CN216252569U

CN216252569U - Direct current brushless motor drive plate

Info

Publication number: CN216252569U
Application number: CN202122794106.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢立威
Original assignee: Zhuhai Huge Ic Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhuhai Huge Ic Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-15
Filing date: 2021-11-15
Publication date: 2022-04-08
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-15

Abstract

A dc brushless motor drive board comprising: the device comprises a PCB, and a main control chip module, a current sampling module, a driving circuit module, an operation front circuit module, a three-phase motor connecting terminal and a power supply module which are arranged on the PCB; the main control chip module passes through the PWM signal line and links to each other with the drive circuit module, the drive circuit module links to each other with the motor through three-phase motor connecting terminal, the current sampling module with the drive circuit module links to each other to link to each other with operation leading circuit module through phase current sampling line, send the current sampling result for the main control chip module through operation leading circuit module, the PWM signal line with phase current sampling line is located the both sides of PCB board plane central line and is located two of PCB board respectively on the surface. According to the utility model, the layout and routing of the motor driving board are optimized, so that the performance and heat dissipation problems of the driving board are improved, the motor is ensured to operate stably and reliably, the anti-interference capability is enhanced, and the service life of a device is prolonged.

Description

Direct current brushless motor drive plate

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of brushless motors, and particularly relates to a direct-current brushless motor driving board.

Background

Motors are an indispensable component of many instruments and devices. The dc brushless motor is an electromechanical integrated product, which includes a motor and a driver. The direct current brushless motor generally adopts a semiconductor switching device to realize electronic commutation, namely the electronic switching device replaces a traditional contact commutator and an electric brush, thereby having the advantages of high reliability, no commutation spark, low mechanical noise and the like. The direct current brushless motor comprises a position sensor, namely a inductive brushless motor, and the direct current brushless motor without the position sensor is a non-inductive brushless motor. The non-inductive brushless motor is powered by a direct current battery, and is converted into three-phase alternating current after being subjected to brushless regulation and transmitted to three polarities, and a main control chip of the driver changes the three-phase alternating current through outputting alternating current frequency, namely PWM signals, so that the motor runs stably. The PWM signal determines the rotation speed of the brushless motor, and therefore, if the current rotation speed of the motor and the current state of the motor are to be changed, the required PWM signal is output correspondingly, and the main control chip determines the current state and rotation speed of the motor through the phase current, so that the sampling of the phase current is particularly important, and if the sampling of the phase current is not accurate due to external interference, the state of the motor is misjudged, and further an error occurs in the adjustment of the PWM signal. In addition, heat dissipation of the motor driving board is also a problem to be considered. If the anti-interference problem is not well handled with the line of the overall arrangement design of motor drive board, the phase current sampling just receives the interference easily, blurs current motor state, and wrong control motor rotational speed, the heat dissipation is handled not well and also can accelerate the ageing of motor board, shortens the device life-span.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a direct current brushless motor driving plate with strong interference resistance.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

a dc brushless motor drive board comprising: the system comprises a PCB, a main control chip module, a current sampling module, a driving circuit module, an operation front circuit module, a three-phase motor connecting terminal and a power supply module, wherein the main control chip module, the current sampling module, the driving circuit module, the operation front circuit module, the three-phase motor connecting terminal and the power supply module are arranged on the PCB; the main control chip module pass through the PWM signal line with the drive circuit module links to each other, the drive circuit module warp three-phase motor connecting terminal links to each other with the motor, current sampling module with the drive circuit module links to each other to through phase current sampling line with operation front end circuit module links to each other, warp current sampling result operation front end circuit module sends for the main control chip module, the PWM signal line with phase current sampling line is located the both sides of PCB board plane central line and be located respectively two of PCB board are on the surface.

Further, main control chip module, current sampling module, drive circuit module, operation leading circuit module, three-phase motor connecting terminal, power module and the PWM signal line all set up in the top surface of PCB board, phase current sampling line set up in the back of PCB board.

Furthermore, the current sampling module and the main control chip module are arranged at intervals relatively, the operation front circuit module and the main control chip module are arranged adjacently, and the driving circuit module is located above the current sampling module and the main control chip module.

Furthermore, the phase current sampling lines are differential lines, and each group of differential lines is separated by a ground line.

Further, the phase current sampling lines include an IU signal sampling line, an IV signal sampling line, an ISUM signal sampling line, and a GND signal sampling line.

Furthermore, a metal layer is arranged in an area of the PCB where the three-phase motor output terminal is arranged.

Furthermore, the area of the PCB where the three-phase motor output terminals are arranged is punched or windowed.

Furthermore, a voltage detection circuit connected with the power supply module is further arranged on the PCB.

According to the technical scheme, the layout and wiring of the motor driving board are optimized, the PWM signal line and the phase current sampling line are separately arranged, the interference of the PWM signal to phase current sampling is reduced, the accuracy of phase current sampling is improved, the anti-interference capability of the driving board is enhanced, and the stable and reliable operation of the motor is ensured. In a more preferable technical scheme, the heat dissipation problem of the driving board can be improved through a heat dissipation structure, so that the service life of the device is prolonged.

Drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a driver board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic layout diagram of modules of a driver board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic layout diagram of traces on the top surface of the driver board according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic layout diagram of the traces on the back side of the driver board according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustrating embodiments of the utility model, the drawings showing the structure of the device are not to scale but are partly enlarged, and the schematic drawings are only examples, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It is to be noted, however, that the drawings are designed in a simplified form and are not to scale, but rather are to be construed in an attempt to more clearly and concisely illustrate embodiments of the present invention. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated; the terms "front," "back," "bottom," "upper," "lower," and the like refer to an orientation or positional relationship relative to an orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is for convenience and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the dc brushless motor driving board of this embodiment includes a PCB, and a main control chip module 1, a current sampling module 2, a driving circuit module 3, an operation front circuit module 4, a power supply module 5 for supplying power to the above modules, and a three-phase motor connecting terminal 6 (three phases are respectively represented by U, V, W), which are disposed on the PCB, and the motor is electrically connected to the motor driving board through the three-phase motor connecting terminal 6. The above modules can all adopt the existing module circuit to realize the corresponding functions. The main control chip module 1 is connected with the driving circuit module 3, and the driving circuit module 3 controls the operation of the motor according to the PWM signal of the main control chip module 1. The current sampling module 2 is connected with the driving circuit module 3 and used for collecting the current of the motor and sending a sampling result to the main control chip module 1 through the operation front-end circuit module 4.

As shown in fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the main control chip module 1, the current sampling module 2, the driving circuit module 3, the operation front-end circuit module 4, the power module 5 and the three-phase motor connection terminal 6 are all disposed on the top surface of the PCB 10, the current sampling module 2 and the main control chip module 1 are disposed at intervals and are respectively disposed on two sides of the top surface of the PCB 10, the driving circuit module 3 is disposed on the upper portion of the PCB 10, the operation front-end circuit module 4 is disposed adjacent to the main control chip module 1, the driving circuit module 3 and the main control chip module 1 are connected through a PWM signal line 1-1, and the current sampling module 2 and the operation front-end circuit module 4 are connected through a phase current sampling line 2-1. The main control chip module 1 of the present embodiment is composed of a main control chip U4 and a filter capacitor C1, and the main control chip U4 is a chip of the seitai core semiconductor limited company, model TXM 2008. The current sampling module 2 is composed of three sampling resistors (R19, R20, R20). The driving circuit module 3 comprises three MOS driving tubes (U1, U2 and U3), and the MOS driving tubes, resistors R1-R18 and triodes Q1-Q3 jointly form the driving circuit module 3. The operation front-end circuit module 4 is composed of a plurality of operational amplifier resistors (R28, R29, R22, R26, R30 and R31), and the operation front-end circuit module 4 and the chip U4 are connected to form an operation unit. The power module 5 includes a battery (not shown) and a power chip U5. The power chip U5 of this embodiment is a power chip of 78L05 model number from shenzhen yuntai electronics limited, the power chip U5, resistors (R25, R41), capacitors (C5, C22, C11, C4), J1 and a battery constitute a power module, the embodiment further includes a voltage detection circuit, the voltage detection circuit includes a capacitor (C7) and a resistor (R53, R38, R32), the voltage detection circuit is used for detecting an input voltage, and the input voltage is stepped down by the power chip U5 and then supplied to the main control chip and other circuit modules. The electronic devices in the circuit modules are electrically connected through the circuit between the boards, the electronic devices such as resistors, MOS tubes and the like can be mounted with surface mount devices, and the surface mount devices are mounted with surface mount devices (SMT) at one time, so that the production process flow can be simplified, the automatic production can be realized to a certain extent, and the production cost is reduced.

The main control chip module 1, the driving circuit module 3 and the current sampling module 2 form a triangular distribution structure on the top surface of the PCB 10, 3 modules are respectively located at three corners of the triangle, so that the PWM signal line 1-1 and the phase current sampling line 2-1 can be separately arranged, for example, the PWM signal line 1-1 is routed from the upper part of the PCB 10, the phase current sampling line 2-1 is routed from the lower part of the PCB 10, that is, the PWM signal line 1-1 and the phase current sampling line 2-1 are located at two sides of the planar central line L of the PCB 10, so that the phase current sampling line 2-1 is far away from the PWM signal line 1-1, and the PWM signal line 1-1 and the phase current sampling line 2-1 are respectively located on two surfaces of the PCB 10, for example, the PWM signal line 1-1 is located on the top surface of the PCB 10, the phase current sampling line 2-1 is located on the back surface of the PCB 10, thereby avoiding the PWM signal from interfering with the phase current sampling.

In a more specific embodiment, the sampling resistors of the current sampling module 2 are centrally disposed on the PCB board 10 to facilitate sampling. Phase current sampling lines 2-1 are respectively led out from two ends of each sampling resistor, the phase current sampling lines 2-1 adopt a wiring mode of differential lines, namely, one group of phase current sampling lines consists of two parallel transmission lines with equal length, the two transmission lines have the same signal with 180-degree phase difference, and interference signals can be further eliminated through the differential lines, so that the anti-interference capability is enhanced. Furthermore, each group of differential lines is separated by a ground line. Such placement and routing may keep the phase current sampling line 2-1 away from the interference of PWM signals. As shown in fig. 4, a phase current sampling line 2-1 is provided on the back side (bottom layer) of the PCB, and the phase current sampling line 2-1 includes an IU signal sampling line, an IV signal sampling line, an ISUM signal sampling line, and a GND signal sampling line (IU represents a U-phase current, IV represents a V-phase current, ISUM represents a three-phase total current, and GND represents a ground signal), which are connected to the module on the top surface of the PCB through via holes provided on the PCB. IU signal collection line, IV signal collection line, ISUM signal collection line, GND signal collection line have adopted the form of differential line, set up the ground wire between each group of differential line, in order to strengthen the interference killing feature of the signal collection line. The signal collecting lines are separated from the wiring of the input power supply which generates large current on three phases through three-phase rotation.

As shown in fig. 3, in order to improve the heat dissipation performance of the driving board, a metal layer 60 is disposed in an area where the three-phase motor output terminal 6 is located on the PCB 10, for example, copper is laid, the thickness of the metal layer is consistent with the thickness of other circuit metal layers on the PCB 10, for example, all the metal layers may be 1 ounce, heat dissipation is performed through the metal layer, a large amount of heat generated after the motor operates can be dissipated in time, and the service life of the device is prolonged. Besides the arrangement of the metal layer, the three-phase motor output terminal can be combined with the area where the three-phase motor output terminal 6 is located to carry out windowing or punching, and a radiating fin is additionally arranged on the MOS driving tube to carry out rapid heat radiation.

According to the utility model, the PCB adopts a specific layout structure, so that the anti-interference capability of the direct current brushless motor driving board is enhanced, the heat dissipation problem of the driving board is also improved, the service life of an electronic device is prolonged, and the cost is saved.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A dc brushless motor drive board, comprising:

the system comprises a PCB, a main control chip module, a current sampling module, a driving circuit module, an operation front circuit module, a three-phase motor connecting terminal and a power supply module, wherein the main control chip module, the current sampling module, the driving circuit module, the operation front circuit module, the three-phase motor connecting terminal and the power supply module are arranged on the PCB;

the main control chip module pass through the PWM signal line with the drive circuit module links to each other, the drive circuit module warp three-phase motor connecting terminal links to each other with the motor, current sampling module with the drive circuit module links to each other to through phase current sampling line with operation front end circuit module links to each other, warp current sampling result operation front end circuit module sends for the main control chip module, the PWM signal line with phase current sampling line is located the both sides of PCB board plane central line and be located respectively two of PCB board are on the surface.

2. A dc brushless motor driving board as defined in claim 1, wherein: main control chip module, current sampling module, drive circuit module, operation leading circuit module, three-phase motor connecting terminal, power module and the PWM signal line all set up in the top surface of PCB board, phase current sampling line set up in the back of PCB board.

3. A dc brushless motor driving board as defined in claim 2, wherein: the current sampling module and the main control chip module are arranged at intervals relatively, the operation front circuit module and the main control chip module are arranged adjacently, and the driving circuit module is located above the current sampling module and the main control chip module.

4. A dc brushless motor driving board as defined in claim 1, wherein: the phase current sampling lines are differential lines, and each group of differential lines is separated by a ground wire.

5. The direct current brushless motor driving board according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: the phase current sampling lines comprise IU signal sampling lines, IV signal sampling lines, ISUM signal sampling lines and GND signal sampling lines.

6. A dc brushless motor driving board as defined in claim 1, wherein: and a metal layer is arranged in the area of the PCB where the three-phase motor output terminal is arranged.

7. A dc brushless motor driving board as defined in claim 6, wherein: and punching or windowing the area on the PCB where the three-phase motor output terminal is arranged.

8. A dc brushless motor driving board as defined in claim 1, wherein: and the PCB is also provided with a voltage detection circuit connected with the power supply module.