CN216351134U - High-voltage direct-current power supply flashover detection and parameter metering system - Google Patents
High-voltage direct-current power supply flashover detection and parameter metering system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a flashover detection and parameter measurement system for a high-voltage direct-current power supply, which comprises a signal acquisition part and a signal processing part, wherein the signal acquisition part is used for acquiring a signal; the signal acquisition part comprises a first sampling circuit, a conditioning circuit and a voltage-frequency conversion circuit; the signal processing part is used for judging whether flashover occurs or not; when the flashover phenomenon of the high-voltage direct-current power supply flashover detection and parameter metering system occurs, the voltage-frequency conversion circuit works in an overclocking range, and the flashover phenomenon can be detected at an ultrahigh speed.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of power supply detection, in particular to a high-voltage direct-current power supply flashover detection and parameter measurement system.
Background
In the application scenario of the high-voltage dc power supply, in order to improve efficiency, it is desirable to operate the electric field at a voltage as high as possible. The electric field is in a flashover critical state, and the flashover can occur when the electric field environment is slightly disturbed. In practical application environments, the environment in the electric field changes dramatically every moment. Under such conditions, the occurrence of flashover phenomena in the electric field is inevitable. When flashover occurs, the electric field is instantaneously short-circuited, and the current is very large at the moment. The impact on a high-voltage direct-current power supply and loads (an electric dust removal tower and an electric tar precipitator) is large. The damage to the power supply and load components is mostly caused by flashover. The more frequent and long the flashover, the more the components of the power supply and load are damaged. Only when the occurrence of flashover is detected as soon as possible, the power supply can be stopped outputting energy to the load as soon as possible, and further the energy in the flashover process is reduced, so that the damage of the flashover phenomenon to the high-voltage direct-current power supply and the load thereof is reduced to the greatest extent. Meanwhile, the method has high requirements on the anti-interference capability of the power supply parameter metering circuit in such a severe environment.
The current flashover detection schemes of the high-voltage direct-current power supply can be divided into two categories, namely hardware circuit detection and software algorithm detection.
The hardware circuit has high detection speed, but has the problems of poor adaptability, easy misjudgment or missed judgment, need of adjusting the parameters of the circuit device on site, easy damage in a flashover state and the like. Meanwhile, the judgment result of the hardware circuit is a switching value signal obtained by comparing the upper limit and the lower limit, and the metering value of the output voltage and current of the high-voltage direct-current power supply cannot be obtained. The parameter measurement needs to be parallel to a signal transmission channel for measurement.
The software algorithm has high detection accuracy and strong adaptability, can give consideration to flashover judgment and parameter measurement, but has the problem of low reaction speed. The shortest judgment time which can be reached by the scheme is more than hundreds of microseconds.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problems, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
a high-voltage direct-current power supply flashover detection and parameter measurement system comprises a signal acquisition part and a signal processing part;
the signal acquisition part comprises a first sampling circuit, a conditioning circuit and a first voltage-frequency conversion circuit;
the first sampling circuit is used for acquiring voltage values at two ends of a sampling resistor connected with a power supply in series, the input end of the first sampling circuit is connected with the output end of the power supply to acquire a power supply output current signal, and the output end of the first sampling circuit is connected with the conditioning circuit;
the conditioning circuit is used for filtering and amplifying signals of voltage values at two ends of the sampling resistor, the input end of the conditioning circuit is connected with the sampling circuit, and the output end of the conditioning circuit is connected with the first voltage-frequency conversion circuit;
the first voltage-frequency conversion circuit is used for converting the voltage signal into a first frequency square wave signal, and the output end of the first voltage-frequency conversion circuit is connected with the signal processing part;
the signal processing part judges whether flashover occurs through the first frequency square wave signal.
Preferably, the signal acquisition part further comprises an optical signal transmission circuit, the optical signal transmission circuit is used for converting the first frequency square wave signal output by the first voltage-frequency conversion circuit into an optical signal from an electric signal, so that the optical signal is convenient to transmit, and the optical signal transmission circuit restores the signal into the electric signal before being connected with the signal processing part so as to be convenient to process;
and the flashover detection module judges whether flashover occurs or not through the signals acquired by the signal acquisition part.
Preferably, the signal processing part comprises a logic chip, the logic chip comprises a flashover detection module, and the flashover detection module judges whether flashover occurs through the first frequency square wave signal.
Preferably, the flashover detection module judges whether flashover occurs or not according to the interval time of the first frequency square wave.
Preferably, the signal processing part includes a first frequency measurement module, and the first frequency measurement module acquires a first frequency square wave signal, measures a first frequency square wave according to the input first frequency square wave signal, and outputs a measurement value.
Preferably, the signal processing part further comprises an auxiliary detection module, and the auxiliary detection module is connected with the flashover detection module;
the auxiliary detection module obtains the time of a plurality of continuous square waves from the first sampling circuit for averaging, and the flashover detection module obtains the average value as a detection result to calibrate and judge whether flashover occurs or not.
Preferably, the signal acquisition part further comprises a second sampling circuit and a second frequency metering module;
the second sampling circuit is used for acquiring power supply voltage output by the power supply, the input end of the second sampling circuit is connected with the power supply output end to acquire a voltage signal output by the power supply, and the output end of the second sampling circuit is connected with the second frequency metering module through the conditioning circuit, the second voltage-frequency conversion circuit and the optical signal transmission circuit;
the second frequency metering module acquires a second frequency square wave signal, meters a second frequency square wave according to the input second frequency square wave signal, and outputs a metering value.
Preferably, the signal processing part further comprises a flashover detection calibration module, and the flashover detection calibration module is connected with the flashover detection module and the second frequency metering module;
the flashover detection and calibration module is used for detecting a flashover phenomenon according to a power supply voltage signal output by the power supply, so that the condition that flashover is judged by using power supply output current is calibrated.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that the utility model uses one signal transmission channel and simultaneously realizes two functions of parameter measurement and flashover rapid detection of the high-voltage direct-current power supply. When the parameters are measured, the voltage-frequency conversion circuit works in a linear frequency range, and an accurate measurement value can be obtained. When the flashover phenomenon occurs, the voltage-frequency conversion circuit works in an overclocking range, and the flashover phenomenon can be detected at an ultrahigh speed. The utility model comprehensively utilizes the characteristics of high hardware circuit speed and strong software adaptability, realizes wide environmental adaptability and can shorten the judgment time to be within 5 microseconds.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flashover detection and parameter measurement system of a high-voltage direct-current power supply in embodiment 1 of the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for detecting flashover and measuring parameters of a high voltage DC power supply in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a flashover detection and parameter measurement system of a high-voltage direct-current power supply according to embodiment 3 of the utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a flashover detection and parameter measurement system of a high voltage DC power supply in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a flashover detection and parameter measurement system of a high voltage DC power supply in embodiment 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a line graph of the output voltage and the output frequency of the first voltage-to-frequency conversion circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the variation of signals when flashover occurs according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a line graph showing the variation of the output current and output voltage of the power supply when a flashover occurs according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a characteristic curve diagram of the power output voltage U under different states according to the embodiment of the utility model.
Detailed Description
The method of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the utility model.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for detecting a flashover of a high voltage dc power supply and measuring parameters, including a signal acquisition part and a signal processing part;
the signal acquisition part comprises a first sampling circuit, a conditioning circuit and a first voltage-frequency conversion circuit;
the first sampling circuit is used for acquiring voltage values at two ends of the sampling resistor, the input end of the first sampling circuit is connected with the output end of the power supply, and the output end of the first sampling circuit is connected with the conditioning circuit;
the conditioning circuit is used for filtering and amplifying voltage value signals at two ends of the sampling resistor, the input end of the conditioning circuit is connected with the sampling circuit, and the output end of the conditioning circuit is connected with the first voltage-frequency conversion circuit;
the first voltage-frequency conversion circuit is used for converting the voltage signal into a first frequency square wave signal, and the output end of the first voltage-frequency conversion circuit is connected with the signal processing part;
the signal processing part judges whether flashover occurs through the first frequency square wave signal.
In the specific implementation process, the sampling resistor is connected with the power output end in series, and the first sampling circuit acquires voltage values at two ends of the sampling resistor.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, in the conventional application of the voltage-to-frequency conversion circuit, it is necessary to ensure high linearity between the input voltage signal and the output frequency signal, so as to achieve the purpose of restoring the voltage value by the frequency value. The circuit now operates in the linear frequency range. When the input voltage is too high, so that the output frequency exceeds the linear frequency range, we call an "over-frequency state". Under the overclocking state, the linearity of the input voltage signal and the output frequency signal is greatly reduced. When the input voltage suddenly increases beyond the linear operating range of the circuit, the output frequency also sharply increases. In this case, although the output frequency cannot express an accurate input voltage value, the output frequency can quickly reflect the degree of rapid increase in the output voltage.
As shown in fig. 7, the present invention utilizes the characteristic of the voltage-to-frequency conversion circuit operating in the over-frequency state to quickly detect the occurrence of the flashover phenomenon, and when the flashover occurs, the power supply output current sharply increases, and the input signal of the voltage-to-frequency conversion circuit sharply increases. The voltage-frequency conversion circuit can reach the over-frequency working range, and the output frequency is increased sharply. The signal delay of the voltage-to-frequency conversion circuit depends on the current output frequency value. The higher the input signal voltage, the higher the output frequency, and the smaller the delay. This characteristic is matched with the variation of the output current of the high-voltage direct-current power supply in the flashover state.
As shown in fig. 8, the load condition resembles a short circuit when a flashover occurs. The output current of the high-voltage direct-current power supply is increased instantly, and the output voltage of the high-voltage direct-current power supply is reduced rapidly. At time t0, a flashover occurs, the power supply output current I increases rapidly, and the power supply output voltage U decreases rapidly. Ostensibly, the characteristics of both signals can be used to detect flashover phenomena. However, the output voltage U signal of the high-voltage direct-current power supply is very complex and has many harmonic waves. The signal conditioning process to acquire valid data results in a very large delay of the signal. The effect for rapid detection of flashover is lost. The current signal is relatively clean and can be used after being simply conditioned, and the delay is very small.
In the specific implementation process, the utility model uses one signal transmission channel and simultaneously realizes two functions of parameter metering and flashover rapid detection of the high-voltage direct-current power supply. When the parameters are measured, the voltage-frequency conversion circuit works in a linear frequency range, and an accurate measurement value can be obtained. When the flashover phenomenon occurs, the voltage-frequency conversion circuit works in an overclocking range, and the flashover phenomenon can be detected at an ultrahigh speed.
The utility model utilizes the over-frequency characteristic of the voltage-frequency conversion circuit as the key principle of flashover detection. The voltage-frequency conversion circuit is used as a key part of the power supply output voltage current measurement. Firstly, converting a voltage and current signal output by a power supply into a frequency square wave signal, and then metering.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes a signal acquisition part and a signal processing part, wherein the signal processing part processes a frequency signal obtained by voltage-frequency conversion by using a flashover detection module in a logic chip, measures a time length between two square wave signals, and compares the time length with a comparison value. If the time is shorter than the comparison value, the flashover is considered to occur, i.e. at time t1 in fig. 3. The comparison values can be modified in a purely software manner.
Example 2
This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that: the signal acquisition part also comprises an optical signal transmission circuit, and the optical signal transmission circuit is used for converting the first frequency square wave signal output by the first voltage-frequency conversion circuit into an optical signal from an electric signal;
the flashover detection module judges whether flashover occurs through the first frequency square wave signals collected by the signal collection part.
In a specific implementation process, the flashover detection module can record a time value by a timer when detecting edge change of a pulse signal; when the next edge arrives, the timer records the time value again; and comparing the time value difference with a preset standard threshold value, and outputting a corresponding signal.
The flashover detection module can also realize flashover detection through a pulse width comparison circuit, and is specific: the pulse width comparison circuit comprises an edge conversion circuit, wherein the edge conversion circuit generates a first control signal when detecting the rising edge of the first frequency square wave signal, and generates a second control signal when detecting the falling edge of the first frequency square wave signal.
And the capacitance electric quantity adjusting circuit connected with the edge conversion circuit charges the capacitance in the edge conversion circuit under the control of the first control signal, and discharges the capacitance in the edge conversion circuit under the control of the second control signal so as to generate triangular waves on the capacitance.
The hysteresis comparator is connected with the capacitance electric quantity adjusting circuit, and outputs a high level when the voltage of the triangular wave is higher than a preset positive overturning voltage and outputs a low level when the voltage of the triangular wave is lower than a preset negative overturning voltage; the voltage comparator outputs corresponding signals according to the high level and the low level. Specifically, a high level indicates that a flashover has occurred, whereas a high level indicates that a flashover has not occurred.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the optical signal transmission circuit converts an electrical signal into an optical signal for transmission, so as to implement photoelectric isolation of the metering system. The anti-interference capability of the system can be greatly improved, the system is suitable for severe application environments of high-voltage direct-current power supplies, and the fault rate of a metering system is reduced.
Example 3
This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 2 except that: the signal processing part comprises a first frequency metering module, the first frequency metering module acquires a first frequency square wave signal, meters a first frequency square wave according to the input first frequency square wave signal, and outputs a metering value.
In this embodiment, the first frequency measurement module may measure the number of edge changes of the first frequency square wave or the interval time between the edges, and use the number of edge changes or the interval time between the edges as a measurement value. The metric is related to the current output by the power supply.
As shown in fig. 3, in the specific implementation process, the present embodiment uses one signal transmission channel to simultaneously implement two functions of parameter measurement and flashover fast detection of the high voltage dc power supply. When the parameter is measured, the first voltage-frequency conversion circuit works in a linear frequency range, and an accurate measurement value can be obtained.
Example 4
This example is substantially the same as example 3, except that: as shown in fig. 4, the signal processing part further includes an auxiliary detection module, and the auxiliary detection module is connected to the flashover detection module;
the auxiliary detection module obtains the time of a plurality of continuous square waves from the first sampling circuit for averaging, and the flashover detection module obtains the average value as a detection result to calibrate and judge whether flashover occurs or not.
In the specific implementation process, the signal processing part utilizes the flashover detection module and the auxiliary detection module in the logic chip to process the frequency signal obtained by the voltage-frequency conversion, and the total time length of the plurality of square wave signals is measured in a flowing mode, averaged and compared with a comparison value. If the average time is shorter than the comparison value, the flashover is considered to occur.
The total time length of the plurality of square wave signals is measured in a flowing mode and then averaged, so that interference signals can be filtered, and the probability of misjudgment is reduced.
Example 5
This example is substantially the same as example 3, except that: as shown in fig. 5, the signal acquisition part further includes a second sampling circuit and a second frequency measurement module;
the second sampling circuit is used for acquiring power supply voltage output by a power supply, the input end of the second sampling circuit is connected with the output end of the power supply, and the output end of the second sampling circuit is connected with the second frequency metering module through the conditioning circuit, the second voltage-frequency conversion circuit and the optical signal transmission circuit;
the second frequency metering module acquires a second frequency square wave signal of the power supply voltage, meters a second frequency square wave according to the input second frequency square wave signal of the power supply voltage, and outputs a metering value.
In this embodiment, the second frequency measurement module may measure the edge change times or the edge interval time of the second frequency square wave, and use the edge change times or the edge interval time as a measurement value. The metric is related to the supply voltage.
In a specific implementation process, the electricity consumption of the equipment can be measured through a metering value which is output by the first frequency metering module and related to current and a metering value which is output by the second frequency metering module and related to voltage.
The signal processing part also comprises a flashover detection calibration module, and the flashover detection calibration module is connected with the flashover detection module and the second frequency metering module;
the flashover detection and calibration module is used for detecting a flashover phenomenon according to a power supply voltage signal output by the power supply, so that the condition that flashover is judged by using power supply output current is calibrated.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, fig. 9 is a characteristic curve of the power output voltage U in different states. If a flashover occurs at time t0, the power supply output voltage becomes 0 at time t 1. If the power is normally off at time t0, the power supply output voltage drops to 0 at time t 2. In the experiment, t1-t0 is measured in hundreds of microseconds, while t2-t0 is measured in tens of milliseconds. The difference in characteristics is significant in the two states. By utilizing the characteristic, whether the flashover phenomenon occurs or not can be independently judged without being influenced by the action of the flashover quick judgment processing function.
In the specific implementation process, the flashover detection and calibration module utilizes the power output voltage signal to detect the flashover phenomenon, so that the condition for judging whether the power output current is used is calibrated at an ultra-fast speed.
In the specific implementation process, flashover detection is carried out through the following steps:
s1: the first sampling circuit converts the power supply output current signal into a variable voltage signal and transmits the variable voltage signal to the conditioning circuit;
s2: the conditioning circuit filters and amplifies the received voltage signal and transmits the voltage signal to the first voltage-frequency conversion circuit;
s3: the voltage-frequency conversion circuit converts the voltage signal into a first frequency square wave signal and transmits the first frequency square wave signal to the flashover detection module;
s4: and the flashover detection module processes the first frequency square wave signal, measures the time length between the two square wave signals and compares the time length with a comparison value. If the time is shorter than the comparison value, the flashover is considered to occur.
The auxiliary detection module measures the total time length of a plurality of continuous square wave signals in a flowing mode, the total time length is averaged, and the occurrence of the flashover phenomenon is judged according to the average value.
The flashover detection and calibration module detects a flashover phenomenon according to a power supply voltage signal output by the power supply and calibrates a condition for judging the occurrence of flashover by using power supply output current.
The voltage-frequency conversion circuit uses an ADVFC32KN chip for voltage-frequency conversion, and the signal processing part uses an FPGA chip (EP2C5T144I8) for processing frequency square-wave signals. If the FPGA chip is used for simultaneously controlling the equipment switch device, the best effect can be achieved. When the flashover is judged to occur, the power supply output can be stopped immediately under the condition that the state of the switching device allows.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "center", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Where "inside" refers to an interior or enclosed area or space. "periphery" refers to an area around a particular component or a particular area.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", "third", "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "assembled" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the description of the embodiments of the utility model, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that "-" and "-" indicate the same range of two numerical values, and the range includes the endpoints. For example, "A-B" means a range greater than or equal to A and less than or equal to B. "A to B" means a range of not less than A and not more than B.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the term "and/or" herein is only one kind of association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. High voltage direct current power flashover detects and parameter measurement system, its characterized in that: comprises a signal acquisition part and a signal processing part;
the signal acquisition part comprises a first sampling circuit, a conditioning circuit and a first voltage-frequency conversion circuit;
the first sampling circuit is used for acquiring voltage values at two ends of a sampling resistor connected with a power supply in series, the input end of the first sampling circuit is connected with the output end of the power supply, and the output end of the first sampling circuit is connected with the conditioning circuit;
the conditioning circuit is used for filtering and amplifying voltage value signals at two ends of the sampling resistor, the input end of the conditioning circuit is connected with the first sampling circuit, and the output end of the conditioning circuit is connected with the first voltage-frequency conversion circuit;
the first voltage-frequency conversion circuit is used for converting the voltage signal into a first frequency square wave signal, and the output end of the first voltage-frequency conversion circuit is connected with the signal processing part;
the signal processing part judges whether flashover occurs through the first frequency square wave signal.
2. The high voltage direct current power supply flashover detection and parameter metering system of claim 1, characterized in that:
the signal acquisition part also comprises an optical signal transmission circuit, and the optical signal transmission circuit is used for converting the first frequency square wave signal output by the first voltage-frequency conversion circuit into an optical signal from an electric signal.
3. The system for detecting flashover and measuring parameters of the high-voltage direct current power supply according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the signal processing part comprises a logic chip, the logic chip comprises a flashover detection module, and the flashover detection module judges whether flashover occurs or not through a first frequency square wave signal.
4. The high voltage direct current power supply flashover detection and parameter metering system of claim 3, characterized in that: and the flashover detection module judges whether flashover occurs or not according to the interval time of the first frequency square wave.
5. The high voltage direct current power supply flashover detection and parameter metering system of claim 3, characterized in that: the signal processing part comprises a first frequency metering module, the first frequency metering module acquires a first frequency square wave signal, and the frequency or time of the first frequency square wave is metered according to the input first frequency square wave signal.
6. The high voltage direct current power supply flashover detection and parameter metering system of claim 3, characterized in that: the signal processing part also comprises an auxiliary detection module which is connected with the flashover detection module;
the auxiliary detection module obtains the time of a plurality of continuous square waves from the first sampling circuit for averaging, and the flashover detection module obtains the average value as a detection result to calibrate and judge whether flashover occurs or not.
7. The high voltage direct current power supply flashover detection and parameter metering system of claim 3, characterized in that: the signal acquisition part also comprises a second sampling circuit and a second frequency metering module;
the second sampling circuit is used for acquiring power supply voltage output by a power supply, the input end of the second sampling circuit is connected with the output end of the power supply, and the output end of the second sampling circuit is connected with the second frequency metering module through the conditioning circuit, the second voltage-frequency conversion circuit and the optical signal transmission circuit;
and the second frequency metering module acquires a second frequency square wave signal and meters the times or time of the second frequency square wave according to the input second frequency square wave signal.
8. The high voltage direct current power supply flashover detection and parameter measurement system of claim 6, characterized in that: the signal processing part also comprises a flashover detection calibration module, and the flashover detection calibration module is connected with the flashover detection module and the second frequency metering module;
the flashover detection and calibration module is used for detecting a flashover phenomenon according to a power supply voltage signal output by the power supply, so that the condition that flashover is judged by using power supply output current is calibrated.
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| CN115166454A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-10-11 | 天津大学 | PCB flashover characteristic test system and method under transient overvoltage |
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| CN115166454A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-10-11 | 天津大学 | PCB flashover characteristic test system and method under transient overvoltage |
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