CN216354408U

CN216354408U - Liquid cooling system with fire extinguishing function

Info

Publication number: CN216354408U
Application number: CN202122102558.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴问月; 邓江南; 刘晨南; 姜斌; 杜俊丰; 桂昊
Original assignee: Jiangsu Zenio New Energy Battery Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Zenio New Energy Battery Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-02
Filing date: 2021-09-02
Publication date: 2022-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-02

Abstract

The utility model discloses a liquid cooling system with a fire extinguishing function. The heat exchange medium circulating in the liquid cooling system is fire extinguishing material. A plurality of sprayers are arranged on a liquid inlet pipeline and a liquid outlet pipeline which are connected with a liquid cooling plate of the liquid cooling system, and a booster pump is arranged at the inlet end of the liquid inlet pipeline of the liquid cooling plate. The sprinkler includes an associated control valve and nozzle. The nozzle faces the inner side of the liquid cooling plate. The control valve and the booster pump are connected with the controller. The heat exchange tubes, the liquid inlet pipelines and the liquid outlet pipelines of the liquid cooling plate are all made of aluminum alloy with the melting point temperature of 450-660 ℃. The utility model utilizes the self-refrigerating medium of the liquid cooling system to extinguish fire after releasing, saves the space of the battery box for storing the fire extinguishing material, and the booster pump ensures that the fire extinguishing material sprayed by the sprayer is more dispersed, the spraying distance is farther and the spraying surface is wider, thereby ensuring that the sprayed fire extinguishing material can cover the whole battery box to the maximum extent.

Description

Liquid cooling system with fire extinguishing function

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a liquid cooling system of a battery pack.

Background

To provide enough power for the electric vehicle, a plurality of batteries are required to be densely connected into a battery pack. Due to the reasons of vibration, short circuit, poor battery management and the like of the electric vehicle, the power battery is easy to overheat, even thermal runaway and even fire explosion. Due to the dense arrangement of the batteries, when thermal runaway of one battery occurs, thermal runaway chain reaction of other batteries is easily caused. From the safety point of view, the electric vehicle needs to equip the power battery with a liquid cooling system to avoid the battery from overheating, and what is more, needs to equip the power battery with an automatic fire extinguishing device.

The automatic fire extinguishing apparatus requires at least one pressure tank capable of storing fire extinguishing materials. On the one hand, the pressure tank itself is also an unsafe factor, and the pressure of the pressure tank needs to be detected regularly. On the other hand, the pressure tank needs to occupy a large space, thereby reducing the energy density of the battery pack. In addition, the pressure tank needs to be provided with fittings, which makes installation troublesome.

Disclosure of Invention

The problems to be solved by the utility model are as follows: the electric vehicle is on fire and extinguishes fire.

In order to solve the problems, the utility model adopts the following scheme:

a liquid cooling system with a fire extinguishing function is provided, wherein a heat exchange medium circulating in the liquid cooling system is an extinguishing material; the edge of a liquid cooling plate of the liquid cooling system is provided with a plurality of sprayers through a liquid inlet pipeline and/or a liquid outlet pipeline which are connected with the edge, and the inlet end of the liquid inlet pipeline of the liquid cooling plate is provided with a booster pump; the sprinkler is used for spraying heat exchange media in the liquid cooling system to cool and extinguish fire when thermal runaway occurs and comprises a control valve and a nozzle which are connected; the nozzle faces the inner side of the liquid cooling plate.

Further, the liquid cooling system also comprises a heat exchanger and a circulating pump; and the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline are connected with the heat exchanger and the circulating pump.

Further, the liquid cooling system further comprises a controller; the controller is connected with the control valve and the booster pump.

Further, the liquid cooling plate comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes and two collecting tubes; the two collecting pipes are arranged in parallel; the heat exchange tubes are arranged between the two collecting tubes in parallel, and the two ends of the heat exchange tubes are respectively connected with the collecting tubes; the two collecting pipes are respectively connected with the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline; the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline are arranged above the collecting pipe and are parallel to the collecting pipe.

Further, the sprayers are arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline and/or the liquid outlet pipeline at equal intervals; the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline are connected with the collecting pipe through a three-way pipe.

Further, the heat exchange tubes are flat tubes; the heat exchange tube is internally provided with a plurality of medium channels which are arranged side by side.

Further, the liquid cooling plate also comprises a buffer clamping plate; the buffer clamping plate is provided with a plurality of clamping blocks; the heat exchange tube is clamped with the buffer clamping plate through the clamping block.

Further, the fire extinguishing material comprises a hydrofluorocarbon compound or a hydrofluorocarbon mixture; the hydrofluorocarbon compound comprises R134A, R125, R32, R152, HFC-236fa, HFC-227ea, perfluorohexanone and perfluoroethane.

Further, the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline are made of aluminum alloy with the melting point temperature of 450-660 ℃.

Further, the heat exchange pipe and the collecting pipe are made of aluminum alloy with the melting point temperature of 450-660 ℃.

The utility model has the following technical effects:

1. the self-refrigerating medium of the liquid cooling system is released to extinguish the fire, so that the space of the battery box for storing fire extinguishing materials is saved;

2. the booster pump enables the fire extinguishing materials sprayed by the sprayer to be more dispersed, the spraying distance is longer, and the spraying surface is wider, so that the sprayed fire extinguishing materials can cover the whole battery box to the maximum extent;

3. by adopting a mode of combining active triggering fire extinguishing and passive triggering fire extinguishing, when a fire breaks out in the battery box, the liquid inlet pipeline, the liquid outlet pipeline, the heat exchange pipe and the collecting pipe which are made of aluminum alloy with the melting point temperature of 450-660 ℃ are melted, and the fire extinguishing material is released.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a part in a battery box according to an embodiment of a liquid cooling system of the utility model.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the piping and electrical connections of an embodiment of the liquid cooling system of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a sprinkler in an embodiment of a liquid cooling system of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure between a heat exchange tube and a buffer board in an embodiment of a liquid cooling system of the utility model.

The system comprises a liquid cooling plate 1, a heat exchange tube 11, a medium channel 111, a collecting tube 12, a connector tube 121, a buffer clamping plate 13, a clamping block 131, a liquid inlet tube 21, a liquid outlet tube 22, a three-way tube 23, a sprayer 24, a control valve 241, a nozzle 242, a control line 243, a control joint 244, a booster pump 25, a circulating pump 31, a heat exchanger 32, a liquid storage bin 33, a controller 4, a battery management system 41, a vehicle management unit 42 and a battery acquisition interface 5, wherein the liquid cooling plate is a liquid cooling plate;

arrows Fi and Fo indicate the heat exchange medium flow direction, wherein arrow Fi indicates the incoming liquid cold plate and arrow Fo indicates the outgoing liquid cold plate.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 2, a liquid cooling system, which is applied to an electric vehicle and used for cooling or heating a battery of the electric vehicle, includes a liquid cooling plate 1, a controller 4, a circulation pump 31 and a heat exchanger 32. Wherein, the liquid cooling plate 1, the circulating pump 31 and the heat exchanger 32 are connected by pipes to form a liquid cooling pipe circulation system. The liquid cooling pipeline circulating system is internally sealed with a heat exchange medium. The circulating pump 31 is used for providing power for the circulating flow of the heat exchange medium in the liquid cooling pipeline circulating system. The heat exchange medium in the liquid cooling pipe circulation system circulates between the liquid cooling plate 1 and the heat exchanger 32 by the driving of the circulation pump 31. The heat exchange medium is in a gaseous or liquid state, preferably a liquid state, when circulating in the liquid-cooled conduit circulation system. The circulation pump 31 is connected to the controller 4 and is turned on or off under the control of the controller 4. The controller 4 will activate the circulation pump 31 to circulate the heat exchange medium only when the batteries in the battery box need to be heated or cooled. The liquid cooling plate 1 is arranged in a battery box of the battery pack and is tightly attached to the battery, and the battery in the battery box is cooled or heated through heat exchange between the liquid cooling plate 1 and the battery in the battery box. The heat exchanger 32 is used for exchanging heat with the outside, and may be a radiator composed of a fan and a heat sink, or a heat exchanger for exchanging heat with an air conditioning system of an electric vehicle, or even when the temperature in the battery box is too low and needs to be heated, the heat exchanger 32 may be a heater. In the present specification, the heat exchanger 32 is a general summary of the radiator, the heater, and the heat exchanger, and may be a radiator, a heater, or a heat exchanger, or a combination of a radiator, a heater, and a heat exchanger. The radiator, heat exchanger and heater as the heat exchanger 32 are familiar to those skilled in the art, and the specific structure is not the scope of the present invention, and the description is not repeated herein.

Referring to fig. 1, the liquid cooling plate 1 of the present embodiment has two liquid cooling plates 1, and the two liquid cooling plates 1 are arranged side by side and connected in a pipeline parallel manner. The liquid cooling plate 1 comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes 11, two collecting tubes 12 and at least one buffer clamping plate 13. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the manifold 12 is a square tube, having a square shape. The two manifolds 12 are parallel and opposite. The heat exchange tubes 11 are arranged between the two collecting tubes 12 in parallel at equal intervals and are perpendicular to the collecting tubes 12. Two ends of the heat exchange tube 11 are respectively connected with the two collecting tubes 12 and are communicated with the two collecting tubes 12. The heat exchange tube 11 is a flat tube, and is provided with a plurality of medium channels 111 arranged side by side. The heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the battery by flowing through the medium passage 111. The buffer clamping plate 13 is arranged below the heat exchange tube 11 and used for providing bottom support for the heat exchange tube 11. The buffer clamping plate 13 is provided with a plurality of clamping blocks 131. The heat exchange tube 11 is clamped with the buffer clamping plate 13 through the clamping block 131. The buffer clamping plate 13 is adhered to the heat exchange tube 11 through structural adhesive and is fixed to the heat exchange tube 11 through the clamping of the clamping block 131. The liquid cooling plate 1 is provided with a liquid inlet pipe 21 and a liquid outlet pipe 22 at two ends. The liquid inlet pipe 21 and the liquid outlet pipe 22 are respectively positioned above the two collecting pipes 12 and are parallel to the collecting pipes 12. The manifold 12 is provided with a plurality of connector pipes 121. The liquid inlet pipe 21 and the liquid outlet pipe 22 are connected to a joint pipe 121 through a tee pipe 23, and are connected to the manifold 12. The liquid cooling plate 1 is connected with a circulating pump 31 and a heat exchanger 32 through a liquid inlet pipeline 21 and a liquid outlet pipeline 22. Therefore, referring to the directions indicated by arrows Fi and Fo in the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in fig. 1, the heat exchange medium flowing in through the inlet end of the liquid inlet pipe 21 enters the collecting pipe 12 through the three-way pipe 23 and the joint pipe 12, then flows into the collecting pipe 12 at the other end after being heat-exchanged by the heat exchange pipe 11, then flows into the liquid outlet pipe 22 through the joint pipe 12 and the three-way pipe 23, and then flows to the circulation pump 31 and the heat exchanger 32 through the pipes.

The liquid cooling system of the present embodiment has a fire extinguishing function, and specifically, the heat exchange medium in the liquid cooling system is a fire extinguishing material, and on the basis of the above structure, referring to fig. 1, the liquid cooling system further includes a sprinkler 24 and a booster pump 25. The sprinkler 24 is used for spraying the heat exchange medium in the liquid cooling system to reduce the temperature and extinguish the fire in case of thermal runaway. The sprinklers 24 are provided in a plurality on the liquid inlet 21 and outlet 22 of the liquid-cooled panel 1 so that the sprinklers 24 are located at the edge of the liquid-cooled panel 1. Sprayers 24 on inlet pipe 21 and outlet pipe 22 are typically equally spaced. A booster pump 25 is provided at the inlet end of the liquid inlet line 21. Referring to fig. 3, the sprinkler 24 includes a control valve 241 and a nozzle 242 connected thereto. The nozzles 242 face the inside of the liquid-cooled panel 1. Wherein, the control valve 241 is connected with a control wire 243, and the end of the control wire 243 is provided with a control joint 244 for the control wire to be butted. The control valve 241 is connected to the controller 4 via a control line 243 and a control connection 244. The controller 4 is connected with a battery collecting assembly in the battery box through a battery collecting interface 5. Therefore, the controller 4 can collect the voltage and the temperature of each battery in the battery box through the battery collecting assembly. When the controller 4 detects the battery overheating abnormality, the controller 4 opens the booster pump 25 and the control valve 241 of the sprinkler 24, so that the heat exchange medium circulating in the liquid cooling system is sprayed as fire extinguishing material through the nozzle 242 of the sprinkler 24 to perform the functions of cooling and fire extinguishing. The booster pump 25 serves to pressurize the nozzles 242 of the sprinkler 24 so that the fire suppressant material sprayed through the nozzles 242 of the sprinkler 24 is more dispersed, sprayed farther away, and sprayed over a wider area so that the fire suppressant material covers the entire battery box to the maximum extent.

Further, in the present embodiment, the controller 4 is realized by the battery management system 41 and the vehicle management unit 42 in common. The battery management system 41 is a control circuit that manages the battery pack, and the vehicle management unit 42 is a management circuit of the entire electric vehicle. In this embodiment, the battery management system 41 is connected to the battery collection interface 5; the vehicle management unit 42 is connected to the battery management system 41, and connects the circulation pump 31, the control valve 241 of the sprinkler 24, and the booster pump 25. When the battery management system 41 detects the battery overheat abnormality, a battery overheat abnormality signal is sent to the vehicle management unit 42, and the vehicle management unit 42 instructs the booster pump 25 and the control valve 241 of the sprinkler 24 to be opened after receiving the battery overheat abnormality.

Further, in the present embodiment, the liquid inlet pipe 21, the liquid outlet pipe 22, the heat exchange pipe 11 and the collecting pipe 12 are made of metal or alloy having a melting point temperature of not more than 700 degrees celsius, preferably aluminum or aluminum alloy having a melting point temperature of 450 to 660 degrees, particularly preferably 3-series or 6-series aluminum alloy such as AL 3003, AL 6063. Thus, the present embodiment has two triggering release modes as the heat exchange medium of the fire extinguishing material: the first is an active release mode, and the second is a passive release mode. In the active discharge mode, when the controller 4 detects the battery overheating abnormality, the controller 4 turns on the pressurizing pump 25 and the sprinkler 24 to actively discharge the heat exchange medium as the fire extinguishing material. In the passive discharge mode, in the case where the battery in the battery box is on fire, the temperature in the battery box exceeds the tube body melting point temperatures of the liquid inlet pipe 21, the liquid outlet pipe 22, the heat exchange tube 11 and the manifold 12, so that the liquid inlet pipe 21, the liquid outlet pipe 22, the heat exchange tube 11 and the manifold 12 are melted, thereby passively discharging the heat exchange medium as the fire extinguishing material in the pipes.

The above-mentioned judgment standard for detecting the battery overheating abnormality by the battery management system 41 of the controller 4 is various and can be set according to actual needs as understood by those skilled in the art. For example, if the temperature difference between the battery temperature and the ambient temperature exceeds a certain threshold and lasts for a certain time, it is determined that the battery is overheated and abnormal; for another example, if the battery temperature exceeds a certain threshold and lasts for a certain time, it is determined that the battery is overheated abnormally; for another example, the temperature of each battery is compared with each other, and whether the battery is overheated or not is judged according to the ambient temperature.

In this embodiment, a hydrofluorocarbon compound or a hydrofluorocarbon mixture may be used as the heat exchange medium of the fire extinguishing material. Among them, the hydrofluorocarbon compounds include, but are not limited to, R134A, R125, R32, R152, HFC-236fa, HFC-227ea, perfluorohexanone, perfluoroethane. The hydrofluorocarbon mixture is a mixture of hydrofluorocarbons, or a mixture of hydrofluorocarbons with water or ethylene glycol, including but not limited to R407C, R410A.

As understood by those skilled in the art, the heat exchange medium as the fire extinguishing material is preferably in a liquid state at normal temperature and has a boiling point lower than the discharge temperature, so that the heat exchange medium can be vaporized by the high temperature in the battery box when discharged, and the phase change from the liquid phase to the gas phase is realized, thereby absorbing a large amount of heat. In addition, the characteristics of environmental protection and no toxicity after release are considered, so that the released heat exchange medium cannot cause environmental pollution and cannot generate toxic action on passengers. In view of the above considerations, the present embodiment preferably employs perfluorohexanone or a hydrofluorohydrocarbon mixture comprising perfluorohexanone.

In addition, it should be noted that in the present embodiment, each of liquid inlet pipe 21 and liquid outlet pipe 22 is provided with sprayer 24. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that sparger 24 may be provided separately on one of inlet conduit 21 and outlet conduit 22, i.e., either inlet conduit 21 or outlet conduit 22 is provided with sparger 24. The foregoing "and/or" is represented as both a case of "and" or ".

Claims

1. A liquid cooling system with a fire extinguishing function is characterized in that a heat exchange medium circulating in the liquid cooling system is an extinguishing material; the edge of a liquid cooling plate of the liquid cooling system is provided with a plurality of sprayers through a liquid inlet pipeline and/or a liquid outlet pipeline which are connected with the edge, and the inlet end of the liquid inlet pipeline of the liquid cooling plate is provided with a booster pump; the sprinkler is used for spraying heat exchange media in the liquid cooling system to cool and extinguish fire when thermal runaway occurs and comprises a control valve and a nozzle which are connected; the nozzle faces the inner side of the liquid cooling plate.

2. The liquid cooling system with fire extinguishing function as recited in claim 1, further comprising a heat exchanger and a circulation pump; and the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline are connected with the heat exchanger and the circulating pump.

3. The liquid cooling system with fire extinguishing function according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid cooling system further comprises a controller; the controller is connected with the control valve and the booster pump.

4. The liquid cooling system with fire extinguishing function as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid cooling plate comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes and two collecting tubes; the two collecting pipes are arranged in parallel; the heat exchange tubes are arranged between the two collecting tubes in parallel, and the two ends of the heat exchange tubes are respectively connected with the collecting tubes; the two collecting pipes are respectively connected with the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline; the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline are arranged above the collecting pipe and are parallel to the collecting pipe.

5. The liquid cooling system with fire extinguishing function as recited in claim 4, wherein the sprinklers are disposed on the liquid inlet pipe and/or the liquid outlet pipe at equal intervals; the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline are connected with the collecting pipe through a three-way pipe.

6. The liquid cooling system with fire extinguishing function as recited in claim 4, wherein the heat exchange tubes are flat tubes; the heat exchange tube is internally provided with a plurality of medium channels which are arranged side by side.

7. The liquid cooling system with fire extinguishing function as claimed in claim 6, wherein the liquid cooling plate further comprises a buffer clamping plate; the buffer clamping plate is provided with a plurality of clamping blocks; the heat exchange tube is clamped with the buffer clamping plate through the clamping block.

8. The liquid cooling system with fire extinguishing function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are made of aluminum alloy with melting point temperature of 450-660 degrees.

9. The liquid cooling system with fire extinguishing function as recited in claim 4, wherein the heat exchanging pipes and the collecting pipe are made of aluminum alloy with melting temperature of 450 to 660 degrees.