CN216518024U - Quick supporting device for reducing early settlement of shallow-buried underground tunnel - Google Patents
Quick supporting device for reducing early settlement of shallow-buried underground tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN216518024U CN216518024U CN202120217226.2U CN202120217226U CN216518024U CN 216518024 U CN216518024 U CN 216518024U CN 202120217226 U CN202120217226 U CN 202120217226U CN 216518024 U CN216518024 U CN 216518024U
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- air cushion
- shallow
- arch
- settlement
- buried underground
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 101150097977 arch-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
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- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a quick supporting device for reducing early settlement of a shallow-buried underground tunnel. The construction method of the rapid supporting device for reducing early settlement of the shallow-buried underground tunnel comprises the following steps: (a) measuring contour lines after tunnel excavation, and calculating overexcavation data and positions; (b) erecting an arch center, wherein the top of the arch center is provided with an uninflated air cushion; (c) after the arch frame is erected, inflating the air cushion to enable the air cushion to support the surrounding rock; (d) spraying concrete to the arch frame to fill the space except the air cushion with the concrete; (e) taking out the air cushion; (f) and (5) filling concrete into the original position of the air cushion. Therefore, the plurality of air cushions are arranged at the top of the arch frame, transitional support is provided for the surrounding rock by utilizing the air cushions, initial settlement of the surrounding rock is restrained, and deformation and stability of the initial surrounding rock are effectively controlled before the guniting process is completed.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a quick supporting device for reducing early settlement of a shallow-buried underground excavation tunnel.
Background
When the tunnel engineering is built, if the deformation and the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock at the initial stage cannot be effectively controlled, the tunnel engineering construction and the surrounding environment thereof are extremely adversely affected, severe people cause the instability and the damage of the tunnel surrounding rock, and the orderly proceeding of the safety and the construction of workers is endangered. Especially in downtown areas, underground pipelines, ground structures, traffic, etc. are very sensitive to settlement. The step method in the construction tunnel project is a commonly used construction method, when excavating the upper step in the step method, according to excavating, erect the arch frame (including mounting the net piece, setting up the leading small conduit, locking the anchor pipe of the foot, longitudinal tie bar), the guniting is walked three times; the condition of overexcavation can not avoid appearing during the excavation, has the certain distance between country rock and the bow member, consequently need carry out whitewashing (shotcrete) to the space between bow member and the country rock, supports the country rock through concrete and bow member to this avoids the country rock transition to subside.
However, in actual construction, after a tunnel is excavated, because a certain time is required for erecting an arch frame and spraying concrete, and the sprayed concrete is often difficult to cling to surrounding rocks, after excavation and unloading, the surrounding rocks continuously deform, most of the surrounding rocks are subjected to multiple cyclic footings, and a system of the sprayed concrete and the arch frame is only in intimate contact with the surrounding rocks and starts to bear force, so that initial settlement of the surrounding rocks cannot be restrained, the settlement of the surrounding rocks is large, early settlement is a main part of the whole settlement, and after thirty years of experience accumulation, the total settlement of a subsurface tunnel is proved to be divided into four stages: the method is characterized in that 10% of settlement before a buried point is detected in the first stage, 60% of settlement before an upper step is excavated, 60% of upper step is excavated, the bottom of the third stage is 20%, and 10% of settlement in the later stage of the fourth stage is controlled by faster support, and early rapid settlement deformation accounting for 60% of total settlement is a new higher requirement of people on the environment in the new generation, and the method for repairing the ground and related facilities after first settlement is not accepted in the past. And excessive settlement brings hidden danger to the stability of the tunnel, and the ground above the tunnel collapses and buildings and pipelines are damaged when the consequences are serious, so that huge casualties and property loss are caused.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to solve the above problems to at least a certain extent, and provides a fast supporting device for reducing early settlement of a shallow underground excavated tunnel, which can avoid the problem that initial settlement of surrounding rocks is difficult to be suppressed when a tunnel project is built. The method is an integrated innovation of interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary knowledge based on scientific principles and experience accumulation after the traditional process is applied for many years, and has a great development significance.
The technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a reduce shallow quick strutting arrangement who digs tunnel early subsides that buries secretly, includes the bow member, the top interval of bow member is provided with a plurality of air cushions.
As a further alternative of the quick supporting device for reducing early-stage settlement of the shallow-buried underground excavation tunnel, the air cushion is in a trapezoid shape after being filled with air.
As a further alternative of the quick supporting device for reducing the early settlement of the shallow-buried underground tunnel, each air cushion is provided with an inflatable branch pipe, and all the inflatable branch pipes are communicated with an inflatable main pipe.
As a further alternative of the quick supporting device for reducing early settlement of the shallow-buried underground tunnel, the arch frame is a grid steel frame or a profile steel frame.
As a further alternative to the rapid bracing means to reduce early settlement in a shallow-buried undercut tunnel, the air cushion is secured to the arch by straps.
As a further alternative of the rapid supporting device for reducing early settlement of the shallow-buried underground tunnel, a clamping groove formed by surrounding a steel plate is arranged in the arch center, the opening of the clamping groove faces upwards, and the air cushion is arranged in the clamping groove.
The utility model has the following beneficial effects: the air cushions are arranged at the top of the arch center, transitional support is provided for the surrounding rock by the air cushions, initial settlement of the surrounding rock is restrained, and deformation and stability of the initial surrounding rock are effectively controlled before the guniting process is completed. In addition, the early sedimentation deformation is controlled, the required supporting force is smaller than that after the deformation, and the self bearing capacity of the surrounding rock can be adjusted to the maximum extent. The air cushion is used for assisting to support the surrounding rock as soon as possible, and the effect of four or two lifting jacks is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rapid supporting device for reducing early settlement of a shallow-buried underground tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection between multiple cushions;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the card slot;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an arch after tunnel excavation (the air cushion on the arch is not inflated);
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the inflated cushion of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of FIG. 5 after guniting;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view after completion of slurry replenishment of FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the tunnel construction.
Wherein, 1, an arch frame; 11. a card slot; 2. an air cushion; 21. an inflation branch pipe; 22. an inflation manifold.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Referring to fig. 1, a rapid supporting device for reducing early settlement of a shallow underground excavation tunnel is shown, which comprises an arch frame 1, wherein the top of the arch frame 1 is provided with a plurality of air cushions 2 at intervals. Wherein, the arch 1 can be a grid steel frame or a section steel frame.
Specifically, when a tunnel project is built, a step method is used for excavating an upper step, and the excavating procedure comprises excavating the upper step and then cleaning soil; the time for cleaning soil is about 1 hour, the time for erecting the arch centering process is about 1.5 hours, and the time for spraying the slurry is about 2.5 hours; therefore, after excavation, the support of the surrounding rock can be completed within about 5 hours under the condition of smooth construction, so that the settlement of the surrounding rock is large, and hidden danger is brought to the stability of the tunnel; after the rapid supporting device is adopted, the air cushion 2 can be inflated after the arch frame is erected, and the air cushion 2 is rapidly formed to rapidly provide support for surrounding rocks; compared with the original construction method, the method can provide support for the surrounding rock 2-3 hours in advance, inhibit the settlement of the surrounding rock at the initial stage, and effectively control the deformation and stability of the surrounding rock at the initial stage before the guniting process is completed; avoid tunnel country rock unstability destruction.
It should be noted that the whole sedimentation is divided into four stages: 10% in the first stage (sedimentation not measured before burying points), 60% in the second stage (early sedimentation during upper step excavation vertical arch guniting), 20% in the third stage and 10% in the fourth stage; according to the industry internal control early deformation theory, the excavation contour line and the arch center are required to be closely attached to form the stress state of the arch center as early as possible; the utility model utilizes the rapid supporting device to control the early rapid sedimentation deformation accounting for 60 percent of the total sedimentation, and shortens the sealing time by using gas for rapid filling.
In the above scheme, the shape of the air cushion 2 after being filled with air can be a trapezoid body with a large lower part and a small upper part; wherein the air cushion is arranged into a trapezoidal body so as to be convenient for folding the air cushion; the size of the air cushion can be flexibly set according to the size and the shape of the conventional arch center 1 and the general overbreak condition; the embodiment provides air cushions of type A and type B, wherein the length and width of the bottom surface of the air cushion of type A is 30cm multiplied by 20cm, and the height is 50 cm; the length and width of the bottom surface of the B-type air cushion are 30cm multiplied by 20cm, and the height is 20 cm; type a and type B differ in height; when only the A-type air cushion is used for construction, if the overbreak condition is larger than the height of the A-type air cushion; a type and B type can be combined for construction, and the gap between the arch center and the excavation outline can be effectively supported by stacking the B type on the A type.
In the above scheme, in order to further accelerate the support of the surrounding rock, referring to fig. 2, each air cushion 2 is provided with an inflation branch pipe 21, and all inflation branch pipes 21 are communicated with an inflation main pipe 22. In this way, all the air cushions 2 on the arch center 1 are inflated through the inflation main pipe 22, the inflation speed is high, and the air cushions 2 are rapidly formed. Wherein, air valves can be arranged on the inflation branch pipe 21 or/and the inflation main pipe 22 to control the deflation of all the air cushions 2 or a specific air cushion 2.
In the above embodiment, the air cushion 2 may be fixed to the arch frame 1 by a strap; referring to fig. 3, a clamping groove 11 is formed in the arch center 1, the clamping groove 11 is formed by surrounding steel plates or steel bars and has an upward opening, and the air cushion 2 is loaded through the clamping groove 11 to prevent the air cushion 2 from falling off the arch center 1; of course, other structures can be adopted to fix the air cushion 2 on the arch center 1, so long as the stable position of the air cushion 2 is ensured, the air cushion cannot fall off from the arch center 1, and good support can be provided for surrounding rocks.
The construction method of the rapid supporting device for reducing early settlement of the shallow-buried underground tunnel comprises the following steps:
measuring a contour line after tunnel excavation, and calculating overexcavation data and positions;
referring to fig. 4, step (b), erecting an arch 1, the top of the arch 1 being provided with an uninflated air cushion 2; in the step (b), the constructor can set the air cushions at proper positions on the arch according to the overbreak data and the position of the tunnel excavation, and when the height of one air cushion 2 is not enough to support the surrounding rock, the air cushion 2 is superposed on the air cushion 2. In other words, if the height of the air cushions 2 is 50cm, and the overexcavation condition at some positions is greater than 50cm, two or more air cushions 2 can be stacked at the positions, according to the actual conditions. It goes without saying that, when erecting the arch 1, it is necessary to support the arch springing of the arch 1 well, ensuring that said arch 1 does not sag.
Referring to fig. 5, in step (c), after the arch frame 1 is erected, the air cushion 2 is inflated to make the air cushion 2 support the surrounding rock;
referring to fig. 6, step (d), spraying concrete to the arch frame 1 to fill the space outside the air cushion 2 with concrete; in the step (d), due to the existence of the air cushion, the first concrete spraying amount is reduced, the ring-forming closing time is shortened, and the self weight of the arch support is reduced.
Step (e), taking out the air cushion 2; in step (e), the air cushion 2 is deflated, and then the deflated air cushion 2 is withdrawn.
Referring to fig. 7, in step (f), the slurry is filled and the position where the air cushion 2 is originally located is filled with concrete.
Therefore, the plurality of air cushions 2 are arranged at the top of the arch center 1, transitional support is provided for the surrounding rocks by the air cushions 2, initial settlement of the surrounding rocks is restrained, and initial deformation and stability of the surrounding rocks are effectively controlled before the guniting process is completed.
Referring to fig. 8, when the tunnel engineering is built, the tunnel engineering is built by sections according to a certain distance, each excavation supporting is performed in one cycle, and in order to accelerate the building of the tunnel engineering, in two successive cycles, after the steps (a) to (d) are completed in the previous cycle, excavation supporting of the next cycle is started, and after the steps (a) to (c) are completed in the next cycle, the steps (e) and (f) are returned to the previous cycle, and the construction is performed in successive cycles. In this way, it is possible to provide a setting time for the concrete in the step (d) in the previous cycle and to provide conditions for the simultaneous execution of the grout replenishment in the step (f) in the previous cycle and the grout spraying in the step (d) in the next cycle.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A rapid supporting device for reducing early settlement of a shallow-buried underground tunnel is characterized by comprising an arch center, wherein a plurality of air cushions are arranged at the top of the arch center at intervals; the arch center is internally provided with a clamping groove formed by surrounding a steel plate, the opening of the clamping groove is upward, and the air cushion is arranged in the clamping groove.
2. The rapid bracing apparatus for reducing early settlement of a shallow-buried underground tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the air cushion is trapezoid after being filled with air.
3. The rapid bracing apparatus for reducing early settlement of a shallow-buried underground tunnel according to claim 1, wherein each of the air cushions is provided with an inflation branch pipe, and all the inflation branch pipes are communicated with an inflation main pipe.
4. The rapid bracing apparatus for reducing early settlement of a shallow-buried underground tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the arch is a grid steel frame or a profile steel frame.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120217226.2U CN216518024U (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Quick supporting device for reducing early settlement of shallow-buried underground tunnel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120217226.2U CN216518024U (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Quick supporting device for reducing early settlement of shallow-buried underground tunnel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216518024U true CN216518024U (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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ID=81461894
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120217226.2U Expired - Fee Related CN216518024U (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Quick supporting device for reducing early settlement of shallow-buried underground tunnel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN216518024U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-01-27 CN CN202120217226.2U patent/CN216518024U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20220513 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |