CN216087691U - Tobacco stalk harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tobacco stem harvester, which relates to the technical field of tobacco stem harvesting and comprises a stem pulling mechanism, a belt gathering mechanism, a collecting and bundling mechanism, a toothed harrow and a root crushing mechanism, wherein the stem pulling mechanism is arranged on a vehicle body; the belt furling mechanism is connected to the rear end of the stalk pulling mechanism to furl the tobacco stalks, the belt furling mechanism clamps the tobacco stalks to be rolled into the collecting and bundling mechanism to be bundled and discharged, the toothed rakes are connected to the bottom of the belt furling mechanism at equal intervals along the direction of tobacco ridges to dig roots by pushing the ridges, and the toothed rakes are connected with the feeding end of the feeding mechanism. The tobacco stalk harvesting machine is provided with the stalk pulling mechanism, the belt furling mechanism, the collecting and bundling mechanism, the toothed harrow, the root crushing mechanism and the feeding mechanism, and solves the problems of cutting off the upper part of tobacco stalk ridges, pulling out root systems in the ridges, removing root system soil, turning soil on the ridges, orderly bundling the upper part of the tobacco stalk ridges and crushing the root systems in the ridges.

Description

Tobacco stalk harvester

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of tobacco stalk harvesting, in particular to a tobacco stalk harvester.

Background

Tobacco is one of the most important economic crops in China, and the planting area and the yield of the tobacco are in the top of the world. With the increase of the planting area of tobacco, a large amount of tobacco stalks are left on tobacco ridges after the tobacco plants on the field are harvested on the upper leaves, the important point for cleaning the tobacco field is to pull out the tobacco stalks in time, the tobacco stalks are very useful industrial raw materials and can be processed into fiberboards and active carbon or used as papermaking raw materials, the tobacco stalks cannot be pulled out and collected in time in batches due to low efficiency and high cost of manual stalk pulling, the root systems of the tobacco stalks are very developed, the traditional manual stalk pulling-out mode is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the industrial utilization of the tobacco stalks is limited; the tobacco stalk harvesting work urgently needs machinery to replace heavy manual labor, and meanwhile, the labor cost is saved to the maximum extent, and the tobacco grower can gain income. Therefore, the realization of mechanization of tobacco stalk pulling in China becomes an important research of tobacco industry production.

Because reaping of tobacco stalk is including pulling out the stalk, the root is handled, multichannel processes such as collection, and tobacco stalk root is bulky, do not cut away the neat pile that can influence the tobacco stalk, difficult whole bundling, and the tobacco stalk takes soil, influence the cleanliness factor of post collection processing, simultaneously for the nutrient element who contains in the make full use of abandonment tobacco stalk, solve the tobacco plant residuum and handle a difficult problem, not only in time pull out the tobacco stalk, the clearance field, and need carry out the soil preparation, treat that the part pupa that is turned over the upper strata dies because of a large amount of losses of water, can do benefit to the activation soil. After the soil is turned over, the effect of root system excavation treatment is better, soil is loose, and the permeability is better, and winter snow melts in spring, can ooze the people soil layer, effectively activates soil, improves soil structure.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at various problems and defects of tobacco stalk harvesting treatment, the utility model provides a tobacco stalk harvester which is used for solving the problems of cutting off the upper part of tobacco stalk ridges, removing root systems in the ridges, removing root system soil, turning soil on the ridges, tidily bundling the upper part of the tobacco stalk ridges and crushing the root systems in the ridges.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a tobacco stalk harvester comprises a stalk pulling mechanism arranged on a vehicle body, and also comprises a belt furling mechanism, a collecting and bundling mechanism, a tooth rake and a root crushing mechanism which are arranged on the vehicle body, wherein the stalk pulling mechanism and the tooth rake are sequentially arranged on one side of the vehicle body along the direction of tobacco ridges to pull stalks and harvest;

the belt drawing mechanism is connected to the rear end of the stalk pulling mechanism and used for drawing in tobacco stalks, the belt drawing mechanism clamps the tobacco stalks and winds the tobacco stalks to the collecting and bundling mechanism for bundling and discharging, the toothed rakes are connected to the bottom of the belt drawing mechanism at equal intervals along the direction of tobacco ridges and used for pushing the ridges to dig roots, the toothed rakes are connected with the feeding end of the feeding mechanism, and the feeding port of the root crushing mechanism is connected with the discharging end of the feeding mechanism.

Preferably, pull out the stalk mechanism and lead into board, power cutting wheel and push away the stalk mechanism by the tobacco stalk and constitute, the tobacco stalk leads into the board and is splayed and distributes in power cutting wheel both sides in order to fix a position the tobacco stalk, it is rotatory in power cutting wheel both sides and by bottom actuating mechanism drive to push away the stalk to the belt draws in the mechanism in with the rotation, the power cutting wheel is rotatory in order to cut the ridge upper portion of tobacco stalk by the drive of bottom actuating mechanism.

Preferably, the belt furling mechanism is composed of an upper layer belt conveyor and a lower layer belt conveyor which are arranged up and down, the upper layer belt conveyor is horizontally arranged, and the lower layer belt conveyor is obliquely and downwards arranged along the feeding direction so as to clamp the tobacco stalks to move.

Preferably, the collecting and bundling mechanism comprises a collecting box, one side of the collecting box, which is close to the tail part of the vehicle body, is provided with a discharging window for discharging, the bottom of the collecting box is provided with a roller type conveying mechanism for feeding along the direction of the discharging window, one end of the roller type conveying mechanism corresponds to the position of the discharging window and is provided with a bundling machine, the top of the collecting box is provided with a horizontal electric rail slide rail, the horizontal electric rail slide rail drives the vertical electric rail slide rail to move horizontally, the vertical electric rail slide rail drives a pressing plate to move vertically, the pressing plate moves along the direction close to the roller type conveying mechanism to move along the direction of the bundling machine for bundling and discharging.

Preferably, the feeding mechanism is formed by connecting the end parts of a horizontal belt conveyor and an inclined belt conveyor, the horizontal belt conveyor and the inclined belt conveyor are respectively connected with the tooth rake and the root crushing mechanism, and a plurality of slag falling holes are formed in a belt of the inclined belt conveyor.

Preferably, the root crushing mechanism rotates by a crushing cutter frame in the crushing box to crush the roots of the tobacco stalks.

Preferably, the tooth rakes are provided with at least three groups.

Preferably, the harvester still includes the mechanism of disinfecting that sets up on the automobile body, the mechanism of disinfecting includes spray tube that the intercommunication spray tube was located the slope belt conveyor top in the spray tube case.

The utility model provides a tobacco stem harvester which has the following beneficial effects:

the tobacco stalk plucking machine is provided with the stalk plucking mechanism, the belt furling mechanism, the collecting and bundling mechanism, the toothed harrow, the root smashing mechanism and the feeding mechanism, belongs to a suspended agricultural tool and is installed on a machine body, the structure is stable, the machine is stable in performance and simple to operate, only one person needs to start the machine body to operate along ridges when stalk is plucked, the machine moves along the direction of tobacco ridges to treat tobacco stalks on one tobacco ridge, the working efficiency is high, the cost is low, the functions of one-time continuous stalk plucking, orderly collecting, bundling and blanking, ridge pushing, soil turning, root digging, root soil removing and root smashing are realized, the labor efficiency is greatly improved relative to manual stalk plucking, the plucking effect is good, the functions are multiple, the use is convenient, the tobacco stalk plucking machine is ideal equipment for the operation of stalk plucking, and is suitable for tobacco fields such as plains, hills and mountainous lands with few stones;

the stalk pulling mechanism carries out positioning cutting on the tobacco stalks and pushes the lodged tobacco stalks to be poured onto the lower layer belt conveyor, so that the operation is stable, and the stalk parts and the roots are conveniently distributed and processed;

the belt furling mechanism automatically clamps and rolls in the tobacco stalks, and the collection is rapid;

the collecting and bundling mechanism neatly places and firmly bundles the tobacco stalks, and automatically discharges the tobacco stalks to empty the collecting box;

the toothed harrow is driven by the vehicle body to dig soil and root on the tobacco ridges, shake soil at the roots, effectively activate the soil, improve the soil structure and ensure the cleanliness of collection treatment;

the root crushing mechanism is used for crushing the root of the introduced tobacco stalk, so that the tobacco stalk is convenient to collect and utilize.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the collecting and bundling mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 1 at A according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the rake structure of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a vehicle body; 2. a stalk pulling mechanism; 21. a tobacco stalk introducing plate; 22. a powered cutting wheel; 23. a stalk pushing mechanism; 3. a belt furling mechanism; 31. an upper belt conveyor; 32. a lower layer belt conveyor; 4. a bundling collecting mechanism; 41. a collection box; 42. a discharge window; 43. a roller-type conveying mechanism; 44. a bundler; 45. a horizontal electric rail slide; 46. a vertical electric rail slide; 47. pressing a plate; 5. a toothed harrow; 6. a root crushing mechanism; 7. a feeding mechanism; 71. a horizontal belt conveyor; 72. an inclined belt conveyor; 721. a slag falling hole; 8. a sterilization mechanism; 81. a liquid medicine box; 82. and (4) a spray pipe.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a tobacco stalk harvester comprises a stalk pulling mechanism 2 arranged on a vehicle body 1, and further comprises a belt drawing mechanism 3, a collecting and bundling mechanism 4, a toothed harrow 5 and a root crushing mechanism 6 which are arranged on the vehicle body 1, wherein the stalk pulling mechanism 2 and the toothed harrow 5 are sequentially arranged on one side of the vehicle body 1 along a tobacco ridge direction to pull stalks for harvesting, and the vehicle body 1 moves along a parallel ridge direction, so that the stalk pulling mechanism 2 and the toothed harrow 5 are sequentially and continuously harvesting the tobacco stalks planted in the tobacco ridge direction;

the belt drawing mechanism 3 is connected to the rear end of the stalk pulling mechanism 2 to draw in the tobacco stalks, the harvested tobacco stalks sequentially fall into the belt drawing mechanism 3 and can be drawn in, the belt drawing mechanism 3 clamps the tobacco stalks to be rolled into the collecting and bundling mechanism 4 to be bundled and discharged, the toothed rakes 5 are connected to the bottom of the belt drawing mechanism 3 at equal intervals along the direction of tobacco ridges to push the ridges to dig roots, the toothed rakes 5 are connected with the feeding end of the feeding mechanism 7, the feeding port of the root crushing mechanism 6 is connected with the discharging end of the feeding mechanism 7, the roots shaking the soil are pushed onto the feeding mechanism 7 by the toothed rakes 5 at the tail part, and then the roots are sent into the root crushing mechanism 6 by the feeding mechanism 7 to be crushed.

As a technical optimization scheme of the utility model, the stalk pulling mechanism 2 consists of a tobacco stalk guide plate 21, a power cutting wheel 22 and a stalk pushing mechanism 23, wherein the tobacco stalk guide plate 21 is distributed on two sides of the power cutting wheel 22 in a splayed manner to position tobacco stalks, the stalk pushing mechanisms 23 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the power cutting wheel 22 and driven to rotate by a bottom driving mechanism, side arms of the stalk pushing mechanism 23 rotate to push stalks, cut tobacco stalks are discharged onto a belt furling mechanism 3, and the power cutting wheel 22 is driven to rotate by the bottom driving mechanism to cut the upper ridge parts of the tobacco stalks.

As a technical optimization scheme of the utility model, the belt furling mechanism 3 consists of an upper layer belt conveyor 31 and a lower layer belt conveyor 32 which are arranged up and down, the upper layer belt conveyor 31 is horizontally arranged, the lower layer belt conveyor 32 is obliquely and downwards arranged along the feeding direction, and the upper layer belt conveyor 31 and the lower layer belt conveyor 32 are driven by a motor and a gear disc to respectively rotate in opposite directions so as to be convenient for clamping tobacco stalks to move towards the feeding direction of the collecting and bundling mechanism 4 after feeding, thereby enhancing the conveying effect of the tobacco stalks and effectively avoiding the blockage problem in the conveying process.

As a technical optimization scheme of the utility model, the collecting and bundling mechanism 4 comprises a collecting box 41, the collecting box 41 is used for collecting tobacco stalks, one side of the collecting box 41 close to the tail part of the vehicle body 1 is provided with a discharging window 42 for bundling and then discharging the tobacco stalks to a tobacco field, the collecting box 41 is convenient to empty, the bundled tobacco stalks are kept in the field, the bottom of the collecting box 41 is provided with a roller type conveying mechanism 43 for feeding along the direction of the discharging window 42, the roller type conveying mechanism 43 and a pressing plate 47 synchronously move at the same speed, one end of the roller type conveying mechanism 43 is provided with a bundling machine 44 corresponding to the position of the discharging window 42, the bundling machine 44 is a full-automatic band bundling machine, the whole tobacco stalks are bundled through intelligent infrared induction, the bundling efficiency is high, the tobacco stalks do not need to be smashed, the later-stage multiple directions are convenient to recycle, the top of the collecting box 41 is provided with a horizontal electric rail slide rail 45, the horizontal electric rail slide rail 45 drives a vertical electric rail slide rail 46 to move horizontally, the vertical electric rail slide rail 46 drives the pressing plate 47 to move vertically, and the pressing plate 47 moves in the direction close to the roller type conveying mechanism 43 so as to clamp the tobacco stalks and move the bundling and discharging in the direction of the bundling machine 44.

As a technical optimization scheme of the utility model, the feeding mechanism 7 is formed by connecting the end parts of a horizontal belt conveyor 71 and an inclined belt conveyor 72, the horizontal belt conveyor 71 and the inclined belt conveyor 72 are respectively connected with a tooth rake 5 and a root crushing mechanism 6, and a plurality of slag falling holes 721 are arranged on a belt of the inclined belt conveyor 72, so that the fine slag at the root can be conveniently fallen again, and the soil removing effect is good.

As a technical optimization scheme of the utility model, the root crushing mechanism 6 rotates by a crushing cutter frame in the crushing box to perform crushing treatment such as shearing, impacting, grinding and the like on the root of the tobacco stalk, the crushed particles are uniform, and the discharge port of the root crushing mechanism 6 is arranged at the tail part and can be bagged and collected according to requirements.

As a technical optimization scheme of the utility model, the tooth harrow 5 is provided with at least three groups, the three groups of tooth harrow 5 are sequentially arranged along the ridge direction and are respectively used for turning soil, digging roots, shaking soil and pushing roots for feeding, the tooth harrow 5 is provided with a plurality of groups of tooth teeth which are inclined downwards and are long enough, notches which are close to the diameter of the tobacco stalks are formed among the tooth teeth through fixed tooth distances, and the notches are used for removing main roots, lateral roots and adventitious roots.

The harvester also comprises a sterilization mechanism 8 arranged on the harvester body, wherein the sterilization mechanism 8 comprises a liquid medicine box 81 and a spray pipe 82 which is communicated with the liquid medicine box 81 and is positioned above the inclined belt conveyor 72. The sterilizing mechanism can spray the sterilizing liquid medicine to the tobacco plant root blocks on the inclined belt conveyor 72 through the spraying pipe 82 to kill germs in the tobacco plant root systems and the corresponding soil, so that the roots of the tobacco plants and germs carried in the attached soil are prevented from returning to the field.

The working principle is as follows: when the tobacco stalk harvester is used, the vehicle body 1 slowly runs along the ridge direction on one side of a tobacco ridge of tobacco stalks to be harvested, the stalk pulling mechanisms 2 are just corresponding to the ridge, the upper part of the tobacco stalks on the ridge is cut close to the power cutting wheels 22 under the guiding of the tobacco stalk guiding plate 21, the two groups of stalk pushing mechanisms 23 rotate to push the tobacco stalks to one side of the belt gathering mechanism 3 through side arms, the tobacco stalks lodged on the lower layer belt conveyor 32 are driven by the lower layer belt conveyor 32 and are clamped by the upper layer belt conveyor 31 and the lower layer belt conveyor 32 to be rolled into the collecting box 41 for placement;

the tooth harrow 5 moves along the ridge direction to dig soil, the tip part of the tooth harrow 5 deeply enters the soil, the root part is pulled out through the notch between the tooth harrow 5 to bring out a root system, the root part is pushed by the tooth harrow 5 to move on the ridge and shake the soil by friction, the root part is pushed by the tooth harrow 5 to be led into a horizontal belt conveyor 71 of a feeding mechanism 7, is fed to an inclined belt conveyor 72 by the horizontal belt conveyor 71, and is led into a root crushing mechanism 6 for crushing treatment after slag falling through a slag falling hole 721; meanwhile, the sterilization liquid medicine is sprayed to the tobacco plant root blocks on the inclined belt conveyor 72 through the spraying pipe 82 to kill germs in the tobacco plant root systems and the corresponding soil, so that the tobacco plant root systems and germs carried in the attached soil are prevented from returning to the field.

After a certain amount of tobacco stalks are collected, the vertical electric rail slide rail 46 drives the pressing plate 47 to move downwards, the pressing plate 47 presses on the tobacco stalks, the horizontal electric rail slide rail 45 drives the vertical electric rail slide rail 46 to move horizontally, the vertical electric rail slide rail 46 and the roller type conveying mechanism 43 synchronously move at the same speed to clamp the tobacco stalks to pass through the bundling machine 44, bundling is completed, and the tobacco stalks are gradually output and discharged along the discharging window 42.

In conclusion, the tobacco stalk harvesting device solves the problems of cutting off the upper part of tobacco stalk ridges, removing root systems in the ridges, removing root system soil, turning soil on the ridges, orderly bundling the upper part of the tobacco stalk ridges and crushing the root systems in the ridges by arranging the stalk pulling mechanism 2, the belt furling mechanism 3, the collecting and bundling mechanism 4, the toothed harrow 5, the root crushing mechanism 6 and the feeding mechanism 7.

It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a tobacco stalk harvester, is including installing pull out stalk mechanism (2) on automobile body (1), its characterized in that: the tobacco stalk pulling and harvesting machine also comprises a belt furling mechanism (3), a collecting and bundling mechanism (4), a toothed harrow (5) and a root crushing mechanism (6) which are arranged on the machine body (1), and the stalk pulling mechanism (2) and the toothed harrow (5) are sequentially arranged on one side of the machine body (1) along the direction of tobacco ridges to pull stalks and harvest;

the belt furling mechanism (3) is connected at the rear end of the stalk pulling mechanism (2) to furl the tobacco stalks, the belt furling mechanism (3) clamps the tobacco stalks to be rolled up to be collected and bundled in the bundling mechanism (4) to be discharged, the toothed harrow (5) is connected at the bottom of the belt furling mechanism (3) at equal intervals along the direction of the tobacco ridges to dig roots by pushing the ridges, the toothed harrow (5) is connected with the feeding end of the feeding mechanism (7), and the feeding port of the root crushing mechanism (6) is connected with the discharging end of the feeding mechanism (7).

2. The tobacco stalk harvester of claim 1, wherein: pull out stalk mechanism (2) and lead into board (21), power cutting wheel (22) and push away stalk mechanism (23) by the tobacco stalk and constitute, tobacco stalk leads into board (21) and is splayed and distributes in power cutting wheel (22) both sides in order to fix a position the tobacco stalk, it is rotatory at power cutting wheel (22) both sides and by the bottom actuating mechanism drive to push away the stalk to the belt draws in mechanism (3) in with the rotation to push away stalk, power cutting wheel (22) are by the rotatory ridge upper segment in order to cut the tobacco stalk of bottom actuating mechanism drive.

3. The tobacco stalk harvester of claim 1, wherein: the belt furling mechanism (3) is composed of an upper layer belt conveyor (31) and a lower layer belt conveyor (32), wherein the upper layer belt conveyor (31) is arranged up and down, the lower layer belt conveyor (32) is arranged downwards along the feeding direction in an inclined mode to clamp tobacco stalks to move.

4. The tobacco stalk harvester of claim 1, wherein: the collecting and bundling mechanism (4) comprises a collecting box (41), a discharging window (42) is arranged on one side, close to the tail of the vehicle body (1), of the collecting box (41) for discharging, a roller type conveying mechanism (43) is arranged at the bottom of the collecting box (41) for feeding along the direction of the discharging window (42), a bundling machine (44) is arranged at the position, corresponding to the discharging window (42), of one end of the roller type conveying mechanism (43), a horizontal electric rail sliding rail (45) is arranged at the top of the collecting box (41), the horizontal electric rail sliding rail (45) drives a vertical electric rail sliding rail (46) to move horizontally, the vertical electric rail sliding rail (46) drives a pressing plate (47) to move vertically, the pressing plate (47) moves along the direction close to the roller type conveying mechanism (43) to clamp tobacco stalks to perform bundling and discharging along the direction of the bundling machine (44).

5. The tobacco stalk harvester of claim 1, wherein: the feeding mechanism (7) is formed by connecting the end parts of a horizontal belt conveyor (71) and an inclined belt conveyor (72), the horizontal belt conveyor (71) and the inclined belt conveyor (72) are respectively connected with a toothed harrow (5) and a root crushing mechanism (6), and a plurality of slag falling holes (721) are formed in a belt of the inclined belt conveyor (72).

6. The tobacco stalk harvester of claim 1, wherein: the root crushing mechanism (6) rotates by a crushing cutter frame in the crushing box to crush the roots of the tobacco stalks.

7. The tobacco stalk harvester of claim 1, wherein: the tooth harrow (5) is provided with at least three groups.

8. A tobacco stalk harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: the harvester is still including setting up sterilization mechanism (8) on the automobile body, sterilization mechanism (8) are including spray tube (82) of liquid medicine case (81) and intercommunication liquid medicine case (81) and lie in slope belt conveyor (72) top.

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