CN216311835U - Fuel cell plate and proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Google Patents
Fuel cell plate and proton exchange membrane fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN216311835U CN216311835U CN202122282845.2U CN202122282845U CN216311835U CN 216311835 U CN216311835 U CN 216311835U CN 202122282845 U CN202122282845 U CN 202122282845U CN 216311835 U CN216311835 U CN 216311835U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The utility model relates to a fuel cell plate and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell plate comprises a substrate, wherein a flow field air inlet, a flow field air outlet and a flow field pipeline for connecting the flow field air inlet and the flow field air outlet are arranged on the substrate; there are at least part of the flow field pipe sections: the flow field pipeline section comprises a first section and a second section which extend side by side, and the first section and the second section are directly communicated through a gas diffusion layer to form a composite backflow section; the tail ends of the first section and the second section are communicated, and the head ends of the first section and the second section are respectively communicated with the flow field air inlet and the flow field air outlet; the composite reflow sections are arranged on the substrate in a bending way. The parallel flow field pipelines of the composite backflow section are used for uniformly distributing gas on the substrate before and after reaction, so that the problem of uneven reaction of the electrode plate of the fuel cell is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cell manufacturing, and particularly relates to a fuel cell plate and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Background
In the bipolar plate of the traditional proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the multichannel serpentine flow field of the traditional proton exchange membrane fuel cell has overlarge concentration distribution difference of reaction gas due to overlong flow channels, the gas inlet is the largest, and the gas outlet is the smallest, so that the reaction on the electrode is uneven and insufficient.
The pressure drop of the serpentine flow field or the parallel flow field is too small, so that the hydrogen field is particularly obvious, and the generated liquid water is difficult to discharge; meanwhile, when the proton exchange membrane fuel cell works, the water content of reaction gas in the bipolar plate is gradually increased along the direction of a flow field channel, and the water content reaches the maximum at an exhaust port, so that the difficulty is brought to the water balance management of the fuel cell.
Therefore, there is a need for a fuel cell with uniform gas concentration distribution and uniform and sufficient electrode reaction.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a fuel cell plate to solve the problem of uneven electrode reaction of the existing fuel cell plate.
The specific scheme is as follows:
a fuel cell plate comprises a substrate, wherein a flow field air inlet, a flow field air outlet and a flow field pipeline for connecting the flow field air inlet and the flow field air outlet are arranged on the substrate; there are at least part of the flow field pipe sections: the flow field pipeline section comprises a first section and a second section which extend side by side, and the first section and the second section are directly communicated through a gas diffusion layer to form a composite backflow section; the tail ends of the first section and the second section are communicated, and the head ends of the first section and the second section are respectively communicated with the flow field air inlet and the flow field air outlet; the composite reflow sections are arranged on the substrate in a bending way.
The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the bending arrangement mode of the composite backflow section is as follows: the composite backflow section extends from the outer edge of the substrate to the middle area of the substrate in a generally rotating mode.
The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the mode of the convoluted extension of the composite backflow section is as follows:
the composite backflow section bends and extends from outside to inside along the outer edge of the substrate, and the tail ends of the first section and the second section are communicated in the middle area of the substrate.
The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the substrate is rectangular, the composite backflow section is a rotary section which extends in a straight line and is bent at a right angle, and the tail ends of the first section and the second section are communicated through a straight line extending section.
The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the first and second sections each comprise a plurality of flow field tubes extending side-by-side.
The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the structure that the head end UNICOM of this flow field air inlet of this first district section is: the head end of the first section is the flow field air inlet.
The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the structure that the head end UNICOM of this flow field air inlet of this second district section is: the flow field air inlet is connected to the end part of the second section through a flow field pipeline section bent along the L shape of the edge of the composite backflow section.
The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the air inlet manifold port and the air outlet manifold port are respectively communicated to the flow field air inlet and the flow field air outlet; the substrate is a graphite electrode plate or a composite electrode plate or a metal electrode plate.
The utility model also provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises a first flow field plate, a second flow field plate and a proton exchange membrane, wherein the first flow field plate and the second flow field plate respectively comprise the fuel cell plate, and a gas diffusion layer is also arranged on one side of the flow field pipeline arranged on the fuel cell plate.
Has the advantages that: the fuel cell plate comprises a substrate, wherein a flow field air inlet, a flow field air outlet and a flow field pipeline for connecting the flow field air inlet and the flow field air outlet are arranged on the substrate; there are at least part of the flow field pipe sections: the flow field pipeline section comprises a first section and a second section which extend side by side, and the first section and the second section are directly communicated through a gas diffusion layer to form a composite backflow section; the tail ends of the first section and the second section are communicated, and the head ends of the first section and the second section are respectively communicated with the flow field air inlet and the flow field air outlet; the composite reflow sections are arranged on the substrate in a bending way. The parallel flow field pipelines of the composite backflow section are used for uniformly distributing gas on the substrate before and after reaction, so that the problem of uneven reaction of the electrode plate of the fuel cell is solved.
Specifically, because the reaction gas is continuously consumed in the channel of the flow field pipeline and the membrane electrode catalyzes the process of continuously generating water, the reaction gas has the characteristics of continuously reducing the concentration of the reaction gas and continuously increasing the humidity in the whole channel from the gas inlet to the gas outlet.
In the composite backflow section, after reactant gas enters the gas diffusion layer from the channel, high-concentration reactant gas in the channel of the first section can diffuse to the gas diffusion layer area corresponding to the partial channel of the second section which is arranged side by side, and similarly, high-concentration water vapor in the partial channel of the second section can diffuse to the gas diffusion layer area corresponding to the partial channel of the first section. Finally, the concentration and the humidity of the reaction gas in the whole multi-channel rotary flow field are relatively uniform. The problems of small flow field pressure drop and uneven water content are solved.
Drawings
Figure 1 shows a front view of a graphite plate according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a metal plate after densification of a flow channel according to an embodiment;
figure 3 shows a front view of a three-part molded composite panel according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the various embodiments, the utility model provides the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate still other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention with reference to these figures. Elements in the figures are not drawn to scale and like reference numerals are generally used to indicate like elements.
The utility model will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Example one
As shown in connection with fig. 1, this embodiment provides a graphite bipolar plate as a proton exchange membrane fuel cell plate.
Specifically, in this embodiment, a graphite plate for a fuel cell includes a substrate 10, where two opposite sides of an upper end and a lower end of the substrate 10 are respectively provided with an air inlet manifold port 21 and an air outlet manifold port 24, the air inlet manifold port 21 and the air outlet manifold port 24 are respectively communicated to a flow field air inlet 22 and a flow field air outlet 23, and a flow field pipeline arranged on the substrate 10 in a bent manner is further disposed between the flow field air inlet 22 and the flow field air outlet 23 to realize that anode gas or cathode gas is injected through the air inlet manifold port 21, and gas after reaction is led out through the air outlet manifold port 24.
In order to achieve uniform and more sufficient electrode reaction on the substrate 10, the flow field pipeline in this embodiment has a multi-channel convoluted flow field pipeline section.
Specifically, in the convoluted flow field pipe section shown in fig. 1, the flow field pipe section includes a first section a and a second section B extending side by side, the first section a and the second section B are abutted against and extend in parallel, and further, a gas diffusion layer region corresponding to the first section a is directly connected to a gas diffusion region corresponding to the second section B, that is, the first section a and the second section B are directly communicated through a gas diffusion layer to form a composite backflow section extending in parallel.
The tail ends of the first section a and the second section B are conducted, that is, the connected end is defined as the tail end, and the head ends of the first section a and the second section B are respectively communicated with the flow field gas inlet 22 and the flow field gas outlet 23, so that gas is injected into the flow field pipeline from the first section a, enters the second section B after passing through the tail end of the first section a, and then reversely flows back to the flow field gas outlet 23 from the second section B by an extension line of the reverse first section a.
The bidirectional composite reflow sections are arranged on the substrate in a bending way. In this embodiment, the curved arrangement of the composite return section is: the composite reflow segment extends from the outer edge of the substrate 10 to the middle region of the substrate, and the tail end of the composite reflow segment is disposed at the middle region of the substrate 10. This kind of mode of setting up has guaranteed to wait to react gas in the flow field pipeline, is the decline trend by outer edge to inboard concentration, and gas fills simply, and gas is by the diffusion zone outer edge towards inboard diffusion efficient, the even high efficiency of plate electrode reaction.
In this embodiment, the structure of the first section a communicating with the flow field inlet 22 at the head end is: the first end of the first section a is the flow field air inlet 22; and the position close to the flow field air inlet 22 is the head end of the second section B, the flow field air inlet 23 is connected to the end of the second section through a flow field pipeline section BO-B1 bent along the L shape of the edge of the composite backflow section, and the first section a is coated by the outer side of the flow field pipeline section BO-B1, so that the reaction area is further increased, and the high-efficiency discharge of the reacted substances is realized.
Then, in this embodiment, the concrete implementation manner of the compound backflow section convolution extension is as follows:
the substrate 10 is a rectangular plate, the composite reflow segment is bent and extended from the outside to the inside along the outer edge of the substrate 10 from the vertex angle position of the flow field gas inlet 22, and the tail ends of the first segment a and the second segment B are communicated in the middle region of the substrate. In this embodiment, the composite return section is a circular section extending in a straight line and bent at a right angle, which has the best gas flow conveying effect, and meanwhile, the tail ends of the first section a and the second section B are communicated through a straight extending section, thereby further ensuring smooth flow guiding of gas in the middle of reaction.
In order to realize high-efficiency gas conveying and improve the efficiency of the electrode plate, the first section A and the second section B respectively comprise a plurality of flow field pipelines extending side by side. The two pipes are communicated to the flow field air outlet 23 on the substrate 10 in a mutually isolated way, so that the high efficiency of single pipeline conveying is ensured.
In this embodiment, the substrate 10 is a graphite electrode plate, which is applied to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell: the proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises a proton exchange membrane, wherein two sides of the proton exchange membrane are respectively provided with a flow field plate which is a first flow field plate and a second flow field plate; the first flow field plate and the second flow field plate respectively comprise a graphite bipolar plate of the embodiment, and the side of the graphite bipolar plate facing the proton exchange membrane is provided with a flow field pipeline and is attached with a gas diffusion layer.
In this embodiment, when the fuel cell starts to operate, the reactant gas enters the plate through the inlet manifold 21, enters the multi-channel rotating flow field through the inlet 22 of the flow field, sequentially flows through the flow field segments, is discharged from the flow field through the outlet 23 of the flow field, and is finally discharged from the plate through the outlet manifold 24. Because the reaction gas is continuously consumed in the channel and the membrane electrode catalyzes the process of continuously generating water, the reaction gas has the characteristics of continuously reducing the concentration of the reaction gas and continuously increasing the humidity in the whole channel from the gas inlet to the gas outlet. The channel is divided into two parts according to the concentration and humidity of the reactant gas, wherein the reactant gas in the channel is characterized by high concentration and low humidity in the first section A channel close to the air inlet manifold port 21, and the reactant gas in the channel is characterized by low concentration and high humidity in the second section B channel close to the air outlet manifold port 24.
Because the a/B channels extend side by side, it can be observed that the partial channels of the first section a and the partial channels of the second section B in the multi-channel convolution type flow field are staggered, after the reactant gas enters the gas diffusion layer from the channels, the high-concentration reactant gas can diffuse to the gas diffusion layer area corresponding to the partial channels of the second section B, and the high-concentration water vapor in the partial channels of the second section B can diffuse to the gas diffusion layer area corresponding to the partial channels of the first section a. Finally, the concentration and the humidity of the reaction gas in the whole multi-channel rotary flow field are relatively uniform.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, in this embodiment, the substrate is a metal electrode plate, the upper flow field pipeline is more dense, the main part of the substrate is arranged in the same manner as the embodiment, and the substrate is a composite backflow section extending side by side, which is more suitable for high-pressure high-flow-rate bipolar gas injection and improves the reaction speed.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 3, the substrate in this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the substrate is a molded composite plate, and the main difference is that the air inlet manifold and the air outlet manifold are respectively disposed on two sides in the width direction, and the outer edge of the substrate is provided with a plurality of gap portions to avoid an overlong straight flow channel, thereby achieving stable air flow delivery, stable reaction, and high material utilization efficiency.
While the utility model has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A fuel cell plate comprises a substrate, wherein a flow field air inlet, a flow field air outlet and a flow field pipeline for connecting the flow field air inlet and the flow field air outlet are arranged on the substrate; characterized in that at least part of the flow field pipe section is present:
the flow field pipeline section comprises a first section and a second section which extend side by side, and the first section and the second section are directly communicated through a gas diffusion layer to form a composite backflow section;
the tail ends of the first section and the second section are communicated, and the head ends of the first section and the second section are respectively communicated with the flow field air inlet and the flow field air outlet;
the composite reflow sections are arranged on the substrate in a bending way.
2. The fuel cell plate of claim 1, wherein: the bending arrangement mode of the composite backflow section is as follows: the composite backflow section extends from the outer edge of the substrate to the middle area of the substrate in a generally rotating mode.
3. The fuel cell plate of claim 2, wherein: the mode of the convoluted extension of the composite backflow section is as follows:
the composite backflow section bends and extends from outside to inside along the outer edge of the substrate, and the tail ends of the first section and the second section are communicated in the middle area of the substrate.
4. The fuel cell plate of claim 3, wherein: the substrate is rectangular, the composite backflow section is a rotary section which extends in a straight line and is bent at a right angle, and the tail ends of the first section and the second section are communicated through a straight line extending section.
5. The fuel cell plate of claim 1, wherein: the first and second sections each comprise a plurality of flow field tubes extending side-by-side.
6. The fuel cell plate of claim 1, wherein: the structure that the head end UNICOM of this flow field air inlet of this first district section is: the head end of the first section is the flow field air inlet.
7. The fuel cell plate of claim 1, wherein: the structure that the head end UNICOM of this flow field air inlet of this second district section is: the flow field air inlet is connected to the end part of the second section through a flow field pipeline section bent along the L shape of the edge of the composite backflow section.
8. The fuel cell plate of claim 1, wherein: the air inlet manifold port and the air outlet manifold port are respectively communicated to the flow field air inlet and the flow field air outlet;
the substrate is a graphite electrode plate or a composite electrode plate or a metal electrode plate.
9. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprising a first flow field plate, a second flow field plate and a proton exchange membrane, wherein the first flow field plate and the second flow field plate respectively comprise a fuel cell plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and a gas diffusion layer is further provided on one side of the flow field tube provided on the fuel cell plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122282845.2U CN216311835U (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Fuel cell plate and proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122282845.2U CN216311835U (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Fuel cell plate and proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216311835U true CN216311835U (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122282845.2U Active CN216311835U (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Fuel cell plate and proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN216311835U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-09-18 CN CN202122282845.2U patent/CN216311835U/en active Active
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