CN219642274U - Signal generator, quantum control system and quantum computer - Google Patents
Signal generator, quantum control system and quantum computer Download PDFInfo
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- CN219642274U CN219642274U CN202320359215.7U CN202320359215U CN219642274U CN 219642274 U CN219642274 U CN 219642274U CN 202320359215 U CN202320359215 U CN 202320359215U CN 219642274 U CN219642274 U CN 219642274U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of quantum measurement and control, and discloses a signal generator, a quantum control system and a quantum computer, wherein the signal generator comprises a central control module and outputs a plurality of parallel signal data; the digital-to-analog conversion modules are connected with the central control module and output corresponding control signals through an output channel according to the received signal data; the signal connectors are connected with the output channels of the digital-to-analog conversion module one by one and are used for outputting the control signals; the signal transmission lines from the central control module to the connected digital-to-analog conversion modules are equal in length; and the signal transmission lines from each digital-to-analog conversion module to each connected signal connector are equal in length. The utility model can realize the control synchronization of each quantum bit on the quantum processor.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of quantum measurement and control, in particular to a signal generator, a quantum control system and a quantum computer.
Background
The quantum processor is a core component for running quantum computing, and is integrated with multi-bit quantum bits, so that in order to ensure the normal operation of the quantum bits, a plurality of signal sources or signal generators need to be arranged to provide various control signals, such as frequency control signals and quantum state control signals, for each quantum bit. With the development of technology, the number of qubits on a quantum processor increases to hundreds of bits, or even thousands of bits, and the number of corresponding signal sources or signal generators increases. When a quantum computing task is run on a quantum processor, for a plurality of quantum bits for executing the same quantum computing task, when control signals are output through a plurality of signal sources or signal generators to control the quantum bits, it is difficult to ensure that the control signals are completely synchronous, so that the accuracy of task results is greatly reduced.
Therefore, how to realize the synchronization of the manipulation of each qubit on the quantum processor is a technical problem to be solved in the art.
It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section of the present utility model is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the present utility model and should not be taken as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a signal generator, a quantum control system and a quantum computer, which are used for realizing control synchronization of each quantum bit on a quantum processor.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model proposes a signal generator comprising:
the central control module outputs a plurality of parallel signal data;
the digital-to-analog conversion modules are connected with the central control module and output corresponding control signals through an output channel according to the received signal data;
the signal connectors are connected with the output channels of the digital-to-analog conversion module one by one and are used for outputting the control signals;
the first signal transmission lines from the central control module to the connected digital-to-analog conversion modules are equal in length; and the second signal transmission lines from each digital-to-analog conversion module to each connected signal connector are equal in length.
Preferably, in the signal generator as described above, the central control module, the digital-to-analog conversion module, and the signal connector are integrated on the same PCB board.
The signal generator as described above, preferably, the length error of the central control module to the first signal transmission line connecting each of the digital-to-analog conversion modules is within 1 mil.
The signal generator as described above, preferably, the length error of the second signal transmission line from each of the digital-to-analog conversion modules to each of the signal connectors connected is within 1 mil.
The signal generator as described above, preferably, the central control module is homologous to the working clock signals of the digital-to-analog conversion modules.
Preferably, in the signal generator as described above, each of the digital-to-analog conversion modules works according to a trigger signal sent by the central control module.
The signal generator as described above preferably further comprises a signal amplifying module, wherein an input end of the signal amplifying module is connected with the digital-to-analog conversion module, and is used for amplifying the control signal and transmitting the amplified control signal to the signal connector.
In the signal generator as described above, preferably, the two output channels of the digital-to-analog conversion module output control signals in differential form to the two input terminals of the signal amplification module.
In another aspect the utility model provides a quantum control system comprising any of the signal generators described above.
In yet another aspect, the present utility model provides a quantum computer, including a quantum control system as described above, and a quantum processor; the quantum processor performs a quantum operation based on a control signal output by the quantum control system.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the central control module, each digital-to-analog conversion module and the corresponding signal connector of the signal generator are all in communication connection through a signal transmission line. When the digital-to-analog conversion modules are connected, the signal transmission lines from the central control module to the digital-to-analog conversion modules are equal in length, so that all signal data output by the central control module can synchronously reach all the digital-to-analog conversion modules, in addition, the signal transmission lines from all the digital-to-analog conversion modules to all the signal connectors are equal in length, control signals can synchronously reach all the signal connectors, output synchronization is achieved, and control synchronization of all quantum bits on the quantum processor is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a signal generator according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the functional modules of a signal generator including a signal amplifying module according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
The device comprises a 1-central control module, a 2-digital-analog conversion module, a 3-signal connector, a 4-signal amplifying module, an 11-first signal transmission line and a 21-second signal transmission line.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present utility model will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Advantages and features of the utility model will become more apparent from the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all to a non-precise scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
For some existing quantum computers in the market, a combination of an upper computer, a quantum control system and a quantum processor is adopted to realize some quantum computing tasks, the quantum computing tasks of a user are generally received through the upper computer, the quantum computing tasks are processed and form quantum circuits, and then the quantum circuits are mapped into a topological structure corresponding to the quantum processor. The quantum circuit comprises a quantum logic gate required by the quantum computing task, measurement operation of a final quantum computing result and time sequences of the operations, and when the quantum control system receives the information contained in the quantum circuit, the quantum control system converts the information into corresponding instructions so that corresponding hardware equipment operates and completes the quantum computing task.
Typically, a quantum processor is provided with a plurality of qubits (also called qubits) and a data transmission line, each qubit comprises a detector and a qubit device which are coupled with each other, wherein the qubit device can be an artificial superconducting qubit formed by using a superconducting josephson junction and a capacitance to ground, and the detector can be a resonant cavity. The quantum bit device is provided with a first control signal line and a second control signal line, and a detector coupled with the quantum bit device is provided with a third control signal line, wherein the first control signal line is used for transmitting a quantum state regulation signal for regulating and controlling quantum state information of the quantum bit device, the second control signal line is used for transmitting a frequency regulation signal for regulating and controlling frequency parameters of the quantum bit device, and the third control signal line is used for transmitting a measurement signal for measuring and reading the detector and outputting a read return signal returned by the detector so as to realize indirect reading and measurement of the state of the quantum bit device. Therefore, a quantum control system for quantum bit regulation and measurement in a quantum processor needs to generate and output three control signals to be provided to the first to third control signal lines, respectively, to realize the regulation and measurement of the quantum bit in the quantum processor.
The applicant finds that in practical application, the quantum logic gates included in the quantum computing task need to be completed before the corresponding quantum bits are decohered, so that the precision requirement on the control signals is high when the quantum processor processes the quantum computing task. When performing a quantum computing task, it is often necessary to perform a control or read operation on multiple quantum bits at the same time, and at this time, it is necessary to ensure that signals output by the quantum control system to the multiple quantum bits can be synchronized.
Based on the above findings, in order to ensure that control signals sent to a plurality of qubits can be synchronized, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a signal generator, please refer to fig. 1, including: the central control module 1 outputs a plurality of parallel signal data; the digital-to-analog conversion modules 2 are connected with the central control module 1 and output corresponding control signals through an output channel according to the received signal data; the signal connectors 3 are connected with the output channels of the digital-to-analog conversion module 2 one by one and used for outputting the control signals; wherein, the first signal transmission lines 11 from the central control module 1 to the connected digital-to-analog conversion modules 2 are equal in length; the digital-to-analog conversion modules 2 are equal in length to the second signal transmission lines 21 of the signal connectors 3 connected thereto.
Specifically, the central control module 1 receives task data of each quantum computing task sent by the upper computer, and analyzes the task data into signal data of a control signal to be output to the quantum processor. The central control module 1 is in communication connection with a plurality of digital-to-analog conversion modules 2, and sends the signal data obtained after analysis to each digital-to-analog conversion module 2, and the digital-to-analog conversion modules 2 output corresponding control signals according to the signal data. Each digital-to-analog conversion module 2 comprises a plurality of output channels, each output channel is electrically connected with one signal connector 3, and control signals are transmitted to the quantum processor through the signal connectors 3.
The central control module 1, the digital-to-analog conversion modules 2 and the corresponding signal connectors 3 are all in communication connection through signal transmission lines. When the digital-to-analog conversion module is connected, the first signal transmission lines 11 from the central control module 1 to the digital-to-analog conversion modules 2 are equal in length, so that the signal data output by the central control module 1 can synchronously reach the digital-to-analog conversion modules 2, in addition, the second signal transmission lines 21 from the digital-to-analog conversion modules 2 to the connected signal connectors 3 are equal in length, so that control signals can synchronously reach the signal connectors 3, output synchronization is realized, and control synchronization of quantum bits on a quantum processor is ensured. Wherein, the central control module 1 can be FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), MCU (Microcontroller Unit)), MPU (Microprocessor Unit) or DSP (Digital Signal Processor); the digital-to-analog conversion module 2 can be a DAC.
In the implementation, the central control module 1, the digital-to-analog conversion module 2 and the signal connector 3 are integrated on the same PCB board and are connected by adopting a signal transmission line on the PCB board. Through integrating central control module 1, each digital analog conversion module 2 and each signal connector 3 in the area is set for to each signal transmission line of overall arrangement is used for communication connection on the PCB board, not only easily integrate and expand, can also set up the overall arrangement of signal transmission line, reduce signal crosstalk, improve the precision of the control signal of output.
When the signal transmission lines are laid out on the PCB, the length error from the central control module 1 to the first signal transmission line 11 connected with each digital-to-analog conversion module 2 is within 1 mil; the length error of the second signal transmission line 21 from each of the digital-to-analog conversion modules 2 to each of the signal connectors 3 connected thereto is within 1 mil. By controlling the length error of the signal transmission line between the modules, the signal synchronization accuracy output by the signal connector 3 is higher, and the control synchronization of each quantum bit on the quantum processor is further realized. In the implementation process, the applicant finds that the synchronous error of the control signals output by the signal connectors 3 is 1/6ps through measurement, so as to meet the control requirement of the quantum bit.
The central control module 1 and the digital-to-analog conversion modules 2 are active devices and work based on working clocks, in this embodiment, working clock signals of the central control module 1 and each digital-to-analog conversion module 2 are homologous and provided by the same clock source, so that consistency of the working clocks is ensured, output consistency of the central control module 1 and each digital-to-analog conversion module 2 is further ensured, and a second signal transmission line 21 with equal length between the digital-to-analog conversion modules 2 and the signal connector 3 is matched, synchronization precision of output control signals of the signal generator is improved, and control synchronization of each quantum bit on the quantum processor is further realized.
In addition, the working clock signals of the central control module 1 and the digital-to-analog conversion modules 2 are kept homologous, and when the digital-to-analog conversion modules 2 output control signals, the digital-to-analog conversion modules 2 work according to the trigger signals sent by the central control module 1. The central control module 1 sends a unified trigger signal to each digital-to-analog conversion module 2, each digital-to-analog conversion module 2 outputs a control signal based on the unified trigger signal, so that the triggering is synchronous, the synchronism of the control signals output by each digital-to-analog conversion module 2 is further ensured, and the synchronous precision of the control signals output by the signal generator is improved by matching with a second signal transmission line 21 with equal length between the digital-to-analog conversion module 2 and the signal connector 3, so that the control synchronization of each quantum bit on the quantum processor is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, as an embodiment of the present utility model, the signal generator further includes a signal amplifying module 4, and an input end of the signal amplifying module 4 is connected to the digital-to-analog conversion module 2, and is used for amplifying the control signal and transmitting the amplified control signal to the signal connector 3. The control signal output by the digital-to-analog conversion module 2 is usually a pulse signal, the amplitude and the power of the pulse signal are weak, and the pulse signal is easy to be interfered by noise when being transmitted to the quantum processor through the signal connector 3. The signal amplifying module 4 is arranged between the digital-to-analog conversion module 2 and the signal connector 3, so that the control signal output by the digital-to-analog conversion module 2 is amplified, and the amplified control signal is transmitted to the signal connector 3, and the control signal is prevented from being influenced by noise in the transmission process, so that the control of quantum bits is prevented from being influenced.
Continuing with fig. 2, the two output channels of the digital-to-analog conversion module 2 output control signals in differential form to the two input terminals of the signal amplification module 4. The control signal output by the digital-to-analog conversion module 2 is a differential signal, and the differential signal is input into the signal amplification module 4 for amplification treatment, so that the anti-interference capability of the control signal is improved, and the signal precision of the amplified control signal is improved.
Based on the same application conception, the embodiment of the utility model also provides a quantum control system, which comprises the signal generator. In the implementation, the number of the central control module 1, the digital-to-analog conversion module 2 and the signal connector 3 can be expanded to match the control requirement of the quantum processor with more bits. When expanding, the expansion can be performed on a PCB; the multi-PCB can also be adopted, at the moment, the central control module 1, the digital-to-analog conversion module 2 and the signal connector 3 are integrated on each PCB, the central control modules 1 on the multi-PCB are mutually connected in a communication way, the synchronization of the output control signals of the signal connectors 3 on the multi-PCB is ensured, and the control synchronization of each quantum bit on the quantum processor is further realized.
Based on the same application conception, the embodiment of the utility model also provides a quantum computer, which comprises a quantum control system and a quantum processor, wherein the quantum control system is as described above; the quantum processor performs a quantum operation based on a control signal output by the quantum control system. The pulse signals for controlling the quantum processor are generally provided by a signal generator, functional devices such as the signal generator, a voltage source, a microwave source and the like are integrated in the quantum control system, various control signals required for executing quantum operation are provided for the quantum processor, and measurement signals for measuring operation results of the quantum processor are provided.
In the description of the present specification, a description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," or "particular examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments. Further, one skilled in the art can engage and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Any person skilled in the art will make any equivalent substitution or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the utility model without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the utility model, and the technical solution of the utility model is not departing from the scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A signal generator, comprising:
the central control module outputs a plurality of parallel signal data;
the digital-to-analog conversion modules are connected with the central control module and output corresponding control signals through an output channel according to the received signal data;
the signal connectors are connected with the output channels of the digital-to-analog conversion module one by one and are used for outputting the control signals;
the first signal transmission lines from the central control module to the connected digital-to-analog conversion modules are equal in length; and the second signal transmission lines from each digital-to-analog conversion module to each connected signal connector are equal in length.
2. The signal generator of claim 1, wherein the central control module, the digital-to-analog conversion module, and the signal connector are integrated on the same PCB board.
3. The signal generator of claim 2 wherein the length error of the central control module to the first signal transmission line connecting each of the digital to analog conversion modules is within 1 mil.
4. The signal generator of claim 2, wherein a length error of a second signal transmission line of each of said digital-to-analog conversion modules to each of said signal connectors connected is within 1 mil.
5. The signal generator of claim 1, wherein the central control module is homologous to an operating clock signal of each of the digital-to-analog conversion modules.
6. The signal generator of claim 1, wherein each of the digital-to-analog conversion modules operates in accordance with a trigger signal sent by the central control module.
7. The signal generator of claim 1, further comprising a signal amplification module, wherein an input end of the signal amplification module is connected to the digital-to-analog conversion module, and is used for amplifying the control signal and transmitting the amplified control signal to the signal connector.
8. The signal generator of claim 7, wherein the two output channels of the digital-to-analog conversion module output control signals in differential form to the two inputs of the signal amplification module.
9. A quantum control system comprising a signal generator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A quantum computer comprising a quantum control system according to claim 9, and a quantum processor; the quantum processor performs a quantum operation based on a control signal output by the quantum control system.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202320359215.7U CN219642274U (en) | 2023-02-27 | 2023-02-27 | Signal generator, quantum control system and quantum computer |
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| CN202320359215.7U CN219642274U (en) | 2023-02-27 | 2023-02-27 | Signal generator, quantum control system and quantum computer |
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