CN216518025U - Stay and establish top coal tunnel supporting construction - Google Patents
Stay and establish top coal tunnel supporting construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN216518025U CN216518025U CN202122651380.3U CN202122651380U CN216518025U CN 216518025 U CN216518025 U CN 216518025U CN 202122651380 U CN202122651380 U CN 202122651380U CN 216518025 U CN216518025 U CN 216518025U
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a roadway supporting structure with reserved top coal, which comprises a top plate part, solid coal side parts and hollow side parts, wherein the solid coal side parts and the hollow side parts are respectively arranged at two sides of the top plate part; the reserved top coal roadway supporting structure comprises a top plate anchor cable, a first slope long anchor cable, a second slope long anchor cable, a bottom angle anchor cable, a slope short anchor cable, a top plate grouting anchor rod, a bottom angle grouting anchor rod, a metal mesh, a concrete spray layer and a shed frame; according to the utility model, the stable structure of the section of the roadway is ensured by arranging the shed frame and the double-layer metal net, and meanwhile, the plurality of grouting anchor rods and the long anchor cables are arranged at the top, the long anchor cables have a better effect of controlling the direct roof separation layer, and the roof grouting can be used for cementing, reinforcing and filling the coal body of the loose separation layer, so that the occurrence of empty roof is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of roadway support, in particular to a roadway support structure with reserved top coal.
Background
The mining of most mining areas in China enters deep parts, more than 70% of deep roadways are arranged in coal seams, and for the 'reserved top coal sections' of the roadways, top coal with the thickness of 1-2 m is arranged above the roadways and needs to be controlled, otherwise, the top coal is easy to separate and fall off, and further, an upper rock stratum is separated, and the existing supporting method cannot form a good top protection effect and is large in harm.
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the inventors of the present invention have finally obtained the present invention through a long period of research and practice.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical defects, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that a roadway supporting structure with reserved top coal is provided and arranged in a roadway, the roadway comprises a top plate part, a solid coal side part and an edge hollow side part, the solid coal side part and the edge hollow side part are respectively arranged at two sides of the top plate part, the top plate part is arranged to be an arc top, and the connecting positions of the solid coal side part and the edge hollow side part and the top plate part are in arc transition;
the reserved top coal roadway supporting structure comprises a top plate anchor cable, a first slope long anchor cable, a second slope long anchor cable, a bottom corner anchor cable, a slope short anchor cable, a top plate grouting anchor rod, a bottom corner grouting anchor rod, a metal mesh, a concrete spray layer and a shed frame;
the top plate part, the solid coal side part and the edge hollow side part are respectively paved with double layers of metal nets, double-resistant cloth is bound on the metal nets, the surface of each metal net is provided with the concrete spraying layer, and the shed frame is in contact support with the concrete spraying layer;
the top plate part is provided with the top plate anchor cable and the top plate grouting anchor rod, the solid coal side part and the edge empty side part are respectively provided with the first slope long anchor cable, the second slope long anchor cable and the slope short anchor cable, and the solid coal side part and the edge empty side part are provided with the bottom angle anchor cable and the bottom angle grouting anchor rod.
Preferably, a top plate anchor cable group is arranged on the top plate part, the top plate anchor cable group comprises a plurality of top plate anchor cables which are linearly arranged, and the top plate anchor cable groups are arranged in parallel; the roof grouting anchor rods are linearly arranged on the roof part to form a plurality of roof grouting anchor rod groups, each roof grouting anchor rod group is arranged in parallel, and one roof grouting anchor rod group is arranged between the adjacent roof anchor cable groups.
Preferably, a first upper anchor cable group, a second upper anchor cable group and a third upper anchor cable group are arranged on each of the solid coal side portion and the edge hollow side portion, the first upper anchor cable group includes a plurality of linearly arranged first upper long anchor cables, the second upper anchor cable group includes a plurality of linearly arranged second upper long anchor cables, the third upper anchor cable group includes a plurality of linearly arranged upper short anchor cables, the first upper anchor cable group, the second upper anchor cable group and the third upper anchor cable group are arranged in a staggered and equidistant manner, and the third upper anchor cable group is arranged between the adjacent first upper anchor cable group and the second upper anchor cable group.
Preferably, for the arrangement of the distance between the side short anchor cables in the third side anchor cable group, the distance between the side short anchor cables on the side of the solid coal is greater than the distance between the side short anchor cables on the side of the edge space.
Preferably, a plurality of the bottom angle anchor cables are linearly arranged along the extending direction of the roadway at the bottom angle positions of the solid coal side part and the hollow side part to form a bottom angle anchor cable group; and the bottom angle grouting anchor rods are linearly arranged at the bottom angle positions of the solid coal side part and the hollow side part along the extending direction of the roadway to form bottom angle anchor rod groups, and the bottom angle anchor rod groups and the bottom angle anchor cable groups which are correspondingly arranged are collinear.
Preferably, the shed frame comprises a plurality of U-shaped supports linearly arranged along the roadway, each U-shaped support comprises a top section for supporting the top plate part and two side sections for supporting the side part of the solid coal and the side part along the hollow side part, each side section is provided with a first connecting end, each side section is provided with a second connecting end, and the first connecting ends and the second connecting ends are overlapped and fixed through clamping cables.
Preferably, the first connecting end and the second connecting end are fixed by at least three clamping cables, and the clamping cables between adjacent U-shaped brackets are connected by pull plates.
Preferably, the top plate anchor cable, the first side long anchor cable, the second side long anchor cable, the bottom corner anchor cable and the side short anchor cable are all connected with the shed frame through anchor frame short beams, two ends of each anchor frame short beam are respectively erected on two adjacent U-shaped supports, and anchor cable holes are formed in the middle of each anchor frame short beam.
Preferably, the U-shaped support and the anchor frame short beam are both made of U-shaped steel.
Preferably, the anchor frame short beam comprises a first beam body and a second beam body, the first beam body and the second beam body both adopt channel steel with the same cross section size, the length of the first beam body is greater than that of the second beam body, the center lines of the first beam body and the second beam body are collinear, notches of the first beam body and the second beam body are oppositely welded into a whole, the first beam body and the second beam body are provided with the anchor cable holes, and the anchor cable holes of the first beam body and the second beam body are coaxial; reinforcing plates are arranged at two ends of the first beam body and welded and fixed at the positions of notches at the end part of the first beam body; and guide plates are arranged at two ends of the second beam body, and the guide plates are obliquely arranged from the end part of the second beam body to the first beam body.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: according to the utility model, the stable structure of the section of the roadway is ensured by arranging the shed frame and the double-layer metal net, and meanwhile, the plurality of grouting anchor rods and the long anchor cables are arranged at the top, and the long anchor cables have a better effect on controlling the direct roof separation layer, because the coal above the roadway is easy to deform and loosen, and separate and cause the deformation separation layer of the rock layer above, the use of more long anchor cables has a great effect on controlling the direct roof separation layer, the roof grouting can perform cementation, reinforcement and filling on the coal body of the loose separation layer, so that the occurrence of empty roof is prevented, on one hand, the roof coal is ensured not to be empty and not loose, so that the pressure of an anchor cable tray is not released, and in addition, the separation layer of the direct roof is indirectly controlled.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the supporting structure of the coal top roadway;
FIG. 2 is a schematic construction view of the ceiling;
FIG. 3 is a schematic construction view of the side of the solid coal;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction structure along the side of the hollow part;
FIG. 5 is a view of the connection structure of the canopy frame;
FIG. 6 is a view of the connection structure of the anchor cable and the canopy frame;
fig. 7 is a structural view of the anchor frame short beam.
The figures in the drawings represent:
1-roof anchor cable; 2-first side long anchor cable; 3-a second side long anchor cable; 4-bottom angle anchor cable; 5-side short anchor cable; 6-roof grouting anchor rod; 7-grouting anchor rods at bottom angles; 8-shed frames; 9-anchor frame short beam; 10-a metal mesh; 11-spraying concrete layer; 81-U-shaped bracket; 82-card cable; 83-pulling the plate; 91-a first beam; 92-a second beam; 93-a reinforcing plate; 94-guide plate.
Detailed Description
The above and further features and advantages of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the supporting structure of the top coal roadway;
the reserved top coal roadway supporting structure is arranged in a roadway, the roadway comprises a top plate part, a solid coal side part and an edge hollow side part, the solid coal side part and the edge hollow side part are respectively arranged on two sides of the top plate part, the top plate part is provided with an arc top, and the connecting positions of the solid coal side part and the edge hollow side part and the top plate part are in arc transition;
stay and establish top coal tunnel supporting construction and include roof anchor rope 1, the long anchor rope of first group 2, the long anchor rope of second group 3, end angle anchor rope 4, the short anchor rope of group 5, roof slip casting stock 6, end angle slip casting stock 7, metal mesh 10, concrete spray layer 11, rack 8.
The roof portion the entity coal lateral part with all laid the bilayer on the empty lateral part of edge metal mesh 10, the ligature is provided with the dual-resistance cloth on the metal mesh 10, metal mesh 10 surface is provided with concrete spouts layer 11, rack 8 with concrete spouts layer 11 contact support.
The top plate part is provided with the top plate anchor cable 1 and the top plate grouting anchor rod 6, the solid coal side part and the edge hollow side part are respectively provided with the first slope long anchor cable 2, the second slope long anchor cable 3 and the slope short anchor cable 5, and the bottom angle anchor cable 4 and the bottom angle grouting anchor rod 7 are arranged at the solid coal side part and the edge hollow side part.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, fig. 2 is a construction structure diagram of the top plate part; FIG. 3 is a schematic construction view of the side of the solid coal; fig. 4 is a schematic view of the construction structure along the hollow side.
The roof plate anchor cable group is arranged on the roof plate portion and comprises a plurality of roof plate anchor cables 1 which are linearly arranged, and the roof plate anchor cables are arranged in parallel.
The solid coal side part and the edge hollow side part are respectively provided with a first slope anchor cable group, a second slope anchor cable group and a third slope anchor cable group, the first slope anchor cable group comprises a plurality of linearly arranged first slope long anchor cables 2, the second slope anchor cable group comprises a plurality of linearly arranged second slope long anchor cables 3, the third slope anchor cable group comprises a plurality of linearly arranged slope short anchor cables 5, the first slope anchor cable group, the second slope anchor cable group and the third slope anchor cable group are arranged in a staggered and equidistant mode, and the third slope anchor cable group is arranged between the adjacent first slope anchor cable group and the second slope anchor cable group.
And a plurality of bottom angle anchor cables 4 are linearly arranged at the bottom angle positions of the solid coal side part and the hollow side part along the extending direction of the roadway to form a bottom angle anchor cable group.
The top plate anchor cable 1 and the first side long anchor cable 2 are solid anchor cables, the second side long anchor cable 3 and the bottom angle anchor cable 4 are grouting anchor cables, preferably, the diameter sizes of the top plate anchor cable 1 and the first side long anchor cable 2 are the same, and the length of the top plate anchor cable 1 is greater than that of the first side long anchor cable 2; the diameter sizes of the second side long anchor cable 3 and the bottom angle anchor cable 4 are the same, the length sizes of the first side long anchor cable 2, the second side long anchor cable 3 and the bottom angle anchor cable 4 are the same, and the diameter size of the second side long anchor cable 3 is larger than that of the first side long anchor cable 2.
The top plate anchor cables 1 on the top plate anchor cable group are symmetrically arranged with the center line of the top plate part.
Preferably, for the distance arrangement of the side short anchor cables 5 in the third side anchor cable group, the distance between the side short anchor cables 5 on the side portion of the solid coal is greater than the distance between the side short anchor cables 5 on the side portion of the edge space.
The roof grouting anchor rods 6 are arranged on the top plate portion in a linear mode to form a plurality of roof grouting anchor rod groups, the roof grouting anchor rod groups are arranged in parallel, the roof grouting anchor rod groups are arranged between the adjacent roof anchor cable groups, and the roof grouting anchor rods 6 are left-handed non-longitudinal rib deformed steel anchor rods.
And a plurality of bottom angle grouting anchor rods 7 are linearly arranged at the bottom angle positions of the solid coal side part and the hollow side part along the extending direction of the roadway to form bottom angle anchor rod groups, and the bottom angle anchor rod groups and the bottom angle anchor cables 4 which are correspondingly arranged are collinear.
As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a view of a connection structure of the canopy frame; preferably, the canopy frame 8 includes a plurality of U-shaped brackets 81 arranged linearly along the roadway, each U-shaped bracket 81 includes a top section for supporting the top plate portion and two side sections for supporting the side portion of the solid coal and the side portion along the hollow side portion, the side sections are provided with first connection ends, the side sections are provided with second connection ends, and the first connection ends and the second connection ends are overlapped and fixed by cable clamps 82.
Preferably, the first connecting end and the second connecting end are fixed by at least three clamping cables 82, and the clamping cables 82 between adjacent U-shaped brackets 81 are connected by a pulling plate 83, so as to ensure stable positions between the adjacent U-shaped brackets 81 and avoid deformation of the canopy frame 8.
According to the utility model, the stable structure of the section of the roadway is ensured by arranging the shed frame and the double-layer metal net, and meanwhile, the plurality of grouting anchor rods and the long anchor cables are arranged at the top, and the long anchor cables have a better effect on controlling the direct roof separation layer, because the coal above the roadway is easy to deform and loosen, and separate and cause the deformation separation layer of the rock layer above, the use of more long anchor cables has a great effect on controlling the direct roof separation layer, the roof grouting can perform cementation, reinforcement and filling on the coal body of the loose separation layer, so that the occurrence of empty roof is prevented, on one hand, the roof coal is ensured not to be empty and not loose, so that the pressure of an anchor cable tray is not released, and in addition, the separation layer of the direct roof is indirectly controlled.
Example two
As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a view of a connection structure of the anchor cable and the canopy frame; the roof anchor cable 1, the first side long anchor cable 2, the second side long anchor cable 3, the bottom corner anchor cable 4 and the side short anchor cable 5 are all connected with the shed frame 8 through anchor frame short beams 9, specifically, two ends of each anchor frame short beam 9 are respectively erected on two adjacent U-shaped supports 81, anchor cable holes are formed in the middle of each anchor frame short beam 9 and used for penetrating through the roof anchor cable 1, the first side long anchor cable 2, the second side long anchor cable 3, the bottom corner anchor cable 4 and the anchor cables on the side short anchor cables 5, and anchor cable trays are clamped and fixed on the anchor frame short beams 9.
Specifically, the U-shaped support 81 and the anchor frame short beam 9 are both made of U-shaped steel.
As shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a structural view of the anchor frame short beam; preferably, for a part of the anchor frame short beam 9 to be structurally reinforced, the anchor frame short beam 9 is manufactured by welding, the anchor frame short beam 9 includes a first beam 91 and a second beam 92, the first beam 91 and the second beam 92 both adopt channel steel with the same cross section size, the length of the first beam 91 is greater than that of the second beam 92, the center lines of the first beam 91 and the second beam 92 are collinear, notches of the first beam 91 and the second beam 92 are relatively welded into a whole, the anchor cable holes are respectively formed in the first beam 91 and the second beam 92, and the anchor cable holes of the first beam 91 and the second beam 92 are coaxial.
First roof beam body 91 both ends are provided with reinforcing plate 93, reinforcing plate 93 welded fastening is in the notch position of first roof beam body 91 tip to increase the structural strength at first roof beam body 91 both ends.
The two ends of the second beam body 92 are provided with guide plates 94, the guide plates 94 are obliquely arranged from the end part of the second beam body 92 to the first beam body 91, and the connection strength of the first beam body 91 and the second beam body 92 is enhanced, and meanwhile, the two ends of the anchor frame short beam 9 are stably lapped with the corresponding U-shaped supports 81.
Generally, the length of the second beam 92 is smaller than the distance between two adjacent U-shaped brackets 81, and the length of the first beam 91 is larger than the distance between two adjacent U-shaped brackets 81, so that the second beam 92 is disposed between two U-shaped brackets 81, the guide plate 94 contacts with the arc surface of two U-shaped brackets 81, and the two ends of the first beam 91 are overlapped on the top surface of the U-shaped brackets 81.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the utility model, which is intended to be illustrative and not limiting. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications and equivalents may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A roadway supporting structure with reserved top coal is characterized by being arranged in a roadway, wherein the roadway comprises a top plate part, a solid coal side part and an edge hollow side part, the solid coal side part and the edge hollow side part are respectively arranged on two sides of the top plate part, the top plate part is arranged to be an arc top, and the connecting positions of the solid coal side part and the edge hollow side part and the top plate part are in arc transition;
the reserved top coal roadway supporting structure comprises a top plate anchor cable, a first slope long anchor cable, a second slope long anchor cable, a bottom corner anchor cable, a slope short anchor cable, a top plate grouting anchor rod, a bottom corner grouting anchor rod, a metal mesh, a concrete spray layer and a shed frame;
the top plate part, the solid coal side part and the edge hollow side part are respectively paved with double layers of metal nets, double-resistant cloth is bound on the metal nets, the surface of each metal net is provided with the concrete spraying layer, and the shed frame is in contact support with the concrete spraying layer;
the top plate part is provided with the top plate anchor cable and the top plate grouting anchor rod, the solid coal side part and the edge empty side part are respectively provided with the first slope long anchor cable, the second slope long anchor cable and the slope short anchor cable, and the bottom angle anchor cable and the bottom angle grouting anchor rod are arranged at the solid coal side part and the edge empty side part bottom angle position.
2. A coal roadway support structure with a top plate as in claim 1, wherein a top plate anchor cable set is arranged on the top plate part, the top plate anchor cable set comprises a plurality of top plate anchor cables which are linearly arranged, and the top plate anchor cable sets are arranged in parallel; the roof grouting anchor rods are arranged on the roof plate in a linear mode to form a plurality of roof grouting anchor rod groups, each roof grouting anchor rod group is arranged in parallel, and one roof grouting anchor rod group is arranged between the adjacent roof anchor cable groups.
3. A coal roadway support structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein a first upper anchor cable group, a second upper anchor cable group and a third upper anchor cable group are arranged on each of the solid coal side portion and the side edge portion, the first upper anchor cable group comprises a plurality of linearly arranged first upper long anchor cables, the second upper anchor cable group comprises a plurality of linearly arranged second upper long anchor cables, the third upper anchor cable group comprises a plurality of linearly arranged upper short anchor cables, the first upper anchor cable group and the second upper anchor cable group are staggered and equidistantly arranged, and the third upper anchor cable group is arranged between the adjacent first upper anchor cable group and the second upper anchor cable group.
4. A coal roadway support structure for retaining roof as claimed in claim 3, wherein spacing is provided between the side short anchor cables in the third side anchor cable group, and the spacing of the side short anchor cables on the solid coal side is greater than the spacing of the side short anchor cables on the hollow side.
5. The left-over roof coal roadway support structure of claim 2, wherein a plurality of the bottom angle anchor cables are linearly arranged along the extending direction of the roadway at the bottom angle positions of the solid coal side part and the hollow side part to form a bottom angle anchor cable group; and a plurality of bottom angle grouting anchor rods are linearly arranged at the bottom angle positions of the solid coal side part and the hollow side part along the extending direction of the roadway to form bottom angle anchor rod groups, and the bottom angle anchor rod groups and the bottom angle anchor cable groups which are correspondingly arranged are collinear.
6. A roof coal roadway support structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein said canopy frame comprises a plurality of U-shaped brackets linearly arranged along said roadway, said U-shaped brackets including a top section for supporting said roof portion and two side sections for supporting said solid coal side portion and said side portion along the empty side portion, said side sections being provided with first connection ends, said side sections being provided with second connection ends, said first connection ends and said second connection ends being overlapped and fixed by clips.
7. A coal roadway supporting structure as claimed in claim 6, wherein said first connecting end and said second connecting end are fixed by at least three said cable clamps, and said cable clamps between adjacent U-shaped brackets are connected by tie plates.
8. The left top coal roadway support structure of claim 6, wherein the top anchor cables, the first side long anchor cables, the second side long anchor cables, the bottom corner anchor cables and the side short anchor cables are all connected with the shed frame through anchor frame short beams, two ends of each anchor frame short beam are respectively erected on two adjacent U-shaped supports, and anchor cable holes are formed in the middles of the anchor frame short beams.
9. A coal roadway supporting structure with a reserved roof as claimed in claim 8, wherein the U-shaped supports and the anchor frame short beams are both made of U-shaped steel.
10. The coal roadway support structure for leaving a roof as in claim 8, wherein the anchor frame short beam comprises a first beam body and a second beam body, the first beam body and the second beam body are both made of channel steel with the same cross section dimension, the length of the first beam body is greater than that of the second beam body, the center lines of the first beam body and the second beam body are collinear, notches of the first beam body and the second beam body are welded into a whole relatively, the anchor cable holes are formed in the first beam body and the second beam body, and the anchor cable holes of the first beam body and the second beam body are coaxial; reinforcing plates are arranged at two ends of the first beam body and welded and fixed at the positions of notches at the end part of the first beam body; and guide plates are arranged at two ends of the second beam body, and the guide plates are obliquely arranged from the end part of the second beam body to the first beam body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122651380.3U CN216518025U (en) | 2021-11-01 | 2021-11-01 | Stay and establish top coal tunnel supporting construction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122651380.3U CN216518025U (en) | 2021-11-01 | 2021-11-01 | Stay and establish top coal tunnel supporting construction |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216518025U true CN216518025U (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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ID=81527885
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122651380.3U Active CN216518025U (en) | 2021-11-01 | 2021-11-01 | Stay and establish top coal tunnel supporting construction |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN216518025U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-11-01 CN CN202122651380.3U patent/CN216518025U/en active Active
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