CN216273942U - Integrated device for biochar preparation and catalytic cracking of waste oil - Google Patents
Integrated device for biochar preparation and catalytic cracking of waste oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN216273942U CN216273942U CN202120643865.5U CN202120643865U CN216273942U CN 216273942 U CN216273942 U CN 216273942U CN 202120643865 U CN202120643865 U CN 202120643865U CN 216273942 U CN216273942 U CN 216273942U
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- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The utility model discloses an integrated device for biochar preparation and catalytic cracking of waste grease, which comprises a biomass crushing module, a biochar preparation module and a grease catalytic cracking module which are sequentially connected; the biomass comminution module comprises a mill; the biochar preparation module comprises a vacuumizing device, a horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace and a first spiral feeder, and the first spiral feeder is connected between the vacuumizing device and the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace; the grease catalytic cracking module comprises a catalyst mixing chamber, a catalytic cracking tower, a condensing tower and a liquid product collecting tank which are connected in sequence; wherein the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace and the catalyst mixing chamber are connected through a second screw feeder. The utility model has simple structure, easy maintenance, convenient operation, stable operation and high efficiency, and can be used for large-scale batch production.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an integrated device for biochar preparation and waste oil catalytic cracking, in particular to a continuous automatic pyrolysis device for preparing biochar from straws and catalyzing waste oil by using the obtained biochar.
Background
Nowadays, China and even the world face an important problem of energy shortage, according to the prediction of energy institutions such as Japan, European Union and the like, the peak value of energy consumption will appear in 2020 and 2030 years, fossil energy will be almost exhausted in the century, and besides, the burning of fossil energy will generate a great deal of pollution. However, biomass energy is a green energy with neutral carbon, reproducibility and zero emission, and as developing countries and traditional agricultural countries with the most population in the world, the crop straws and waste oil resources are abundant.
According to statistics, the straws produced by China are over 9 hundred million tons every year, the storage amount of the waste oil is up to 2000 ten thousand tons, and the straws and the waste oil have the advantages of wide distribution, large storage amount, low cost and the like, and can be converted into high-quality liquid fuel under certain conditions. And the straw belongs to biomass resources, the biomass resources become main raw materials for preparing liquid fuels and organic chemicals in the later era of fossil economy, and the utilization of biomass energy is estimated to account for about half of global energy consumption by the United nations environmental and development conference (UNCED) in 2050. Therefore, the crop straws and the waste oil have huge application space and wide development prospect.
However, the straws and waste oil are not effectively utilized, and a large amount of straws are burned in the open air, which brings a series of social and environmental problems. If the straw and the waste oil can be fully utilized, the serious environmental pollution and resource waste caused by the straw and the waste oil can be effectively reduced, the energy crisis is integrally relieved, and the social development is promoted. Therefore, finding an effective way to utilize the straw and the waste oil is a problem to be researched urgently and has important significance for the sustainable development of the energy and chemical industry.
The biomass pyrolysis technology is a mature biomass resource conversion technology at present, and no appropriate pyrolysis equipment exists at present for straw pyrolysis and biomass charcoal generated by using the straw pyrolysis technology to crack waste oil, so that the design of a pyrolysis integrated equipment capable of producing straw carbon and cracking waste oil is the direction in which people need effort at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problems and provides an integrated device for biochar preparation and catalytic cracking of waste grease, which has the advantages of simple structure, easy maintenance, continuous operation, almost full automation realization, large treatment capacity, good economical efficiency and large-scale production.
An integrated device for biochar preparation and catalytic cracking of waste grease comprises a biomass crushing module, a biochar preparation module and a grease catalytic cracking module which are sequentially connected; the biomass crushing module comprises a grinder, the biochar preparation module comprises a vacuumizing device, a horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace and a first spiral feeder, and the first spiral feeder is connected between the vacuumizing device and the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace; the grease catalytic cracking module comprises a catalyst mixing chamber, a catalytic cracking tower, a condensing tower and a product collecting tank which are connected in sequence; wherein the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace and the catalyst mixing chamber are connected through a second screw feeder.
Preferably, the grinding mill comprises a conical feed inlet, a crusher body and a powder outlet pipeline, and a first valve body is arranged between the crusher body and the powder outlet pipeline.
Preferably, one side of the vacuum pumping device is connected with an inert gas source, and the inert gas can be selected from nitrogen, helium and neon. The lower part of the vacuumizing device is connected with a material conveying pipeline, and a second valve body is connected to the material conveying pipeline. A powder screening device is arranged between the vacuumizing device and the first spiral feeder, a screen is arranged in the powder screening device, and powder with a proper size can be screened by opening a vibrator (not shown in the figure) in the powder screening device and then enter the first spiral feeder.
Preferably, a discharge port is formed in the end part, far away from the first spiral feeder, of the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace, the upper part of the discharge port is connected to a third valve body through a pipeline, an outlet of the third valve body is connected with an external heating jacket of the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace, and a waste outlet is formed in one end of the external heating jacket.
Preferably, the second screw feeder is connected with a catalyst mixing chamber, and the catalyst mixing chamber is provided with a feeding hole. And a discharge port of the catalyst mixing chamber is connected with a third screw feeder, and the other end of the third screw feeder is connected with the bottom of the catalytic cracking tower. And the second screw feeder conveys the prepared biochar catalyst into a catalyst mixing chamber to be mixed with quartz sand input through the feed inlet. After the quartz sand and the biochar catalyst are mixed and enter the catalytic cracking tower, the existence of the quartz sand can effectively improve the heat transfer efficiency and is beneficial to the catalytic cracking reaction of the waste grease. On the other hand, because the catalytic cracking tower is vertically arranged, the tower body is easily plugged by fluffy biomass charcoal catalyst in the upward movement process, and the quartz sand can play a role in dispersing the biological charcoal, so that the biological charcoal is prevented from being blocked in the tower body.
Preferably, the bottom of the catalytic cracking tower is connected with a grease gasification chamber. And the waste oil to be upgraded enters the oil gasification chamber, and the heated and gasified oil enters the catalytic cracking tower from the bottom of the catalytic cracking tower through a pipeline to perform catalytic cracking reaction with the biochar in the catalytic cracking tower.
Preferably, a gas-solid separator is arranged at the bottom of the catalytic cracking tower, a gas outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected with a gas inlet of the condensing tower, and a solid outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected with a solid product collecting tank. The gas products after catalytic upgrading enter a condensing tower, are condensed into liquid through cooling, then flow out of a liquid outlet at the bottom of the condensing tower and flow into a liquid product collecting tank through a pipeline.
Preferably, a gas-solid separator is arranged at the bottom of the catalytic cracking tower, a gas outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected with a gas inlet of the condensing tower, and a solid outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected with a solid product collecting tank.
The method has the advantages that the straw smashing device starts to pass through the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace to the cracking bed layer and then to the final collection of high-quality fuel, the whole process is highly automatic, the continuous operation of equipment is realized, and the treatment capacity is greatly improved. After the straw passes through the smashing device, the straw needs to be subjected to inertia protection through the vacuumizing device, nitrogen is introduced, the safety and stability of the pyrolysis process and the accuracy of the resultant components can be guaranteed, equipment can be protected, the corrosion of the equipment caused by the oxygen and the water vapor is prevented, and the service life of the equipment is shortened. The pyrolysis carbonization furnace is made into a horizontal type and is convenient to be butted with the screw feeder device, so that the using amount of straws and the carbonization time can be controlled through the screw advancing speed of the feeding device, and the equipment has high controllability. High-temperature pyrolysis gas generated after the straws are pyrolyzed in the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace is directly transmitted into the pyrolysis bed layer of the waste oil through the gas pipeline to supply heat for the waste oil, so that fuel required by heat supply is greatly saved, and the economy is very high. The cracked gas produced in the cracking bed layer is used for heating residents, heating water and the like, and the economical efficiency of the cracking bed layer is greatly improved. The utility model has simple structure, easy maintenance, convenient operation, stable operation and high efficiency, and can be used for large-scale batch production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The making and using of the embodiments are discussed in detail below. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description discussed is merely exemplary of specific ways to make and use the utility model, and does not limit the scope of the utility model. The representation of the structural positions of the respective components such as up, down, top, bottom, etc. in the description is not absolute, but relative. When the respective components are arranged as shown in the drawings, these direction expressions are appropriate, but when the positions of the respective components in the drawings are changed, these direction expressions are changed accordingly.
The utility model is further illustrated by the following examples:
fig. 1 shows an integrated device for biochar preparation and catalytic cracking of waste oil, which includes a biomass crushing module, a biochar preparation module and an oil catalytic cracking module, which are connected in sequence; the biomass crushing module comprises a grinding machine 1, the biochar preparation module comprises a vacuumizing device 2, a horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace 3 and a first spiral feeder 11, and the first spiral feeder 11 is connected between the vacuumizing device 2 and the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace 3; the grease catalytic cracking module comprises a catalyst mixing chamber 4, a catalytic cracking tower 5, a condensing tower 7 and a product collecting tank 8 which are connected in sequence; wherein the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace 3 and the catalyst mixing chamber 4 are connected by a second screw feeder 12.
The grinder comprises a conical feed inlet 101, a grinder body 102 and a powder outlet pipeline 104, wherein a first valve body 103 is arranged between the grinder body 102 and the powder outlet pipeline 104.
One side of the vacuum extractor 2 is connected with an inert gas source 9, and the inert gas can be selected from nitrogen, helium and neon. The lower part of the vacuumizing device 2 is connected with a material conveying pipeline, and the material conveying pipeline is connected with a second valve body 201. A powder screening device 10 is disposed between the vacuum extractor 2 and the first screw feeder 11, a screen 1001 is disposed in the powder screening device 10, and powder with a suitable size can be screened into the first screw feeder 11 by turning on a vibrator (not shown) in the powder screening device 10.
The end part, far away from the first screw feeder 11, of the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace 3 is provided with a discharge port 301, the upper part of the discharge port 301 is connected to a third valve body 302 through a pipeline, an outlet of the third valve body is connected with an external heating jacket 303 of the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace, and one end of the external heating jacket is provided with a waste outlet 304.
The second screw feeder 12 is connected to a catalyst mixing chamber 4, and the catalyst mixing chamber 4 is provided with a feed port 401. The discharge port of the catalyst mixing chamber 4 is connected with a third screw feeder 13, and the other end of the third screw feeder 13 is connected with the bottom of the catalytic cracking tower 5. The second screw feeder 12 delivers the prepared biocoke catalyst into the catalyst mixing chamber 4 to be mixed with the silica sand inputted through the feed port 401. After the quartz sand and the biochar catalyst are mixed and enter the catalytic cracking tower 5, the existence of the quartz sand can effectively improve the heat transfer efficiency and is beneficial to the catalytic cracking reaction of the waste grease. On the other hand, because the catalytic cracking tower is vertically arranged, the tower body is easily plugged by fluffy biomass charcoal catalyst in the upward movement process, and the quartz sand can play a role in dispersing the biological charcoal, so that the biological charcoal is prevented from being blocked in the tower body.
The bottom of the catalytic cracking tower is connected with a grease gasification chamber 14. The waste oil to be upgraded enters the oil gasification chamber 14, and the heated and gasified oil enters the catalytic cracking tower from the bottom of the catalytic cracking tower through a pipeline to perform catalytic cracking reaction with the biochar in the catalytic cracking tower.
The bottom of the catalytic cracking tower is provided with a gas-solid separator 6, a gas outlet of the gas-solid separator 6 is connected with a gas inlet of the condensing tower, and a solid outlet of the gas-solid separator 6 is connected with a solid product collecting tank 15. The gas products after catalytic upgrading enter a condensing tower, are condensed into liquid after being cooled, then flow out of a liquid outlet at the bottom of the condensing tower 6 and flow into a liquid product collecting tank 8 through a pipeline.
The working principle of the device is as follows: firstly, straws enter a grinding machine 1 through a conical feed inlet 101, the grinding machine crushes the straws and then enters a vacuumizing device 2 through a material distribution outlet pipeline 104, at the moment, a first valve body 103 and a second valve body 201 are closed, a switch of the vacuumizing device 2 is opened, vacuumizing treatment is carried out on the environment where the powder is located, and after a preset vacuum degree is reached, a switch of an inert gas source 9 (such as a nitrogen bottle) is opened, so that the environment where the powder is located is filled with inert gas, and the inert gas can be repeatedly returned for many times. Then the second valve body 201 is opened, the powder enters the powder screening device 10, the vibrator is started, and the screened powder meeting the size requirement enters the first screw feeder 11 from the outlet at the lower part. The first screw feeder 11 forwards conveys the powder into the pyrolysis carbonization furnace 3, and the powder amount and carbonization time are controlled by the forward speed of the first screw feeder 11. The straw is reacted in the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace 3 to obtain a gas-solid product, the solid product falls into the second spiral feeder 12 from the discharge port on the right side, and the gas product is fed into the heating jacket 303 from the upper part of the discharge port 301 through a pipeline and the third valve body 302. The second screw feeder 12 conveys the biochar to the catalyst mixing chamber 4, the biochar catalyst is mixed with quartz sand added into the catalyst mixing chamber in the catalyst mixing chamber and then is conveyed to the catalytic cracking tower 5 through the third screw feeder 13, the waste oil to be upgraded enters the oil gasification chamber 14, and the heated and gasified oil enters the catalytic cracking tower from the bottom of the catalytic cracking tower through a pipeline to perform catalytic cracking reaction with the biochar in the oil gasification chamber. The top of the catalytic cracking tower is provided with a gas-solid separator 6, waste oil steam enters the condensing tower through a gas outlet of the gas-solid separator after being catalyzed and upgraded by biochar, is changed into a liquid product through condensation and enters the liquid product collecting tank 8, and a mixed solid product of biochar and quartz sand enters the solid product collecting tank 15 from a solid outlet of the gas-solid separator, wherein the biochar can be further recovered and carbonized for use.
While the technical content and the technical features of the utility model have been disclosed, it is understood that various changes and modifications of the concept disclosed above can be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit of the utility model, and the utility model is covered by the scope of the utility model. The above description of embodiments is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive, and the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An integrated device for biochar preparation and catalytic cracking of waste grease is characterized by comprising a biomass crushing module, a biochar preparation module and a grease catalytic cracking module which are sequentially connected; the biomass comminution module comprises a mill (1); the biochar preparation module comprises a vacuumizing device (2), a horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace (3) and a first spiral feeder (11), and the first spiral feeder (11) is connected between the vacuumizing device (2) and the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace (3); the grease catalytic cracking module comprises a catalyst mixing chamber (4), a catalytic cracking tower (5), a condensing tower (7) and a liquid product collecting tank (8) which are connected in sequence; wherein the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace (3) and the catalyst mixing chamber (4) are connected by a second screw feeder (12).
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the mill comprises a conical feed opening (101), a mill body (102) and a powder outlet conduit (104), a first valve body (103) being arranged between the mill body (102) and the powder outlet conduit (104).
3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that one side of the evacuation device (2) is connected to an inert gas source (9); the lower part of the vacuumizing device (2) is connected with a material conveying pipeline, and the material conveying pipeline is connected with a second valve body (201); a powder screening device (10) is arranged between the vacuumizing device (2) and the first spiral feeder (11), and a screen (1001) is arranged in the powder screening device (10).
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the end of the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace (3) far away from the first screw feeder (11) is provided with a discharge port (301), the upper part of the discharge port (301) is connected to a third valve body (302) through a pipeline, the outlet of the third valve body (302) is connected with an external heating jacket (303) of the horizontal pyrolysis carbonization furnace (3), and one end of the external heating jacket (303) is provided with a waste outlet (304).
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the second screw feeder (12) is connected to a catalyst mixing chamber (4), the catalyst mixing chamber (4) being provided with a feed inlet (401); the discharge hole of the catalyst mixing chamber (4) is connected with a third screw feeder (13), and the other end of the third screw feeder (13) is connected with the bottom of the catalytic cracking tower (5).
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the catalytic cracking tower (5) is connected to a grease vaporizing chamber (14).
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the catalytic cracking tower (5) is provided with a gas-solid separator (6), a gas outlet of the gas-solid separator (6) is connected with a gas inlet of the condensing tower (7), and a solid outlet of the gas-solid separator (6) is connected with a solid product collecting tank (15).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120643865.5U CN216273942U (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Integrated device for biochar preparation and catalytic cracking of waste oil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120643865.5U CN216273942U (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Integrated device for biochar preparation and catalytic cracking of waste oil |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216273942U true CN216273942U (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202120643865.5U Expired - Fee Related CN216273942U (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Integrated device for biochar preparation and catalytic cracking of waste oil |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN216273942U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-03-30 CN CN202120643865.5U patent/CN216273942U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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