CN216519297U - Locking mechanism and mechanical locking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a locking mechanism, and relates to the field of mechanical structures needing unidirectional and/or bidirectional locking. The utility model comprises a supporting piece, a locking piece, a moving piece, an unlocking mechanism and an elastic piece, and can realize that the moving part and the supporting part can move and be locked with each other. The stepless locking and unlocking device has the characteristics of capability of realizing stepless locking and unlocking, no noise in the operation process, easy realization of structure, wide application range, small structural shape limitation of a moving part and a supporting part and the like.

Description

A locking mechanism and mechanical locking device

technical field

The utility model relates to a locking mechanism, in particular to the field of mechanical structures requiring one-way and/or two-way locking.

Background technique

One-way and/or two-way locking of motion is used in many scenarios such as the field of mechanical equipment, the automotive industry, or the home. Mechanisms such as the engagement of the pin and the pin hole and the multi-link locking mechanism. These two-way locking mechanisms are generally stepped locking mechanisms. When stepless locking is required, the structure is more complicated, and there is collision noise or friction noise during action. produce. Therefore, there is a need for a locking mechanism that can realize stepless locking, and can not generate locking noise due to the locking mechanism in a vibrating environment, nor can friction noise be generated during adjustment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problem that mechanical equipment can be locked and unlocked at any position, and at the same time reduce the generation of friction and collision noises caused by the locking and unlocking mechanism, a locking mechanism with a simple structure is provided: a one-way and Or a two-way locking locking mechanism, including a moving part, a supporting part, and a locking part, the locking part is a fan-shaped structure, and the fan-shaped surface of the locking part is in contact with the moving part; the moving part is in the locking part or the locking part. In the enclosed or semi-enclosed space formed by the component and the support component. Wherein, the support member at least includes a mandrel or a central hole for supporting the locking member; the locking member includes a fan-shaped surface and a rotation center hole or a central shaft, and the distance between the fan-shaped surface and the rotation center hole or the central shaft gradually increases, and the locking member can be The rotation link is on the mandrel or the central hole of the support piece, and the fan-shaped surface is engaged with the engaging surface on the moving piece to realize the locking of the locking mechanism.

Further, the locking mechanism is provided with an automatic locking elastic member, which is provided with two ends, one end of which is fixed on the support member, and the other end directly or indirectly exerts a force on the locking member, and the direction of the force is a fan-shaped surface. The end with a small distance from the center hole or the center axis of the rotation realizes the locking of the locking mechanism. The types of elastic components are generally torsion springs, compression springs, flat scroll springs or rubber springs. The locking mechanism can realize the automatic locking function through the acting force of the elastic member on the locking member. When unlocking, only an external force needs to overcome the acting force of the elastic member.

The above-mentioned moving part is provided with an engaging surface in contact with the locking part, and the engaging surface can be a plane or a curved surface.

Further, the number of the above-mentioned locking components is one or more. When the locking component is one or a plurality of locking components are installed in the same direction at the same time, one-way locking of the moving components can be realized, and when the locking components are installed in the opposite direction at the same time, Realize two-way locking of moving parts.

Optionally, the locking mechanism can also be provided with an unlocking mechanism for contact locking, and at least one end of the unlocking mechanism is directly or indirectly connected to the locking member; between the unlocking mechanism, the unlocking mechanism and the supporting member and/or the locking member An elastic member is provided, and the elastic member exerts a force in the opposite direction of the unlocking direction to the unlocking mechanism, and the force exerted by the elastic member acts on the locking member indirectly through the unlocking mechanism to realize the locking of the locking mechanism; at the same time, the unlocking mechanism directly overcomes the Unlocking is achieved by the force of the elastic member applied to it.

Preferably, in the locking mechanism, the unlocking mechanism and the locking member are connected by a link mechanism, a slider sliding groove mechanism, a toothed meshing mechanism or other linkage mechanism.

Preferably, in the aforementioned locking mechanism, the fan-shaped structure is an asymmetric fan-shaped structure, and the fan-shaped surface is a logarithmic spiral curved surface.

Preferably, in the aforementioned locking mechanism, the fan-shaped surface is a rough surface with transverse and/or longitudinal lines or surface unevenness. Of course, any of the aforementioned locking mechanisms can be used in mechanical devices that require one-way or two-way locking. At this time, the moving part of the locking device is connected or integrated with the moving part, and the fixed part is connected or integrated with the supporting part.

Implementing the embodiment of the present utility model has the following technical effects:

1. It can realize stepless locking between two parts, and can also realize stepless adjustment;

2. For related parts, as long as the structural requirements of the locking parts are ensured, other structures can be changed according to specific needs, which can realize the locking and unlocking of linear motion mechanisms, and can also realize the locking and unlocking of curved motion mechanisms;

3. When the locking mechanism is in the locked state, since the locking member will always have a locking force to maintain and press the moving member, and during the operation of the overall equipment, the locking mechanism will not generate vibration noise;

4. When unlocking, the locking part will be separated from the moving part, so that the movement between the moving part and the supporting part will not generate friction noise due to external force, and at the same time, the service life of the mechanism can be increased;

5. The locking mechanism can be applied to the occasions where various moving parts move relative to the support, and it is necessary to lock between the moving parts and the support, including but not limited to adjustment occasions in the fields of automobiles and household items, etc. Wide range of applications;

6. Compared with the common bolt-type locking and unlocking mechanism, the locking mechanism can not only be adjusted steplessly, but also has a simple structure and is more favorable for the guarantee of product manufacturing errors;

7. The locking mechanism saves effort in unlocking, and only needs to overcome the spring force applied to the locking element, and due to the special structure of the locking element, the spring force applied to the locking element is usually small.

Description of drawings

In the following description of the embodiments, further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent with the aid of the drawings.

The attached figure shows:

Figure 1 is the basic schematic diagram of the locking mechanism

Figure 2 shows the combination of the elastic element and the unlocking mechanism

Figure 3 is a diagram of the elastic piece acting alone as a locking block

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the linkage mechanism unlocking

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the upper sector surface of the locking member

in

1. Moving parts, 11. Engagement surface, 12. Moving parts supporting surface;

2. Support, 21, central axis, 22, support surface of support, 23, support frame;

3. Locking piece, 31, Locking surface, 32, Center hole, 33, Engagement teeth;

4. Unlocking mechanism, 41. Unlocking tooth, 42. Unlocking lever;

61, tension spring, 62, compression spring, 63, torsion spring;

71. The connecting rod of the unlocking mechanism, 72. The projection drawing of the locking surface.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that the concept of the present utility model, the technical problems solved, the technical features constituting the technical solutions and the technical effects brought by the present utility model can be further understood. However, it should be noted that the description of these embodiments is illustrative, and does not constitute a specific limitation to the present invention.

It can be seen from FIG. 1 that the locking mechanism is composed of a moving part 1, a supporting part 2, a locking part 3, a tension spring 61 and an unlocking mechanism 4.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the moving part 1 includes at least an engaging surface 11 and a moving part supporting surface 12 , the supporting part 2 at least includes a supporting part supporting surface 22 , a central axis 21 and a support frame 23 , and the locking part 3 at least includes a locking surface 31. The central hole 32, the distance between the locking surface 31 and the central hole 32 gradually increases from small to small, and the locking surface 31 is generally a curved surface structure with logarithmic spiral stretching. In order to increase the locking reliability, the meshing surface 11 and The locking surface 31 can be set as a rough textured surface as shown in FIG. 5 or a rough surface with concave and convex areas.

In FIG. 1 , the lower moving member supporting surface 12 of the moving member 1 slides along the prescribed direction on the supporting member supporting surface 22 , the upper engaging surface 11 and the locking surface 31 form a releasable contact fit, and the locking member 3 passes through the central hole 32 It forms a rotatable hinge with the central axis 21 on the support member 2, and the locking member 3 can rotate around the central axis 21. The tension spring 61 is connected with the locking members 3 on both sides, and applies the locking direction to the locking member 3 ( The left locking member 3 is the force of the F1+ direction, and the right locking member 3 is the F1- direction). Under the action of this locking force, the slider 1 can form locking in two directions. When the lock piece 1 forms a unidirectional lock, only one piece of the lock piece 3 can be used or the lock pieces 3 can be installed in the same direction.

In order to enable the locking mechanism to be unlocked, an unlocking mechanism 4 is provided to connect with the locking member 3, and at the same time, the unlocking mechanism 4 and the support frame 23 form a cylindrical or sliding connection that can move in a fixed direction. The movement drives the locking member 3 to overcome the locking force generated by the extension spring 61 , thereby unlocking the locking mechanism and enabling the moving member 1 to move in the direction of F1 .

Generally, in order to enable the unlocking mechanism 4 to drive a plurality of locking members 3, the transmission will be carried out in the form of toothed meshing, and the unlocking teeth 41 are provided on the unlocking mechanism 4, and the locking member 3 is also provided with the same. The mating meshing teeth 33 . Of course, it can also be linked through the link mechanism shown in Figure 4 or the slider chute structure shown in Figures 2 and 3, which is not limited to the transmission linkage unlocking of the toothed meshing structure.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the setting of the tension spring 61 can also be designed according to specific requirements. For example, it can be designed as the structure of the compression spring 62 shown in FIG. 2 , and the compression spring 62 is arranged between the unlocking mechanism 4 and the support frame 23 , through the cooperation of the compression spring 62 and the unlocking mechanism 4, the compression spring 62 generates an upward force, which drives the unlocking mechanism 4 to move upward, and the unlocking mechanism 4 drives the locking member 3 to the locking direction through the tooth meshing transmission or the link mechanism transmission. When unlocking, the external force is exerted on the locking mechanism 4 to overcome the spring force of the compression spring 62, and the locking member 3 is driven to the unlocking direction through the tooth meshing or the link mechanism. movement to realize the unlocking function of the locking mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 3 , torsion springs can also be provided and applied to the locking members 3 respectively, and the locking forces of the locking members 3 are provided by respective torsion springs 63 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the action principle of the locking mechanism of the present invention is that when the moving member 1 is in the required locking position, through the curved surface structure of the locking surface 31 on the locking member 3, and the tension generated by the tension spring 61 Under the action of the locking force, the moving part 1 is in the locking position, at this time, whether the moving part 1 is left or right, it is locked and cannot move. To make the moving piece 1 move leftward or rightward relative to the supporting piece 2, it is necessary to move the unlocking mechanism 4 downward to overcome the locking force generated by the tension spring 61 and drive the locking piece 3 to rotate in the unlocking direction , the locking member 3 is separated from the moving member 1, so that the moving member 1 can move. If it needs to be locked again, it is only necessary to restore the unlocking mechanism 4 to the original position, and the locking member 3 is locked by the tension spring 61. Under the action of the stop force, it contacts with the moving part 1 again and is in a locked state.

The locking mechanism of the present invention, because the locking surface 31 and the engaging surface 11 are both continuous, can realize the stepless locking adjustment, and at the same time when locking, the locking member 3 is under the action of the locking force exerted by the spring. , it will keep the moving part 1 in a locked state, and no gap will be generated. When used in a vibrating environment, there will be no collision noise. When the moving part 1 needs to move, the locking block will be separated from the slider. open, there will be no damping of the adjustment, and no friction noise will be produced.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A locking mechanism comprising a moving part, a supporting part and a locking part, characterized in that: the locking part is a fan-shaped structure, and the fan-shaped surface of the locking part is in contact with the moving part; the moving part is in the locking part. Or in the closed or semi-closed space formed by the locking member and the supporting member. 2 . The locking mechanism according to claim 1 , wherein the moving part is provided with an engaging surface contacting with the locking part, and the engaging surface can be a plane or a curved structure. 3 . 3. The locking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the number of the locking members is one or more, which are installed in the same or opposite directions. 4. The locking mechanism of claim 1, further comprising an elastic member, the elastic member includes two ends, and at least one end is connected to the locking member. 5. The locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: it further comprises an unlocking mechanism, at least one end of the unlocking mechanism is directly or indirectly connected with the locking member; Or an elastic member is arranged between the locking members. 6. The locking mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the unlocking mechanism is connected with the locking member through a link mechanism, a slider sliding groove mechanism or a toothed meshing mechanism. 7. The locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4 and 6, wherein the fan-shaped structure is an asymmetric fan-shaped structure, and its fan-shaped surface is a logarithmic spiral curved surface. 8. The locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4 and 6, wherein the fan-shaped surface is a rough textured surface or a rough surface of a concave-convex area. 9. A mechanical locking device, characterized in that it comprises the locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the moving part of the locking device is connected or integrated with the moving part, and the fixed part and the supporting part are integrated. Connect or set as one.

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