CN220368482U - Battery charge-discharge protection circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

This application provides a battery charge and discharge protection circuit. The battery charge and discharge protection circuit includes a charge control module, a discharge control module, a control module and a power supply module. The control module is connected to the charge control module and the discharge control module respectively; the charge control module It is connected with the discharge control module, and the power module is connected with the charging control module and the discharge control module respectively. This application implements charge and discharge monitoring of battery voltage by introducing a charge and discharge control hardware module to ensure charge and discharge safety.

Description

A battery charge and discharge protection circuit

Technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of battery charge and discharge protection, and in particular to a battery charge and discharge protection circuit.

Background technique

Currently, battery voltage overcharge and over-discharge are controlled by detecting voltage software to control the turning off and turning on of MOS devices. However, the voltage software can easily get out of control, causing the control protection to fail and increasing the risk of battery over-discharge or over-charge.

Utility model content

In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide at least one battery charge and discharge protection circuit, which can realize charge and discharge monitoring of battery voltage and ensure the safety of charge and discharge by introducing a charge and discharge control hardware module.

This application mainly includes the following aspects:

In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a battery charge and discharge protection circuit. The battery charge and discharge protection circuit includes a charge control module, a discharge control module, a control module and a power supply module. The control module is connected to the charge control module and the discharge control module respectively. Connection; the charging control module is connected to the discharging control module, and the power module is connected to the charging control module and the discharging control module respectively.

In a possible implementation, the battery charge and discharge protection circuit also includes a first resistor and a circuit protection module, wherein one end of the first resistor is connected to the discharge control module, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the circuit protection module. ;The other end of the circuit protection module is connected to the positive pole of the power module.

In a possible implementation, the charging control module includes a first charging control unit, a second charging control unit and a third charging control unit, wherein the first charging control unit is connected to the second charging control unit, and the second charging control unit The unit is also connected to a third charging control unit, and the third charging control unit is also connected to the discharge control module.

In a possible implementation, the first charging control unit includes a second resistor, a third resistor and a first control switch, wherein one end of the second resistor is connected to the control module, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the third resistor respectively. One end of the resistor is connected to the third connection end of the first control switch, the other end of the third resistor and the first connection end of the first control switch are respectively connected to the negative pole of the power module and then connected to ground, and the second end of the first control switch The connection end is connected to the second charging control unit.

In a possible implementation, the second charging control unit includes a second control switch, a third control switch, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor and a first diode, wherein the The first connection end of the two control switches is connected to the second connection end of the first control switch, the second connection end of the second control switch is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the third charging control unit. , the third connection end of the second control switch is respectively connected to the second connection end of the third control switch and one end of the fifth resistor; the third connection end of the third control switch is respectively connected to one end of the sixth resistor and one end of the seventh resistor. One end is connected, the first connection end of the third control switch is connected to the other end of the sixth resistor and then connected to the cathode of the power module and connected to the ground; the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the anode of the first diode, and the first and second The negative electrode of the pole tube and the other end of the fourth resistor are respectively connected to the third charging control unit.

In a possible implementation, the third charging control unit includes a fourth control switch, an eighth resistor and a first capacitor, wherein the first connection end of the fourth control switch is connected to one end of the eighth resistor and the first capacitor respectively. One end of the first diode, the cathode of the first diode, and the other end of the fourth resistor are connected to the external charging and discharging equipment; the second connection end of the fourth control switch is connected to the discharge control module, and the third connection end of the fourth control switch is connected to the discharge control module respectively. The other end of the eighth resistor, the other end of the first capacitor and the other end of the fourth resistor are connected.

In a possible implementation, the discharge control module includes a first discharge control unit, a second discharge control unit and a third discharge control unit, wherein the first discharge control unit is connected to the second discharge control unit, and the second discharge control unit The unit is also connected to a third discharge control unit.

In a possible implementation, the first discharge control unit includes a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor and a fifth control switch, wherein one end of the ninth resistor is connected to the control module, and the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to the tenth resistor respectively. One end of the resistor is connected to the third connection end of the fifth control switch; the other end of the tenth resistor is connected to the first connection end of the fifth control switch and then connected to the negative pole of the power module and then grounded, and the second connection end of the fifth control switch The terminal is connected to the second discharge control unit.

In a possible implementation, the second discharge control unit includes a sixth control switch, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor and a second diode, wherein the first of the sixth control switch The connection end is connected to the second connection end of the fifth control switch, the second connection end of the sixth control switch is connected to one end of the eleventh resistor, and the third connection end of the sixth control switch is respectively connected to one end of the twelfth resistor and One end of the thirteenth resistor is connected; the other end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the cathode of the power module and then grounded, the other end of the thirteenth resistor is connected to the anode of the second diode, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode. The three discharge control units are connected; the other end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the third discharge control unit.

In a possible implementation, the third discharge control unit includes a seventh control switch, a fourteenth resistor and a second capacitor, wherein the first connection end of the seventh control switch is respectively connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor and the second capacitor. One end of the two capacitors is connected to one end of the first resistor in the battery charge and discharge protection circuit, and the second connection end of the seventh control switch is connected to the second connection end of the fourth control switch in the charging control module; The third connection end is respectively connected to the other end of the fourteenth resistor, the other end of the second capacitor and the other end of the eleventh resistor.

An embodiment of the present application provides a battery charge and discharge protection circuit. The battery charge and discharge protection circuit includes a charge control module, a discharge control module, a control module and a power supply module, wherein the control module is connected to the charge control module and the discharge control module respectively; charging The control module is connected to the discharge control module, and the power module is connected to the discharge control module. This application implements charge and discharge monitoring of battery voltage by introducing a charge and discharge control hardware module to ensure charge and discharge safety.

In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

Description of the drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery charge and discharge protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram 2 of a battery charge and discharge protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 3 shows a schematic structural diagram 3 of a battery charge and discharge protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 4 shows a schematic structural diagram 4 of a battery charge and discharge protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application The drawings are for illustration and description purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Additionally, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowcharts used in this application illustrate operations implemented in accordance with some embodiments of the application. It should be understood that the operations of the flowchart may be implemented out of sequence, and steps without logical context may be implemented in reverse order or simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art can add one or more other operations to the flow chart, or remove one or more operations from the flow chart under the guidance of the content of this application.

In addition, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application provided in the appended drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but rather to represent selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Currently, battery voltage overcharge and over-discharge are controlled by detecting voltage software to control the turning off and turning on of MOS devices. However, the voltage software can easily get out of control, causing the control protection to fail and increasing the risk of battery over-discharge or over-charge.

Based on this, embodiments of the present application provide a battery charge and discharge protection circuit. By introducing a charge and discharge control hardware module, the charge and discharge monitoring of the battery voltage is realized to ensure the safety of charge and discharge. The details are as follows:

Please refer to Figure 1. Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery charge and discharge protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the battery charge and discharge protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a charge control module 1, a discharge control module 2, a control module 3 and a power supply module 4.

Among them, the control module 3 is connected to the charging control module 1 and the discharging control module 2 respectively, the charging control module 1 is connected to the discharging control module 2, and the power module 4 is connected to the discharging control module 2.

Please refer to Figure 2. Figure 2 shows a second structural schematic diagram of a battery charge and discharge protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2, the battery charge and discharge protection circuit also includes a first resistor R1 and a circuit protection module F.

Among them, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the discharge control module 2, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the circuit protection module F, and the other end of the circuit protection module F is connected to the positive electrode of the power module, wherein the first resistor R1 R1 is a current detection resistor, which is used to read the charging and discharging current. The circuit protection module F can be a fuse, which is used for overcurrent protection.

Please refer to Figure 3. Figure 3 shows a schematic structural diagram 3 of a battery charge and discharge protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, the charging control module 1 includes a first charging control unit 11, a second charging control unit 12 and a third charging control unit 13, and the discharging control module includes a first discharging control unit 21, a second discharging control unit 22 and The third discharge control unit 23.

Among them, the first charging control unit 11 is connected to the second charging control unit 12, the second charging control unit 12 is also connected to the third charging control unit 13, the third charging control unit 13 is also connected to the discharge control module 2, the first discharge The control unit 21 is connected to the second discharge control unit 22 , and the second discharge control unit 22 is also connected to the third discharge control unit 23 .

Please refer to FIG. 4 , which shows a schematic structural diagram 4 of a battery charge and discharge protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4 , the first charging control unit 11 includes a second resistor R2 , a third resistor R3 and a first control switch K1 , where the first control switch K1 may be an NMOS switch.

Among them, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the control module 3, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3 and the third connection end of the first control switch K1 respectively, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the control module 3. The first connection end of the first control switch K1 is respectively connected to the negative electrode BAT- of the power module 4 and then connected to the ground PGND. The second connection end of the first control switch K1 is connected to the second charging control unit 12 .

The second charging control unit 12 includes a second control switch K2, a third control switch K3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7 and a first diode D1. The second control switch K2 and the third control switch K3 can use NMOS.

Preferably, the first connection end of the second control switch K2 is connected to the second connection end of the first control switch K1, the second connection end of the second control switch K2 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, and the second connection end of the fourth resistor R4 The other end is connected to the third charging control unit 13. The third connection end of the second control switch K2 is connected to the second connection end of the third control switch K3 and one end of the fifth resistor R5 respectively. The third connection end of the third control switch K3 The connection ends are respectively connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6 and one end of the seventh resistor R7. The first connection end of the third control switch K3 is connected to the other end of the sixth resistor R6 and then connected to the negative electrode BAT- of the power module and connected to the ground. .

The other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the anode of the first diode D1 , and the cathode of the first diode D1 and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 are respectively connected to the third charging control unit 13 .

The third charging control unit 13 includes a fourth control switch K4, an eighth resistor R8 and a first capacitor C1. The eighth resistor R8 and the first capacitor C1 are used to ensure the opening time of the fourth control switch K4. The fourth control switch K4 can for PMOS.

Among them, the first connection end of the fourth control switch K4 is respectively connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, one end of the first capacitor C1, the cathode of the first diode D1, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 and the external charging and discharging device 5 connect.

The second connection end of the fourth control switch K4 is connected to the discharge control module 2, and the third connection end of the fourth control switch K4 is respectively connected to the other end of the eighth resistor R8, the other end of the first capacitor C1 and the fourth resistor R4. Connect the other end.

In another specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 , the first discharge control unit 21 includes a ninth resistor R9 , a tenth resistor R10 and a fifth control switch K5 . The fifth control switch K5 may be an NMOS.

Preferably, one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the control module 3, and the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to one end of the tenth resistor R10 and the third connection end of the fifth control switch K5 respectively.

The other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the first connection end of the fifth control switch K5 and then connected to the negative electrode BAT- of the power module 4 and then grounded. The second connection end of the fifth control switch K5 is connected to the second discharge control unit 22 .

The second discharge control unit 22 includes a sixth control switch K6, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, and a second diode D2.

Preferably, the first connection end of the sixth control switch K6 is connected to the second connection end of the fifth control switch K5, the second connection end of the sixth control switch K6 is connected to one end of the eleventh resistor R11, and the sixth control switch The third connection end of K6 is connected to one end of the twelfth resistor R12 and one end of the thirteenth resistor R13 respectively.

The other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the negative electrode BAT- of the power module 4 and then grounded. The other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2. The cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the third The discharge control unit 23 is connected, and the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the third discharge control unit 23 .

The third discharge control unit 23 includes a seventh control switch K7, a fourteenth resistor R14 and a second capacitor C2. The fourteenth resistor R14 and the second capacitor C2 are used to ensure the conduction time of the seventh control switch K7. The seventh control Switch K7 can be PMOS.

Preferably, the first connection end of the seventh control switch K7 is respectively connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor R14, one end of the second capacitor C2 and one end of the first resistor R1 in the battery charge and discharge protection circuit. The seventh control switch K7 The second connection end of is connected to the second connection end of the fourth control switch K4 in the charging control module 1 .

The third connection end of the seventh control switch K7 is respectively connected to the other end of the fourteenth resistor R14, the other end of the second capacitor C2 and the other end of the eleventh resistor R11.

In a specific implementation, as shown in Figure 4, when the external charging and discharging equipment 5 wants to charge the power module 4, the control module outputs a high level to the third connection end of the first control switch K1, and sequentially controls the first control switch K1, the second control switch K2 and the fourth control switch K4 are turned on, the control module outputs a low level to the third connection end of the fifth control switch K5, and the sixth control switch K6 and the seventh control switch K7 are in a cut-off state, that is, The charging control module 1 is in the on state, and the discharge control module 2 is in the off state. At this time, if the voltage provided by the external charging and discharging equipment 5 does not exceed the normal charging range, the third control switch K3 is in the off state, and the external charging and discharging equipment 5 is normal. Charge the power module.

When the voltage provided by the external charging and discharging device 5 exceeds the maximum charging voltage allowed by the power module 4, the first diode D1 is turned on, and the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 drive the third control switch K3 after the voltage division. is turned on, causing the second control switch K2 to be turned off. At this time, the fourth control switch K4 is in a cut-off state, so that the voltage provided by the external charging and discharging device 5 cannot enter the power module 4, which reliably and effectively protects the battery. , avoiding the risk of overvoltage.

When the power module 4 is required to discharge the external charging and discharging equipment 5, the control module 3 outputs a high level to the third connection end of the fifth control switch K5, and sequentially controls the fifth control switch K5, the sixth control switch K6 and the seventh control switch K5. The control switch K7 is turned on, and the control module 3 outputs a low level to the third connection end of the first control switch K1 to control the first control switch K1, the second control switch K2 and the fourth control switch K4 to be in a cut-off state, that is, charging The control module 1 is in the off state, and the discharge control module 2 is in the on state, so that the power supply module 4 can discharge the external charging and discharging equipment 5 .

When the power module 4 is in an undervoltage state, the second diode D2 is turned on at this time, and the thirteenth resistor R13 and the fourteenth resistor R14 through the voltage division are turned on to the ground, causing the third control switch K3 to be turned off. , the seventh control switch K7 is in the cut-off state. In this way, when the voltage of the power module 4 is too low, the power module 4 cannot discharge externally, thereby reducing the risk of undervoltage of the power module 4.

This application ensures that the battery is charged and discharged within a limited voltage range through the combination of a charging control circuit and a discharging control circuit, and the battery is well protected within the limited charging and discharging voltage range.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and they should be covered by within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A battery charge and discharge protection circuit, characterized in that the battery charge and discharge protection circuit includes a charge control module, a discharge control module, a control module and a power supply module, Wherein, the control module is connected to the charging control module and the discharging control module respectively; The charging control module is connected to the discharging control module, and the power module is connected to the charging control module and the discharging control module respectively; Wherein, the battery charge and discharge protection circuit also includes a first resistor and a circuit protection module, Wherein, one end of the first resistor is connected to the discharge control module, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the circuit protection module; The other end of the circuit protection module is connected to the positive electrode of the power module. 2. The battery charge and discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the charging control module includes a first charging control unit, a second charging control unit and a third charging control unit, Wherein, the first charging control unit is connected to the second charging control unit, the second charging control unit is also connected to the third charging control unit, and the third charging control unit is also connected to the discharge control unit. Module connection. 3. The battery charge and discharge protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the first charge control unit includes a second resistor, a third resistor and a first control switch, Wherein, one end of the second resistor is connected to the control module, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to one end of the third resistor and the third connection end of the first control switch respectively; The other end of the third resistor and the first connection end of the first control switch are respectively connected to the negative electrode of the power module and then connected to ground, and the second connection end of the first control switch is connected to the second Charging control unit connection. 4. The battery charge and discharge protection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that the second charging control unit includes a second control switch, a third control switch, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, Seven resistors and the first diode, Wherein, the first connection end of the second control switch is connected to the second connection end of the first control switch, the second connection end of the second control switch is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and the The other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the third charging control unit, and the third connection end of the second control switch is respectively connected to the second connection end of the third control switch and one end of the fifth resistor; The third connection end of the third control switch is connected to one end of the sixth resistor and one end of the seventh resistor respectively, and the first connection end of the third control switch is connected to the other end of the sixth resistor. After connection, connect it to the negative pole of the power module and connect it to ground; The other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the anode of the first diode, and the cathode of the first diode and the other end of the fourth resistor are respectively connected to the third charging control unit. 5. The battery charge and discharge protection circuit according to claim 4, wherein the third charging control unit includes a fourth control switch, an eighth resistor and a first capacitor, Wherein, the first connection end of the fourth control switch is respectively connected to one end of the eighth resistor, one end of the first capacitor, the cathode of the first diode, the other end of the fourth resistor and External charging and discharging equipment connection; The second connection end of the fourth control switch is connected to the discharge control module, and the third connection end of the fourth control switch is respectively connected to the other end of the eighth resistor, the other end of the first capacitor and The other end of the fourth resistor is connected. 6. The battery charge and discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the discharge control module includes a first discharge control unit, a second discharge control unit and a third discharge control unit, Wherein, the first discharge control unit is connected to the second discharge control unit, and the second discharge control unit is also connected to the third discharge control unit. 7. The battery charge and discharge protection circuit according to claim 6, wherein the first discharge control unit includes a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor and a fifth control switch, Wherein, one end of the ninth resistor is connected to the control module, and the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to one end of the tenth resistor and the third connection end of the fifth control switch respectively; The other end of the tenth resistor is connected to the first connection end of the fifth control switch and then connected to the negative pole of the power module and then grounded, and the second connection end of the fifth control switch is connected to the second discharge Control unit connection. 8. The battery charge and discharge protection circuit according to claim 7, wherein the second discharge control unit includes a sixth control switch, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor and a second resistor. pole tube, Wherein, the first connection end of the sixth control switch is connected to the second connection end of the fifth control switch, and the second connection end of the sixth control switch is connected to one end of the eleventh resistor, so The third connection end of the sixth control switch is connected to one end of the twelfth resistor and one end of the thirteenth resistor respectively; The other end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the cathode of the power module and then grounded. The other end of the thirteenth resistor is connected to the anode of the second diode. The cathode of the second diode Connected to the third discharge control unit; The other end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the third discharge control unit. 9. The battery charge and discharge protection circuit according to claim 8, wherein the third discharge control unit includes a seventh control switch, a fourteenth resistor and a second capacitor, Wherein, the first connection end of the seventh control switch is respectively connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor, one end of the second capacitor and one end of the first resistor in the battery charge and discharge protection circuit, and the The second connection end of the seventh control switch is connected to the second connection end of the fourth control switch in the charging control module; The third connection end of the seventh control switch is respectively connected to the other end of the fourteenth resistor, the other end of the second capacitor and the other end of the eleventh resistor.