CN216060561U - X-ray shielding sheet - Google Patents
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- CN216060561U CN216060561U CN202120589923.0U CN202120589923U CN216060561U CN 216060561 U CN216060561 U CN 216060561U CN 202120589923 U CN202120589923 U CN 202120589923U CN 216060561 U CN216060561 U CN 216060561U
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Abstract
The invention provides an X-ray shielding sheet which is excellent in wearability and wearing feeling, can effectively shield X-rays and can reduce artifacts. The X-ray shielding sheet with high X-ray shielding rate comprises: the X-ray shielding material comprises a non-woven fabric or porous body having air permeability, a chemical binder and a thickening agent, and a powdery X-ray shielding material containing one metal or a plurality of different metals in the form of a single body or a compound, wherein the powdery X-ray shielding material is present in the non-woven fabric or porous body, and the uniformity of the X-ray shielding material is 5 to 30% when evaluated by an X-ray image.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an X-ray shielding sheet having excellent air permeability and flexibility, which can effectively shield X-rays. The X-ray shielding sheet of the present invention is excellent in wearability, and therefore, is suitable for various medical uses such as hospitals where X-rays are used, for example, for radiation protection. The present invention also relates to an X-ray shielding sheet that can reduce metal artifacts that occur in CT images during CT imaging of the pleural region.
Background
X-rays are widely used in medical institutions, and medical staff use X-ray shielding sheets for preventing radiation due to X-rays for fluoroscopy used for image diagnosis. As the X-ray shielding sheet, for example, an X-ray shielding sheet obtained by kneading a metal such as lead or tungsten, a salt such as barium sulfate, or the like into a resin has been proposed (patent documents 1 to 3). Further, an X-ray shielding sheet in which a fabric made of a knitted fabric or woven fabric and a powder filler made of tungsten powder and a thermoplastic resin are laminated and integrated has been proposed (patent document 4). However, these X-ray shielding sheets are not air-permeable, heavy, and have poor flexibility, and therefore, it is difficult to fit the shape of the portion to be shielded without gaps. Further, when the garment is worn on the body and used, there is a problem that the flexibility is lost, and the wearer is stuffy because of little air permeability.
In CT scanning of the pleural region, in order to avoid radiation outside the scanning region due to the Over irradiation/Over scanning range (Over irradiation/Over scanning) effect, for example, in CT scanning of the chest, an X-ray shielding sheet for preventing radiation of X-rays to the thyroid (around the neck) or the genitals is used, and radiation due to X-rays irradiated outside the scanning region is reduced by the shielding sheet.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document 1
Patent document 2: japanese Kohyo publication 2005-529352
Patent document 3: japanese unexamined patent publication No. 8-179090
Patent document 4: japanese patent laid-open No. H11-133184
Patent document 5: japanese patent laid-open No. 2017-supplement 83367
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide an X-ray shielding sheet having both air permeability and wearability while maintaining the X-ray shielding function. Another object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray shielding sheet capable of reducing the generation of artifacts.
Means for solving the problems
The present inventors have focused on nonwoven fabrics and porous bodies having excellent air permeability and flexibility, and have thoroughly studied the amount of powder X-ray shielding material adhering to the nonwoven fabrics and porous bodies, and have completed the present invention.
That is, the first invention is an X-ray shielding sheet comprising an X-ray shielding sheet or a laminate of a plurality of X-ray shielding sheets, wherein the X-ray shielding sheet is obtained by adhering a powdery X-ray shielding material comprising one metal or a plurality of different metals in the form of an oxide, an elemental form or a salt to a gas-permeable nonwoven fabric or a porous body,
the X-ray shielding sheet has air permeability of 1m3/cm2·s～900m3/cm2S, apparent density 0.05g/cm3～2.9g/cm3When the distribution of the powdery X-ray shielding material contained in the X-ray shielding sheet is evaluated by X-ray image inspection, the average value obtained from the dose distribution: d and standard deviation: the ratio of Δ D to Δ D (uniformity) is 5 to 30%.
A second aspect of the present invention is the X-ray shielding sheet according to the first aspect, wherein the X-ray shielding material is one or more of bismuth, bismuth oxide, tin oxide, and barium sulfate.
A third invention is the X-ray shielding sheet according to the first or second invention, wherein the X-ray shielding material has an average particle diameter of 300 μm or less.
A fourth aspect of the present invention is the X-ray shielding sheet according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the powdery X-ray shielding material containing a plurality of different metals contains 90 to 40%, preferably 80 to 50%, of barium sulfate, and the balance being bismuth or bismuth oxide.
A fifth aspect of the invention is the X-ray shielding sheet according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the X-ray shielding material is contained in an amount of 20 to 90% by weight based on the entire weight of the X-ray shielding sheet.
A sixth aspect of the invention is the X-ray shielding sheet according to any one of aspects 1 to 5, wherein the thickness is 0.3mm to 90 mm.
A seventh aspect of the invention is the X-ray shielding sheet according to any one of the aspects 1 to 6, wherein the porous body is a flexible polyurethane foam having open cells.
An eighth aspect of the invention is the X-ray shielding sheet according to any one of the aspects 1 to 7, wherein the X-ray shielding sheet is an X-ray shielding sheet capable of reducing artifacts.
A ninth aspect of the present invention is the X-ray shielding sheet according to aspect 8 above, wherein the X-ray shielding sheet capable of reducing the artifact is a thyroid sheet.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
The X-ray shielding sheet of the present invention is flexible, and therefore has excellent wearability including drapability and air permeability, and is therefore suitable for use in various fields relating to X-rays, particularly in the medical field. For example, the present invention is not limited to wearing articles such as aprons, gonad covers, breast covers, thyroid covers, arm covers, hats, gloves, protective clothing, and underwear, and can be used for bed sheets, cover cloths, various sheets for preventing transmission and scattering of X-rays, and the like. In particular, the X-ray shielding sheet of the present invention can reduce artifacts (a phenomenon in which images of metal and its surroundings become unclear) generated in a CT image during CT imaging of the pleura, and thus can perform accurate X-ray diagnosis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an X-ray Dose distribution map (Dose map).
Fig. 2 is a dose distribution diagram within a ROI (region of interest).
FIG. 3 is a graph of X-ray shielding effectiveness versus uniformity.
Fig. 4(1) is a graph showing the effect of reducing the irradiation dose when a shielding material is used.
Fig. 4(2) is a graph showing a correlation between the amount of metal deposited and the actual shielding rate in the CT examination.
Fig. 5 is a graph of X-ray shielding rate versus Artifact Index (AI).
Detailed Description
Next, a method for producing the X-ray shielding sheet of the present invention will be described.
The X-ray shielding metal contained in the X-ray shielding sheet of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include bismuth, antimony, tungsten, tin, barium, and other commonly used metal monomers or compounds having an atomic number of 40 or more. These metals may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
In particular, from the viewpoint of environmental compatibility, X-ray shielding efficiency, and the like, bismuth oxide, barium sulfate, tin, and tin oxide are preferable as the X-ray shielding metal. Barium sulfate is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of economy.
The particle size of these X-ray shielding metal powders is 300 micrometers or less, preferably 100 micrometers or less, and particularly preferably 10 micrometers or less in the present invention. If the particle diameter is larger than this, the dispersibility of the dispersion is poor, and a part of the metal powder precipitates in the production process, making it difficult to obtain a uniform product.
The composition contains 90 to 40 wt%, preferably 80 to 50 wt% of barium sulfate, and the balance being bismuth or bismuth oxide, from the viewpoint of achieving good dispersion stability in the suspension and improving the shielding rate without significantly increasing the weight of the shielding sheet.
Barium sulfate is inexpensive and is preferable as an X-ray shielding material for disposable use. And, the stability in the suspension is excellent, and the dispersion can be made uniform in the nonwoven fabric and the porous body.
However, since barium sulfate has poor X-ray shielding rate per unit weight, by mixing barium sulfate with bismuth or bismuth oxide, the shielding rate can be improved without deteriorating the stability of the suspension and without accompanying a significant increase in weight.
As a material for supporting the X-ray shielding metal, a nonwoven fabric and a porous body having air permeability can be used. From the viewpoint of producing and processing the sheet of the present invention, a base fabric is preferred which is obtained by combining a plurality of raw materials for a nonwoven fabric and combining a woven fabric and other members with the nonwoven fabric to secure form stability.
As the kind of the nonwoven fabric, chemical bonding, thermal bonding, hydroentanglement, needle punching, spun bonding, melt blowing, or the like can be used. Nonwoven fabrics having stretch and elasticity are also popular.
Further, a material having a structure similar to that of the nonwoven fabric is not excluded from the present invention, but the nonwoven fabric is more preferable in terms of performance or economy.
The nonwoven fabric may be one kind of fiber or a combination of a plurality of kinds of fibers. For example, a combination of synthetic fibers such as olefin fibers, acrylonitrile fibers, polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyurethane fibers, and aramid fibers, natural fibers such as cotton and hemp, organic fibers such as regenerated fibers such as rayon, and inorganic fibers such as carbon fibers, glass fibers, and metal fibers can be used. The fibers may be fibers obtained by kneading metals.
As a material for supporting the X-ray shielding metal, a porous material other than the nonwoven fabric can be used. The porous body referred to herein is represented by a so-called interconnected cell structure having interconnected cells. Examples thereof include open cell polyolefins, natural rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, polyurethane, fluororubber, and the like. A bulky woven fabric such as a three-dimensional knitted fabric (double raschel) is also a category of the porous body.
The apparent density of the porous body was 0.01g/cm3～0.2g/cm3The left and right ranges. By setting the apparent density in such a range, the flexibility, elasticity, mechanical strength, and the like of the porous body can be easily improved.
As the porous polymer body having interconnected cells, there are known methods such as a method of kneading a rubber, a foaming agent, or the like with a kneader, a roll, a banbury mixer, or the like, and then heating and foaming the kneaded mixture. The interconnected cells are formed when the blowing agent is released from the formed polymer sheet into the atmosphere.
Among the porous bodies, flexible polyurethane foam can be preferably used. The foam may be an ether foam or an ester foam, or may be a normal film foam having a film mark between cells or a non-film foam having a film mark removed therefrom. The size of the cells may also be appropriately selected. The film-free, foam close to the film-free, and foam having hydrophilicity or hydrophilized foam are easily permeated by the emulsion in which the metal powder is suspended, and are preferable in terms of production processing.
The nonwoven fabric and the porous body used in the present invention are not particularly limited, and the weight per unit area (weight per unit area) is 10 to 1500g/m2Preferably 50 to 1000g/m2. If the weight per unit area is less than 10g/m2It is difficult to carry a desired amount of the metal powder. If it exceeds 1500g/m2The handling property after metal adhesion is deteriorated.
The thickness of the nonwoven fabric or porous body is preferably 0.3mm to 70mm, more preferably 0.5mm to 30 mm. When the thickness is smaller than this, a desired amount of metal cannot be supported. On the contrary, if the thickness is larger than this, a large amount of a substance which does not contribute to X-ray shielding is contained, and thus a lightweight shielding sheet cannot be obtained. By setting the unit area weight and the thickness to the above ranges, a light and flexible X-ray shielding sheet can be realized.
An acrylic adhesive is suitable as a chemical adhesive for bonding the metal powder to the nonwoven fabric or the porous body, but a polyolefin resin, a vinyl acetate resin, a polyester resin, a polyamide resin, a polyurethane resin, an epoxy resin, or the like may be used.
The metal powder may be attached to the nonwoven fabric or the porous body by a surfactant and a thickener, or by a thickener alone, without using a chemical binder. Particularly in the case of attaching metal powder to the porous body, since the metal powder is housed in the cells of the porous body, the chemical binder may be used in a small amount or not. In this case, a more flexible shield sheet can be produced.
The method for producing the X-ray shielding sheet of the present invention, that is, the method for supporting the X-ray shielding metal powder on the nonwoven fabric or the porous body is not particularly limited. For example, a method of mixing and blowing an X-ray shielding metal powder and a heat-fusible resin powder to a nonwoven fabric or a porous body, treating the mixture with hot air, and fixing the metal powder to the nonwoven fabric or the porous body may be applied. However, in these methods, a sufficient amount of the X-ray shielding metal powder may not be bonded to the nonwoven fabric or the porous body.
In order to efficiently carry the X-ray shielding metal powder on the nonwoven fabric or the porous body, the following production method is preferred: the nonwoven fabric or porous body is continuously or intermittently immersed in a suspension of a liquid composition containing a chemical binder, in which X-ray shielding metal powder is dispersed and suspended, and then pulled out, and the excess liquid is drained, dried, and heat-treated.
The liquid composition may be an organic solvent, but an aqueous solvent is preferable from the environmental viewpoint. In order to stably disperse the X-ray shielding metal powder in the liquid and to effectively and uniformly fix the metal powder on the nonwoven fabric or the porous body, a dispersant, a surfactant, a thickener, an antifoaming agent, a coupling agent, and the like may be added as appropriate.
The liquid composition may be applied to the nonwoven fabric or the porous body by a coating method or the like, instead of the impregnation method described above.
The ratio of the X-ray shielding material (filler) may be 20 to 90% by mass, preferably 40 to 85% by mass, based on the total amount of the filler, the nonwoven fabric or the porous body, and the chemical binder or the like (matrix) used to adhere the filler, which are the entire X-ray shielding sheet.
If the proportion of the filler is less than 20%, the proportion of the matrix which does not contribute to X-ray shielding increases, and therefore the weight of the whole increases, resulting in the disadvantage that the sheet becomes heavy. On the other hand, if the proportion of the filler exceeds 90%, the production becomes difficult and the flexibility of the resulting sheet is impaired.
The thickness of the X-ray shielding sheet is 0.3-90 mm, preferably 0.5-50 mm. If it is thinner than 0.3mm, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient barrier ratio, and in order to obtain a satisfactory barrier ratio, a large number of sheets must be overlapped, which is inefficient, and it is also difficult to obtain a satisfactory air permeability. Further, if the thickness is larger than 70mm, the wearing feeling is lowered.
The apparent density of the X-ray shielding sheet is calculated from the thickness and the weight per unit area. The apparent density can be 0.05-2.9 g/cm3Preferably 0.1 to 1.5g/cm3. If it is less than 0.05g/cm3The pore diameter of the sheet becomes large, and an effective shielding rate cannot be obtained. Further, if it is more than 2.9g/cm3The wearing feeling becomes poor. Typical commercially available protective articles intended to shield X-rays have an apparent specific gravity of greater than 3.0g/cm3。
The X-ray shielding sheet of the present invention is characterized in that it allows air to pass through while maintaining X-ray shielding properties, and has an air permeability of 1 to 900cm3/cm2S range. If the air permeability is less than 1cm3/cm2S, stuffiness and feeling of wearing impaired, and a thickness of over 900cm3/cm2S increases the amount of X-rays transmitted through the shielding sheet, and a sufficient X-ray shielding effect cannot be obtained with respect to the weight of the sheet.
The uniformity of the X-ray shielding sheet is 5-30%. Preferably 5 to 20% or less. The closer to zero the uniformity is, the more ideal it is, but in reality it is difficult to achieve. Even if the uniformity exceeds 30%, the permeability and flexibility can be maintained, but the X-ray shielding rate is lowered.
Next, a method for evaluating uniformity will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. Lead and bismuth have close atomic numbers and densities, and therefore, if the product of the density and the thickness, i.e., the mass thickness ρ t, coincides, the same shielding ratio can be achieved. Therefore, the thickness of the lead foil is calculated by applying the above relationship only to the mass thickness of bismuth, which is an X-ray shielding metal contained in the X-ray shielding sheet, and a lead foil that achieves a shielding rate equivalent to that of the X-ray shielding sheet is prepared as a reference material.
Next, X-ray imaging is performed on the X-ray shielding sheet A, B, C with bismuth adhered thereon and the lead foil D, and the pixel values of the obtained X-ray image are converted into X-ray Dose to create a Dose distribution image (Dose map) of the X-ray shielding material as shown in fig. 1. The distribution (histogram) of the X-ray intensity in the region of interest (ROI) shown in fig. 1 is fig. 2, and the mean value is obtained from the dose distribution: d and standard deviation: Δ D, and the ratio Δ D/D thereof is defined as the uniformity of the sheet in which the X-ray shielding substance is discretely present. Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the X-ray shielding rate and the uniformity of the X-ray shielding sheet A, B, C and the sheet D to which the lead foil is attached. As can be seen from the graph of fig. 3, even if the amount of the metal used is the same, the X-ray shielding rate is lowered when the metal powder is unevenly adhered to the nonwoven fabric.
The sheet of the present invention can naturally exhibit a shielding rate of 30% or more per 1 sheet, but a laminate in which a plurality of X-ray shielding sheets, for example, an X-ray shielding sheet containing barium sulfate and an X-ray shielding sheet containing bismuth are laminated may be used to achieve a shielding rate of 30% or more. The number of overlapping sheets is preferably 2 to 15, and particularly preferably 2 to 5. When a plurality of shield sheets having a uniformity of more than 30% are laminated to improve wearability and air permeability, the uniformity of the laminate is improved and wearability is also improved.
The overlapped sheets may have the same or different specifications. That is, it is a useful method to use a laminated body in which a plurality of sheets including barium sulfate and a plurality of sheets including bismuth or bismuth oxide are stacked.
When sheets are used in a stacked manner, the air permeability is reduced as a whole, but since there is a gap between the sheets, even when a plurality of sheets are stacked, if 1 sheet has 50cm3/cm2The stuffiness feeling is not deteriorated even when the air permeability is about s or more.
The sheet of the present invention can be used as it is, but it is useful to pack 1 sheet or a plurality of stacked sheets together with a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric or the like and use it, and is also preferable in terms of handling property and wearing feeling, and appearance. The color of the packaging material may also be varied depending on the application.
[ example 1 ]
The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
The measurement methods of the physical properties shown in the examples are shown below.
Ratio of filler to matrix constituting the X-ray shielding sheet: under nitrogen atmosphere based on thermogravimetric analysis.
Ratio of metal species contained in the X-ray shielding sheet: the analysis of the ratio of each metal when the metal to be added is 2 or more is based on fluorescent X-ray analysis. The raw materials used were mixed, heated to 600 ℃ and ashed, and the intensity of the fluorescent X-ray specific to each metal was analyzed to prepare a calibration curve. Next, the mixing ratio is calculated by measuring the intensity of the fluorescent X-ray of the ashed specimen.
Thickness: the measurement was performed using a vernier caliper to bring the sample into contact with the surface of the sample to such an extent that the sample becomes thin without being compressed.
Air permeability: based on JIS L1096 (Frazier method).
Stiffness: based on JIS L1096A method (45 degree cantilever method).
X-ray shielding rate: the tube voltage was 100kV based on JIS T61331-1 inverse broad beam method (Japanese: inverse ブ mouth- ドビ - method). Rounded below the decimal point.
Average particle size: in the volume particle size distribution, when the volume ratio of the particles is integrated from particles having a fine particle size, the particle size is measured by a normal particle size distribution instrument, for example, a particle size distribution system of a dynamic light scattering method ("Microtrac UPA" manufactured by japan corporation) so as to obtain a particle size at 50% (D50).
Uniformity: the pixel values of an X-ray image of an X-ray shield are converted into X-ray dose, and an average value obtained from a dose distribution (histogram) in an ROI (region of interest) is calculated: d and standard deviation: and Δ D. The uniformity was Δ D/D.
Artifact index: a region of interest is set at the position of the thyroid in a CT image, and the Standard Deviation (SD) of pixel values in an experiment using a shield is calculatedwith shield) And Standard Deviation (SD) in experiments without shieldwithout shield) The square root of the difference between the squares of the two is calculated. The closer the artifact index is to zero, the less and better the artifact.
Shielding rate of X-ray in thyroid gland: a small radiation exposure dose meter is used, and the exposure dose when the shield is not used and the exposure dose when the shield is used are actually measured by using a simulation model simulating a human body, and the shielding rate is calculated from the difference between the exposure doses.
Examples 1 to 5
Barium sulfate made by sakai chemical corporation (BARIACE B-35) having an average particle size of 0.3 μm and treated with an aqueous resin to enhance affinity (wt)% and mixed metal powder (filler) containing bismuth oxide powder having an average particle size of about 7 μm and tin powder having an average particle size of about 8 μm were mixed at the ratio shown in table 1, and added while stirring and dispersed in an aqueous emulsion containing an acrylic chemical binder, a thickener, a dispersant, a surfactant and an antifoaming agent to obtain a paste (suspension).
On the other hand, 3.3 dtex: 40%, 6.6 dtex: 40% and 16.5 dtex: 20% polyester staple fiber was mixed and laid on a net having a basis weight of 15g/m2The polyester of (2) is spun-bonded and needle-punched to form a composite nonwoven fabric. The composite nonwoven fabric has a weight per unit area of 160g/m2And the thickness is 5.2 mm.
The composite nonwoven fabric was immersed in the paste, and then an excess paste was extruded, dried, and subjected to hot air heat treatment at 140 ℃. The physical properties of each of the obtained sheets are shown in table 1.
[ TABLE 1 ]
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | |
| Kind of Filler and proportion thereof (% by mass) | |||||
| Barium sulfate | 100 | 75 | 40 | 0 | 0 |
| |
0 | 25 | 60 | 60 | 100 |
| Tin (Sn) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 0 |
| Weight of filler in sheet (g/m)2) | 615 | 605 | 595 | 598 | 599 |
| Weight of sheet comprising filler and matrix (g/m)2) | 945 | 981 | 975 | 950 | 930 |
| Proportion of filler in sheet (% by weight) | 65 | 62 | 61 | 63 | 64 |
| Thickness (mm) | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.8 |
| Apparent density (g/cm)3) | 0.2 | 0.21 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.19 |
| Air permeability (cm)3/cm2·s) | 305 | 283 | 320 | 346 | 279 |
| Degree of homogeneity (%) | 16 | 16 | 16 | 12 | 16 |
| X-ray shielding rate (%) | 38 | 43 | 47 | 50 | 51 |
| Stiffness (mm) | 130 or less | On the same left | On the same left | On the same left | On the same left |
| Wearability and wearing feeling | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Economy of use | ○ | ○～Δ | Δ | Δ～× | × |
| When overlapping 2 sheets | |||||
| Total weight per unit area (g/m)2) | 1890 | 1962 | 1950 | 1900 | 1860 |
| X-ray shielding rate (%) | 50 | 56 | 59 | 60 | 62 |
| Wearability and wearing feeling | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| When 3 sheets are overlapped | |||||
| Total weight per unit area (g/m)2) | 2835 | 2943 | 2925 | 2850 | 2790 |
| X-ray shielding rate (%) | 61 | 66 | 68 | 69 | 72 |
| Wearability and wearing feeling | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
In tables 1 and 2, the evaluation symbols have the following meanings.
Very good: excellent, O: good, Δ: may, Xmay.
The filler in example 1 was 100% barium sulfate, and the amount of the filler per unit area was substantially the same as in examples 2 to 5, but the shielding rate was low. That is, in order to obtain the same shielding rate, the weight of the sheet needs to be increased. However, it is economically most advantageous.
The filler of example 2 was a blend of 75% barium sulfate and 25% bismuth oxide.
By adding a small amount of bismuth oxide to barium sulfate, the shielding rate is improved while the stability and economy of the dispersion are maintained.
Example 3 shows an example in which bismuth oxide is more abundant than barium sulfate. Although the shielding rate is improved, it is poor in economical efficiency.
In example 4, the barium sulfate in example 3 was replaced with tin, and the shielding rate was improved as compared with example 3, but the economical efficiency was low.
The bismuth oxide of the filler of example 5 was 100%. The cost efficiency and the stability of the dispersion are poor, but a high shielding rate can be obtained.
The sheets obtained in examples 1 to 5 exhibited stiffness of 130mm or less and were excellent in flexibility.
Further, the sheets obtained in examples 1 to 5, 1 sheet of the monomer and 2 and 3 sheets of the monomer were stacked and used in an amount of 35g/m in basis weight2Soft blue color ofThe polypropylene spun-bonded fabric of (1) was wrapped, and only the edges were sewn, and a belt-like thyroid cover, a brassiere-like breast cover, and an arm cover or shorts were produced, and the wearing test was conducted, and as a result, the wearability was also good, the feeling of wearing was not stuffy and was good. Indicated by the o marks in table 1.
Comparative example 1
In example 5, bismuth oxide having an average particle size of 55 μm and containing 13% of particles having a particle size of 100 μm or more was used, and as a result, although it was possible to produce, the stability of the dispersion was inferior to that of example 5.
Comparative example 2
Based on example 2, the weight per unit area of the coating composition is 30g/m2Instead of using a water-entangled nonwoven fabric of a polyester having a weight per unit area of 160g/m2Example 2 was repeated with the filler content of 96%, but the filler was not completely attached to the substrate, and the sheet was not hardened.
Comparative example 3
Example 2 was repeated with the filler content set to 15% in addition to example 2. The X-ray shielding rate of the obtained sheet was 15%, which was extremely low relative to the weight of the sheet.
Comparative example 4
Based on example 1, a polymer having a weight per unit area of 25g/m was used20.15mm thick polyester spunbond instead of 160g/m weight per unit area2The nonwoven fabric of (1), wherein the weight of the filler is reduced to 350g/m while maintaining the filler ratio2Example 1 was repeated, but the filler was not satisfactorily loaded on the spunbond.
Comparative example 5
Laminating polyester fiber net containing 35% of core layer and mold heat-welded polyester fiber, and hot air treating to obtain 1250g/m weight2And a nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 90 mm. The nonwoven fabric of example 2 was repeated by replacing the nonwoven fabric with the nonwoven fabric used in example 2, but the productivity was poor, the handling property was poor, and the obtained sheet had poor wearability.
Comparative example 6
In addition to example 5, the material having a unit surface was usedBulk weight 140g/m2A chemically bonded nonwoven fabric comprising polyester and having a thickness of 0.28mm, instead of using a weight per unit area of 160g/m2Example 5 was repeated, resulting in a sheet having a thickness of 0.27 mm. The sheet had an apparent density of 3.3g/cm3Air permeability of 0.8cm3/cm2S. The thyroid cover was produced from this sheet and worn, but the wearing property and the wearing feeling were poor.
Comparative example 7
Based on example 4, a chemically bonded nonwoven fabric having the same basis weight was used instead of the basis weight of 160g/m2Example 4 was repeated. The nonwoven fabric sheet had a uniformity of 32% and a shielding rate of 39%.
Example 6
The uniformity when X-rays were irradiated from the sheet side of example 1 was 11%, and the shielding rate was 67%, by superposing 2 sheets obtained in example 1 and further superposing 1 sheet obtained in example 5, for a total of 3 sheets. The 3 sheets were wrapped in a thin woven fabric made of rayon and sewn to an arm cover for practical use, resulting in good wearability, no stuffiness, and excellent wearability.
Example 7
Using a weight per unit area of 150g/m2A heat-bondable nonwoven fabric comprising polyester and having a thickness of 10mm in place of the polyester used in example 5 and having a weight per unit area of 160g/m2Example 5 was repeated using bismuth powder (filler) having an average particle diameter of about 8 μm in place of bismuth oxide to obtain a filler having a weight of 1464g/m2The total of the filler and the matrix, i.e., the weight of the whole sheet, was 1926g/m2The sheet of (1). In this case, the proportion of the filler in the total weight was 76%.
The sheet had a thickness of 9.2mm and an apparent density of 0.21g/cm3Air permeability of 255cm3/cm2S, showing a uniformity of 16% and an X-ray shielding rate of 71%. The sheet was wrapped with thin polyester taffeta and shorts were sewn to protect the gonads from X-ray radiation. The shorts are not stuffy and hot, and have excellent wearing comfort.
Example 8
The density was adjusted to 30kg/m3And an ester-based flexible polyurethane foam having a thickness of 10 mm. The foam had 50 cells/25 mm. The foam is treated with an aqueous solution comprising a surfactant to impart hydrophilicity to the foam.
On the other hand, a suspension was prepared by suspending bismuth oxide having an average particle size of about 7 μm with a cellulose thickener. The hydrophilized polyurethane foam was intermittently immersed in the suspension to allow bismuth oxide to permeate into the foam, and the foam was dried to obtain a bismuth oxide-dispersed polyurethane foam.
The weight of bismuth oxide (filler) in the resulting foam was 980g/m2The weight of the whole foam is 1391g/m2. The proportion of the filler in the total weight of the foam is 70.5 percent. Further, the foam had a thickness of 9.9mm and an apparent density of 0.14g/cm3Air permeability of 135cm3/cm2S, uniformity of 14%, X-ray shielding rate of 62%, and stiffness of 130mm or less.
The foam was wrapped with a blue spunbonded/meltblown nonwoven fabric having air permeability to produce a thyroid gland mask, a breast mask, an arm mask, and the like, and then a wearing test was performed, and as a result, the wearing property without stuffiness and the wearing feeling were further superior to those of the sheets obtained in examples 1 to 5.
Examples 9 to 13
Bismuth powder (filler) having an average particle size of about 20 μ was added and dispersed with stirring in an aqueous emulsion containing an acrylic chemical binder, a thickener, a dispersant, a surfactant, and a defoaming agent to obtain an emulsion (suspension).
On the other hand, a polyolefin fiber and a polyolefin heat-fusible fiber were prepared, the polyolefin fiber having a basis weight of 180g/m2And a nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 6 mm.
The nonwoven fabric was immersed in the emulsion, and then the excess emulsion was squeezed while being pulled up, dried, and subjected to hot air heat treatment at 140 ℃. The physical properties of these sheets are shown in Table 2.
[ TABLE 2 ]
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the X-ray shielding rate of the thyroid gland and the Artifact Index (AI), and from example 9 to example 12, the amount of bismuth present per unit area increases and the X-ray shielding rate improves. On the other hand, the artifact index was large, but the value was extremely superior to that of the lead foil shown in comparative example 1, and it was found that the generation of the artifact was suppressed.
The sheets of example 11 and example 12 have high X-ray shielding rate, thyroid shielding rate, and artifact index is small, compared to the lead foil of comparative example 1.
The sheets obtained in examples 1 to 4 exhibited rebound resilience of 5% or more, stiffness of 130mm or less, and excellent elasticity and flexibility.
Industrial applicability
The X-ray shielding sheet of the present invention is excellent in wearability including drapability and has air permeability, and therefore, is suitable for various fields relating to X-rays, particularly the medical field. For example, the sheet material can be used for clothing such as aprons, gonad covers, breast covers, thyroid covers, arm covers, hats, gloves, protective clothing, underwear and the like, and can be used for bed sheets, covering cloth, various sheet materials for preventing transmission and scattering of X-rays and the like.
Among these, the X-ray shielding sheet according to the present invention can reduce artifacts (metal and its surrounding image blurring) generated in a CT image at the time of CT imaging of the pleural region, and thus can significantly improve diagnostic accuracy by X-ray imaging, which contributes to the development of the medical field.
Claims (7)
1. An X-ray shielding sheet comprising an X-ray shielding sheet or a laminate of a plurality of X-ray shielding sheets, wherein the X-ray shielding sheet is formed by adhering a powdery X-ray shielding material in the form of an oxide, an element or a salt to a gas-permeable nonwoven fabric or porous body,
the X-ray shielding sheet has air permeability of 1cm3/cm2·s～900cm3/cm2S, apparent density 0.05g/cm3～2.9g/cm3The uniformity of distribution of the powdery X-ray shielding material contained in the X-ray shielding sheet was evaluated as 5% to 30% on the X-ray image.
2. The X-ray shielding sheet according to claim 1, wherein the X-ray shielding substance is one of bismuth, bismuth oxide, tin oxide, and barium sulfate.
3. The X-ray shielding sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the average particle diameter of the X-ray shielding substance is 300 μm or less.
4. The X-ray shielding sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the proportion of the X-ray shielding substance in the X-ray shielding sheet is 20 to 90% by weight of the whole.
5. The X-ray shielding sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the X-ray shielding sheet is 0.3mm to 90 mm.
6. The X-ray shielding sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the porous body is a flexible polyurethane foam having open cells.
7. The X-ray shielding sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the X-ray shielding sheet is a thyroid sheet.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020-067902 | 2020-03-18 | ||
| JP2020067902A JP2021146162A (en) | 2020-03-18 | 2020-03-18 | X-ray blocking sheet capable of reducing artifacts |
| JP2020-105659 | 2020-05-22 | ||
| JP2020105659A JP2021135278A (en) | 2020-02-27 | 2020-05-22 | X-ray shield sheet |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216060561U true CN216060561U (en) | 2022-03-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120589923.0U Active CN216060561U (en) | 2020-03-18 | 2021-03-18 | X-ray shielding sheet |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2021146162A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN216060561U (en) |
| TW (1) | TWM615109U (en) |
-
2020
- 2020-03-18 JP JP2020067902A patent/JP2021146162A/en active Pending
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2021
- 2021-03-17 TW TW110202838U patent/TWM615109U/en unknown
- 2021-03-18 CN CN202120589923.0U patent/CN216060561U/en active Active
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| JP2021146162A (en) | 2021-09-27 |
| TWM615109U (en) | 2021-08-01 |
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