SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the utility model aims to provide a battery pack protection circuit to solve the problem that the charging protection cannot be normally carried out when the protection circuit of a battery pack in the prior art breaks down.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery pack protection circuit including:
the device comprises a voltage sampling module, a first protection control module and a second protection control module;
the input end of the voltage sampling module is connected with the battery pack, the output end of the voltage sampling module is respectively connected with the first protection control module and the second protection control module, and the first protection control module is also connected with the second protection control module;
the voltage sampling module is used for respectively sampling the voltage of each group of batteries of the battery pack, transmitting the voltage to the first protection control module and the second protection control module, and supplying power to the first protection control module and the second protection control module through the battery pack;
the first protection control module is used for outputting protection control signals when the sampling voltage of any group of batteries of the battery pack is abnormal, and the second control protection module is used for outputting protection control signals through the first protection control module when the sampling voltage of any group of batteries of the battery pack is abnormal.
Optionally, the voltage sampling module includes:
sampling a voltage output end and a power supply output end;
a sampling voltage output end of the voltage sampling module is respectively connected with input ends of the first protection control module and the second protection control module and is used for transmitting the collected sampling voltage to the first protection control module and the second protection control module;
and the power supply output end of the voltage sampling module is respectively connected with the power supply ends of the first protection control module and the second protection control module and is used for supplying power to the first protection control module and the second protection control module through the battery pack.
Optionally, the first protection control module includes:
a first battery protection chip, a first switching element and a second switching element;
the input end of the first battery protection chip is connected with the sampling voltage output end of the voltage sampling module, the output end of the first battery protection chip is connected with the control end of the first switch element, the first end of the first switch element is connected with the power supply output end of the voltage sampling module and connected with the control end of the second switch element, and the second end of the first switch element is connected with the second end of the second switch element and grounded through the second protection control module;
the first end of the second switch element is used for outputting a protection control signal.
Optionally, the second protection control module includes:
a second battery protection chip, a third switching element, and a fourth switching element;
the input end of the second battery protection chip is connected with the sampling voltage output end of the voltage sampling module, the output end of the second battery protection chip is connected with the control end of the third switching element, the first end of the third switching element is connected with the power supply output end of the voltage sampling module and connected with the control end of the fourth switching element, and the second end of the third switching element is connected with the second end of the fourth switching element and grounded;
a first terminal of the fourth switching element is connected to a second terminal of the second switching element.
Optionally, the voltage sampling module further includes:
the power supply ends of the first protection control module and the second protection control module are connected with the battery pack through the voltage stabilization protection circuit;
and the input end of the filter circuit is connected with the battery pack, and the output end of the filter circuit is connected with the input ends of the first protection control module and the second protection control module.
Optionally, the voltage stabilization protection circuit includes:
a voltage regulator diode and a first capacitor;
the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the first end of the first capacitor and then connected with the positive electrode of the battery pack, and the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the second end of the first capacitor and then grounded.
Optionally, the filter circuit comprises:
the first end of the first resistor is connected with the anode of the battery pack, and the second end of the first resistor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor and connected with the input ends of the first battery protection chip and the second battery protection chip in parallel;
and the second end of the second capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the battery pack.
Optionally, the battery pack protection circuit further comprises:
and a first end of the second resistor is connected with a second end of the second switching element and a first end of the fourth switching element, and a second end of the second resistor is grounded.
Optionally, the resistance value of the second resistor is 0 ohm.
Optionally, the battery pack protection circuit further comprises:
a thermistor;
the first end of the second switch element is connected with the first end of the thermistor, and the second end of the thermistor is used as a signal output end and used for outputting a protection control signal.
According to the technical scheme, the secondary protection circuit is added, so that the battery can still be charged to play a role of protection when the primary protection circuit fails, the circuit can ensure that the battery has a double protection condition when overcharging occurs, the situation that the primary protection circuit fails and normal charging protection cannot be performed when the lithium battery is used is effectively avoided, and the safety and reliability of lithium battery charging are guaranteed.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the utility model will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the utility model refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
As shown in fig. 1, in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery pack protection circuit, including: the device comprises a voltage sampling module, a first protection control module and a second protection control module; the input end of the voltage sampling module is connected with the battery pack, the output end of the voltage sampling module is respectively connected with the first protection control module and the second protection control module, and the first protection control module is also connected with the second protection control module; the voltage sampling module is used for respectively sampling the voltage of each group of batteries of the battery pack, transmitting the voltage to the first protection control module and the second protection control module, and supplying power to the first protection control module and the second protection control module through the battery pack; the first protection control module is used for outputting protection control signals when the sampling voltage of any group of batteries of the battery pack is abnormal, and the second protection control module is used for outputting protection control signals through the first protection control module when the sampling voltage of any group of batteries of the battery pack is abnormal.
So, this embodiment still can play the guard action to battery charging when one-level protection circuit became invalid through increasing secondary protection circuit, can guarantee through this circuit that the battery has the duplicate protection condition when taking place to overcharge, has effectively avoided the condition that the one-level protection circuit became invalid and can not normally carry out charging protection in the use of lithium cell to lithium battery charging's fail safe and reliable has been ensured.
Wherein, voltage sampling module includes: at least one sampling voltage output terminal and at least one power supply output terminal; the sampling voltage output end of the voltage sampling module is respectively connected with the input ends of the first protection control module and the second protection control module and is used for transmitting the collected sampling voltage to the first protection control module and the second protection control module; the power supply output end of the voltage sampling module is respectively connected with the power supply ends of the first protection control module and the second protection control module and used for supplying power to the first protection control module and the second protection control module through the battery pack.
The embodiment can be applied to a lithium battery protection board, in the embodiment, the voltage sampling module includes 5 sampling voltage input ends and 5 corresponding sampling voltage output ends, the 5 sampling voltage input ends are respectively connected with the B +, B4, B3, B2 and B1 ends of the battery pack, wherein the B + end of the battery pack is the positive electrode of the battery pack, and the B1-B4 ends are the positive electrodes of the batteries connected in series in sequence, it can be understood that the B1-B4 ends may be the positive electrodes of each battery connected in series in sequence, or the positive electrodes of each group of batteries connected in series in sequence. And 5 sampling voltage output ends of the voltage sampling module are respectively connected with 5 input pins of the first protection control module and the second protection control module. In order to supply power to the first protection control module and the second protection control module conveniently, the power supply output end of the voltage sampling module can be directly led out from the sampling voltage input end connected with the B + end of the battery pack, and can also be led out from the B +/P + end of the battery pack independently by the voltage sampling module.
Wherein, first protection control module includes: a first battery protection chip, a first switching element and a second switching element; the input end of the first battery protection chip is connected with the sampling voltage output end of the voltage sampling module, the output end of the first battery protection chip is connected with the control end of the first switch element, the first end of the first switch element is connected with the power supply output end of the voltage sampling module and connected with the control end of the second switch element, and the second end of the first switch element is connected with the second end of the second switch element and grounded through the second protection control module; the first terminal of the second switching element is used for outputting a protection control signal.
The second protection control module includes: a second battery protection chip, a third switching element, and a fourth switching element; the input end of the second battery protection chip is connected with the sampling voltage output end of the voltage sampling module, the output end of the second battery protection chip is connected with the control end of the third switching element, the first end of the third switching element is connected with the power supply output end of the voltage sampling module and connected with the control end of the fourth switching element, and the second end of the third switching element is connected with the second end of the fourth switching element and grounded; the first terminal of the fourth switching element is connected to the second terminal of the second switching element.
In this embodiment, the first battery protection chip U1 and the second battery protection chip U2 both use a battery protection chip of type CW1073AAAS, the first switching element is a MOS transistor Q1, the second switching element is a MOS transistor Q2, the third switching element is a MOS transistor Q3, and the fourth switching element is a MOS transistor Q4. VDD ends of the first battery protection chip U1 and the second battery protection chip U2 are connected with a power supply output end of the voltage sampling module, VC5, VC4, VC3, VC2 and VC1 ends of the first battery protection chip U1 and the second battery protection chip U2 are respectively connected with a 5-way sampling voltage output end of the voltage sampling module, and VSS ends of the first battery protection chip U1 and the second battery protection chip U2 are grounded through a B-end of the battery pack.
The CO end of the first battery protection chip U1 is connected to the first end of the resistor R8, the second end of the resistor R8 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q1, the first end of the resistor R9 is connected to the second end of the resistor R8, the second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q1 and connected to the second end of the resistor R11, the drain of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the first end of the resistor R10, the VDD end of the first battery protection chip U1 is also connected to the first end of the resistor R10 through the resistor R7, the resistor R7 is further connected in parallel to the capacitor C7, the second end of the resistor R10 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q2, the source of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R11, and the drain of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the body board of the peripheral control circuit or the electric tool, so as to protect the control signals.
The CO end of the second battery protection chip U2 is connected to the first end of the resistor R14, the second end of the resistor R14 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q3, the first end of the resistor R15 is connected to the second end of the resistor R14, the second end of the resistor R15 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q3 and connected to the second end of the resistor R17, the drain of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the first end of the resistor R16, the VDD end of the second battery protection chip U2 is also connected to the first end of the resistor R16 through the resistor R13, the resistor R13 is further connected to the capacitor C10 in parallel, the second end of the resistor R16 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q4, the source of the MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the second end of the resistor R17, and the drain of the MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q2.
In this embodiment, the voltage sampling module further includes: the power supply ends of the first protection control module and the second protection control module are connected with the battery pack through the voltage stabilization protection circuit; and the input end of the filter circuit is connected with the battery pack, and the output end of the filter circuit is connected with the input ends of the first protection control module and the second protection control module.
In order to prevent the pulse voltage from damaging U1, U2, the steady voltage protection circuit includes: a voltage regulator diode and a first capacitor; the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the first end of the first capacitor and then connected with the positive pole of the battery pack, and the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the second end of the first capacitor and then grounded. Specifically, the B + end of the battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the zener diode Z1 through the resistor R6, the positive electrode of the zener diode Z1 is grounded, the negative electrode of the zener diode Z1 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C6 and then connected to the VDD end of the first battery protection chip U1 and connected to the resistor R7, and the positive electrode of the zener diode Z1 is further connected to the second end of the capacitor C6.
The filter circuit includes: the first end of the first resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the battery pack, and the second end of the first resistor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor and connected with the input ends of the first battery protection chip and the second battery protection chip in parallel; the second end of the second capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the battery pack. Since the voltage sampling module in this embodiment includes 5 sampling voltage input ends, each sampling voltage input end corresponds to one of the filter circuits described above, and is used for filtering the acquired voltage signal. Specifically, a 1 st path voltage input end of the voltage sampling module is connected with a B + end of the battery pack and then connected with a first end of a resistor R5, a second end of the resistor R5 is connected with a VC5 end of a first battery protection chip U1, a second end of the resistor R5 is connected with a first end of a capacitor C5, and a second end of the capacitor C5 is grounded through the B-end of the battery pack; the 2 nd voltage input end of the voltage sampling module is connected with the B4 end of the battery pack and then connected with the first end of a resistor R4, the second end of the resistor R4 is connected with the VC4 end of the first battery protection chip U1, the second end of the resistor R4 is connected with the first end of a capacitor C4, and the second end of the capacitor C4 is grounded through the B-end of the battery pack; the 3 rd voltage input end of the voltage sampling module is connected with the B3 end of the battery pack and then connected with the first end of a resistor R3, the second end of the resistor R3 is connected with the VC3 end of the first battery protection chip U1, the second end of the resistor R3 is connected with the first end of a capacitor C3, and the second end of the capacitor C3 is grounded through the B-end of the battery pack; the 4 th voltage input end of the voltage sampling module is connected with the B2 end of the battery pack and then connected with the first end of a resistor R2, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected with the VC2 end of the first battery protection chip U1, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected with the first end of a capacitor C2, and the second end of the capacitor C2 is grounded through the B-end of the battery pack; the 5 th path voltage input end of the voltage sampling module is connected with the B1 end of the battery pack and then connected with the first end of the resistor R1, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected with the VC1 end of the first battery protection chip U1, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected with the first end of the capacitor C1, and the second end of the capacitor C1 is grounded through the B-end of the battery pack.
The VC5 end of the second battery protection chip U2 is connected with a BAT5 point between the resistor R5 and the VC5 end of the first battery protection chip U1, the VC4 end of the second battery protection chip U2 is connected with a BAT4 point between the resistor R4 and the VC4 end of the first battery protection chip U1, the VC3 end of the second battery protection chip U2 is connected with a BAT3 point between the resistor R3 and the VC3 end of the first battery protection chip U1, the VC2 end of the second battery protection chip U2 is connected with a BAT2 point between the resistor R2 and the VC2 end of the first battery protection chip U1, the VC1 end of the second battery protection chip U2 is connected with a BAT1 point between the resistor R1 and the VC1 end of the first battery protection chip U1; and the BAT 1-BAT 5 points are battery sampling voltages after filtering.
In order to ensure the general usability of the circuit, the battery pack protection circuit further comprises: and a first end of the second resistor is connected with a second end of the second switching element and a first end of the fourth switching element, and a second end of the second resistor is grounded. The second resistor is a resistor R18, the first end of the resistor R18 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q2 and the drain of the MOS transistor Q4, the second end of the resistor R18 is grounded, and the resistance of the resistor R18 is 0 ohm.
In this embodiment, the battery pack protection circuit further includes: a thermistor N1, wherein the thermistor N1 is a thermistor with B of 3435; the drain of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the first terminal of the thermistor N1 and the negative terminal of the diode Z2, the positive terminal of the diode Z2 is grounded, the second terminal of the thermistor N1 serves as a signal output terminal T/V terminal for outputting a protection control signal, the second terminal of the thermistor N1 is further connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C9, and the second terminal of the capacitor C9 is grounded.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
taking normal operation at room temperature of 25 ℃ as an example, when the overcharge protection state does not occur, the B + end of the battery pack is grounded and divided by the resistor R6, the resistor R7 and the resistor R11, the MOS transistor Q1 is disconnected, the MOS transistor Q2 is connected, and at this time, the T/V end can detect a resistance value of 8-13K to the ground. When the first battery protection chip U1 detects that the voltage of the battery pack is abnormal, the pin CO of the U1 outputs a high level signal, the MOS transistor Q1 is controlled to be switched on through the resistors R8 and R9, the MOS transistor Q2 is indirectly controlled to be switched off, the T/V end is suspended to the ground, the resistance value is approximately considered to be infinite, and the peripheral circuit judges that the overcharge protection state occurs. Similarly, when the overcharge protection state does not occur, the MOS transistor Q3 is disconnected, the MOS transistor Q4 is connected, and the T/V end normally has a resistance value of 8-13K to the ground; if the U1 breaks down and can not perform normal protection action, when the U2 detects that the voltage of the battery pack is abnormal, the pin CO of the U2 outputs high level to switch on the MOS transistor Q3 so as to control the MOS transistor Q4 to be switched off, at the moment, the T/V terminal is suspended to the ground and is approximately infinite in resistance value, and the peripheral circuit judges that an overcharge protection state occurs and is matched with the peripheral circuit to achieve protection action.
Compared with the prior art, the lithium battery protection circuit has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in driving current control, low cost, flexibility in control and low failure rate, the problem that the charging protection cannot be normally carried out when the primary protection circuit fails under the condition that only primary protection exists in the conventional lithium battery protection circuit is solved, the circuit of the embodiment can ensure that a double-protection condition exists when the battery is overcharged, the use safety of the battery can be effectively improved, and the safety and reliability of lithium battery charging are ensured.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention within the technical idea of the embodiments of the present invention, and the simple modifications are within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the utility model. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not be described separately for the various possible combinations.