CN213469585U

CN213469585U - Lathe electric spindle device

Info

Publication number: CN213469585U
Application number: CN202022217141.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 强鸿枭
Original assignee: Foshan Nanhai Jingying Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Qiang Hongxiao
Priority date: 2020-09-30
Filing date: 2020-09-30
Publication date: 2021-06-18
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-30

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric spindle device of a lathe, comprising a casing and a main shaft, the main shaft is hollow, the main shaft includes a cavity, and a clamping mechanism is arranged in the cavity of the main shaft, and the clamping mechanism comprises A collet and a tie rod, the front end of the main shaft is provided with a bell mouth, the collet includes an elastic part that can be retracted inward, a clamping space is arranged in the middle of the elastic part, and the elastic part is in contact with the bell mouth The pull rod is slidably connected with the main shaft, one end of the pull rod is fixedly connected with the chuck, and the other end of the pull rod is provided with a driving mechanism. By adding a clamping mechanism in the main shaft, the utility model cleverly uses the deformation of the collet to clamp the workpiece, simplifies the tooling fixture of the electric main shaft, and when used in a lathe, it is not necessary to connect traditional collet holders, chucks, etc. The tooling fixture makes the overall inertia of the electric spindle small, the servo response speed is significantly improved, and the spindle speed of the CNC lathe can be increased to more than 10000rpm.

Description

Lathe electric spindle device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a machine tooling field, especially lathe electricity main shaft device.

Background

The electric spindle is a new technology which integrates a machine tool spindle and a spindle motor into a whole and appears in the field of numerical control machines, and the electric spindle, a linear motor technology and a high-speed cutter technology push high-speed processing to a new era. The electric spindle comprises the electric spindle and accessories thereof, and comprises the electric spindle, a high-frequency conversion device, an oil mist lubricator, a cooling device, a built-in encoder, a tool changer and the like. The rotor of the motor is directly used as the main shaft of the machine tool, the shell of the main shaft unit is the motor base, and the motor and the main shaft of the machine tool are integrated by matching with other parts. With the rapid development and the gradual improvement of electric transmission technologies (frequency conversion speed regulation technology, motor vector control technology and the like), the mechanical structure of a main transmission system of a high-speed numerical control machine tool is greatly simplified, and belt wheel transmission and gear transmission are basically cancelled. The main shaft of the machine tool is directly driven by the built-in motor, so that the length of a main transmission chain of the machine tool is shortened to zero, and zero transmission of the machine tool is realized. The transmission structure form of the ' Spindle unit ' that the Spindle Motor and the machine tool Spindle are combined into a whole ' enables the Spindle part to be relatively independent from the transmission system and the whole structure of the machine tool, and is also called as an electric Spindle (Motor Spindle).

The existing electric spindle of a general numerical control lathe can only achieve high speed of about 6000rpm, and if the rotating speed is increased, functional parts such as a chuck, a collet chuck, a rotary oil cylinder and the like arranged on the spindle almost cannot meet the requirements.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: it is an object of the present invention to provide a new electric spindle structure, which solves one or more of the problems of the prior art, and at least provides a useful alternative or creation.

The utility model provides a solution of its technical problem is: the utility model provides a lathe electricity main shaft device, includes the shell, be equipped with the main shaft in the shell, the main shaft is the cavity setting, the main shaft includes the cavity, be equipped with clamping mechanism in the cavity of main shaft, clamping mechanism includes chuck and pull rod, the front end of main shaft is equipped with the horn mouth, the chuck includes the elastic component that can inwards contract, the centre of elastic component is equipped with the centre gripping space, the elastic component with the horn mouth butt, the pull rod with main shaft sliding connection, the one end of pull rod with chuck fixed connection, the other one end of pull rod is equipped with actuating mechanism.

The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses an increase clamping mechanism in the main shaft, utilize the deformation of chuck to remove the chucking work piece ingeniously, simplified the frock clamp of electricity main shaft for in the lathe, do not need traditional frock clamps such as connecting cylinder holder, chuck for the holistic inertia of electricity main shaft is little, and servo response speed is showing and is improving, can improve numerical control lathe's main shaft rotational speed to more than 10000 rpm.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the driving mechanism includes an elastic member, one end of the elastic member abuts against the main shaft, and the other end abuts against the pull rod. The elastic piece is used for providing driving force, and the whole structure of the electric spindle can be further simplified. And the elastic piece can rotate at a high speed along with the main shaft, so that the clamping reliability is ensured.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the driving mechanism further includes a bearing ring and a connecting seat, the bearing ring is fixed on the main shaft, the connecting seat is fixed on the pull rod, and the elastic member is sandwiched between the bearing ring and the connecting seat. By utilizing the bearing ring and the connecting seat, the connection of the elastic piece is more reliable.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the periphery of the main shaft is provided with an installation step, and the pressure-bearing ring abuts against the installation step.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the pull rod is arranged in a hollow mode and comprises an inner cavity, and a clamping sleeve is arranged in the inner cavity. The clamping sleeve is additionally arranged in the inner cavity of the pull rod, so that the clamping sleeve can play a role in wrapping a workpiece during working, the positioning precision of the workpiece is improved, the workpiece is kept well limited, the chuck is prevented from being impacted by the centrifugal force of the workpiece, and the service lives of the spindle bearing and the chuck are effectively prolonged.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the clamping sleeve is an elastic plastic tube. For example, the clamping sleeve made of nylon material can have good wrapping performance on workpieces, and the wrapping performance is good.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the chuck is in threaded connection with the pull rod. The chuck and the pull rod adopt a detachable mode of threaded connection, and the worn chuck is conveniently replaced.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the collet includes a base, the elastic portion is disposed on the base, the elastic portion includes two or more lobes, and outer surfaces of the lobes abut against an inner surface of the bell mouth; one end of each petal body is fixed on the base, the other end of each petal body is freely suspended, a gap is formed between every two petal bodies, and the inner surfaces of the petal bodies form the clamping space. The clamping of the workpiece is realized by utilizing the extrusion deformation of the flap body, and the clamping is reliable.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the front end of the flap body is trapezoidal, and the outer contour of the front end of the flap body is matched with the inner wall of the bell mouth; the inner surface of the petal body is arc-shaped. Through the area of contact of increase lamella body and horn mouth for the centre gripping is more reliable, has improved the life of chuck moreover.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the pull rod is provided with a slide block, the main shaft is provided with a slide groove, and the slide block is embedded in the slide groove. When the main shaft rotates, the pull rod can synchronously rotate with the main shaft by utilizing the matching of the sliding groove and the sliding block.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is clear that the described figures represent only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments, and that a person skilled in the art can also derive other designs and figures from these figures without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the chuck of the present invention;

figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the chuck of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The conception, the specific structure, and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features, and the effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive labor based on the embodiments of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in the attached drawings, which are used to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with figures, so that one can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the whole technical solution of the present invention, but they cannot be understood as the limitation of the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated with respect to the orientation description, such as up, down, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, a plurality of means are one or more, a plurality of means are two or more, and the terms greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood as not including the number, and the terms greater than, less than, within, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

In the description of the present invention, unless there is an explicit limitation, the words such as setting, installation, connection, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above words in combination with the specific contents of the technical solution. Meanwhile, all technical characteristics in the invention can be interactively combined on the premise of not conflicting with each other.

Referring to fig. 1, an electric spindle device for a lathe includes a housing 100, and a spindle 200, a motor, a bearing, a driving module, a cooling system, and the like are disposed in the housing 100, the motor is in driving connection with the spindle 200, and the bearing is installed between the spindle 200 and the housing 100. The utility model discloses a pull rod, including main shaft 200, main shaft 200 is equipped with horn mouth 220, the internal diameter of horn mouth 220 diminishes from preceding backward gradually, be equipped with clamping mechanism 300 in the cavity 210 of main shaft 200, clamping mechanism 300 includes chuck 310 and pull rod 320, the rear end of chuck 310 with the front end threaded connection of pull rod 320, the front end of pull rod 320 sets up the external screw thread, the rear end of chuck 310 is equipped with the internal thread.

Referring to fig. 2 to 3, the collet 310 includes a base 313 and an inwardly contractible elastic portion 311, a clamping space 312 is provided in the middle of the elastic portion 311, and the elastic portion 311 abuts against the bell mouth 220; the elastic part 311 is arranged on the base part 313, the elastic part 311 comprises four petals 314, and the outer surface of the petals 314 abuts against the inner surface of the bell mouth 220; one end of each petal 314 is fixed on the base 313, the other end of each petal 314 is freely suspended, a gap 315 is formed between every two petals 314, the front end of each petal 314 is trapezoidal, and the outer contour of the front end of each petal 314 is matched with the inner wall of the bell mouth; the inner surfaces of the petals 314 are arc-shaped, and a circular holding space 312 is formed by the inner surfaces of the four petals 314. And said base 313 is provided with an internal thread corresponding to the tie rod 320.

Referring to fig. 1, the rear end of the pull rod 320 completely penetrates through the cavity 210 of the main shaft 200, and the pull rod 320 and the main shaft 200 are slidably sleeved together, for example, in this embodiment, a sliding block is disposed on the pull rod 320, a sliding groove is disposed on the main shaft 200, and the sliding block is embedded in the sliding groove. A driving mechanism 400 is provided at the rear end of the pull rod 320. The driving mechanism further comprises a pressure bearing ring 410, an elastic member 420 and a connecting seat 430, specifically, the elastic member 420 is a spiral spring, an installation step 230 is arranged on the periphery of the rear portion of the main shaft 200, the pressure bearing ring 410 abuts against the installation step 230, the connecting seat 430 is fixed on the rear end face of the pull rod 320 through a bolt, the elastic member 420 is clamped between the pressure bearing ring 410 and the connecting seat 430, one end of the spiral spring abuts against the inner surface of the pressure bearing ring 410, and the other end of the spiral spring abuts against the inner surface of the connecting seat 430. Thereby allowing the pressure ring 410 and the coupling seat 430 to have a tendency to move away from each other.

During assembly, the clamping head 310 and the pull rod 320 are connected through threads, and then the pull rod 320 penetrates through the cavity of the spindle 200 from front to back until the elastic part 311 of the clamping head 310 abuts against the bell mouth 220 of the spindle 200; then the bearing ring 410 is sleeved outside the main shaft 220, the bearing ring 410 is firmly fixed outside the main shaft 220 by the interference fit between the bearing ring and the main shaft, then the coil spring is sleeved in the rear end of the main shaft 200, then the connecting seat 430 is fixedly connected with the tail part of the pull rod 320, the coil spring is limited between the bearing ring 410 and the connecting seat 430, at this time, the coil spring is in a compressed state, the acting force provided by the coil spring is acted on the connecting seat 430 and the bearing ring 410, so that the coil spring provides backward thrust to be acted on the pull rod 320, and the pull rod 320 transmits the acting force to the chuck 310, so that the chuck 310 generates a backward movement trend, and as the elastic part 311 is abutted against the bell mouth of the main shaft 200, when the chuck 310 moves backward, the bell mouth forces the elastic part 311 to contract inwards. Therefore, the workpiece placed in the middle of the elastic portion 311 will be clamped by the four petals 314 of the elastic portion 311.

Referring to fig. 1, in operation, when the electric spindle device of the lathe is mounted on the lathe, the connecting base 430 is pushed forward by using the air cylinder or the oil cylinder of the lathe, and the pushing force overcomes the elastic force of the compression spring, so that the collet 310 is in a relaxed state. Then, the rod-shaped workpiece a to be processed is inserted into the clamping space 312 of the chuck 310 from front to back, then the cylinder or the oil cylinder is controlled to reset, the external force acting on the connecting seat 430 disappears, the pull rod 320 slides backwards relative to the main shaft 220 under the action of the elastic piece 420, and when the pull rod 320 slides backwards, the chuck 310 is driven to slide backwards synchronously, and due to the horn mouth effect at the front end of the main shaft 200, the four petals 314 of the chuck 310 contract inwards, so that the workpiece a in the clamping space 312 is firmly gripped by the four petals 314. The engaging force is related to the elastic force of the elastic member 420, and the user can select compression springs with different elastic forces according to actual requirements.

Then, the motor drives the spindle 220 to rotate at a high speed, and while the spindle 200 rotates, the clamping mechanism 300 and the driving mechanism 400 rotate synchronously along with the spindle 200, so that the workpiece is also driven to rotate synchronously. Utilize the mechanism of the special centre gripping work piece of this embodiment, saved cartridge holder and chuck structure on the traditional lathe for in lathe work, the rotational speed of main shaft 200 can be higher, can easily realize the high-speed processing of 20000rpm even. Moreover, since the inwardly contracted collet 310 is used for clamping the workpiece, and the collet 310 is limited by the bell mouth of the spindle 320, the workpiece is clamped with higher precision and better coaxiality. The lathe used by the lathe electric spindle device is very suitable for processing precision small parts in the 3C industry. Because of the light weight of these small parts, the clamping mechanism 300 of the lathe electric spindle device can meet the requirements of high-speed and firm clamping.

In some embodiments, the direction of the flare 220 may be rearward, and the elastomer 420 may also provide a forward thrust. The corresponding structure can be adjusted adaptively. In some embodiments, the drive mechanism 400 may be driven in other ways that are common in the art. The number of petals 314 is not limited to only 4.

In order to further improve the clamping performance of the workpiece, as a further preferable preference of the technical scheme, the pull rod 320 is arranged in a hollow manner, the pull rod 320 comprises an inner cavity, and the clamping sleeve 500 is arranged in the inner cavity. The clamping sleeve 500 is a resilient plastic tube. For example, a clamping sleeve 500 made of nylon is used. The outer wall of the clamping sleeve 500 is tightly connected to the inner wall of the pull rod 320, and the clamping sleeve 500 is connected to the pull rod 320 by interference fit or by key connection or pin connection, so that the clamping sleeve 500 can rotate with the main shaft 200 at high speed. While the inner diameter of the clamping sleeve 500 is adapted to the outer diameter of the workpiece to be machined. Thus, when the workpiece is clamped, the front end of the workpiece is gripped by the chuck 310, and the rear end of the workpiece is integrally wrapped by the clamping sleeve 500. When the workpiece rotates at a high speed along with the main shaft 200, the whole workpiece is wrapped, so that the whole follow-up performance is good, the workpiece can be more stable and hardly shakes during high-speed rotation. The loss of the centrifugal force generated by the workpiece rotating at high speed to the chuck 310 and the spindle bearing is reduced, and the service lives of the spindle bearing and the chuck are effectively prolonged. Moreover, because the whole wrapping performance of the workpiece is good during machining, the lathe using the device has more functions, and some process habits of the traditional lathe are changed, for example, in the traditional lathe, a long rod is not used as a machining blank, but a short material is fixed on the main shaft. After the electric spindle of the lathe is mounted, the front end and the rear end of the workpiece are effectively fixedly clamped, so that the long bar can be used as a blank of the workpiece to be processed. Thus, the processing efficiency of the parts can be greatly improved.

Moreover, for workpieces of different specifications and sizes, the clamping sleeve 500 with different inner diameter sizes can be replaced for adaptation, and the universality of the equipment is higher.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments shown, but is capable of various modifications and substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a lathe electricity main shaft device, includes the shell, be equipped with the main shaft in the shell, its characterized in that: the main shaft is a hollow setting, the main shaft comprises a cavity, a clamping mechanism is arranged in the cavity of the main shaft, the clamping mechanism comprises a chuck and a pull rod, a horn mouth is arranged at the front end of the main shaft, the chuck comprises an elastic part capable of contracting inwards, a clamping space is arranged in the middle of the elastic part, the elastic part is abutted to the horn mouth, the pull rod is in sliding connection with the main shaft, one end of the pull rod is fixedly connected with the chuck, and a driving mechanism is arranged at the other end of the pull rod.

2. The lathe electric spindle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving mechanism comprises an elastic piece, one end of the elastic piece is abutted to the main shaft, and the other end of the elastic piece is abutted to the pull rod.

3. The lathe electric spindle device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the driving mechanism further comprises a bearing ring and a connecting seat, the bearing ring is fixed on the main shaft, the connecting seat is fixed on the pull rod, and the elastic piece is clamped between the bearing ring and the connecting seat.

4. A lathe electric spindle device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the periphery of main shaft is equipped with the installation step, the bearing ring is in support on the installation step.

5. The lathe electric spindle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pull rod is arranged in a hollow mode and comprises an inner cavity, and a clamping sleeve is arranged in the inner cavity.

6. The lathe electric spindle device according to claim 5, wherein: the clamping sleeve is an elastic plastic pipe.

7. The lathe electric spindle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chuck is in threaded connection with the pull rod.

8. The lathe electric spindle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chuck comprises a base part, the elastic part is arranged on the base part and comprises more than two petal bodies, and the outer surfaces of the petal bodies are abutted with the inner surface of the bell mouth; one end of each petal body is fixed on the base, the other end of each petal body is freely suspended, a gap is formed between every two petal bodies, and the inner surfaces of the petal bodies form the clamping space.

9. The lathe electric spindle device according to claim 8, wherein: the front end of the petal body is trapezoidal, and the outer contour of the front end of the petal body is matched with the inner wall of the horn mouth; the inner surface of the petal body is arc-shaped.

10. The lathe electric spindle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pull rod is provided with a sliding block, the main shaft is provided with a sliding groove, and the sliding block is embedded into the sliding groove.