CN112038728A - Cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for energy storage device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for energy storage device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112038728A CN112038728A CN202010884884.7A CN202010884884A CN112038728A CN 112038728 A CN112038728 A CN 112038728A CN 202010884884 A CN202010884884 A CN 202010884884A CN 112038728 A CN112038728 A CN 112038728A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluorohexan-2-one Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
- A62C35/68—Details, e.g. of pipes or valve systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/04—Control of fire-fighting equipment with electrically-controlled release
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for energy storage devices, which comprises a box body, wherein a plurality of energy storage devices are arranged in the box body, and cooling passages are arranged on the energy storage devices; the cooling circulation loop comprises a plurality of cooling branches communicated with the cooling passage, the cooling circulation loop is sequentially connected with a compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage tank, a throttle valve and a first switch valve for controlling the on-off of the cooling circulation loop, and a flame-retardant refrigerant is stored in the liquid storage tank; at least one spraying branch is arranged in the box body, the spraying branch is arranged above the energy storage device and is communicated with the cooling circulation loop, and a plurality of spray heads and a second switch valve for controlling the on-off of the spraying branch are arranged on the spraying branch; still include the first branch road of putting out a fire with cooling circulation return circuit intercommunication, the other end of first branch road of putting out a fire is connected with fire extinguishing agent jar, be equipped with the third ooff valve that is used for controlling the break-make of first branch road of putting out a fire on the first branch road of putting out a fire, be equipped with temperature sensor in the box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for an energy storage device and a control method thereof.
Background
The energy storage device has the advantages of convenience in installation, small occupied area, convenience in modularization capacity expansion, strong environmental adaptability and the like, and can be applied to occasions such as peak regulation energy storage, frequency modulation energy storage, photovoltaic power generation energy storage, wind power energy storage and the like. However, the energy storage device is provided with a large number of batteries in a limited space, the batteries can release heat during operation, and if the heat dissipation is not timely, the heat can be accumulated in the energy storage device, so that the temperature in the device is continuously increased. The performance of the battery is greatly influenced by overhigh temperature, the performance and the cycle life of the battery are influenced if the temperature is too high, and thermal runaway is caused if the temperature is too high, so that accidents such as fire, explosion and the like are caused.
In the prior art, a cooling system for a battery energy storage device mainly comprises an air cooling system and a water cooling system, wherein the air cooling system has the advantages of simple structure, safe cooling medium, easiness in maintenance, low cost and the like, but the air duct and the flow direction of the conventional air cooling system are single, the temperature of cooling air can be gradually increased along the flow path, so that the temperature difference inside a battery energy storage module is large, in addition, in the large-capacity battery energy storage system, the problem of uneven air volume distribution is easy to occur to the air cooling system, the cooling air cannot be uniformly fed into each energy storage module, so that the temperature of local battery energy storage modules is always high, and thermal runaway can be caused in serious cases; compared with an air cooling system, the water cooling system has good cooling effect, but has high cost, complex system and certain potential safety hazard, water in the water cooling system leaks into the battery system, which easily causes short circuit of the battery cell, causes thermal runaway of the battery cell and safety accidents, and is not suitable for being used in a high-capacity battery energy storage system.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
Aiming at the technical problems that the heat dissipation effect of an energy storage device is poor and the safety performance cannot be guaranteed in the prior art, the invention provides a cooling fire-fighting hybrid system for the energy storage device and a control method thereof, which can improve the heat dissipation effect of the energy storage device and guarantee the safety performance of the energy storage device during use.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a cooling fire-fighting hybrid system for energy storage devices comprises a box body, wherein a plurality of energy storage devices are arranged in the box body, and cooling passages are arranged on the energy storage devices; the cooling circulation loop comprises a plurality of cooling branches communicated with the cooling passage, the cooling circulation loop is sequentially connected with a compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage tank, a throttle valve and a first switch valve for controlling the on-off of the cooling circulation loop, and a flame-retardant refrigerant is stored in the liquid storage tank; at least one spraying branch is arranged in the box body, the spraying branch is arranged above the energy storage device and is communicated with the cooling circulation loop, and a plurality of spray heads and a second switch valve for controlling the on-off of the spraying branch are arranged on the spraying branch; the fire extinguishing system further comprises a first fire extinguishing branch communicated with the cooling circulation loop, the other end of the first fire extinguishing branch is connected with a fire extinguishing agent tank, a third switch valve used for controlling the on-off of the first fire extinguishing branch is arranged on the first fire extinguishing branch, and a temperature sensor is arranged in the box body; the compressor, the condenser, the liquid storage tank, the throttle valve, the first switch valve, the second switch valve, the third switch valve and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected with the controller.
Optionally, be connected with the bypass of putting out a fire on the liquid storage pot, the other end of the bypass of putting out a fire is around passing through choke valve and cooling circulation loop intercommunication, be equipped with the fourth ooff valve that is used for controlling the bypass break-make of putting out a fire on the bypass of putting out a fire, the fourth ooff valve is connected with the controller electricity.
Optionally, the fire extinguishing system further comprises a second fire extinguishing branch communicated with the cooling circulation loop, the other end of the second fire extinguishing branch is connected with a fire extinguishing water supply pipe, a fifth switch valve used for controlling the on-off of the second fire extinguishing branch is arranged on the second fire extinguishing branch, and the fifth switch valve is electrically connected with the controller.
Optionally, at least one first current divider and at least one first current collector are arranged in the box body, the first current divider and the first current collector are both arranged on the cooling circulation loop, and the plurality of cooling branches are respectively arranged between the first current divider and the first current collector.
Optionally, the number of the first flow dividers and the number of the first flow collectors are two or more, the cooling circulation loop is provided with a second flow divider and a second flow collector, the plurality of first flow dividers are communicated with the second flow divider, and the plurality of first flow collectors are communicated with the second flow collector.
Optionally, the energy storage device includes an energy storage housing, a battery module, a heat conducting plate, a heat conducting material layer, and a cold plate, the battery module is disposed in the energy storage housing, the cold plate is disposed outside the energy storage housing, the cooling passage is located in the cold plate, and the heat conducting material layer is used for exchanging heat between the heat conducting plate and the cold plate.
Optionally, the flame-retardant refrigerant is one of R134a, R245fa, R402A, R404A, R405A, R407C, heptafluoropropane and perfluorohexanone.
Optionally, the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent tank is one of a water-based fire extinguishing agent, a foam fire extinguishing agent, a dry powder fire extinguishing agent, a heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent and a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent.
Optionally, the heat conductive material layer is one of a heat conductive potting adhesive, a heat conductive gasket, a heat conductive silicone grease, and a heat conductive gel.
A control method for the cooling fire-fighting hybrid system for the energy storage device includes the following steps, S1: the temperature sensor monitors the temperature in the box body in real time, and judges whether the temperature exceeds a preset value in the controller or not according to the measured temperature value; if the temperature value does not exceed the preset value, executing S2; if the temperature value exceeds the preset value, executing S3; s2: the controller opens the first switch valve and closes the second switch valve and the third switch valve; s3: the controller opens the second switch valve, closes the first switch valve, and executes S4 when the amount of refrigerant in the liquid storage tank is lower than a preset value in the controller; s4: the controller opens the third switch valve; in the above steps, the compressor, the condenser, the liquid storage tank and the throttle valve are all in a normally open state.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the closed modularized energy storage device and the indirect heat conduction design of the energy storage device and the cooling passage can conduct heat management on the energy storage device, and also can be dustproof and waterproof, so that the energy storage device is maintained and replaced by taking the energy storage device as a unit, and subsequent echelon utilization is facilitated.
(2) The refrigerant is fire-retardant type refrigerant, refrigerates under the refrigeration mode, under the mode of putting out a fire, can put out a fire fast, makes the refrigerant have the function of putting out a fire under the condition that takes place the condition of a fire, has avoided the combustion-supporting risk of refrigerant simultaneously.
(3) The cooling mode and the fire extinguishing mode share a cooling circulation loop, share a pipeline, share a compressor and share a controller, and the refrigerant can also be used as a fire extinguishing agent, so that the system cost can be greatly reduced.
(4) And (3) three-level fire extinguishing agent spraying design: in the first stage, the refrigerant is used for extinguishing fire, the refrigerant is changed into low-temperature droplets after being throttled and depressurized by the spray head, the droplets diffuse around, the temperature of each part of the energy storage device can be quickly reduced by absorbing heat through phase change at each part, the temperature is quickly reduced, the fire is extinguished, and the thermal diffusion of the battery is inhibited. The second stage, using a back-up fire extinguishing agent for continuous inhibition to prevent reburning; and thirdly, if the thermal runaway fire of the battery is not controlled, connecting municipal fire water, and cooling and extinguishing fire by using a large amount of water.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
a. A cooling circulation loop; a1, cooling branch; b. a spraying branch; c. a first fire extinguishing branch; d. a fire extinguishing bypass; e. a second fire extinguishing branch; 1. a box body; 2. an energy storage device; 20. a cooling passage; 21. an energy storage housing; 22. a battery module; 23. a heat conducting plate; 24. a layer of thermally conductive material; 25. a cold plate; 3. a compressor; 4. a condenser; 5. a liquid storage tank; 6. a throttle valve; 7. a first on-off valve; 8. a spray head; 9. a second on-off valve; 10. a fire suppressant tank; 11. a third on-off valve; 12. a controller; 13. a fourth switching valve; 14. a fire service water supply pipe; 15. a fifth on-off valve; 16. a first splitter; 17. a first current collector; 18. a second flow splitter; 19. and a second current collector.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying FIG. 1.
Example 1
With reference to fig. 1, the cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for energy storage devices of the present embodiment includes a box 1, a plurality of energy storage devices 2 are disposed inside the box 1, and cooling channels 20 are disposed on the energy storage devices 2; the cooling circulation loop a comprises a plurality of cooling branches a1 communicated with the cooling passage 20, the cooling circulation loop a is sequentially connected with a compressor 3, a condenser 4, a liquid storage tank 5, a throttle valve 6 and a first switch valve 7 for controlling the on-off of the cooling circulation loop a, the first switch valve 7, the compressor 3, the condenser 4, the liquid storage tank 5 and the throttle valve 6 are sequentially connected through pipelines and are arranged outside the box body 1, and flame-retardant refrigerant is stored in the liquid storage tank 5; at least one spraying branch b is arranged in the box body 1, the spraying branch b is arranged above the energy storage device 2 and is communicated with the cooling circulation loop a, a plurality of spray heads 8 are arranged on the spraying branch b, a second switch valve 9 is used for controlling the on-off of the spraying branch b, and a medium in the cooling circulation loop a can enter the spraying branch b and is sprayed out through the spray heads 8 on the spraying branch b; the fire extinguishing system is characterized by further comprising a first fire extinguishing branch c communicated with the cooling circulation loop a, the other end of the first fire extinguishing branch c is connected with a fire extinguishing agent tank 10, fire extinguishing agents are stored in the fire extinguishing agent tank 10 and can enter the cooling circulation loop a through the first fire extinguishing branch c, a third switch valve 11 used for controlling the on-off of the first fire extinguishing branch c is arranged on the first fire extinguishing branch c, a temperature sensor (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the box body 1 and is provided with one or more temperature sensors, the temperature sensors are used for monitoring the temperature in the box body 1 in real time and uploading the temperature to a controller, and the temperature sensors are in the prior art and are not described herein again; the compressor 3, the condenser 4, the liquid storage tank 5, the throttle valve 6, the first switch valve 7, the second switch valve 9, the third switch valve 11 and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected with the controller 12, the controller 12 can be a PLC control circuit or a single chip microcomputer or a micro-processing chip, and in the embodiment, the controller 12 is a micro-processing chip.
The cooling circulation loop a in the embodiment has two use modes, one is a cooling mode, and the cooling circulation loop a mainly achieves the purpose of cooling the energy storage device 2 in the cooling mode, and the working mode is that the first switch valve 7 is opened, the second switch valve 9 and the third switch valve 11 are closed, the compressor 3 is started to enable the refrigerant in the cooling circulation loop a to flow, the refrigerant in the liquid storage tank 5 enters the cooling passage 20 through the cooling branch a1 to exchange heat with the energy storage device 2 and then flows back to the cooling circulation loop a, and enters the condenser 4 through the compressor 3 to be condensed into liquid refrigerant, so that the refrigerant can be repeatedly used for cooling the energy storage device 2, and the throttle valve 6 reduces the pressure of the refrigerant and throttles the refrigerant into low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant; the other is a fire extinguishing mode, the mode is started when a temperature sensor monitors that the temperature in the box body 1 exceeds a preset value in a controller 12, the mode is divided into two fire extinguishing steps, the first step is that when the working state of other components is kept consistent with the cooling mode, a second switch valve 9 is opened, a first switch valve 7 is closed, a cooling circulation loop a is disconnected at the moment, refrigerant cannot continuously circulate in the cooling circulation loop a, along with the increase of the pipeline pressure in the cooling circulation loop a under the driving of a compressor, the refrigerant can enter a spraying branch circuit b through the second switch valve 9 and is sprayed to the energy storage device 2 after being atomized through a spray head 8, as the refrigerant is the refrigerant, open fire can be quickly extinguished through the spraying of the refrigerant and the fire suppression condition in a short time, when only 5% of liquid-phase refrigerant in the liquid storage tank 5 exists, the second step is started, a third switch valve 11 is opened, at this time, the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent tank 10 can enter the cooling circulation loop a through the first fire extinguishing branch c for fire extinguishing.
In the embodiment, the refrigerant is a flame-retardant refrigerant, and is used for refrigerating in a refrigerating mode and quickly extinguishing fire in a fire extinguishing mode, so that the refrigerant has a fire extinguishing function under the condition of fire, and meanwhile, the risk of combustion supporting of the refrigerant is avoided; the cooling circulation loop a is shared by the cooling mode and the fire extinguishing mode, the pipeline, the compressor 3 and the controller 12 are shared, and the refrigerant can also be used as a fire extinguishing agent, so that the system cost can be greatly reduced; and (3) secondary fire extinguishing agent spraying design: in the first stage, a refrigerant is used for extinguishing fire, the refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by a spray head 8 and then is changed into low-temperature droplets which are diffused to the periphery, phase change is carried out at each position to absorb heat, the temperature at each position of the energy storage device 2 can be quickly reduced, the temperature is quickly reduced to extinguish fire, and meanwhile, heat diffusion is inhibited; and in the second stage, the fire extinguishing agent is used for continuous inhibition, re-combustion is prevented, and the fire extinguishing effect is improved.
In this embodiment, the flame-retardant refrigerant is one of R134a, R245fa, R402A, R404A, R405A, R407C, heptafluoropropane, and perfluorohexanone; in an alternative embodiment, the flame retardant refrigerant is R134 a; in another optional embodiment, the flame retardant refrigerant is R245 fa; in an alternative embodiment, the flame retardant refrigerant is R402A; in an optional fourth embodiment, the flame retardant refrigerant is R404A; optionally, in a fifth embodiment, the flame retardant refrigerant is R405A; optionally, in a fifth embodiment, the flame retardant refrigerant is R407C; in an alternative embodiment, the flame retardant refrigerant is heptafluoropropane; in an alternative embodiment, the flame retardant refrigerant is perfluorohexanone.
In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent tank 10 is one of a water-based fire extinguishing agent, a foam fire extinguishing agent, a dry powder fire extinguishing agent, a heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent and a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent; in an alternative embodiment, the fire extinguishing agent is a water-based fire extinguishing agent; in another alternative embodiment, the fire extinguishing agent is a foam fire extinguishing agent; in a third alternative embodiment, the fire extinguishing agent is a dry powder fire extinguishing agent; in an alternative embodiment, a heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent; in an alternative embodiment, the fire extinguishing agent is a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent.
As an alternative of the invention, a fire extinguishing bypass d is connected to the liquid storage tank 5, the other end of the fire extinguishing bypass d is communicated with the cooling circulation loop a through a throttle valve 6, a fourth switch valve 13 for controlling the on-off of the fire extinguishing bypass d is arranged on the fire extinguishing bypass d, and the fourth switch valve 13 is electrically connected with a controller 12; in the fire extinguishing mode, the fourth switch valve 13 is opened, at this time, the fluid in the cooling circulation loop a can flow in the cooling circulation loop a by bypassing the throttle valve 6 through the fire extinguishing bypass d, if the fluid passes through the throttle valve 6 first, resistance can be increased to reduce the flow rate of the fluid, and the fluid cannot be sprayed out quickly, and the fluid sprayed out of the spray head 8 is normal-pressure low-temperature high-speed atomized fluid by adopting the structural design, so that the fluid can be sprayed to a farther position to enlarge the fire extinguishing range.
As an alternative of the present invention, the fire extinguishing system further includes a second fire extinguishing branch e communicated with the cooling circulation loop a, the other end of the second fire extinguishing branch e is connected with a fire extinguishing water supply pipe 14, a fifth switch valve 15 for controlling the on-off of the second fire extinguishing branch e is arranged on the second fire extinguishing branch e, and the fifth switch valve 15 is electrically connected with the controller 12; adopt above-mentioned structural design, realized the third step fire extinguishing step of this implementation, this step is less than 5% and the temperature in the box 1 in the fire extinguishing agent jar 10 starts when still surpassing 50 ℃, and the concrete mode is, and fifth ooff valve 15 opens, and municipal administration fire water in the fire control delivery pipe 14 passes through second branch road e of putting out a fire and cooling circulation return circuit a and spouts whole box 1, carries out the submergence formula and puts out a fire, has thoroughly stopped the possibility of relighting, in time controls the intensity of a fire.
As an alternative of the present invention, at least one first flow divider 16 and at least one first collector 17 are arranged in the box 1, the first flow divider 16 and the first collector 17 are both arranged on the cooling circulation loop a, and the plurality of cooling branches a1 are respectively arranged between the first flow divider 16 and the first collector 17; through the arrangement of the first flow divider 16 and the first flow collector 17, the cooling circulation loop a can be divided into a plurality of cooling branches a1 in the box 1 for cooling the plurality of energy storage devices 2, and the spraying branch b is a horizontally arranged pipeline installed on the side surface of the first flow divider 16.
As an alternative of the present invention, two or more first flow splitters 16 and two or more first flow collectors 17 are provided, a second flow splitter 18 and a second flow collector 19 are provided on the cooling circulation loop a, a plurality of first flow splitters 16 are all communicated with the second flow splitter 18, and a plurality of first flow collectors 17 are all communicated with the second flow collector 19 through a pipeline to achieve confluence; the first flow divider 16 and the first flow collector 17 are provided with two or more so that the cooling branch a1 and the spraying branch b can be provided with more numbers in the case 1 to meet the cooling and fire extinguishing requirements of the high-power and large-volume energy storage device.
As an alternative of the present invention, the energy storage device 2 includes an energy storage casing 21, a battery module 22, a heat conducting plate 23, a heat conducting material layer 24 and a cold plate 25, the battery module 22 is disposed in the energy storage casing 21, the heat conducting plate 23 and the battery module 22 are integrally sealed and formed, the heat conducting plate 23 extends out of the energy storage casing 21, the cold plate 25 is disposed outside the energy storage casing 21, the cooling passage 20 is located in the cold plate 25, the cooling passage 20 is a flow passage inside the cold plate 25, the heat conducting material layer 24 is used for heat exchange between the heat conducting plate 23 and the cold plate 25, one end surface of the heat conducting material layer 24 abuts against an outer wall of the heat conducting plate 23 extending out of the energy storage casing 21, the other end surface abuts against an end surface of the cold plate 25, the heat conducting plate 23 exchanges heat through the heat conducting material layer 24 and the cold plate 25, the battery, the heat conducting material layer 24 is transmitted to the cold plate 25, and the cold plate 25 transmits heat to the refrigerant through the cooling passage 20 to achieve the purpose of temperature reduction; the closed modular energy storage device 2 and the indirect heat conduction design of the energy storage device 2 and the cooling passage 20 can conduct heat management on the energy storage device 2, and can be dustproof and waterproof, so that the energy storage device 2 is maintained and replaced as a unit, and subsequent echelon utilization is facilitated.
In this embodiment, the cold plate 25 may be one of an inflation cold plate, a buried tube cold plate, a vacuum brazing cold plate, a friction stir welding cold plate, and a cavity cold plate; in an alternative embodiment, the cold plate 25 is an inflated cold plate; in a second alternative embodiment, the cold plate 25 is a buried tube cold plate; in a third alternative embodiment, the cold plate 25 is a vacuum brazed cold plate; in an alternative embodiment, a friction stir welded cold plate; optionally, a fifth embodiment is a cavity-type cold plate.
In the present embodiment, the heat conductive material layer 24 is one of a heat conductive potting adhesive, a heat conductive gasket, a heat conductive silicone grease, and a heat conductive gel; in an alternative embodiment, the heat conductive material layer 24 is a heat conductive potting adhesive; in another optional embodiment, the thermally conductive material layer 24 is a thermally conductive gasket; in another alternative embodiment, the heat conductive material layer 24 is heat conductive silicone grease; in an alternative embodiment, the thermally conductive material layer 24 is a thermally conductive gel.
The shunt mentioned in this embodiment may be made of stainless steel, copper, iron or plastic, and may be a two-head shunt, a three-head shunt, a four-head shunt, or a six-head shunt; the current collector can be stainless steel, copper, iron or plastic, and can be a two-head current collector, a three-head current collector, a four-head current collector or a six-head current collector.
Example 2
With reference to fig. 1, a control method for a cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for an energy storage device according to the first embodiment includes the following steps, S1: the temperature sensor monitors the temperature in the box body 1 in real time, and judges whether the temperature exceeds a preset value in the controller 12 according to the measured temperature value; if the temperature value does not exceed the preset value, executing S2; if the temperature value exceeds the preset value, executing S3; s2: the controller 12 opens the first on-off valve 7, closes the second on-off valve 9 and the third on-off valve 11; s3: the controller 12 opens the second on-off valve 9, closes the first on-off valve 7, and executes S4 when the amount of refrigerant in the liquid storage tank 5 is lower than a preset value in the controller 12; s4: the controller 12 opens the third switching valve 11; in the above steps, the compressor 3, the condenser 4, the liquid storage tank 5 and the throttle valve 6 are all in a normally open state.
In the present embodiment, the preset temperature value in the controller 12 is 70 ℃ in step S1.
In this embodiment, in step S3, the preset value of the amount of refrigerant in the controller 12 is 2%, and the determination parameter is that the pressure in the liquid storage tank is lower than the pressure corresponding to the 2% storage amount, and the refrigerant is different, and the pressure is different, and may be set according to actual conditions.
As an alternative of the implementation, when the amount of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent tank 10 is lower than the preset value in the controller 12 and the temperature sensor is still higher than the preset value in the controller 12, the fifth switch valve 15 is opened, the municipal fire-fighting water in the fire-fighting water supply pipe 14 is sprayed to the whole tank body 1 through the second fire-fighting branch e and the cooling circulation loop a, and submerged fire extinguishing is carried out, so that the possibility of reburning is completely eradicated, and the fire behavior is controlled in time; in this embodiment, the predetermined amount of fire extinguishing agent in the controller 12 is 5%, and the corresponding pressure values of different types of fire extinguishing agents are different and can be set according to actual conditions.
In the embodiment, a three-level fire extinguishing agent spraying design is adopted, so that the fire extinguishing efficiency is greatly improved, and the fire behavior can be effectively controlled; in the first stage, the refrigerant is used for extinguishing fire, the refrigerant is changed into low-temperature droplets after being throttled and depressurized by the spray head, the droplets diffuse around, the temperature of each part of the energy storage device can be quickly reduced by absorbing heat through phase change at each part, the temperature is quickly reduced, the fire is extinguished, and the thermal diffusion of the battery is inhibited. The second stage, using a back-up fire extinguishing agent for continuous inhibition to prevent reburning; and thirdly, if the thermal runaway fire of the battery is not controlled, connecting municipal fire water, and cooling and extinguishing fire by using a large amount of water.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, without departing from the spirit of the invention, the person skilled in the art shall not inventively design the similar structural modes and embodiments to the technical solution, but shall fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a cooling fire control hybrid system for energy memory which characterized in that: comprises that
The box body is internally provided with a plurality of energy storage devices, and cooling passages are arranged on the energy storage devices;
the cooling circulation loop comprises a plurality of cooling branches communicated with the cooling passage, the cooling circulation loop is sequentially connected with a compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage tank, a throttle valve and a first switch valve for controlling the on-off of the cooling circulation loop, and a flame-retardant refrigerant is stored in the liquid storage tank;
at least one spraying branch is arranged in the box body, the spraying branch is arranged above the energy storage device and is communicated with the cooling circulation loop, and a plurality of spray heads and a second switch valve for controlling the on-off of the spraying branch are arranged on the spraying branch; the fire extinguishing system further comprises a first fire extinguishing branch communicated with the cooling circulation loop, the other end of the first fire extinguishing branch is connected with a fire extinguishing agent tank, a third switch valve used for controlling the on-off of the first fire extinguishing branch is arranged on the first fire extinguishing branch, and a temperature sensor is arranged in the box body; the compressor, the condenser, the liquid storage tank, the throttle valve, the first switch valve, the second switch valve, the third switch valve and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected with the controller.
2. The cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for energy storage devices as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the liquid storage pot is connected with a fire extinguishing bypass, the other end of the fire extinguishing bypass is communicated with the cooling circulation loop through the throttling valve, a fourth switch valve used for controlling the on-off of the fire extinguishing bypass is arranged on the fire extinguishing bypass, and the fourth switch valve is electrically connected with the controller.
3. The cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for energy storage devices as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the fire extinguishing system is characterized by further comprising a second fire extinguishing branch communicated with the cooling circulation loop, the other end of the second fire extinguishing branch is connected with a fire extinguishing water supply pipe, a fifth switch valve used for controlling the on-off of the second fire extinguishing branch is arranged on the second fire extinguishing branch, and the fifth switch valve is electrically connected with the controller.
4. The cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for energy storage devices as set forth in claim 1, wherein: at least one first current divider and at least one first current collector are arranged in the box body, the first current divider and the first current collector are arranged on the cooling circulation loop, and the plurality of cooling branches are respectively arranged between the first current divider and the first current collector.
5. The cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for the energy storage device as recited in claim 4, wherein: the first current divider and the first current collector are respectively provided with two or more than two, the cooling circulation loop is provided with a second current divider and a second current collector, the plurality of first current dividers are communicated with the second current divider, and the plurality of first current collectors are communicated with the second current collector.
6. The cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for energy storage devices as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the energy storage device comprises an energy storage shell, a battery module, a heat conducting plate, a heat conducting material layer and a cold plate, wherein the battery module is arranged in the energy storage shell, the cold plate is arranged outside the energy storage shell, a cooling passage is arranged in the cold plate, and the heat conducting material layer is used for heat exchange between the heat conducting plate and the cold plate.
7. The cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for energy storage devices as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the flame-retardant refrigerant is one of R134a, R245fa, R402A, R404A, R405A, R407C, heptafluoropropane and perfluorohexanone.
8. The cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for energy storage devices as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent tank is one of a water-based fire extinguishing agent, a foam fire extinguishing agent, a dry powder fire extinguishing agent, a heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent and a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent.
9. The cooling and fire-fighting hybrid system for energy storage devices as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the heat conducting material layer is one of heat conducting pouring sealant, heat conducting gasket, heat conducting silicone grease and heat conducting gel.
10. A control method for a cooling fire fighting hybrid system for energy storage devices according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s1: the temperature sensor monitors the temperature in the box body in real time, and judges whether the temperature exceeds a preset value in the controller or not according to the measured temperature value;
if the temperature value does not exceed the preset value, executing S2;
if the temperature value exceeds the preset value, executing S3;
s2: the controller opens the first switch valve and closes the second switch valve and the third switch valve;
s3: the controller opens the second switch valve, closes the first switch valve, and executes S4 when the amount of refrigerant in the liquid storage tank is lower than a preset value in the controller;
s4: the controller opens the third switch valve;
in the above steps, the compressor, the condenser, the liquid storage tank and the throttle valve are all in a normally open state.
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| CN113648565A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-11-16 | 上海融政能源科技有限公司 | Fire prevention and fire extinguishing control system for lithium battery energy storage equipment |
| CN114377321A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-22 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Fire fighting method for battery pack, fire fighting device for battery pack and energy storage equipment |
| CN114583341A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-06-03 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell, manufacturing method and manufacturing system thereof, battery and electric device |
| CN114949674A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-30 | 北京海博智恒电气防火科技有限公司 | Fire fighting device of energy storage cabinet and control method of fire fighting device |
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