CN216377477U

CN216377477U - Sludge coupling hydrogen production system

Info

Publication number: CN216377477U
Application number: CN202120745375.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李泽明; 张丽书
Original assignee: YUNNAN QIYU ECONOMIC TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO LTD
Current assignee: Chifang Guangre Yunnan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-13
Filing date: 2021-04-13
Publication date: 2022-04-26
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-13

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, in particular to a sludge coupling hydrogen production system. The sludge coupling hydrogen production system comprises a sludge fuel preparation device, a sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace, a sewage purification processor, a steam atomizer, a hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace and a system main control device, wherein the sewage purification processor dries sludge to generate steam which is processed into desalted pure water, the steam atomizer atomizes pure water jet, and the sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace and the steam atomizer are respectively connected with the hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace. The utility model provides a low-cost system of mud pyrolysis hydrogen manufacturing, preparation mud are fuel and the low nitrogen gasification burning of living beings coupling, produce high temperature more than 950 ℃, and with purification treatment's sewage pyrolysis hydrogen manufacturing, the waste heat after the hydrogen energy electricity generation loopbacks mud and dries the use, and the process of administering mud pollution is changed into the production process of hydrogen energy, electric energy, and the use of disappearing on the spot, and the slag after the burning is used for fertilizer and soil improvement for carbon-based material.

Description

Sludge coupling hydrogen production system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, in particular to a sludge coupling hydrogen production system.

Background

Most of hydrogen used in the industry at present is obtained by the methods of reforming fossil fuel electrolytic water and the like through additives such as methanol, ammonia water and the like, the prepared hydrogen is ash hydrogen with high carbon content, and the traditional hydrogen preparation methods have the characteristics of high cost, high dependence on fossil fuel and the like. In order to ensure the environmental benefit of hydrogen, hydrogen produced by renewable domestic sludge and biomass is green hydrogen with zero carbon, and is widely concerned by people. The sludge coupling hydrogen production technology can recover, utilize and convert organic matters in the sludge into clean and high-quality hydrogen energy, avoids the problem of secondary pollution generated in the traditional sludge treatment and treatment, and accords with national energy conservation and emission reduction and related environmental policies.

Because the water content of the sludge in the municipal sewage plant is up to 99.8 percent, the water content of the sludge after filter pressing treatment is 80 percent, the cost of transporting the sludge to a cement plant and a power plant for cooperative treatment is consumed on the sewage, and the sludge treatment process still has a plurality of defects in the operation process. Because the water content of the sludge is too high, a large amount of energy is consumed for the conventional mechanical dehydration and temperature-rising evaporation of the sludge, and high-temperature water vapor generated by evaporation cannot be effectively utilized, so that the sludge recycling efficiency is low, and the economic value is difficult to generate; and wet sludge is adopted as a raw material, so that the sludge is easy to harden, stick to walls and the like in the reaction process, the equipment is difficult to continuously operate, and the sludge conversion efficiency is not high. In addition, most of the existing external heating gas production reactors adopt an electric heating mode, so that the operation cost is high; and fluidized bed process equipment and operating conditions are complex, the quality of fuel gas generated by pyrolysis is relatively low, and industrial production is difficult to realize.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model explores a system for producing hydrogen by using sewage and utilizing sludge organic heat value to couple with thermal cracking to produce hydrogen at low cost, replaces high-cost fossil energy to produce hydrogen, and fills up the technical shortages that the carbon reaches the peak and the carbon neutrality has great requirements on preparing green hydrogen in society.

The technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows: the utility model provides a mud coupling hydrogen manufacturing system, its characterized in that, includes mud fuel preparation facilities, mud and biomass fuel coupling gasifier, sewage purification treater), steam atomizer, hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace and system master control unit, the vapor that sewage purification treater produced with the mud stoving handles the pure water that desalinates for no impurity, steam atomizer will desalinate pure water jet atomization, and mud and biomass fuel coupling gasifier and steam atomizer are connected with hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace respectively, system master control unit is connected with mud fuel preparation facilities, mud and biomass fuel coupling gasifier, sewage purification treater, steam atomizer and hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace electricity respectively.

The sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace consists of an upper part, a middle part and a tail part, wherein the upper part is matched with a sludge and biomass coupling fuel conveyer, and the middle part consists of an anoxic gas making chamber, a sealing device and a gas output device; the tail part of the slag remover consists of a main air chamber, a wind shield and a slag outlet.

The hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace comprises a pyrolysis chamber and a combustion chamber, the pyrolysis chamber is composed of a large-area adsorption catalytic reactor made of a plurality of refractory materials, the pyrolysis chamber is provided with a water mist inlet communicated with the steam atomizer, a low-nitrogen combustor is arranged in the combustion chamber, and the bottom of the combustion chamber is provided with a combustible gas inlet connected with the sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace.

Steam atomizer includes the pure water inlet pipe and the steam outlet pipe at both ends, and steam atomizer is inside to be equipped with steam generation module and to be used for the atomizing efflux atomizing module that steam atomization sprays, steam outlet pipe has connected gradually atomizing flowmeter and air current governing valve, the air current governing valve is connected with the system master control set electricity, steam atomizer passes through atomizing flowmeter and air current governing valve and is connected with hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace.

The pyrolysis chamber is internally provided with a plurality of temperature sensing probes, the upper part of the pyrolysis chamber is connected with an air blower, and the temperature sensing probes are electrically connected with a system main control device.

The hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace is also connected with cogeneration equipment.

The utility model solves the defects in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:

1. the technical bottleneck of using fossil energy with high energy consumption and high cost for preparing the gray hydrogen by electrolysis is broken, the precious organic heat value of more than 2000Kcal/kg in the sludge is fully reserved when the sludge is dried, the precious organic heat value is coupled with the 4000Kcal/kg biomass fuel, the gasification condition of 3000Kcal/kg is achieved, waste is changed into valuable, and the high-temperature heat source of 950-1100 ℃ for preparing the green hydrogen by thermal cracking is obtained at low cost.

2. A multi-stage non-phase change deodorization process is adopted during sludge drying, so that the emission of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide malodorous gas reaches the standard. The water vapor evaporated by drying the sludge by using the sludge fuel preparation device is used as a gasification medium and a hydrogen source required by catalytic reforming hydrogen production.

3. Desalted pure water is atomized by the jet flow of the steam atomizer to enter the hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace for high-temperature pyrolysis, so that the surface area of water molecules is increased, and the efficiency of hydrogen production by pyrolysis is improved.

4. The sludge and biomass fuel coupled gasification furnace is provided with the low-nitrogen combustion device, the emission standard of nitrogen oxides is met, the prepared hydrogen energy is directly consumed, the hydrogen energy is combusted for power generation, the investment of hydrogen energy storage is saved, and the accident potential of hydrogen explosion is eliminated. The electric energy generated by hydrogen energy is self-generated, the waste heat is recycled and used for drying sludge, the high-efficiency cogeneration is realized, the furnace ash after the combustion of the gasification furnace is used as a carbon-based raw material for organic carbon fertilizer and soil improvement, the sludge can not be discharged from a sewage plant, the solid waste is recycled and utilized in a closed loop manner, the economic value of non-fossil energy is created, and the social value of ecological environment management is created.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-sludge fuel preparation device, 2-sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace, 3-sewage purification processor, 4-steam atomizer, 5-hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace, 6-system main control device, 7-cogeneration equipment, 21-sludge and biomass coupling fuel transmission machine, 22-oxygen-deficient gas production chamber, 23-gas output device, 24-main air chamber, 25-slag outlet, 41-atomization flowmeter, 42-gas flow regulating valve, 51-pyrolysis chamber, 52-combustion chamber, 53-adsorption catalytic reactor, 54-water mist inlet, 55-combustible gas inlet, 56-temperature sensing probe, and 57-blower.

Detailed Description

Examples

The sludge coupling hydrogen production system shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 comprises a sludge fuel preparation device 1, a sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace 2, a sewage purification processor 3, a steam atomizer 4, a hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace 5 and a system main control device 6, wherein the sewage purification processor 3 dries the sludge to generate steam and processes the steam into pure desalted water without impurities, the steam atomizer 4 atomizes pure water in a jet manner, the sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace 2 and the steam atomizer 4 are respectively connected with the hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace, and the system main control device is respectively electrically connected with the sludge fuel preparation device 1, the sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace 2, the sewage purification processor 3, the steam atomizer 4 and the hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace 5. The hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace 5 is also connected with a cogeneration device 8. The sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace 2 consists of an upper part, a middle part and a tail part, the upper part is matched with a sludge and biomass coupling fuel conveyer 21, and the middle part consists of an anoxic gas making chamber 22, a sealing device and a gas output device 23; the tail part of the device consists of a main air chamber 24, a wind shield and a slag hole 25. The hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace 5 comprises a pyrolysis chamber 51 and a combustion chamber 52, the pyrolysis chamber 51 is composed of a large-area adsorption catalytic reactor 53 made of a plurality of refractory materials, the pyrolysis chamber 51 is provided with a water mist inlet 54 communicated with the steam atomizer 4, the combustion chamber 52 is internally provided with a low-nitrogen combustor, and the bottom of the combustion chamber is provided with a combustible gas inlet 55 connected with the sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace 2. Steam atomizer 4 includes the pure water inlet pipe and the steam outlet pipe at both ends, and steam atomizer 4 is inside to be equipped with steam generation module and the atomizing efflux atomizing module that is used for steam atomization to spray, and steam outlet pipe has connected gradually atomizing flowmeter 41 and air current regulating valve 42, and air current regulating valve 42 is connected with system's main control system 6 electricity, and steam atomizer 4 passes through atomizing flowmeter 41 and air current regulating valve 42 and is connected with hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace 3. The pyrolysis chamber 51 is internally provided with a plurality of temperature sensing probes 56, the upper part of the pyrolysis chamber is connected with a blower 57, and the temperature sensing probes 56 are electrically connected with the system main control device 6.

The working process of the utility model is as follows: the method comprises the following steps:

s1) preparing sludge fuel: through the sludge fuel preparation device 1, sludge with the water content not lower than 80 wt% is subjected to non-phase change low-temperature drying by using biological gas production and power generation waste heat, so that malodor cracking is inhibited, the water content is reduced to 20 wt%, and an organic heat value of more than 2000Kcal/kg in the sludge is reserved, thereby obtaining the sludge modified fuel.

S2) sewage treatment: distilling sludge with the water content not lower than 80 wt% in a sludge fuel preparation device 1 to generate steam, condensing the steam into condensed water, performing multiple filtration and impurity removal on the condensed water through a sewage purification processor, and discarding calcium and magnesium ions to prepare desalted pure water with the pH value of 6.5-7.5 and the hardness of 4-7 ℃ for hydrogen production;

s3) heating a gasification furnace: and mixing the obtained sludge modified fuel and the biomass fuel into a coupling fuel, conveying the coupling fuel to a sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace for combustion 2, and pyrolyzing the coupling fuel in an anoxic state to generate combustible gas.

S4) high-temperature pyrolysis: the obtained combustible gas is fed into the hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace 5 through the combustible gas inlet 55 for combustion; and heating the desalted pure water to 95-100 ℃ by a steam atomizer, atomizing the steam formed after jet atomization, introducing the steam into a hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace through an air flow regulating valve 42 and a water mist inlet 54 for high-temperature pyrolysis, controlling the input amount of the steam by a system main control device to keep the working temperature of the hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace to be not lower than 800-950 ℃, the retention time to be 10-30 s, controlling the flow rate of the steam to be 0.1-0.3L/min, controlling the content of hydrogen for the thermal cracking to be 30-60% and controlling the heat value to be 10-16 MJ^-3。

S5) hydrogen energy utilization: h₂Conversion of O water molecules to H at high temperatures₂And O₂Simultaneously generated H₂And O₂The air sent by the blower 57 continuously participates in combustion, and the generated heat energy is used for power generation of the cogeneration equipment 8 and sludge drying by waste heat;

s6) tailing treatment: the furnace ash after the combustion of the gasification furnace is a carbon-based raw material and is used for organic carbon fertilizer and soil improvement.

The working process of the utility model is as follows: after the dried sludge and biomass raw materials such as agricultural and forestry wastes are treated, 3000-3500 Kcal/kg of sludge coupling fuel is formed according to different proportions, then the sludge coupling fuel is conveyed into a sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace 2, thermal cracking and carbonization are started under high-temperature reaction, and a large amount of mixed gas is generated in the process. The main constituents of these gases are high concentrations of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, and the like. When the mixed gas with the calorific value comes out of the furnace, the gas combustion temperature is about 1000-1100 ℃, and in order to fully utilize the gas, the mixed gas is sent into the hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace 5 to keep a high-temperature state. The dewatered water is processed into raw hydrogen production water by the sludge fuel preparation device 1, and desalted pure water is formed after impurities are discarded and the pH value and the hardness are adjusted, so that the raw hydrogen production water is not scaled and the equipment pipeline is prevented from being blocked. The steam generation module with desalination pure water in steam atomizer 4 heats the back, produces vapor, and vapor is through atomizing efflux atomizing module, and the atomizing sprays high temperature pyrolysis in getting into hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace 5, has increased the surface area of hydrone, and the hydrone bond is opened under 800 ~ 950 ℃ of the hydrone condition, mixes direct combustion with the air, opens promptly and uses, need not the condensation compression storage, has simplified the use technology, has reduced the equipment investment, has improved the efficiency of pyrolysis. The sludge fuel preparation device 1, the sewage purification processor 3, the steam atomizer 4 and the system main control device 6 are products in the prior art. The system main control device 6 is a single chip microcomputer in the prior art, and the system main control device 6 adjusts and controls the optimal technological parameters of each device in the whole hydrogen production process, such as obtaining the cracking temperature in the pyrolysis chamber 51 and controlling the steam flow through the temperature sensing probe 56, so as to ensure the optimal purity and flow of hydrogen production. The method controls an air flow regulating valve 42, adjusts the air flow of water vapor to be 0.1-0.3L/min and the working temperature in the hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace to be 800-950 ℃, and provides proper reaction conditions for the thermal cracking reaction of water. The hydrogen energy prepared by the utility model is completely combusted, the heat energy is used for gas power generation, and the waste heat is used for sludge drying, cogeneration and heat recycling. The furnace dust generated after the combustion of the sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace 2 is a carbon-based raw material and is used for organic carbon fertilizer and soil improvement, so that the sludge treatment is changed into the development of hydrogen energy, electric energy is non-fossil energy, the sludge can not be discharged from a sewage plant, resources are recycled in a closed manner, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A sludge coupling hydrogen production system is characterized by comprising a sludge fuel preparation device (1), a sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace (2), a sewage purification processor (3), a steam atomizer (4), a hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace (5) and a system main control device (6), the sewage purification processor (3) processes the water vapor generated by drying the sludge into impurity-free desalted pure water, the steam atomizer (4) atomizes the desalted pure water jet, the sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace (2) and the steam atomizer (4) are respectively connected with the hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace (5), the system main control device (6) is respectively and electrically connected with the sludge fuel preparation device (1), the sludge and biomass fuel coupling gasification furnace (2), the sewage purification processor (3), the steam atomizer (4) and the hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace (5).

2. The sludge-coupled hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein the sludge-biomass fuel coupled gasifier (2) comprises an upper part, a middle part and a tail part, the upper part is provided with a sludge-biomass coupled fuel conveyor (21) in a matching way, and the middle part comprises an anoxic gas production chamber (22), a sealing device and a gas output device (23); the tail part of the device consists of a main air chamber (24), a wind shield and a slag hole (25).

3. The sludge-coupled hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen thermal cracking furnace (5) comprises a pyrolysis chamber (51) and a combustion chamber (52), the pyrolysis chamber (51) is composed of a plurality of large-area adsorption catalytic reactors (53) made of refractory materials, the pyrolysis chamber (51) is provided with a water mist inlet (54) communicated with the steam atomizer (4), the combustion chamber (52) is internally provided with a low-nitrogen burner, and the bottom of the combustion chamber is provided with a combustible gas inlet (55) connected with the sludge-biomass fuel coupled gasification furnace (2).

4. The sludge coupling hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein the steam atomizer (4) comprises a pure water inlet pipe and a steam outlet pipe at two ends, a steam generation module and an atomization jet atomization module for steam atomization injection are arranged in the steam atomizer (4), the steam outlet pipe is sequentially connected with an atomization flow meter (41) and a gas flow regulating valve (42), the gas flow regulating valve (42) is electrically connected with a system main control device (6), and the steam atomizer (4) is connected with the hydrogen energy thermal cracking furnace (5) through the atomization flow meter (41) and the gas flow regulating valve (42).

5. The sludge coupling hydrogen production system according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of temperature sensing probes (56) are arranged in the pyrolysis chamber (51), a blower (57) is connected to the upper part of the pyrolysis chamber, and the temperature sensing probes (56) are electrically connected with a system main control device (6).

6. The sludge-coupled hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen thermal cracking furnace (5) is further connected with a cogeneration device (7).