CN216540868U

CN216540868U - Aerostatic spindle of integrated special fixture with vacuum chuck and central expansion rod

Info

Publication number: CN216540868U
Application number: CN202122542668.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王强志; 魏传波
Original assignee: LUOYANG CHUANSHUN MACHINERY EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
Current assignee: LUOYANG CHUANSHUN MACHINERY EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-22
Filing date: 2021-10-22
Publication date: 2022-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-22

Abstract

The aerostatic spindle of the integrated special fixture with the vacuum chuck and the central expansion rod comprises a shell, a spindle, a motor for driving the spindle to rotate, a chuck system for fixing the end part of a workpiece and a positioning system for positioning an inner hole on the workpiece; the sucking disc system comprises a plurality of suction holes arranged on the outer edge of the end face of the front end of the main shaft and a vacuumizing channel used for connecting the suction holes with vacuumizing equipment; the positioning system comprises an expansion chuck and a positioning mandrel which are sequentially arranged in a sliding hole formed in the front end of the main shaft in a sliding mode from front to back, a forward sliding limit is arranged between the expansion chuck and the sliding hole, an expansion part is arranged at the front end of the expansion chuck, the expansion part is used for being driven by the positioning mandrel and expanding the expansion part, then an inner hole is formed in the clamping workpiece to position the workpiece, and a taper hole matched with a taper part arranged at the front end of the positioning mandrel to drive the expansion part to expand is formed in the expansion chuck. The utility model is used for realizing the processing of a plurality of positions through one-time clamping of the workpiece and improving the overall processing precision of the workpiece.

Description

Aerostatic spindle of integrated special fixture with vacuum chuck and central expansion rod

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of aerostatic spindles, in particular to an aerostatic spindle of an integrated special clamp with a vacuum chuck and a central expansion rod.

Background

The main shaft component of the ultraprecise processing machine tool has extremely high rotation precision. The air static pressure main shaft is widely applied to the field of ultra-precision machining tools by virtue of the characteristics of high precision, high speed, low friction and the like. In the machining of annular workpieces such as bearing rings of precision bearings, the end faces, the outer circles and the inner circles at two ends of the workpieces are required to be respectively machined by being matched with an aerostatic spindle through multiple clamping. In the repeated clamping process, even if the precision of the air static pressure main shaft is higher, the system assembling error which is difficult to avoid is caused by repeated assembly, so that the integral processing precision of the precise annular workpiece is difficult to guarantee.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an air static pressure main shaft of an integrated special clamp with a vacuum chuck and a central expansion rod, which realizes the processing of a plurality of positions through one-time clamping of a workpiece and improves the overall processing precision of the workpiece.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the specific scheme that: the aerostatic spindle of the integrated special fixture with the vacuum chuck and the central expansion rod comprises a shell, a spindle, a motor for driving the spindle to rotate, a chuck system for fixing the end part of a workpiece and a positioning system for positioning an inner hole on the workpiece; the sucking disc system comprises a plurality of sucking holes arranged on the outer edge of the end surface of the front end of the main shaft and a vacuumizing channel used for connecting the sucking holes with vacuumizing equipment; the positioning system comprises an expansion chuck and a positioning mandrel which are sequentially arranged in a sliding hole formed in the front end of the main shaft in a sliding mode from front to back, a forward sliding limit is arranged between the expansion chuck and the sliding hole, an expansion part is arranged at the front end of the expansion chuck, the expansion part is used for being driven by the positioning mandrel and expanding the expansion part, then an inner hole is formed in the clamping workpiece to position the workpiece, and a taper hole matched with a taper part arranged at the front end of the positioning mandrel to drive the expansion part to expand is formed in the expansion chuck.

Preferably, the positioning mandrel is sleeved with a disc spring for driving the positioning mandrel to move forwards so that the pyramid part expands the expansion part, and the shell is provided with a cylinder for pulling the positioning mandrel to move backwards at the rear end of the positioning mandrel.

Preferably, the front end of the cone part extends out of the tapered hole and is distributed, and a pull ring with the outer diameter larger than the diameter of the tapered hole is fixedly arranged at the front end of the cone part.

Preferably, the vacuumizing channel comprises a plurality of outer edge vacuumizing channels arranged at the outer edge of the main shaft and a central vacuumizing channel arranged at the central position of the main shaft, the rear ends of all the outer edge vacuumizing channels are connected with the central vacuumizing channel, and a rotary joint connected with the central vacuumizing channel is arranged on the shell.

Preferably, the front end of the outer edge vacuumizing channel is respectively connected with a collecting cavity arranged on the main shaft, and a plurality of suction holes connected with the corresponding collecting cavities are arranged at the position of any collecting cavity on the end face of the front end of the main shaft.

Preferably, the forward sliding limit is a limit step arranged at the front end of the sliding hole and a shaft shoulder part arranged at the periphery of the front part of the expansion chuck.

According to the utility model, the end face of one end of the workpiece is fixedly clamped through the sucking disc system, the inner hole of the workpiece is clamped and positioned through the positioning system, and the positioning system can be separated from the workpiece after the positioning is finished, so that the workpiece fixed on the main shaft by the sucking disc system can be matched with different cutters in an ultra-precision machine tool to finish machining of the outer circle, the inner circle and the outer end face of the workpiece in sequence, the workpiece is ensured to have the same concentricity with the main shaft in the machining of the outer circle, the inner circle and the outer end face, and the problem of bottom crossing of the whole machining precision caused by repeated clamping in the prior art is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1;

the labels in the figure are: 1. workpiece, 101, inner hole, 2, suction cup system, 201, central vacuum pumping channel, 202, rotary joint, 203, suction hole, 204, collection cavity, 205, outer edge vacuum pumping channel, 206, sliding vacuum pumping channel, 207, radial vacuum pumping channel, 208, bearing groove, 3, positioning system, 301, disc spring, 302, cylinder, 303, positioning mandrel, 304, pyramid part, 305, pyramid hole, 306, expansion chuck, 307, forward sliding limit, 308, expansion part, 309, pull ring, 310, screw, 4, shell, 5, motor, 6, main shaft, 601, slide hole, 7, slide sleeve.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the main body of the aerostatic spindle 6 of the one-piece special fixture with vacuum chuck and central expansion rod of this embodiment is still the aerostatic spindle 6, which comprises a housing 4, a spindle 6 rotatably disposed in the housing 4, a motor 5 for driving the spindle 6 to rotate, a plurality of air bearings disposed between the housing 4 and the spindle 6, and an air channel. The main shaft 6 rotates at a high speed under the driving of the motor 5, and has the characteristics of high precision and low friction under the matching action of the air bearing. The left end of the main shaft 6 extends out of the shell 4 and is used for fixing the workpiece 1, and the left end face, the outer edge and the inner circle of the workpiece 1 are respectively machined by matching with different cutters.

The actuating mechanism used for positioning and clamping and fixing the workpiece 1 on the main shaft 6 comprises a sucker system 2 and a positioning system 3, wherein the positioning system 3 is used for positioning and matching with an inner hole 101 on the workpiece 1 so as to position the whole workpiece 1, and the sucker system 2 is used for fixing the right end face of the workpiece 1 through negative pressure adsorption, so that the clamping and fixing effect on the workpiece 1 is realized.

Referring to fig. 2, the positioning system 3 in this embodiment mainly includes an expansion chuck 306 and a positioning mandrel 303 sequentially distributed from left to right in a sliding hole 601 formed in the left end of the main shaft 6, the expansion chuck 306 is directly slidably engaged with the sliding hole 601, and the positioning mandrel 303 is slidably engaged with a sliding sleeve 7 fixed in the sliding hole 601. The sliding holes 601 are concentrically distributed with the main shaft 6 along the axial direction of the main shaft 6, and the left end of the sliding hole 601 is arranged in an open manner. The front part of the sliding hole 601 is provided with a limiting step, the front part of the expansion chuck 306 is provided with a shaft shoulder, and the shaft shoulder and the limiting step are matched to form a forward sliding limit 307 for preventing the expansion chuck 306 from continuously sliding leftwards to be separated from the sliding hole 601. The small diameter section on the left side of the shoulder on the expansion chuck 306 partially extends out of the sliding hole 601 to form an expansion portion 308, a plurality of notches distributed along the circumferential direction of the expansion chuck 306 are formed in the expansion chuck 306 corresponding to the expansion portion 308, the expansion portion 308 is in a contraction state when not stressed through the notches, and the expansion portion 308 is driven to expand after radial pressure from the center to the outside is received. The outer periphery of the expansion part 308 corresponds to the shape of the inner hole 101 of the workpiece 1 after expansion, and the inner hole 101 of the workpiece 1 is clamped after expansion so as to realize integral positioning of the workpiece 1. The expansion of the expansion chuck 306 is driven by the positioning mandrel 303, specifically: the front end of the positioning mandrel 303 is a taper part 304, a tapered hole 305 corresponding to the taper part 304 is formed in the expansion chuck 306, and when the positioning mandrel 303 moves leftwards integrally, namely, the expansion part 308 is driven to expand under the matching action of the taper part 304 and the tapered hole 305, so that the positioning mandrel is clamped with the inner hole 101 of the workpiece 1 and the workpiece 1 is positioned.

In this embodiment, a plurality of disc springs 301 are sleeved on the positioning spindle 303, two ends of the disc springs 301 are respectively in limit fit with the housing 4 and the spindle 6, and the disc springs 301 are in a compressed state, and push the positioning spindle 303 to the left to expand the expansion portion 308 shown in fig. 1 and 2. After the workpiece 1 is positioned and clamped and fixed by the suction cup system 2, in order to make the expansion portion 308 exit from the inner hole 101 of the workpiece 1 to process the inner circle of the workpiece 1, in the embodiment, a cylinder 302 is provided in the housing 4 at a position corresponding to the tail end of the positioning mandrel 303, and a pull ring 309 for pulling the expansion chuck 306 to the right is provided at the head end of the positioning mandrel 303. The piston rod of the cylinder 302 is directly connected with the positioning core shaft 303, and the pull ring 309 is fixedly connected with the front end of the conical part 304 through a screw 310. The outer diameter of the pull ring 309 is larger than the diameter of the small end of the tapered hole 305, and a gap is formed between the right end surface of the pull ring 309 and the step corresponding to the small end of the tapered hole 305 in the expansion chuck 306 in the state shown in fig. 1 and 2. During the process that the air cylinder 302 pulls the positioning mandrel 303 to the right, the tapered part 304 thereof is firstly separated from the tapered hole 305, and the expansion part 308 is retracted. After the expansion portion 308 retracts to be separated from the inner hole 101 of the workpiece 1, the right end face of the pull ring 309 is in contact with the step and the expansion chuck 306 is pulled to move rightwards integrally along with the continuous rightward movement of the positioning mandrel 303, the expansion portion 308 is completely separated from the inner hole 101 of the workpiece 1, and interference is not generated in the inner circle machining of the workpiece 1.

The suction cup system 2 includes a plurality of suction holes 203 formed in the outer periphery of the front end surface of the main shaft 6 and a vacuum passage for connecting the suction holes 203 to a vacuum-pumping device (not shown). The vacuumizing channel comprises a plurality of outer edge vacuumizing channels 205 arranged at the outer edge of the main shaft 6, a central vacuumizing channel 201 arranged at the central position of the main shaft 6 and a sliding vacuumizing channel 206 arranged on the positioning mandrel 303 and synchronously sliding along with the positioning mandrel 303. The front end of the outer edge vacuum-pumping channel 205 is respectively connected with the collecting cavities 204 arranged on the main shaft 6, a plurality of suction holes 203 connected with the corresponding collecting cavities 204 are arranged at the position of any collecting cavity 204 on the end surface of the front end of the main shaft 6, and the plurality of suction holes 203 generate enough negative pressure on the workpiece 1 to ensure that the workpiece 1 does not move in the machining process. The rear end of the outer edge vacuumizing channel 205 is connected with the sliding vacuumizing channel 206 through the radial vacuumizing channel 207, the outer side of the positioning mandrel 303 is provided with a bearing groove 208, the inner side of the bearing groove 208 is connected with the sliding vacuumizing channel 206, and the outer side is in a strip shape so as to always ensure that the outer edge vacuumizing channel 205 can be connected with the sliding vacuumizing channel 206 in the sliding process of the positioning mandrel 303. Sealing rings are arranged between the sliding sleeve 7 and the inner wall of the sliding hole 601 and between the positioning core shaft 303 and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 7, so that negative pressure leakage is avoided. The tail end of the sliding vacuumizing channel 206 is in plug fit with the central vacuumizing channel 201, the tail end of the central vacuumizing channel 201 is connected with a rotary joint 202 arranged on the shell 4, and the rotary joint 202 is connected with vacuumizing equipment through an air pipe.

The specific implementation process of this embodiment is as follows:

firstly, the inner hole 101 of the workpiece 1 is movably sleeved at the front end of the expansion part 308, then the air source of the air cylinder 302 is closed to enable the positioning mandrel 303 to move left under the action of the disc spring 301, so that the cone part 304 of the positioning mandrel is matched with the tapered hole 305 to drive the expansion part 308 to expand and tightly clamp the inner hole 101 of the workpiece 1 so as to position the workpiece 1. While keeping the vacuum-pumping device generating a negative pressure, the right end face of the workpiece 1 is fixed on the left end face of the spindle 6 by the suction force generated by the suction holes 203. Finally, the cylinder 302 is started to pull the positioning mandrel 303 to move right, the expansion portion 308 retracts, and the expansion chuck 306 exits the inner hole 101 of the workpiece 1 under the action of the pull ring 309, so that the positioning and clamping of the workpiece 1 are completed.

Claims

1. Aerostatic spindle of integral type special fixture with vacuum chuck and central pole that rises, including casing (4), main shaft (6) and drive main shaft (6) pivoted motor (5), its characterized in that: the device also comprises a sucker system (2) used for fixing the end part of the workpiece (1) and a positioning system (3) used for positioning an inner hole (101) on the workpiece (1); the sucking disc system (2) comprises a plurality of sucking holes (203) arranged on the outer edge of the end face of the front end of the main shaft (6) and a vacuumizing channel for connecting the sucking holes (203) with vacuumizing equipment; the positioning system (3) comprises an expansion chuck (306) and a positioning mandrel (303) which are sequentially arranged in a sliding hole (601) formed in the front end of the main shaft (6) in a sliding mode from front to back, a forward sliding limiting part (307) is arranged between the expansion chuck (306) and the sliding hole (601), an expansion part (308) is arranged at the front end of the expansion chuck (306), the expansion part (308) is used for being driven by the positioning mandrel (303) and expanding and then passes through an inner hole (101) in the clamping workpiece (1) to position the workpiece (1), and a conical hole (305) matched with a conical part (304) arranged at the front end of the positioning mandrel (303) to drive the expansion part (308) to expand is formed in the expansion chuck (306).

2. The aerostatic spindle of one-piece special fixture with vacuum chuck and central rising rod according to claim 1, characterized by: the positioning mandrel (303) is sleeved with a disc spring (301) for driving the positioning mandrel (303) to move forwards so that the cone part (304) expands the expansion part (308), and the rear end of the positioning mandrel (303) in the shell (4) is provided with an air cylinder (302) for pulling the positioning mandrel (303) to move backwards.

3. The aerostatic spindle of one-piece special fixture with vacuum chuck and central rising rod according to claim 1, characterized by: the front end of the cone part (304) extends out of the tapered hole (305) and is distributed, and a pull ring (309) with the outer diameter larger than the diameter of the tapered hole (305) is fixedly arranged at the front end of the cone part (304).

4. The aerostatic spindle of one-piece special fixture with vacuum chuck and central rising rod according to claim 1, characterized by: the vacuumizing channel comprises a plurality of outer edge vacuumizing channels (205) arranged at the outer edge of the main shaft (6) and a central vacuumizing channel (201) arranged at the central position of the main shaft (6), the rear ends of all the outer edge vacuumizing channels (205) are connected with the central vacuumizing channel (201), and a rotary joint (202) connected with the central vacuumizing channel (201) is arranged on the shell (4).

5. The aerostatic spindle of one-piece special fixture with vacuum chuck and central rising rod according to claim 4, characterized by: the front end of the outer edge vacuum-pumping channel (205) is respectively connected with a collection cavity (204) arranged on the main shaft (6), and a plurality of suction holes (203) connected with the corresponding collection cavities (204) are arranged on the end surface of the front end of the main shaft (6) corresponding to any collection cavity (204).

6. The aerostatic spindle of one-piece special fixture with vacuum chuck and central rising rod according to claim 1, characterized by: the forward sliding limit (307) is a limit step arranged at the front end of the sliding hole (601) and a shaft shoulder part arranged at the front peripheral position of the expansion chuck (306).