CN216054808U

CN216054808U - Fuel cell convenient for water drainage

Info

Publication number: CN216054808U
Application number: CN202121591415.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑至凯; 陈则渊; 陈辰
Original assignee: Baibo Shenzhen Hydrogen Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Baibo Shenzhen Hydrogen Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-14
Filing date: 2021-07-14
Publication date: 2022-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel cell convenient for water drainage, comprising: the membrane electrode assembly comprises electrode plates arranged oppositely and a membrane electrode arranged between the electrode plates; the electrode plate is provided with: a flow channel and a partition part for partitioning the flow channel. And one surface of the separation part facing the membrane electrode is provided with a plurality of liquid guide grooves, and two ends of each liquid guide groove are respectively communicated with the two adjacent runners. The fuel cell convenient for water drainage is provided with the liquid guide groove on the separation part between the flow channels, when water is positioned between the separation part and the membrane electrode, water can enter the flow channels through the liquid guide groove and flows out of the flow channels along with the flow of gas in the flow channels, so that the water is convenient to drain, the normal work of the membrane electrode is ensured, the liquid guide groove changes the shape of the separation part, the condition of water maintaining surface tension is destroyed, and when the gas flows in the flow channels, part of the water can be driven to flow out of the liquid guide groove through the liquid guide groove.

Description

Fuel cell convenient for water drainage

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell convenient for water drainage.

Background

A fuel cell is a cell that converts chemical energy in a redox reaction into electric energy using the redox reaction that occurs with a gaseous fuel or a liquid fuel, for example: the hydrogen fuel cell supplies electricity to the outside by using the oxidation-reduction reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to generate water. Taking a hydrogen fuel cell as an example, the hydrogen fuel cell catalyzes a membrane electrode in the fuel cell to generate hydrogen ions and free electrons, the hydrogen ions pass through the membrane electrode to react with oxygen to generate water, and the free electrons enter an external circuit from the cell to supply power to the outside. Two electrode plates with flow channels are usually oppositely arranged in the hydrogen fuel cell, the adjacent flow channels are separated by a partition plate, a membrane electrode is fixed between the two electrode plates, the flow channels on the two sides of the membrane electrode respectively flow hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogen is catalytically decomposed on the membrane electrode and passes through the membrane electrode to react with the oxygen to generate water.

The reaction product water generated by the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen is attached to the surface of the membrane electrode, and when excessive accumulation occurs, the water is attached between the membrane electrode and the spacer, and the distance between the membrane electrode and the spacer is relatively close to each other due to the surface tension of the water, so that the water is easily attached between the membrane electrode and the spacer, and the water is difficult to remove the fuel cell, thereby affecting the operating efficiency of the fuel cell.

Meanwhile, in the prior art, the flow channels of the electrode plates are usually of a bent and folded type (fig. 1), and in order to prevent the hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell from concentrating on a certain part of the membrane electrode from reacting, the flow channels of the two electrode plates are perpendicular to each other, and such a structure can spread the reaction range of the hydrogen and oxygen on the membrane electrode as much as possible, however, as can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the overlap between the flow channels in the membrane electrode is small, and thus the operation efficiency of the fuel cell is difficult to be improved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a fuel cell convenient for water drainage, which aims to solve the problems that water in the fuel cell is difficult to drain, the overlapping between flow channels is small and the working efficiency of the fuel cell is reduced in the prior art.

The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

a fuel cell for facilitating water drainage, comprising: the membrane electrode assembly comprises electrode plates arranged oppositely and a membrane electrode arranged between the electrode plates; one surface of the electrode plate facing the membrane electrode is provided with: the membrane electrode plate comprises flow channels and partition parts which are positioned between the adjacent flow channels and used for partitioning the flow channels, wherein one surface of the electrode plate, which is far away from the membrane electrode, is provided with an interface which penetrates through the electrode plate and is communicated with the flow channels, and external fuel and oxidant enter the flow channels through the interface;

and one surface of the separation part facing the membrane electrode is provided with a plurality of liquid guide grooves, and two ends of each liquid guide groove are respectively communicated with the two adjacent runners.

Further, the membrane electrode includes: the gas diffusion layer is arranged between the proton exchange membrane and the electrode plate.

Further, the liquid guide groove comprises: the runner assembly comprises a main groove and an auxiliary groove, wherein two ends of the main groove are communicated with adjacent runners, one end of the auxiliary groove is communicated with the main groove, and the other end of the auxiliary groove is communicated with the runners on one side of the main groove.

Furthermore, the included angle between the liquid guide groove and the flow channel is 15-85 degrees.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the fuel cell convenient for water drainage is provided with the liquid guide groove on the separation part between the flow channels, when water is positioned between the separation part and the membrane electrode, water can enter the flow channels through the liquid guide groove and flows out of the flow channels along with the flow of gas in the flow channels, so that the water is convenient to drain, the normal work of the membrane electrode is ensured, the liquid guide groove changes the shape of the separation part, the condition of keeping the surface tension of the water is destroyed, and when the gas flows in the flow channels, part of the water can be driven to flow out of the liquid guide groove through the liquid guide groove;

the liquid guide groove not only plays a role of guiding liquid, but also serves as a gas flow passage, the liquid guide groove in the utility model is distributed over the separation part, so that the overlapping area between the flow passages at two sides of the membrane electrode is increased, gas can be conveniently and widely distributed and the membrane electrode is removed, the sites of gas reaction on the membrane electrode are increased, and the purpose of increasing the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of a prior art fuel cell;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a flow channel distribution structure in a prior art fuel cell;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an exploded structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of the electrode plate facing the membrane electrode in the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the liquid guide groove of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.

Referring to fig. 3 to 6, the present invention discloses a fuel cell for facilitating water drainage, including: the membrane electrode assembly comprises electrode plates 10 which are oppositely arranged and a membrane electrode 20 which is arranged between the electrode plates 10. The membrane electrode 20 is used for catalyzing oxidation-reduction reaction between fuels.

The electrode plate 10 is provided with: the fuel cell comprises flow channels 13 and separating parts 14 which are positioned between the adjacent flow channels 13 and used for separating the flow channels 13, wherein one surface of the electrode plate 10, which is far away from the membrane electrode 20, is provided with interfaces 11 which penetrate through the electrode plate 10 and are communicated with the flow channels 13, external fuel and oxidant enter the flow channels 13 through the interfaces 11 and flow in the flow channels 13, one of the interfaces 11 is used for introducing the fuel, and the other interface 11 is used for recovering the fuel. The purpose that electrode plate 10 set up runner 13 is convenient for the fuel and is in circulation in the electrode plate 10, and remain in the electrode plate 10 a period of time avoids gaseous too fast outflow electrode plate 10 does not participate in redox reaction, simultaneously, runner 13 provides the water conservancy diversion passageway for fuel, is convenient for fuel and membrane electrode 20 extensive contact.

A plurality of liquid guiding grooves 12 are arranged on one surface of the separating part 14 facing the membrane electrode 20, and two ends of each liquid guiding groove 12 are respectively communicated with two adjacent flow passages 13. The liquid guide groove 12 is used for guiding water between the membrane electrode 20 and the separating part 14, meanwhile, when gas flows through the flow channel 13, a part of the gas also passes through the liquid guide groove 12, the water is driven to flow to the flow channel 13 through the liquid guide groove 12, the gas flows in the liquid guide groove 12, the contact area of the gas on two sides of the membrane electrode 20 is additionally increased, and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell is further improved.

Referring to fig. 3, the membrane electrode 20 includes: the proton exchange membrane and install the gas diffusion layer in proton exchange membrane both sides, the gas diffusion layer is located between proton exchange membrane and the electrode plate 10. The gas diffusion layer is used for increasing the uniformity of gas distribution, and when the gas enters the membrane electrode 20 from the flow channels 13, the gas firstly enters the gas diffusion layer and is uniformly distributed in the gas diffusion layer, so that the condition that the reaction positions of the gas on the proton exchange membrane are too concentrated to damage the proton exchange membrane is avoided. As an embodiment of the present invention, the proton exchange membrane is coated with a catalyst for catalyzing oxidation-reduction reaction, the catalyst is a platinum catalyst, and hydrogen and oxygen are subjected to oxidation-reduction reaction on the proton exchange membrane.

Referring to FIG. 6, in an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid guiding groove 12 includes: the flow channel structure comprises a main groove 121 and an auxiliary groove 122, two ends of the main groove 121 are communicated with the adjacent flow channels 13, one end of the auxiliary groove 122 is communicated with the main groove 121, and the other end of the auxiliary groove is communicated with the flow channel 13 on one side of the main groove 121. In the present invention, the auxiliary tank 122 is used as an extension of the main tank 121, and a water outlet is added, so that the liquid can flow out of the liquid guide tank 12.

In the above embodiment, the included angle between the liquid guiding groove 12 and the flow channel 13 is 15 to 85 degrees. The liquid guide groove 12 is inclined relative to the flow channel 13, so that when gas flows through the flow channel 13, part of the gas enters the liquid guide groove 12 to push water out of the liquid guide groove 12.

The fuel cell convenient for water drainage is provided with a liquid guide groove 12 on a separating part 14 between flow channels 13, when water is positioned between the separating part 14 and a membrane electrode 20, water can enter the flow channels 13 through the liquid guide groove 12 and flows out of the flow channels 13 along with the flow of gas in the flow channels 13, so that the water can be conveniently drained, the normal work of the membrane electrode 20 is ensured, the liquid guide groove 12 changes the shape of the separating part 14, the condition of water maintaining surface tension is destroyed, and when the gas flows in the flow channels 13, part of the gas also passes through the liquid guide groove 12 to drive the water to flow out of the liquid guide groove 12;

the liquid guide groove 12 not only plays a role of guiding liquid, but also serves as a gas flow passage 13, the liquid guide groove 12 in the utility model is distributed over the separation part 14, so that the overlapping area between the flow passages 13 at two sides of the membrane electrode 20 is increased, the gas can be conveniently and widely distributed, the membrane electrode 20 is removed, the gas reaction sites on the membrane electrode 20 are increased, and the purpose of increasing the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell is achieved.

It is to be understood that the utility model is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell for facilitating water drainage, comprising: the membrane electrode assembly comprises electrode plates arranged oppositely and a membrane electrode arranged between the electrode plates; one surface of the electrode plate facing the membrane electrode is provided with: the membrane electrode plate comprises flow channels and partition parts which are positioned between the adjacent flow channels and used for partitioning the flow channels, wherein one surface of the electrode plate, which is far away from the membrane electrode, is provided with an interface which penetrates through the electrode plate and is communicated with the flow channels, and external fuel and oxidant enter the flow channels through the interface;

2. The fuel cell for facilitating water drainage according to claim 1, wherein the membrane electrode comprises: the gas diffusion layer is arranged between the proton exchange membrane and the electrode plate.

3. The fuel cell for facilitating water drainage of claim 1, wherein the liquid guide groove comprises: the runner assembly comprises a main groove and an auxiliary groove, wherein two ends of the main groove are communicated with adjacent runners, one end of the auxiliary groove is communicated with the main groove, and the other end of the auxiliary groove is communicated with the runners on one side of the main groove.

4. The fuel cell for facilitating water drainage according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the angle between the liquid guide groove and the flow channel is 15 to 85 degrees.