CN215986792U - Wide-spectrum electro-optical switch based on lithium niobate thin film - Google Patents
Wide-spectrum electro-optical switch based on lithium niobate thin film Download PDFInfo
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- CN215986792U CN215986792U CN202122151160.4U CN202122151160U CN215986792U CN 215986792 U CN215986792 U CN 215986792U CN 202122151160 U CN202122151160 U CN 202122151160U CN 215986792 U CN215986792 U CN 215986792U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a wide-spectrum electro-optical switch based on a lithium niobate film, which sequentially comprises a modeling electrode, a lithium niobate film waveguide, a substrate, a bottom electrode and a base from top to bottom, wherein the modeling electrode comprises at least two electrode groups, and each electrode group comprises an oval array electrode unit with gradually changed width and an isosceles triangle array unit with gradually changed height. By using the utility model, the problems of low response speed, large volume and narrow bandwidth of the current optical switch can be solved, and the technical effects of easy integration, high extinction ratio and large modulation bandwidth are realized. The utility model can be widely applied to the field of electro-optical switches.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of electro-optical switches, in particular to a wide-spectrum electro-optical switch based on a lithium niobate thin film.
Background
The optical switch is used as the core of an optical network, and plays a key role in the fields of optical communication, optical signal processing, optical computers and the like. Optical switching can be divided into mechanical and non-mechanical types. No matter mechanical type or non-mechanical type light switch tube is in ms magnitude at response speed mostly, is difficult to satisfy the demand of future photoswitch quick response, and some mechanical type photoswitch size is great, is difficult to integrate, and some have movable part to influence system stability, in addition, most photoswitches mainly concentrate on infrared band, and the photoswitch of visible light band receives attention less.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a broad-spectrum electro-optical switch based on a lithium niobate thin film, which solves the problems of low response speed, large volume and narrow bandwidth of the existing optical switch.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: a wide-spectrum electro-optical switch based on a lithium niobate thin film sequentially comprises a modeling electrode, a lithium niobate thin film waveguide, a substrate, a bottom electrode and a base from top to bottom, wherein the modeling electrode comprises at least two electrode groups, and each electrode group comprises an oval array electrode unit with gradually changed width and an isosceles triangle array unit with gradually changed height.
The array electrode unit comprises an elliptical array electrode unit with gradually changed width, an output end optical fiber and an input end optical fiber, wherein the elliptical array electrode unit with gradually changed width is close to the input end optical fiber, and the isosceles triangle array unit with gradually changed height is close to the output end optical fiber.
Furthermore, the width of the oval in the oval array electrode unit with the gradually-changed width is gradually increased from the input end optical fiber to the output end optical fiber, and the height of the isosceles triangle in the isosceles triangle array unit with the gradually-changed height is gradually increased from the input end optical fiber to the output end optical fiber.
Further, intervals are arranged among the electrode groups.
Furthermore, the electrode groups are symmetrically distributed.
Further, the substrate is silicon dioxide.
Further, the substrate is bulk lithium niobate.
Furthermore, the lithium niobate thin film waveguide, the substrate, the bottom electrode and the substrate all adopt flat plate structures.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the utility model can realize N1 selection and N1 combination of input light by unique electrode structure design and using the electro-optic effect of the crystal. The optical switch is used for solving the problems of low response speed, large volume and narrow bandwidth of the current optical switch, provides a new scheme for meeting the rapidly-increased optical network requirement, and can realize the technical effects of easy integration, high extinction ratio and large modulation bandwidth.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an overall schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating one-out-of-four operation effects of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a four-in-one operation effect of an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 001-004, input end optical fiber; 005. an output end optical fiber; 100. molding the electrode; 200. a lithium niobate thin film waveguide; 300. a substrate; 400. a bottom electrode; 500. a substrate; 101-104 parts of oval array electrode units with gradually changed widths; 111-114, and a height gradually changed isosceles triangle array electrode unit.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present invention provides a lithium niobate thin film-based broad spectrum electro-optical switch, which sequentially comprises, from top to bottom, a shaping electrode 100, a lithium niobate thin film waveguide 200, a substrate 300, a bottom electrode 400 and a substrate 500, wherein the shaping electrode comprises 4 electrode groups, and each electrode group comprises an oval array electrode unit with gradually changed width and an isosceles triangle array unit with gradually changed height.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lithium niobate thin film waveguide, the substrate, the bottom electrode, and the base all adopt a flat plate structure.
Specifically, the electrode material of the electrode group is gold, the thickness of the electrode structure unit of the electrode group is 100nm, the thickness of the lithium niobate thin film waveguide 200 is 10 μm, a waveguide region is formed, the bottom electrode material is gold, the thickness is 0.5mm, and the bottom electrode 400 and the modeling electrode 100 form a non-coplanar electrode structure of the electro-optical switch.
Further, the optical fiber array further comprises an output end optical fiber 005 and input end optical fibers 001-004, the oval array electrode units 101-104 with gradually changed widths are close to the input end optical fibers 001-004, and the isosceles triangle array units 111-114 with gradually changed heights are close to the output end optical fiber 005.
Specifically, the electro-optical switch uses optical fibers for input and output, and as shown in fig. 3, there are 4 input ports before the electro-optical switch of the present invention and only 1 output port after the electro-optical switch of the present invention. The positions of the input ports correspond to the electrode groups one by one (the centers of the input ports are the same as the centers of the corresponding electrode groups in the x-direction), each electrode group is arranged along the length direction of the lithium niobate thin film waveguide 200, namely the y-axis direction in the figure, wherein the oval array electrode unit with gradually changed width is close to the input end, and the isosceles triangle array electrode unit with gradually changed height is close to the output end.
The output position of the electro-optical switch is at the center of the rear end face of the waveguide layer 200, and the output end optical fiber 005 is spaced from the output position of the electro-optical switch by a certain distance (in the y-axis direction).
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the width of the ellipse in the elliptical array electrode unit with gradually changed width is gradually increased from the input end optical fiber to the output end optical fiber, and the height of the isosceles triangle in the isosceles triangle array unit with gradually changed height is gradually increased from the input end optical fiber to the output end optical fiber.
The lithium niobate thin film is a material with a high electro-optic coefficient, when the modeling electrode 100 is connected with the anode of a voltage source, the bottom electrode 400 is connected with the cathode of the voltage source, namely, voltage is applied to the two layers of electrodes. Due to the electro-optic effect of lithium niobate, the refractive index of the corresponding position of the electrode unit connected with the positive electrode of the voltage source in the waveguide area will be increased. Specifically, when the positive electrode of the voltage source is connected with the oval array electrode unit 101 with gradually changed width, and the negative electrode of the voltage source is connected with the bottom electrode 400, the voltage source applies positive voltage, the refractive index of the corresponding area of the oval array electrode unit 101 with gradually changed width in the waveguide layer can be increased to form a light beam focusing area, and the effect is equivalent to that a "lens" array with gradually changed width is formed in the waveguide area, so that the input light beam can be focused, the focusing effect of the "lens" array on the light beam can be influenced by the magnitude of the applied voltage, and the larger the applied voltage is, the stronger the focusing effect of the "lens" array on the light beam is. The magnitude of the applied voltage can be adjusted according to different use scenarios to enable better coupling of the output light to the device connected to the output of the electro-optical switch of the utility model. Similarly, the positive pole of the voltage source is connected with the isosceles triangle array electrode unit 102 with gradually changing height, when the negative pole of the voltage source is connected with the bottom electrode 400, the voltage source applies positive voltage, the refractive index of the corresponding area of the isosceles triangle array electrode unit 102 with gradually changing height in the waveguide layer can be increased to form a light beam deflection area, the effect is equivalent to that a 'prism' array with gradually changing height is formed in the waveguide area, according to the refraction theorem, when light passes through the 'prism', the propagation direction of the light can be changed, and when proper voltage is applied, the light beam can just reach the output end of the device for output. When the oval array electrode unit 101 with gradually changed width and the isosceles triangle array electrode unit 102 with gradually changed height work at the same time, the light path from the input end to the output end can be conducted, and at this time, the working state of the optical switch is "bright". If the width-gradually-changed elliptical array electrode unit 101 does not work (no voltage is applied), because the light spot size of input light is small, only a small part of light energy is output from the output end due to the light spot divergence speed block, and at this time, the working state of the optical switch is "dark". The working principle of other electrode groups is the same, and it should be noted that the closer to the edge of the optical switch (away from the output end), the longer the height-gradually-changed isosceles triangle array electrode unit is, because the farther away from the output end, the larger the deflection distance required by the light beam is, and the longer the height-gradually-changed isosceles triangle array electrode unit is, the larger the deflection angle of the light beam can be increased, so that the light beam can be emitted from the output end. The electro-optical switch adopts the lithium niobate thin film technology, the thickness of the lithium niobate thin film is 10 mu m, and the reduction of the thickness of the waveguide area greatly reduces the driving voltage of the electro-optical switch.
Further as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a space is provided between the electrode groups.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrode sets are symmetrically distributed.
Specifically, the 4 electrode groups are symmetrically distributed on the modeling electrode 100 by taking the connecting line of the middle points of the upper and lower edges of the rectangle as a symmetrical line (that is, 111 and 114, 112 and 113 have the same structure, and all the oval array electrode units with gradually changed widths have the same structure).
Further as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the substrate is silicon dioxide.
In particular, the silicon dioxide substrate and the lithium niobate thin film waveguide have higher refractive index contrast ratio, and the loss of light can be reduced when the device works.
Further as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the substrate is bulk lithium niobate, and the thickness is 0.5 mm.
The electro-optical switch of the utility model realizes the function of selecting one from four, and comprises the following steps:
four input light beams are respectively input from the input ports 001, 002, 003 and 004, the anode of a voltage source is connected with the oval array electrode units 101, 102, 103 and 104 with gradually changed widths and the isosceles triangle array electrode unit 112 with gradually changed heights, when the cathode of the voltage source is connected with the bottom electrode 400, voltage is applied between the two electrodes, and in the waveguide area, only the refractive index of the electrode unit connected with the anode of the voltage source at the corresponding position can be changed to form a light beam focusing area and a light beam deflection area. In the beam deflection region, only the highly-graded isosceles triangle array electrode unit 112 operates, and thus only the propagation direction of the input light from the input port 002 changes to reach the output port 005, thereby realizing conduction of the optical path. Since the rest of the gradually-changed isosceles triangle electrode array units do not work, the input light of the corresponding electrode group propagates along a straight line, and the propagation direction of the light is not changed and cannot reach the output port 005. The effect is shown in fig. 4 (simulation result of Rsoft software BPM module). This example only illustrates the case where there are 4 electrode groups in the electro-optical switch of the present invention, and in practical cases, N electrode groups can be provided as needed to implement the N-out-of-1 function.
The electro-optical switch of the utility model realizes the four-in-one function by the following steps:
four input light beams are respectively input from the input ports 001, 002, 003 and 004, the positive electrode of a voltage source is connected with the middle oval array electrode units 101, 102, 103 and 104 with gradually changed widths and the isosceles triangle array electrode units 111, 112, 113 and 114 with gradually changed heights, and when the negative electrode of the voltage source is connected with the bottom electrode 400, voltage is applied between the two electrodes. In the waveguide area, the refractive index of the electrode unit corresponding to the positive electrode of the voltage source is changed to form a light beam focusing area and a light beam deflection area. At this moment, the 4 electrode groups are in working states, input light is focused in the waveguide, the propagation direction changes, the conduction of a light path is realized, four input light beams converge at the output end 006 and are output, and the four-in-one function is realized. The effect is shown in fig. 5 (simulation result of Rsoft software BPM module). This example only illustrates the case where there are 4 electrode sets in the electro-optical switch of the present invention, and in practical cases, N electrode sets can be provided as needed to realize the N-in-1 function.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A broad spectrum electro-optical switch based on lithium niobate thin film is characterized in that: the lithium niobate thin film waveguide structure comprises a modeling electrode, a lithium niobate thin film waveguide, a substrate, a bottom electrode and a base from top to bottom in sequence, wherein the modeling electrode comprises at least two electrode groups, and each electrode group comprises an oval array electrode unit with gradually changed width and an isosceles triangle array unit with gradually changed height.
2. The lithium niobate thin film-based broad spectrum electro-optic switch of claim 1, wherein: the array electrode unit comprises an elliptical array electrode unit with gradually changed width, an output end optical fiber and an input end optical fiber, wherein the elliptical array electrode unit with gradually changed width is close to the input end optical fiber, and the isosceles triangular array unit with gradually changed height is close to the output end optical fiber.
3. The lithium niobate thin film-based broad spectrum electro-optic switch of claim 2, wherein: the width of the oval in the oval array electrode unit with the gradually-changed width is gradually increased from the input end optical fiber to the output end optical fiber, and the height of the isosceles triangle in the isosceles triangle array unit with the gradually-changed height is gradually increased from the input end optical fiber to the output end optical fiber.
4. The lithium niobate thin film-based broad spectrum electro-optic switch of claim 1, wherein: and intervals are arranged among the electrode groups.
5. The lithium niobate thin film-based broad spectrum electro-optic switch of claim 1, wherein: the electrode groups are symmetrically distributed.
6. The lithium niobate thin film-based broad spectrum electro-optic switch of claim 1, wherein: the substrate is silicon dioxide.
7. The lithium niobate thin film-based broad spectrum electro-optic switch of claim 1, wherein: the substrate is blocky lithium niobate.
8. The lithium niobate thin film-based broad spectrum electro-optic switch of claim 1, wherein: the lithium niobate thin film waveguide, the substrate, the bottom electrode and the substrate all adopt flat plate structures.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122151160.4U CN215986792U (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Wide-spectrum electro-optical switch based on lithium niobate thin film |
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| CN202122151160.4U CN215986792U (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Wide-spectrum electro-optical switch based on lithium niobate thin film |
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| CN215986792U true CN215986792U (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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