CN215990263U - Integrated circuit and system for battery charging and discharging protection - Google Patents
Integrated circuit and system for battery charging and discharging protection Download PDFInfo
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- CN215990263U CN215990263U CN202122056593.1U CN202122056593U CN215990263U CN 215990263 U CN215990263 U CN 215990263U CN 202122056593 U CN202122056593 U CN 202122056593U CN 215990263 U CN215990263 U CN 215990263U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an integrated circuit and a system for battery charging and discharging protection, wherein the integrated circuit comprises a logic processing module, a charging and discharging signal driving output module, a secondary protection output module, an overcurrent detection module, a first temperature detection module, a second temperature detection module and a plurality of voltage detection modules, wherein the charging and discharging signal driving output module, the secondary protection output module, the overcurrent detection module, the first temperature detection module, the second temperature detection module and the plurality of voltage detection modules are electrically connected with the logic processing module. The charging and discharging signal driving output module is externally connected with a charging and discharging control switch, and the secondary protection output module is externally connected with a protection element. And when the charge and discharge control switch is in short circuit, the overcurrent detection module triggers the protection element to be disconnected through the secondary protection output module, so that the battery is protected. The utility model adopts pure hardware to realize the control of each module and forms each module into an integrated circuit, thereby being convenient for wiring on the circuit board, reducing the volume of the circuit board and solving the problems that the prior art adopts program control, needs to additionally increase hardware to increase devices and is difficult to wire on the circuit board with small area.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The utility model relates to the technical field of integrated circuits, in particular to an integrated circuit and a system for battery charging and discharging protection.
[ background of the utility model ]
As is well known, lithium batteries are widely used in the fields of automobiles and electronic products, and due to the characteristics of the batteries, overcharge and overdischarge can reduce the service life of the batteries, even cause explosion, and harm personal safety. Furthermore, the battery protection circuit is generally used in conjunction with a battery charging/discharging protection circuit for the safety and effective protection of the battery. At present, pure hardware battery charging and discharging protection circuits exist on the market, a lithium battery protection chip is matched with a field effect tube and the like to realize voltage protection, under-voltage protection, charging overcurrent protection, discharging overcurrent protection and high and low temperature protection, however, when components are damaged, if the charged field effect tube is damaged due to static electricity and the like, the components are short-circuited, overvoltage, overcurrent and charging high and low temperature protection failures are caused, and further potential safety hazards are possibly caused due to charging out of control.
In addition, the charging and discharging of the battery are disconnected when overvoltage or high temperature occurs by using codes of the single chip microcomputer, but the defect that the single chip microcomputer with the codes is easy to crash is overcome, and further hardware is generally added on the outside to realize an overvoltage permanent failure circuit, but the mode has more adopted components, the cost is increased, and the layout difficulty is increased on a small-area circuit board.
Accordingly, the prior art is in need of improvement and development.
[ Utility model ] content
The utility model aims to provide an integrated circuit and a system for battery charging and discharging protection, which are used for solving the problems that the existing battery protection function adopting pure hardware easily causes overvoltage, overcurrent and charging high and low temperature protection failure to cause potential safety hazards when components are damaged, and the problems that the components are increased due to the fact that additional hardware is needed to be added in program control, the cost is high and the layout on a small-area circuit board is difficult.
The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
in one aspect, the present invention provides an integrated circuit for battery charging and discharging protection, comprising: the charging and discharging signal driving output module, the secondary protection output module, the overcurrent detection module, the first temperature detection module, the second temperature detection module and the plurality of voltage detection modules are electrically connected with the logic processing module;
the charging and discharging signal driving output module is used for being externally connected with a charging and discharging control switch, the secondary protection output module is used for being externally connected with a protection element, the voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage of the battery, the overcurrent detection module is used for detecting the charging and discharging current of the battery, the first temperature acquisition circuit is used for acquiring the temperature of the charging and discharging control switch, and the second temperature detection module is used for acquiring the temperature of the battery;
the logic processing module drives the output module to control the disconnection of the charge and discharge control switch through the charge and discharge signal according to the signal fed back by the voltage detection module or the signal fed back by the second temperature detection module;
the logic processing module controls the switching-off of the charge-discharge control switch through the charge-discharge driving output module or controls the switching-off of the protection element through the secondary protection output module according to a signal fed back by the overcurrent detection module or a signal fed back by the first temperature acquisition circuit.
Furthermore, the integrated circuit further comprises a charging state identification module and a discharging state identification module which are electrically connected with the logic processing module, wherein the input ends of the charging state identification module and the discharging state identification module are electrically connected with the input end of the overcurrent detection module, and the charging state identification module and the discharging state identification module judge the charging and discharging state of the battery according to the input positive and negative voltages.
Furthermore, the integrated circuit also comprises a load detection module electrically connected with the logic processing module, and the logic processing module drives the output module to control the on-off of the charge and discharge control switch through the charge and discharge signal according to a signal fed back by the load detection module.
Furthermore, the integrated circuit further comprises an overvoltage delay protection module electrically connected with the logic processing module, and the overvoltage delay protection module is used for externally connecting a capacitor.
Furthermore, the integrated circuit further comprises an undervoltage delay protection module electrically connected with the logic processing module, and the undervoltage delay protection module is used for externally connecting a capacitor.
Furthermore, the integrated circuit further comprises a discharge overcurrent delay protection module electrically connected with the logic processing module, and the discharge overcurrent delay protection module is used for externally connecting a capacitor.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides a battery charging and discharging protection system, including the integrated circuit for battery charging and discharging protection as described above.
Furthermore, the battery charging and discharging protection system comprises an input end, an output end, a protection element, a battery pack, a current sampling resistor, a charging control switch, a discharging control switch, a first thermistor and a second thermistor;
the input is connected the output through protection component, group battery, current sampling resistor, charge control switch and discharge control switch in proper order, protection component is connected with second grade protection output module electricity, the group battery includes the battery of a plurality of series connections, each the battery corresponds a voltage detection circuit electricity and connects, charge control switch and discharge control switch all are connected with charge-discharge signal drive output module electricity, it still is connected with current sampling resistor, discharge control switch electricity respectively to overflow detection module, first thermistor is connected with first temperature detection module electricity and is used for gathering charge-discharge control switch's temperature, second thermistor is connected the temperature that is used for gathering the battery with second temperature detection module electricity.
Furthermore, the charging control switch is a first field effect transistor, the discharging control switch is a second field effect transistor, the first field effect transistor is connected with the second field effect transistor in series, and the grids of the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are both electrically connected with the charging and discharging signal driving output module.
Furthermore, the protection element is a three-terminal fuse, the secondary protection output module comprises a fourth field effect transistor and a fifth field effect transistor which are electrically connected with the logic processing module, the fourth field effect transistor and the fifth field effect transistor are connected in series, the source electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected with a power supply, the source electrode of the second field effect transistor is grounded, and the protection element is respectively and electrically connected with the fourth field effect transistor and the fifth field effect transistor;
and the fourth field effect tube and the fifth field effect tube are conducted according to the signal output by the logic processing module so as to fuse the three-terminal fuse.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the utility model utilizes the overcurrent detection module, can trigger the protection element to be disconnected according to the secondary protection output module when the charging control switch or the discharging control switch is short-circuited or damaged, so as to stop continuing charging and discharging the battery, prevent the potential safety hazard from being brought to a user due to the damage of the charging and discharging control switch, and play a role in protecting the battery. The utility model adopts pure hardware to realize the control of each module, integrates the charging and discharging signal driving output module, the secondary protection output module, the overcurrent detection module, the first temperature detection module, the second temperature detection module and the plurality of voltage detection modules into one integrated circuit, can reduce the volume of the circuit board, is convenient for a user to wire on the circuit board, and solves the problems that the additional hardware is needed to be added by adopting program control, so that the components are increased, the cost is high and the layout is difficult on the circuit board with small area.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an integrated circuit for battery charge and discharge protection according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the battery charging/discharging protection system according to the present invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The utility model is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, an integrated circuit 100 for battery charging/discharging protection according to an embodiment of the present invention (U1).
The integrated circuit 100(U1) for battery charge/discharge protection includes: the charging and discharging protection circuit comprises a logic processing module 50, and a charging and discharging signal driving output module 70, a secondary protection output module 60, an overcurrent detection module 90, a first temperature detection module 80, a second temperature detection module 81 and a plurality of voltage detection modules 40 which are electrically connected with the logic processing module 50.
Based on the integrated circuit 100(U1) for battery charging and discharging protection, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery charging and discharging protection system.
Referring to fig. 2, the battery charging/discharging protection system includes an input end 210, an output end 220, a protection device F1, a battery pack 200, a current sampling resistor R14, a charging control switch Q2, a discharging control switch Q1, a first thermistor RT1, a second thermistor RT2, and the integrated circuit 100(U1) for battery charging/discharging protection. The input end 210 is sequentially connected with the output end 220 through a protection element F1, the battery pack 200, a current sampling resistor R14, a charge control switch Q2 and a discharge control switch Q1, the protection element F1 is electrically connected with the secondary protection output module 60, the battery pack 200 comprises a plurality of batteries connected in series, each battery corresponds to one voltage detection module 40 and is electrically connected, the charge control switch Q2 and the discharge control switch Q1 are both electrically connected with the charge-discharge signal driving output module 70, the overcurrent detection module 90 is also electrically connected with the current sampling resistor R14 and the discharge control switch Q1 respectively, the first thermistor RT1 is electrically connected with the first temperature detection module 80 and used for collecting the temperature of the charge-discharge control switch, and the second thermistor RT2 is electrically connected with the second temperature detection module 81 and used for collecting the temperature of the batteries.
The charge and discharge signal driving output module 70 may control the on and off of the charge control switch Q2 and the discharge control switch Q1 according to the signal output by the logic processing module 50, so as to control the charge and discharge of the battery pack 200. The secondary protection output module 60 triggers the protection element F1 to be switched off according to the signal output by the logic processing module 50, the voltage detection module 40 is used for detecting the voltage of the battery, the overcurrent detection module 90 is used for detecting the charging and discharging current of the battery, the first temperature detection module 80 is used for collecting the temperature of the charging and discharging control switch, and the second temperature detection module 81 is used for collecting the temperature of the battery.
Thus, when the second temperature detecting module 81 detects that the temperature of the battery is too high or the voltage detecting module 40 detects that the power of the battery is over-charged or over-discharged, an electrical signal is output to the logic processing module 50, and after the logic processing module 50 performs logic processing on the signal, the charging and discharging signal driving output module 70 controls the charging control switch Q2 or the discharging control switch Q1 to be turned off, so as to prevent the battery from being over-charged or over-discharged, thereby protecting the battery.
When the first temperature detection module 80 detects that the temperature of the charge and discharge control switch is too high, a level is output to the logic processing module 50, after the logic processing module 50 performs logic processing on the level, the output module 70 is driven by the charge and discharge signal to control the charge and discharge control switch to be disconnected or the protection element F1 is triggered and controlled to be disconnected according to the secondary protection output module 60, so that the battery is stopped from being charged and discharged continuously, the charge and discharge control switch is prevented from being damaged due to too high temperature, and the function of protecting the charge and discharge control switch is achieved.
When the charge and discharge control switch is in an off state in time, and the charge control switch Q2 or the discharge control switch Q1 is in a short circuit, if a current passes through the charge control switch Q2 or the discharge control switch Q1, the overcurrent detection module 90 feeds back a signal to the logic processing module 50, and after the logic processing module 50 performs logic processing according to the signal, the logic processing module triggers the protection element F1 to be turned off according to the secondary protection output module 60, so that the battery is stopped to be charged and discharged continuously, potential safety hazards to users after the charge and discharge control switch is damaged are prevented, and the battery protection function is achieved.
In addition, when the battery is not charged, after the charging control switch Q2 is short-circuited, since the charging current is very small, it is difficult to detect and determine the charging current or the discharging current through the overcurrent detection module 90, and further the secondary protection output module 60 cannot control the protection element F1 to be turned off, at this time, the battery is continuously charged to reach the threshold of the voltage detection module 40, and the logic processing module 50 triggers the secondary protection output module 60 to control the protection element F1 to be turned off according to the signal fed back by the voltage detection module 40, so that the whole circuit fails.
In addition, the logic processing module 50 is used for carrying out logic processing on signals output by the voltage detection module 40, the overcurrent detection module 90, the first temperature detection module 80 and the second temperature detection module 81, and outputting the processed logic signals to the charge-discharge signal driving output module 70 or the secondary protection output module 60 so as to realize the control of the on-off of the charge-discharge control switch or disconnect the protection element F1 to realize the function of protecting the battery, realize pure hardware control, and solve the problems that in the prior art, due to the fact that additional hardware is needed to be added for program control, components are increased, the cost is high, and layout on a small-area circuit board is difficult. In addition, the charging and discharging signal driving output module 70, the secondary protection output module 60, the overcurrent detection module 90, the first temperature detection module 80, the second temperature detection module 81 and the plurality of voltage detection modules 40 are integrated into one integrated circuit 100(U1), so that the volume of the battery protection circuit board can be reduced, and wiring on the circuit board by a user is facilitated.
Specifically, the charge and discharge signal control switch includes a charge control switch Q2 and a discharge control switch Q1. In an embodiment, the charge control switch Q2 is a first fet, the discharge control switch Q1 is a second fet, the first fet is connected in series with the second fet, gates of the first fet and the second fet are both electrically connected to the charge and discharge signal driving output module 70, and the charge and discharge signal driving output module 70 is configured to output high and low levels. Furthermore, when the battery pack 200 needs to be charged or discharged, the logic processing module 50 drives the output module 70 to output a high level to the first fet or the second fet through the charging/discharging signal, so as to turn on the first fet or the second fet, thereby controlling the charging/discharging of the battery.
In an embodiment, the protection element F1 is a three-terminal fuse, the secondary protection output module 60 includes a fourth fet and a fifth fet electrically connected to the logic processing module 50, the fourth fet and the fifth fet are connected in series, a source of the first fet is connected to the power supply, a source of the second fet is grounded, and the protection element F1 is electrically connected to the fourth fet and the fifth fet, respectively. Furthermore, the fourth field effect transistor and the fifth field effect transistor can be turned on according to the signal output by the logic processing module 50 to fuse the three-terminal fuse, thereby playing a role in protecting the battery.
It should be noted here that the protection element F1 may also be a field effect transistor, and the low level output by the secondary protection output module 60 is used to control the field effect transistor to be turned off, that is, turned off, and when the first temperature detection module 80, the overcurrent detection module 90, and the like do not feed back a signal to the logic processing module 50, the logic processing module 50 controls the field effect transistor to be turned on according to the secondary protection output module 60, so that the battery charging and discharging protection system recovers to normal operation. The protection element F1 may be an element such as a relay, and is not limited herein.
In one embodiment, in order to enable the logic processing module 50 to recognize the charging/discharging state of the battery, so as to sequentially control the on/off of the charging control switch Q2 or the discharging control switch Q1, the integrated circuit 100(U1) further includes a charging state recognition module 53 and a discharging state recognition module 54 electrically connected to the logic processing module 50, the input terminals 210 of the charging state recognition module 53 and the discharging state recognition module 54 are electrically connected to the input terminal 210 of the over-current detection module 90, and the charging state recognition module 53 and the discharging state recognition module 54 determine the charging/discharging state of the battery according to the input positive and negative voltages. When there is charging current, the voltage input by the input end 210 of the over-current detection module 90 is negative, and the charging state identification module 53 determines that there is charging voltage and feeds back a signal to the logic processing module 50; the voltage input by the input end 210 of the over-current detection module 90 is positive voltage, the discharge state identification module 54 determines that there is discharge voltage, and then feeds back a signal to the logic processing module 50, and according to the voltage fed back by the voltage detection module 40, the logic processing module 50 can drive the output module 70 to control the turn-off of the charge control switch Q2 or the discharge control switch Q1 through the charge and discharge signal when the battery is fully charged or over-current discharged, so as to achieve a primary protection effect.
Specifically, the charging state identification module 53 and the discharging state identification module 54 may each include a comparator and a reference power supply, and the comparator is used to compare the input voltage reference power supply to feed back a signal to the logic processing module 50, so as to realize the identification of charging and discharging.
In one embodiment, the integrated circuit 100(U1) further includes a bypass switch 20 electrically connected to the logic processing module 50, the bypass switch 20 is connected in parallel to two ends of the battery, and the logic processing module 50 turns on or off the bypass switch 20 according to the feedback of the voltage detection module 40, so that the current flows from the bypass switch 20 to the battery, thereby controlling the charging and discharging of each battery.
Specifically, the bypass switch 20 may be a functional switch device such as a field effect transistor, the voltage detection module 40 includes an overcharge detection module 43, an overdischarge detection module 42, and a balance detection module 41 electrically connected to the logic processing module 50, and each of the overcharge detection module 43, the overdischarge detection module 42, and the balance detection module 41 corresponds to a battery and is connected to detect a voltage of a corresponding battery, so as to prevent the battery from being overcharged or overdischarged, and balance the electric quantity of each battery through the balance detection module 41.
In one embodiment, the integrated circuit 100(U1) further includes a voltage acquisition module 30 electrically connected to the battery, and the overcharge detection module 43, the overdischarge detection module 42, and the equalization detection module 41 are electrically connected to the voltage acquisition module 30 as a voltage input 210 for determining whether the battery voltage is overcharged or overdischarged.
In an embodiment, the over-current detection module 90, the first temperature detection module 80, the second temperature detection module 81, the overcharge detection module 43, the overdischarge detection module 42, and the equalization detection module 41 may employ a comparator in cooperation with a voltage reference to output a high level to the logic processing module 50 when the battery is overcharged or overdischarged, so as to drive the output module 70 to control the turn-off of the charge control switch Q2 or the discharge control switch Q1 through the charge and discharge signal.
In the above embodiment, the integrated circuit 100(U1) further includes the power module 10, and the power module 10 is used for connecting a power supply to supply power to the inside. Specifically, the power module 10 includes a voltage regulator 11 and a reference voltage 12 electrically connected to the voltage regulator 11, and the voltage regulator 11 is connected to a power supply to supply power to the inside, and the reference voltage 12 can provide a reference for an internal comparator.
In one embodiment, the integrated circuit 100(U1) further includes a load detection module 51 electrically connected to the logic processing module 50. When a load is connected, the load detection module 51 may feed back a signal to the logic processing module 50, and then drive the output module 70 to control the on/off of the charging control switch Q2 and the discharging control switch Q1 according to the charging/discharging signal, so that when the load is connected, the battery supplies power to the load, or when the load is a power supply, the battery is charged, and the like.
In an embodiment, the integrated circuit 100(U1) further includes an overvoltage delay protection module (not shown), an undervoltage delay protection module (not shown), and a discharge overcurrent delay protection module (not shown) electrically connected to the logic processing module 50, where the overvoltage delay protection module, the undervoltage delay protection module, and the discharge overcurrent delay protection module are respectively connected to external capacitors, and the capacitors are respectively used to adjust the battery overvoltage protection delay action time, the battery undervoltage protection delay action time, and the battery discharge overcurrent protection delay action time.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. An integrated circuit for battery charging and discharging protection, comprising: the charging and discharging signal driving output module, the secondary protection output module, the overcurrent detection module, the first temperature detection module, the second temperature detection module and the plurality of voltage detection modules are electrically connected with the logic processing module;
the charging and discharging signal driving output module is used for being externally connected with a charging and discharging control switch, the secondary protection output module is used for being externally connected with a protection element, the voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage of the battery, the overcurrent detection module is used for detecting the charging and discharging current of the battery, the first temperature acquisition circuit is used for acquiring the temperature of the charging and discharging control switch, and the second temperature detection module is used for acquiring the temperature of the battery;
the logic processing module drives the output module to control the disconnection of the charge and discharge control switch through the charge and discharge signal according to the signal fed back by the voltage detection module or the signal fed back by the second temperature detection module;
the logic processing module controls the switching-off of the charge-discharge control switch through the charge-discharge driving output module or controls the switching-off of the protection element through the secondary protection output module according to a signal fed back by the overcurrent detection module or a signal fed back by the first temperature acquisition circuit.
2. The integrated circuit for battery charging and discharging protection according to claim 1, further comprising a charging state identification module and a discharging state identification module electrically connected to the logic processing module, wherein the input terminals of the charging state identification module and the discharging state identification module are electrically connected to the input terminal of the over-current detection module, and the charging state identification module and the discharging state identification module determine the charging and discharging state of the battery according to the input positive and negative voltages.
3. The integrated circuit for battery charging and discharging protection according to claim 2, further comprising a load detection module electrically connected to the logic processing module; and the logic processing module drives the output module to control the on-off of the charge and discharge control switch through the charge and discharge signal according to the signal fed back by the load detection module.
4. The integrated circuit for battery charging and discharging protection according to claim 3, further comprising an overvoltage delay protection module electrically connected to the logic processing module, wherein the overvoltage delay protection module is used for externally connecting a capacitor.
5. The integrated circuit for battery charging and discharging protection according to claim 4, further comprising an under-voltage delay protection module electrically connected to the logic processing module, wherein the under-voltage delay protection module is used for externally connecting a capacitor.
6. The integrated circuit for battery charging and discharging protection according to claim 5, further comprising a discharging overcurrent delay protection module electrically connected to the logic processing module, wherein the discharging overcurrent delay protection module is configured to be externally connected to a capacitor.
7. A battery charge-discharge protection system comprising an integrated circuit for battery charge-discharge protection according to any one of claims 1-6.
8. The battery charging and discharging protection system according to claim 7, comprising an input terminal, an output terminal, a protection element, a battery pack, a current sampling resistor, a charging control switch, a discharging control switch, a first thermistor, a second thermistor;
the input is connected the output through protection component, group battery, current sampling resistor, charge control switch and discharge control switch in proper order, protection component is connected with second grade protection output module electricity, the group battery includes the battery of a plurality of series connections, each the battery corresponds a voltage detection circuit electricity and connects, charge control switch and discharge control switch all are connected with charge-discharge signal drive output module electricity, it still is connected with current sampling resistor, discharge control switch electricity respectively to overflow detection module, first thermistor is connected with first temperature detection module electricity and is used for gathering charge-discharge control switch's temperature, second thermistor is connected the temperature that is used for gathering the battery with second temperature detection module electricity.
9. The battery charging and discharging protection system according to claim 8, wherein the charging control switch is a first fet, the discharging control switch is a second fet, the first fet is connected in series with the second fet, and the gates of the first fet and the second fet are both electrically connected to the charging and discharging signal driving output module.
10. The battery charging and discharging protection system according to claim 9, wherein the protection element is a three-terminal fuse, the secondary protection output module comprises a fourth field effect transistor and a fifth field effect transistor electrically connected with the logic processing module, the fourth field effect transistor and the fifth field effect transistor are connected in series, a source electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected with a power supply, a source electrode of the second field effect transistor is grounded, and the protection element is electrically connected with the fourth field effect transistor and the fifth field effect transistor respectively;
and the fourth field effect tube and the fifth field effect tube are conducted according to the signal output by the logic processing module to fuse the three-terminal fuse.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115133626A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-09-30 | 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 | Battery protection circuit, control method thereof and battery management system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115133626A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-09-30 | 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 | Battery protection circuit, control method thereof and battery management system |
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