CN216324149U - Resource treatment system for waste incineration fly ash - Google Patents
Resource treatment system for waste incineration fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN216324149U CN216324149U CN202122805952.9U CN202122805952U CN216324149U CN 216324149 U CN216324149 U CN 216324149U CN 202122805952 U CN202122805952 U CN 202122805952U CN 216324149 U CN216324149 U CN 216324149U
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Abstract
A resourceful treatment system for waste incineration fly ash, including granulator, blendor and the smelting furnace that communicates in proper order, the fuse-element export intercommunication of smelting furnace has the cotton preparation unit of heat preservation, the exhanst gas outlet intercommunication of smelting furnace has flue gas processing unit. The resource treatment system for the waste incineration fly ash can realize high-efficiency and energy-saving treatment of the waste incineration fly ash, carry out high-temperature melting and solidification on the waste incineration fly ash, prepare the heat preservation cotton, and realize reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization of the waste incineration fly ash.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a resource treatment system for waste incineration fly ash, belonging to the field of environment-friendly equipment.
Background
The heavy metal-containing waste incineration fly ash is mainly derived from urban domestic waste, and along with the development of the society, the annual collection amount of the domestic waste is increasing at a higher speed. By 2016, it is known that 99 domestic garbage incinerators are put into operation in a country, and the total quantity of domestic garbage incineration reaches 73784 kt/a. Although the waste after incineration can achieve the purpose of stabilization and reduction, the waste after incineration can generate fly ash accounting for 1% -5% of the total amount of the waste, and the fly ash mainly comprises SiO2、CaO、Al2O3、Fe2O3And compounds such as sulfate, sodium salt, potassium salt, etc. In addition, since the fly ash contains heavy metal elements such as Hg, Mn, Mg, Sn, Cd, Pb, and Cr, trace levels of dioxins, and other pollutants, it is clearly specified in the "pollution control standards for municipal solid waste incineration" (GB18485) that the incineration fly ash should be disposed of as hazardous waste. The waste incineration fly ash mainly comprises three treatment means, namely a landfill method, a chemical treatment method and a solidification method, wherein the solidification method comprises cement solidification, asphalt solidification, chemical agent treatment, sintering solidification and melting solidification.
Although the cost of the traditional cement solidification landfill is low, the leaching risk of heavy metals is high, and the volume capacity increase is large; the chemical agent treatment landfill can not chelate dioxin and salt, the long-term stability is uncertain, the cost is moderate, and the land occupation cost of the landfill is high; the sintering and curing temperature is higher, the energy consumption is high, the tail gas treatment cost is high, and the chloride content is high. How to reduce, harmlessly and resource utilize the waste incineration fly ash is a problem to be solved urgently at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a resource treatment system for waste incineration fly ash to realize resource treatment of hazardous waste such as waste incineration fly ash and the like aiming at the defects of the prior art.
A resourceful treatment system for waste incineration fly ash, including granulator, blendor and the smelting furnace that communicates in proper order, the fuse-element export intercommunication of smelting furnace has the cotton preparation unit of heat preservation, the exhanst gas outlet intercommunication of smelting furnace has flue gas processing unit.
Furthermore, the heat preservation cotton preparation unit comprises a centrifugal machine, a cotton collection machine, a pendulum cotton spreading machine, a curing furnace and a cutting unit which are sequentially communicated, and a feed inlet of the centrifugal machine is communicated with a melt outlet of the melting furnace. And after solidification, obtaining high-temperature rock wool, and then cutting to obtain a heat-preservation cotton product which can be packaged and sold.
Further, the flue gas treatment unit comprises a waste heat boiler, a dust removal unit, a desulfurization unit, an RTO furnace, an SCR denitration device, a GGH heat exchanger and a first wet electric dust remover which are sequentially communicated, wherein the waste heat boiler is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the smelting furnace;
the GGH heat exchanger is provided with a first medium inlet, a first medium outlet, a second medium inlet and a second medium outlet, the first medium inlet is communicated with the atmosphere, the first medium outlet is communicated with heat utilization equipment, the second medium inlet is communicated with an air outlet of the SCR denitration device, and the second medium outlet is communicated with an air inlet of the first wet-type electric dust collector. Optionally, the heat utilization equipment is a heat insulation cotton preparation unit.
Further, the first medium inlet is communicated with an induced draft fan, and an air inlet of the induced draft fan is communicated with the atmosphere.
Further, the dust removal unit comprises a quench tower and a wet dust collector which are sequentially communicated, and an air inlet of the quench tower is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler.
Further, the device also comprises a rinsing bath, a filter press, a calcium removal unit, a heavy metal removal unit and a crystallization unit which are sequentially communicated; and a dust outlet of the waste heat boiler is communicated with a feed inlet of the rinsing bath, and the bottom side of the wet dust collector is communicated with the feed inlet of the rinsing bath.
Further, still include second wet-type electrostatic precipitator, the gas outlet of collection cotton machine, the gas outlet of pendulum shop cotton machine, the gas outlet of curing oven all communicate with the air inlet of second wet-type electrostatic precipitator.
Further, the smelting furnace is an oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace.
When in operation, the waste incineration fly ash can be granulated through the granulator so as to be suitable for the subsequent smelting environment; then, uniformly mixing the obtained particles with materials such as aluminum ash, oil sludge, quartz stone, carbon and the like through a mixer, inputting the mixture into a smelting furnace for high-temperature smelting, and producing heat-insulating cotton (namely rock wool) from the obtained melt through a heat-insulating cotton preparation unit; the obtained flue gas can be subjected to harmless and recycling treatment through the flue gas treatment unit.
The resource treatment system for the waste incineration fly ash can realize high-efficiency and energy-saving treatment of the waste incineration fly ash, carry out high-temperature melting and solidification on the waste incineration fly ash, prepare the heat preservation cotton, and realize reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization of the waste incineration fly ash.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a resource treatment system for fly ash from waste incineration according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the following description are used only to indicate the correspondence between the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.
Referring to fig. 1, the resource treatment system for waste incineration fly ash of the embodiment includes a granulator 1, a mixer 2 and a smelting furnace 3 which are sequentially communicated, a melt outlet of the smelting furnace 3 is communicated with a heat preservation cotton preparation unit, and a flue gas outlet of the smelting furnace 3 is communicated with a flue gas treatment unit. The heat preservation cotton preparation unit comprises a centrifuge 4, a cotton collection machine 5, a pendulum cotton spreading machine 6, a curing oven 7 and a cutting unit 8 which are sequentially communicated, a feed inlet of the centrifuge 4 is communicated with a melt outlet of a smelting furnace 3, and the cotton collection machine 5 and the pendulum cotton spreading machine 6 are connected through a belt conveyor. The flue gas treatment unit comprises a waste heat boiler 11, a dust removal unit 12, a desulfurization unit 13, an RTO furnace 14, an SCR denitration device 15, a GGH heat exchanger 16 and a first wet type electric dust remover 17 which are sequentially communicated, and the waste heat boiler 11 is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the smelting furnace 3. The smelting furnace is an oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace. The desulfurization unit 13 includes a wet desulfurization tower and a solid-liquid separator communicating with the bottom side of the wet desulfurization tower.
The GGH heat exchanger 16 is provided with a first medium inlet, a first medium outlet, a second medium inlet and a second medium outlet, the first medium inlet is communicated with the atmosphere, the first medium outlet is communicated with the curing oven 7, the second medium inlet is communicated with the gas outlet of the SCR denitration device 15, and the second medium outlet is communicated with the gas inlet of the first wet electric dust collector 17.
The first medium inlet is communicated with an induced draft fan 23, and an air inlet of the induced draft fan 23 is communicated with the atmosphere.
The dust removal unit 12 comprises a quench tower and a wet dust collector which are sequentially communicated, and an air inlet of the quench tower is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 11.
The device also comprises a rinsing bath 18, a filter press 19, a calcium removal unit 20, a heavy metal removal unit 21 and a crystallization unit 22 which are sequentially communicated, wherein the crystallization unit 22 is a triple-effect evaporator. The dust outlet of the waste heat boiler 11 is communicated with the feed inlet of the rinsing bath 18, and the bottom side of the wet dust collector is communicated with the feed inlet of the rinsing bath 18. During calcium removal, calcium removal agents such as sodium carbonate and the like can be added into the calcium removal unit 20, calcium slag and a liquid phase can be obtained through sedimentation separation, the calcium slag can be returned to be used as a smelting raw material, the liquid phase can be further sent into the heavy metal removal unit 21, heavy metals are precipitated after being mixed with agents such as sodium sulfide and the like, heavy metal slag and residual liquid are obtained, the heavy metal slag can be sold, and the residual liquid can be sent into the crystallization unit 22 for fractional crystallization.
Still include second wet-type electrostatic precipitator 9, the gas outlet of collection cotton machine 5, the gas outlet of pendulum shop cotton machine 6, the gas outlet of curing oven 7 all communicate with the air inlet of second wet-type electrostatic precipitator 9.
The applicant adopts the resource treatment system for waste incineration fly ash to perform trial treatment on waste such as waste incineration fly ash, aluminum ash and oil sludge. After 2 ten thousand tons of domestic waste incineration fly ash, 6 tons of aluminum ash, 4 tons of oil sludge and a proper amount of additive are mixed according to a certain proportion through the recycling treatment system, 2 ten thousand 5 tons of heat preservation cotton are produced, and the concrete process is as follows:
(1) ingredients
The household garbage incineration fly ash is granulated and then uniformly mixed with aluminum ash, oil sludge, quartz stone and carbon for later use.
(2) Oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting
The material melting process is carried out in an oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace. The oxygen-enriched combustion technology is that oxygen-enriched air with oxygen concentration higher than that of air (with 21 percent of oxygen) is used for combustion, firstly, oxygen is mixed with air, the oxygen concentration in the oxygen-enriched air is increased to more than 50 percent, then the oxygen and natural gas are blown into a melt of a side-blown converter together for combustion, and carbon essence in the mixture can partially react with the oxygen to release heat, so that the oxygen-enriched combustion technology is favorable for accelerating the combustion speed, reducing the ignition temperature of fuel and the burnout time, and reducing the smoke volume after combustion and the generation amount of NOx.
The method comprises the following steps that after materials enter a smelting furnace, adsorbed water is evaporated firstly, the temperature in the smelting furnace is about 1400-1500 ℃, the materials form a melt after complex physical and chemical reaction in the furnace, the melted hot melt enters an electric heating area to pass through the electric heating area and is kept warm, the temperature is continuously heated to more than 1500 ℃, and the stable hot melt flows into a subsequent centrifuge through a chute so as to enter a subsequent fiber forming process. The temperature of high-temperature flue gas generated in the side blowing furnace reaches 1300 ℃, the high-temperature flue gas enters a waste heat boiler for waste heat utilization, and the temperature range of waste heat recovery is 1300-500 ℃. (3) Flue gas purification system
The medium-temperature flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat furnace enters a subsequent dust removal unit for dust removal treatment, a wet dust remover adopts a two-stage dynamic wave washing process, the medium-temperature flue gas in the dynamic wave washer is in contact with atomized water drops for rapid cooling, synthesis of dioxin can also be effectively prevented, dust received by a waste heat boiler and slurry of the wet dust remover enter a water washing tank together for salt dissolution, chloride is washed into washing water in a washing section, washing slag obtained by pressure filtration after washing can be used as a raw material and returned to a side-blown furnace, the washing water is subjected to calcium removal, heavy metal removal and precise filtration to obtain qualified brine mother liquor, the mother liquor crystallizes sodium chloride and potassium chloride step by step in a three-effect evaporator to obtain product-grade sodium chloride and potassium chloride, calcium slag obtained by calcium removal can be used as a raw material and returned to the side-blown furnace, and the obtained heavy metal slag can be sold. The flue gas after high-efficiency wet dust removal enters a wet-type desulfurizing tower for desulfurization, and SO in the flue gas is removed by lime2And finally produced in the form of desulfurized gypsum. The desulfurized gas enters an RTO furnace to burn off residual CO gas, the temperature of the flue gas is increased to about 300 ℃, the heated flue gas enters SCR denitration for catalytic denitration, the denitrated high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with cold air, the exchanged hot air is used for solidification, and the cooled flue gas enters a first wet electric dust remover 17 to further remove particles and finally reaches 10mg/Nm3Then the air is exhausted from the high exhaust pipe in the upper air.
(3) Fiber formation
The melt from the smelting furnace flows into a centrifuge through a furnace body chute and is drafted into fibers under the action of high-speed centrifugal force and high-speed airflow provided by a high-pressure fan, raw material glue is sprayed in the centrifuging process, and the fibers are blown into a cotton collector. The slag balls in the centrifugal machine are separated, and the slag balls fall into a slag pit and can be used as raw materials to return to the side-blown converter.
(5) Cotton collection and pendulum laying cotton
The cotton collector is used for collecting the deslagging fiber obtained in the fiber forming process into a cotton felt and sending the cotton felt to the subsequent process. The fiber sprayed with the glue can be collected in a triangular mesh belt cotton collection mode, and the fiber containing the glue forms an initial cotton felt on the surface of a cotton collection screen plate running at a high speed under the combined action of a centrifugal machine, wind ring blowing and cotton collection machine air draft. The square meter weight of the primary cotton felt is adjusted by changing the rotating speed of the cotton collecting drum to meet the requirements of products.
The primary cotton felt formed on the cotton collecting screen plate is conveyed to a pendulum cotton spreading machine through a belt conveyor, and the primary cotton felt is spread into a secondary cotton felt layer with multiple layers of folds on a forming conveyor under the reciprocating swing action of a pendulum belt. The pendulum spread felt makes the cotton felt of the product more uniform and ensures the uniformity of the density of the product in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction. Weighing and prepressing the cotton felt, and then conveying the cotton felt to a subsequent curing furnace.
Waste gas with main components of particulate matters, formaldehyde and phenol generated in the cotton collecting and pendulum spreading processes can be sent to the second wet electric dust collector for treatment and then is discharged at high altitude through a 30m exhaust pipe P2.
(6) Curing and post-treatment
The formed multilayer cotton felt enters a curing furnace after being pressurized, the felt layer is pressurized by an upper chain plate and a lower chain plate and penetrates through hot air in the curing furnace for curing to form heat preservation cotton with certain thickness and volume weight, the curing furnace generates hot air circulation heating by an electric heating system, and meanwhile, the hot air sent by a GGH heat exchanger can be used for heating, so that the energy consumption is saved. The main pollutants of the curing waste gas generated by the curing furnace are formaldehyde and phenol, and the formaldehyde and the phenol can be sent to a wet electric dust removal device for treatment and then discharged at high altitude through an exhaust funnel.
And conveying the cured heat insulation cotton to a cutting device for cutting treatment to obtain the heat insulation cotton with the target size. Cutting waste gas is generated in the process, main pollutants are particles, the particles are discharged in the high air through an exhaust funnel after being treated by the bag-type dust remover 10, and the dust can be recycled and returned to the smelting furnace as a raw material. The cut heat preservation cotton can be packaged and put in storage by adopting an automatic packaging system.
The foregoing examples are set forth to illustrate the present invention more clearly and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model, which is defined in the appended claims to which the utility model pertains, as modified in all equivalent forms, by those skilled in the art after reading the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A resource treatment system for waste incineration fly ash is characterized by comprising a granulator (1), a mixer (2) and a smelting furnace (3) which are communicated in sequence; the melt outlet of the smelting furnace (3) is communicated with a heat-preservation cotton preparation unit, and the flue gas outlet of the smelting furnace (3) is communicated with a flue gas treatment unit.
2. The resourceful treatment system for waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein the heat preservation cotton preparation unit comprises a centrifuge (4), a cotton collection machine (5), a pendulum cotton spreading machine (6), a curing oven (7) and a cutting unit (8) which are communicated in sequence, and a feed inlet of the centrifuge (4) is communicated with a melt outlet of the smelting oven (3).
3. The resource treatment system for the fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas treatment unit comprises a waste heat boiler (11), a dust removal unit (12), a desulfurization unit (13), an RTO furnace (14), an SCR denitration device (15), a GGH heat exchanger (16) and a first wet electric dust remover (17) which are communicated in sequence, and the waste heat boiler (11) is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the smelting furnace (3);
the GGH heat exchanger (16) is provided with a first medium inlet, a first medium outlet, a second medium inlet and a second medium outlet, the first medium inlet is communicated with the atmosphere, the first medium outlet is communicated with heat utilization equipment, the second medium inlet is communicated with an air outlet of the SCR denitration device (15), and the second medium outlet is communicated with an air inlet of the first wet electric dust collector (17).
4. The resource treatment system for waste incineration fly ash according to claim 3, wherein the first medium inlet is communicated with an induced draft fan (23), and an air inlet of the induced draft fan (23) is communicated with the atmosphere.
5. A resource treatment system for fly ash from waste incineration as set forth in claim 3, wherein the dust removal unit (12) comprises a quenching tower and a wet dust collector which are communicated in sequence, and an air inlet of the quenching tower is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler (11).
6. The resource treatment system for the fly ash from waste incineration as claimed in claim 5, further comprising a rinsing bath (18), a filter press (19), a calcium removal unit (20), a heavy metal removal unit (21) and a crystallization unit (22) which are communicated in sequence; and a dust outlet of the waste heat boiler (11) is communicated with a feed inlet of the rinsing bath (18), and the bottom side of the wet dust collector is communicated with the feed inlet of the rinsing bath (18).
7. A resource treatment system for fly ash from waste incineration as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a second wet electric dust collector (9), wherein the air outlet of the cotton collector (5), the air outlet of the pendulum cotton spreader (6) and the air outlet of the curing oven (7) are communicated with the air inlet of the second wet electric dust collector (9).
8. The recycling treatment system for fly ash from waste incineration according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the smelting furnace is an oxygen-rich side-blown smelting furnace.
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| CN202122805952.9U CN216324149U (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Resource treatment system for waste incineration fly ash |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115121590A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-30 | 重庆新离子环境科技有限公司 | High-temperature melting treatment method for household garbage incineration fly ash by cooperating with sludge and aluminum ash |
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2021
- 2021-11-16 CN CN202122805952.9U patent/CN216324149U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115121590A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-30 | 重庆新离子环境科技有限公司 | High-temperature melting treatment method for household garbage incineration fly ash by cooperating with sludge and aluminum ash |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of utility model: Resource based treatment system for waste incineration fly ash Effective date of registration: 20230420 Granted publication date: 20220419 Pledgee: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited Changsha Fenglin Branch Pledgor: HUNAN RUIYI ZIHUAN TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2023430000012 |
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |