CN216145765U - Antenna and vehicle with same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to an antenna and a vehicle having the same. The antenna includes: the radiator comprises two radiation bodies, each radiation body is provided with a radiation wing, a distance is reserved between the two radiation bodies, and the radiation wings are arranged in a back-to-back mode; the distance between the corresponding outer edges of the radiation wings of the two radiation bodies is gradually reduced along the direction from the two ends of the radiation body to the middle; one end of the feed structure is used for being electrically connected with a transmitter and a receiver, and the other end of the feed structure is electrically connected with any one of the two radiation bodies; and the reflecting plate is arranged corresponding to the radiating body and used for enhancing the signal intensity transmitted and received by the radiating body. The scheme provided by the application can have stronger transmitting and receiving performances, larger frequency bandwidth and more stable directional diagram.

Description

Antenna and vehicle with same

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an antenna and a vehicle with the antenna.

Background

An antenna is an important component of a radio device, and is an important part of a radio device for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves, and converts a guided wave propagating on a transmission line into an electromagnetic wave propagating in an unbounded medium, i.e., a signal transmitted by a transmitter, or conversely, converts an electromagnetic wave propagating in an unbounded medium into a guided wave, which is received by a receiver.

The radiation performance of the antenna used on the vehicle in the related art is not ideal enough, and the transmission and the reception of signals on the vehicle are influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve or partially solve the problems in the related art, the application provides an antenna and a vehicle with the antenna, which can improve the transmission and receiving performance of signals on the vehicle.

A first aspect of the present application provides an antenna comprising: the radiator comprises two radiation bodies, each radiation body is provided with a radiation wing, a distance is reserved between the two radiation bodies, and the radiation wings are arranged in a back-to-back mode; the distance between the corresponding outer edges of the radiation wings of the two radiation bodies is gradually reduced along the direction from the two ends of the radiation body to the middle; one end of the feed structure is used for being electrically connected with a transmitter and a receiver, and the other end of the feed structure is electrically connected with any one of the two radiation bodies; and the reflecting plate is arranged corresponding to the radiating body and used for enhancing the signal intensity transmitted and received by the radiating body.

Further, in the above antenna, the radiation wing extends to an outside of the radiation body.

Further, in the above antenna, the two radiating bodies are located in the same plane; and/or the two radiation bodies are same in structure and are symmetrically arranged.

Further, in the above antenna, the feed structure is a microstrip feed structure.

Further, the antenna further includes: the radiator and the microstrip feed structure are respectively arranged on two sides of the substrate.

Further, in the antenna, the substrate is a transparent substrate.

Further, in the antenna, the substrate and the reflection plate are disposed in a corresponding manner and have a distance.

Further, the antenna further includes: the coaxial cable comprises a substrate, a coaxial wire, a coaxial cable and a coaxial cable, wherein one of an inner core and an outer conductor of the coaxial wire is connected with a wiring on one surface of the substrate, and the other of the inner core and the outer conductor of the coaxial wire is connected with a wiring on the other surface of the substrate; the radiating body and the microstrip feed structure are respectively connected with the inner core and the outer conductor of the coaxial line through the wiring on the substrate surface where the radiating body and the microstrip feed structure are located.

Further, in the above antenna, the feed structure is a balun-coupled feed structure.

A second aspect of the present application provides a vehicle having any of the above-described antennas disposed thereon.

The technical scheme provided by the application can comprise the following beneficial effects:

radiation wings on two radiation bodies form a pair of half-wave dipoles that connect in parallel in this application, and the signal of telecommunication of transmitter transmission passes through the radiation body that feed structure feed-in is connected, and two radiation body phase couplings are compared with the antenna among the correlation technique to external transmission signal, and the structural style of antenna in this application has stronger transmission and reception performance, and great frequency bandwidth has more stable directional diagram.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.

Drawings

The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the application will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the application as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the application.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a front view of an antenna shown in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a side view of an antenna shown in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a standing wave diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a unit horizontal plane radiation pattern of the antenna shown in the embodiments of the present application;

fig. 6 is a unit vertical plane radiation diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a standing wave diagram of antenna units under reflectors of different sizes of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

reference numerals:

the radiator 100, the radiation body 110, the radiation wing 111, the feed structure 200, the radiation plate 300, the coaxial line 400, and the substrate 500.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present application are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. may be used herein to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be considered limiting of the present application.

Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections as well as removable connections or combinations; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

The vehicle in the related art generally transmits and receives signals through an antenna, and the antenna converts a guided wave propagating on a transmission line into an electromagnetic wave propagating in an unbounded medium, that is, a signal transmitted by a transmitter, or conversely converts an electromagnetic wave propagating in an unbounded medium into a guided wave, thereby causing a receiver to receive the signal. However, the radiation performance of the antenna on the vehicle in the related art is not ideal enough, and the transmission and the reception of signals on the vehicle are influenced.

In view of the above problem, embodiments of the present application provide an antenna that can improve the performance of transmitting and receiving signals on a vehicle.

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna shown in an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 1, the antenna according to the embodiment of the present application includes a radiator 100, a feed structure 200, and a reflection plate 300.

The radiator 100 includes two radiation bodies 110, each radiation body 110 is formed with a radiation wing 111, the two radiation bodies 110 are disposed correspondingly, the radiation wings 111 of the two radiation bodies 110 are disposed opposite to each other, and a distance d1 is left between the opposite surfaces of the two radiation bodies 110. Preferably, the opposite faces of the two radiating bodies 110 are of planar configuration.

The distance d2 between the corresponding outer edges of the radiating wings 111 of the two radiating bodies 110 becomes gradually smaller along the direction from the two end portions (points a and B in fig. 2) to the middle portion (point C in fig. 2) of the radiating bodies 110, i.e., the radiating bodies 110 are in the shape of a central depression, and the radiating wings 111 of the two radiating bodies 110 form a pair of parallel half-wave dipoles. In specific implementation, the outer edge of the radiation wing 111 may gradually change along a straight line from the end portion to the middle portion of the radiation body 110, or may gradually change along an arc line.

It should be noted that, in practical implementation, the distance d1 between the opposite surfaces of the two radiation bodies 110 can be determined according to practical situations, and this embodiment does not limit it at all.

One end of the feed structure 200 is for electrical connection with the transmitter and the receiver, and the other end of the feed structure 200 is electrically connected with any one of the two radiating bodies 110. Specifically, the feed structure 200 and any one of the radiators 110 may be electrically connected by using a coaxial line 400, an inner core of the coaxial line 400 is connected to the feed structure 200, and an outer conductor of the coaxial line 400 is connected to any one of the two radiating bodies 100. Of course, it is also possible that the inner core of the coaxial line 400 is connected to either of the two radiating bodies 100, and the outer conductor of the coaxial line 400 is connected to the feeding structure 200.

The reflective plate 300 is disposed corresponding to the radiator 100 to enhance the strength of signals transmitted and received by the radiator.

The radiation wings of the two radiation bodies in the embodiment of the application form a pair of half-wave dipoles connected in parallel, the electric signal transmitted by the transmitter is fed into the radiation body 110 connected through the feed structure, and the two radiation bodies 110 are coupled to transmit the signal to the outside.

With continued reference to fig. 2, the radiating fins 111 extend outward to the outside of both ends of the radiating body 110. Specifically, both end portions D of the left side (with respect to the state shown in fig. 2) of the radiation wing 111 extend obliquely upward and obliquely downward, and the end portion D of the radiation wing is disposed at the left side of the end portion a of the radiation body 110. Similarly, two end portions D of the right side of the radiation wing 111 extend obliquely upward and obliquely downward, and the end portion D of the radiation wing 111 is disposed at the right side of the end portion B of the radiation body 110. The upper, lower, left and right in the embodiment of the present application are relative to the state shown in fig. 2. The form of the radiation wing 111 in the embodiment of the present application can further increase the radiation effect and improve the radiation performance of the antenna. In addition, the shape of the radiator 100 in the embodiment of the present application may be matched to the vehicle icon to enhance the overall aesthetic appearance of the vehicle.

With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, both radiating bodies 110 are planar and arranged in the same plane. The two radiation bodies 110 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged to improve radiation effect.

Referring to fig. 3, the embodiment of the present application further includes a substrate 500, and the feeding structure 200 is a microstrip feeding structure, and specifically, the microstrip feeding structure may be a t-shaped microstrip feeding structure. The substrate 500 is a PCB, the t-shaped microstrip feeding structure is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate 500 (relative to the state shown in fig. 3), and the radiation body 110 is disposed on the lower surface of the substrate 500 (relative to the state shown in fig. 3). The substrate 500 is provided with a through hole through which the coaxial line 400 passes, and the inner core of the coaxial line 400 is electrically connected with the t-shaped microstrip feed structure through the wiring on the substrate 500, the outer conductor of the coaxial line 400 is electrically connected with one of the radiating bodies 110 through the wiring on the other side of the substrate 500, and the other radiating body 110 may be arranged on the substrate 500 or not arranged on the substrate 500, as long as the two radiating bodies 110 can be coupled.

Of course, the radiation body 110 may also be disposed on the upper surface of the substrate 500, and the t-shaped microstrip feed structure is disposed on the lower surface of the substrate 500.

The substrate 500 is disposed corresponding to the reflective plate 300 and has a distance, and the distance between the substrate 500 and the reflective plate 300 can be determined according to practical situations, which is not limited in this embodiment.

It should be noted that, in implementation, the feeding structure 200 in the embodiment of the present application may also be another feeding structure known to those skilled in the art, for example, a balun coupling feeding structure, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific form of the feeding structure.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, the radiation body 110 and the feeding structure are uniformly distributed on the substrate 500, so that the structure is compact, the occupied space is small, and the implementation is easy.

Further, the substrate 500 is a transparent substrate, and the substrate 500 is made of a transparent material, so that the aesthetic degree of the antenna is further increased.

The following tests were performed on the antenna in the example of the present application:

the width d3 and length d4 of the radiator 100 are about 0.36 and 0.6 wavelengths of the center frequency point, respectively, the substrate thickness is 0.762mm, and the dielectric constant is 3.0. The distance between the substrate 500 and the reflection plate 300 is about 1/4 wavelengths at the center point, which makes the overall structure of the antenna simple and greatly reduces the material, processing and assembly costs. The radiator 100 forms a larger 3dB wave width on the horizontal plane, and the working frequency band coverage of the antenna is 4.7-5.3 GHz. The gradually changing structure and the T-shaped microstrip coupling feed structure of the radiator 100 enable the microstrip antenna to realize a larger frequency bandwidth, the 1.5 impedance matching bandwidth reaches over 49%, and the microstrip antenna has a more stable directional diagram.

Fig. 4 is a standing wave diagram of the antenna unit.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal plane radiation pattern of the antenna unit, in fig. 5, a curve a is a 4.7GHz horizontal plane pattern curve, a curve B is a 5.0GHz horizontal plane pattern curve, and a curve C is a 5.3GHz horizontal plane pattern curve.

Fig. 6 is a vertical plane radiation diagram of the antenna unit, in fig. 6, a curve a is a 4.7GHz vertical plane directional diagram curve, a curve B is a 5.0GHz vertical plane directional diagram curve, and a curve C is a 5.3GHz vertical plane directional diagram curve.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the wave width of 3dB on the horizontal plane is 72-78 °, the wave width of 3dB on the vertical plane is 66-68 °, a wide angular range can be covered, and a stable gain of 8.0dBi or more can be obtained.

Fig. 7 is a standing wave diagram of the antenna unit under different sizes of the reflector, where curve a in fig. 7 represents 40mm each of the length and width of the reflector, curve B represents 75mm each of the length and width of the reflector, and curve C represents 100mm each of the length and width of the reflector. The length and width directions of the reflection plate 300 in fig. 7 are the same as those of the radiator 100. As shown in fig. 7, the antenna impedance matching performance is slightly affected by the size of the reflector, so that the antenna is suitable for being mounted on metal surfaces with different sizes, such as various parts of automobiles and aerocars.

Corresponding to the application function realizing device embodiment, the application also provides a vehicle and a corresponding embodiment. The vehicle is provided with any one of the antennas described above.

Since the antenna has the technical effects, the vehicle with the antenna also has corresponding technical effects.

The aspects of the present application have been described in detail hereinabove with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the acts and modules referred to in the specification are not necessarily required for the application. In addition, it can be understood that the steps in the method of the embodiment of the present application may be sequentially adjusted, combined, and deleted according to actual needs, and the modules in the device of the embodiment of the present application may be combined, divided, and deleted according to actual needs.

Having described embodiments of the present application, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. An antenna, comprising:

the radiator comprises two radiation bodies, each radiation body is provided with a radiation wing, a distance is reserved between the two radiation bodies, and the radiation wings are arranged in a back-to-back mode; the distance between the corresponding outer edges of the radiation wings of the two radiation bodies is gradually reduced along the direction from the two ends of the radiation body to the middle;

one end of the feed structure is used for being electrically connected with a transmitter and a receiver, and the other end of the feed structure is electrically connected with any one of the two radiation bodies;

and the reflecting plate is arranged corresponding to the radiating body and used for enhancing the signal intensity transmitted and received by the radiating body.

2. The antenna of claim 1,

the radiating fin extends to the outside of the radiating body.

3. The antenna of claim 1,

the two radiating bodies are positioned in the same plane; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the two radiation bodies are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged.

4. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

the feed structure is a microstrip feed structure.

5. The antenna of claim 4, further comprising:

the radiator and the microstrip feed structure are respectively arranged on two sides of the substrate.

6. The antenna of claim 5,

the substrate is a transparent substrate.

7. The antenna of claim 5,

the substrate and the reflecting plate are correspondingly arranged and have a distance.

8. The antenna of claim 5, further comprising:

the coaxial cable comprises a substrate, a coaxial wire, a coaxial cable and a coaxial cable, wherein one of an inner core and an outer conductor of the coaxial wire is connected with a wiring on one surface of the substrate, and the other of the inner core and the outer conductor of the coaxial wire is connected with a wiring on the other surface of the substrate;

the radiating body and the microstrip feed structure are respectively connected with the inner core and the outer conductor of the coaxial line through the wiring on the substrate surface where the radiating body and the microstrip feed structure are located.

9. An antenna according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that

The feed structure is a balun coupling feed structure.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that an antenna according to any one of claims 1-9 is provided.

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