CN216502937U - Device for reducing explosive welding charge by melting intermediate layer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for reducing explosive welding explosive loading by melting an intermediate layer. The middle layer is prepared by adopting chemical plating or placing a foil plate. The intermediate layer can be prepared by adopting a method of electroless copper plating and silver plating. The middle layer can be copper or silver foil with the thickness of less than 100 mu m. The foil plate adopted by the middle layer can use national standard thickness. The foil plate used in the middle layer can be simply arranged on the surface of the substrate or has a small distance with the substrate. The thickness of the middle layer is more than 1 μm, which ensures that the middle layer is thick enough to support the welding of the substrate and the composite board. The intermediate layer is made of a metal material with a low melting point, and the melting of the metal with the low melting point is used for replacing the melting of the substrate and the clad plate material.

Description

Device for reducing explosive welding charge by melting intermediate layer

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field related to an explosion welding technology, in particular to a device for reducing explosive welding charge by melting an intermediate layer.

Background

With the development of industry, the amount of metal materials used has increased year by year. Ferrous metals, nonferrous metals, and specialty metals all have their unique performance advantages and application environments. Metals such as metallic titanium can form a dense oxide film on the surface thereof, and thus have excellent moisture chloride ion resistance. The metal materials used in the chemical and marine industries often need to face the application environment of strong acid, strong base and high salt content, so that the titanium metal has extremely high use value compared with materials such as stainless steel and the like. However, titanium and titanium alloys have high extraction difficulty and processing difficulty, which results in high material price. Large vessels and pipes often require only corrosion resistance of the inner surfaces, and these devices are expensive and completely unnecessary to manufacture entirely from non-ferrous metals. Therefore, the metal composite plate can be produced.

The metal composite board is formed by compounding two or even a plurality of metal plates, and combines the performance advantages of a plurality of materials to be applied to corresponding environments. The composite board may be produced through explosion welding, smelting rolling and other technological process. Wherein, the explosive welding is a welding technology which realizes the material compounding by using explosive explosion energy. The composite board is accelerated to move by the sliding shock wave generated by explosion, so that the composite board impacts the substrate at high speed. The violent collision between the materials generates extremely high temperature and pressure on the corresponding surfaces of the materials, and the high temperature and the high pressure enable interface metals to be melted by dozens of micrometers so as to realize metallurgical bonding of the metal materials. Materials with high hardness and high melting points, such as titanium and steel, require higher collision velocities to produce metal melting than copper and aluminum. In explosive welding production, high collision velocities are often achieved by increasing the amount of explosive used, which results in an increase in explosive welding charge.

In view of the problems of the prior art, the prior patent literature also proposes some solutions. The Chinese patent with application number of 201610806011.8 discloses a method for improving the weldability of explosion welding of large-thickness high-strength alloy, aiming at reducing the implementation difficulty of explosion welding of large-thickness high-strength alloy, enlarging the weldability window of explosion welding of high-thickness composite plates and reducing the use amount and use strength energy of explosion welding explosives. The method utilizes a high-temperature heat treatment method to obtain a solid-solution-state material with small grain size before explosive welding. The method of electroplating, explosive welding or thermal spraying is selected on the surface of the substrate or an intermediate layer with the thickness of 0.5-1mm is arranged on the surface of the substrate, so that the tendency of generating hard and brittle intermetallic compounds on a welding interface can be reduced. The prior heat treatment of the composite plate material can cause the change of the grain size, the mechanical property and the like of the metal material, but the change is not completely beneficial and necessary for the use environment and the explosive welding effect of the final composite plate. Meanwhile, the high temperature heat treatment process usually requires a high temperature of about thousand degrees and a heat preservation and annealing time of several hours, which causes energy waste and environmental pollution. The electroplating method produces an intermediate layer that is non-uniform in thickness, may have large pinholes, and requires power supply equipment. Explosive welding or thermal spraying processes produce thicker interlayers. Reducing this thickness of intermetallic compounds produced in the molten metal at the weld interface is somewhat wasteful compared to several tens of microns of molten metal at the weld interface. If an intermediate layer with the thickness of 0.5-1mm is arranged on the surface of the substrate, the composite plate can collide with the intermediate layer to realize welding during explosive welding. However, there is no relative velocity between the intermediate layer and the substrate, and the collision energy cannot melt the intermediate layer with such a thickness, which results in no welding between the intermediate layer and the substrate.

The application number 201310282589.4 discloses a structural explosive special for explosive cladding, an explosive cladding method and an explosive cladding device, which aim at the problems of extremely low energy utilization rate, inconvenient operation, difficulty in ensuring the explosive loading quality and the like of the existing explosive cladding. The Chinese patent with the application number of 201710177875.2 discloses a self-restraint explosive welding device with high energy utilization rate, and aims to solve the problems of low explosive energy utilization rate in the traditional explosive cladding, potential safety hazards of flying of composite plates in double-sided explosive cladding and the like. However, both devices focus more on the welding device and the welding explosive, and neither device proposes an improvement in the surface of the substrate.

Therefore, the utility model provides a device for reducing explosive welding charge by melting an intermediate layer, which solves the problem of large explosive welding charge of materials with high hardness, strength and the like. The device has practiced thrift the explosive welding charge of high rigidity material under the prerequisite that uses less cost, simultaneously through the reduction of explosive use amount, reduces influences such as noise, vibrations that the explosion produced.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a device for reducing explosive welding explosive loading by utilizing a melting intermediate layer, which aims to solve the problem of large explosive loading when high-hardness and high-strength materials such as titanium and steel are subjected to explosive welding and reduce the influence of noise, vibration and the like caused by high explosive loading. The explosive welding forms about dozens of microns of molten metal between the base plates, and the molten metal is cooled within micron time to realize the welding of metal materials. According to this property, the device is formed by electroless plating of a low-melting-point plating layer such as copper or silver or simply placing a low-melting-point metal foil plate having a thickness of 100 μm or less as an intermediate layer of the soldering device on the substrate. When the multiple plates strike the intermediate layer, the very thin intermediate layer is completely melted. The advantage that the energy required by melting the low-melting-point metal is smaller is utilized, and the requirement on the speed of the composite plate is reduced, so that the use amount of the explosive is reduced. Meanwhile, the influence of noise, vibration and the like generated by explosion is reduced by reducing the using amount of the explosive.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:

a device for reducing explosive welding charge by melting an intermediate layer comprises an explosive, a detonator, a composite plate, a gap column, the intermediate layer and a substrate. The device can adopt a parallel mounting structure and an angle mounting structure. The explosive can be low detonation velocity explosive. The detonator can be an electric detonator, a nonel detonator and a digital electronic detonator. The compound plate is placed below the explosive, and protection can be arranged on the contact surface of the compound plate and the explosive so as to reduce the burning of the explosive to the compound plate. The gap column can be made of thin copper columns, w-shaped metal materials and v-shaped metal materials and is responsible for supporting the composite plate to achieve the relative distance between the substrate and the composite plate. The middle layer is prepared by adopting chemical plating or placing a foil plate. The intermediate layer can be prepared by adopting a method of electroless copper plating and silver plating. The middle layer can be copper or silver foil with the thickness of less than 100 mu m. The foil plate adopted by the middle layer can use national standard thickness. The foil plate adopted by the middle layer can be arranged on the inner surface of the substrate or the composite plate or between the substrate and the composite plate. The thickness of the middle layer is more than 1 μm, which ensures that the middle layer is thick enough to support the welding of the substrate and the composite board. The intermediate layer is made of a metal material with a low melting point, and the melting of the metal with the low melting point is used for replacing the melting of the substrate and the clad plate material. The substrate can be placed on an explosive tank or the ground.

The device can help reduce the explosive welding charge of the high-melting-point and mechanical-property material. The method can reduce the requirement of the speed of the composite plate caused by melting of high-melting-point and mechanical-property materials, thereby reducing the explosive welding explosive loading and environmental pollution caused by the increase of the explosive loading. The time cost and the economic cost of explosive welding of the high-melting-point metal are reduced under the condition of using extremely low cost, and the method has higher economic value and practical value.

The device completely meets the explosive welding of high-melting-point metal, and can provide powerful support for reducing the loading amount of the high-melting-point metal. Meanwhile, the explosive usage amount of the existing explosive welding is reduced, the defect of large waste is overcome, and the welding efficiency is improved. The technology and the equipment have remarkable economic benefit and the characteristic of energy conservation and emission reduction, and the popularization and the application of the technology and the equipment are believed to have wide market prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a parallel mounting arrangement of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the angle mounting structure of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device for reducing explosive welding charge by melting the intermediate layer comprises an explosive 1, a detonator 2, a clad plate 3, a gap post 4, an intermediate layer 5 and a base plate 6. The device can adopt a parallel mounting structure and an angle mounting structure. The explosive 1 can be low-detonation-velocity explosive. The detonator 2 can adopt an electric detonator, a nonel detonator and a digital electronic detonator. The compound plate 3 is placed below the explosive 1, and protection can be arranged on the contact surface of the compound plate 3 and the explosive 1 so as to reduce the burning of the compound plate 3 caused by the explosive 1. The gap column 4 can be made of thin copper columns, w-shaped metal materials and v-shaped metal materials and is responsible for supporting the double plate 3 to realize the relative distance between the substrate 6 and the double plate 3. The middle layer 5 is prepared by adopting chemical plating or placing a foil plate. The intermediate layer 5 can be prepared by adopting a method of electroless copper plating and silver plating. The middle layer 5 can adopt copper and silver foil with the thickness of less than 100 mu m. The foil plate adopted by the middle layer 5 can use national standard thickness. The foil plate adopted by the middle layer 5 can be arranged on the inner surface of the substrate 6 or the composite plate 3 or between the substrate 6 and the composite plate 3. The thickness of the intermediate layer 5 is more than 1 μm, which ensures that the intermediate layer 5 is thick enough to support the welding of the substrate 6 and the composite board 3. The intermediate layer 5 should be made of a metal material with a low melting point, and melting of the metal with the low melting point is used for replacing melting of the substrate and the clad plate material. The base plate 6 can be placed on the explosion tank or the ground.

During the use process, a proper chemical plating layer or a metal foil plate is selected. For a material such as Q235 steel that is easy to use electroless plating, a copper plating layer may be used as the intermediate layer 5. As the intermediate layer 5, a copper foil can be used for a material such as stainless steel which is not easily used for electroless plating. The intermediate layer 5 is prepared before explosion welding. The base plate 6, the gap column 4, the compound plate 3, the detonator 2 and the explosive 1 are sequentially arranged and then placed on an explosion tank body or the ground. The explosive welding device can be installed horizontally or at an angle.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the utility model as claimed. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (5)

1. A device for reducing explosive welding charge by melting an intermediate layer comprises an explosive, a detonator, a composite plate, a gap column, the intermediate layer and a substrate; the method is characterized in that: the middle layer is prepared by adopting chemical plating or placing a foil plate; the intermediate layer is made of a metal material with a low melting point, and the melting of the metal with the low melting point is used for replacing the melting of the substrate and the clad plate material.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 for reducing explosive welding loads by melting the intermediate layer, wherein: the foil plate adopted by the middle layer can be arranged on the inner surface of the substrate or the composite plate or between the substrate and the composite plate.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 for reducing explosive welding loads by melting the intermediate layer, wherein: the intermediate layer can be prepared by adopting a method of electroless copper plating and silver plating.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 for reducing explosive welding loads by melting the intermediate layer, wherein: the middle layer can adopt copper and silver foils with the thickness of less than 100 mu m; the foil plate adopted by the middle layer can use national standard thickness.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 for reducing explosive welding loads by melting the intermediate layer, wherein: the thickness of the middle layer is more than 1 μm, which ensures that the middle layer is thick enough to support the welding of the substrate and the composite board.

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