CN215985733U - Regional carbon dioxide emission monitoring and control system - Google Patents
Regional carbon dioxide emission monitoring and control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN215985733U CN215985733U CN202122114187.6U CN202122114187U CN215985733U CN 215985733 U CN215985733 U CN 215985733U CN 202122114187 U CN202122114187 U CN 202122114187U CN 215985733 U CN215985733 U CN 215985733U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a regional carbon dioxide emission monitoring and control system, which comprises: the device comprises a flue, a carbon dioxide emission accurate metering and monitoring system connected with the flue, and a regional carbon dioxide emission control system connected with the carbon dioxide emission accurate metering and monitoring system; the carbon dioxide emission accurate measurement monitoring system consists of a plurality of identical carbon dioxide emission accurate measurement monitoring subsystems; and the regional carbon dioxide discharge control system acquires carbon dioxide discharge data transmitted by each carbon dioxide discharge accurate metering monitoring subsystem, and provides warning and guides the carbon dioxide discharge of the power plant represented by each flue in time according to the carbon dioxide discharge control target. The regional carbon dioxide emission monitoring and control system provides real-time and complete carbon emission data for regional carbon emission supervision, and effectively improves the quality of regional carbon emission supervision, management and control work.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of carbon emission monitoring, and particularly relates to a regional carbon dioxide emission monitoring and control system.
Background
Global climate problems are more and more attracting high attention of people, and low carbon economy characterized by low energy consumption, low emission and low pollution becomes a hotspot of global political economy games. The electricity supply in China mainly takes thermal power as the main part, and the carbon dioxide emission in the electricity industry is determined to be large.
Recently, China continuously pushes new measures and actions in the aspect of pushing the target of '30/60' double carbon to be realized. Formally online carbon emission trading market in 7 months of 2021. The power generation industry is used as the first starting industry of a carbon emission right trading market, and enterprises listed in key emission units exceed 2000 families, so that higher requirements are provided for monitoring carbon dioxide emission of thermal power plants.
The carbon dioxide emission monitoring of coal-fired and gas-fired power plants mainly adopts an emission factor method, and the technology is mature and complete. However, coal-fired power plants in China generally have mixed combustion, and factors such as installed capacity, process technology, carbon content actual measurement conditions and the like also have great influence on an emission factor method, so that default values provided by the nation are difficult to be applied to all power plants, and the representativeness of the power plants is in constant debate. Currently, on-line monitoring technology (CEMS) is rapidly developing, and most power plants meet the conditions for equipping CEMS. In order to accurately measure the carbon dioxide emission and promote the overall planning and optimization of the carbon dioxide emission in the region, a region-level carbon dioxide emission monitoring and control system is necessary to be established so as to develop an online carbon dioxide emission monitoring method and improve the quality of carbon emission supervision, management and control work in the region.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a regional carbon dioxide emission monitoring and control system, aiming at the technical problems that the installed capacity, the process technology and the actual measurement condition of carbon content have great influence on an emission factor method and the emission factor method is not suitable for all power plants in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a regional carbon dioxide emission monitoring and controlling system, comprising: the device comprises a flue, a carbon dioxide emission accurate metering and monitoring system connected with the flue, and a regional carbon dioxide emission control system connected with the carbon dioxide emission accurate metering and monitoring system; the system comprises a carbon dioxide emission accurate measurement monitoring system, a flue, a data processing unit and a communication unit, wherein the carbon dioxide emission accurate measurement monitoring system consists of a plurality of identical carbon dioxide emission accurate measurement monitoring subsystems; and the regional carbon dioxide discharge control system acquires carbon dioxide discharge data transmitted by each carbon dioxide discharge accurate metering monitoring subsystem, and provides warning and guides the carbon dioxide discharge of the power plant represented by each flue in time according to the carbon dioxide discharge control target.
The regional carbon dioxide discharge control system acquires carbon dioxide discharge data transmitted by each carbon dioxide discharge accurate metering monitoring subsystem, and provides warnings in time for power plants represented by each flue according to the carbon dioxide discharge control target and guides the carbon dioxide discharge of the power plants, so that the power plants can control the carbon dioxide discharge process in the plants in real time by judging whether the warnings from the regional carbon dioxide discharge monitoring and control system are received, a large amount of manpower and material resources are not needed to calculate or analyze the carbon discharge data, and the operation cost of the power plants is reduced.
Further, the monitoring unit is used for acquiring the flue gas temperature, the flue gas pressure and the flue gas flow in the flue; the sampling unit is used for collecting flue gas in the flue; the pretreatment unit is used for dedusting and dewatering the flue gas collected by the sampling unit; the test unit is used for measuring a carbon dioxide absorption spectral line in the pretreated flue gas; the data processing unit is used for calculating the concentration of carbon dioxide and the emission of the carbon dioxide by using the carbon dioxide absorption spectral line measured by the testing unit and the smoke parameters obtained by the monitoring unit; the communication unit is used for transmitting the emission data of the carbon dioxide to the regional carbon dioxide emission control system.
Further, the step that sampling unit gathered the flue gas is: a plurality of sampling points are arranged in the flue, the smoke of the sampling points is extracted by an air extracting pump, and the smoke extracted from each sampling point is mixed and then sent to a pretreatment unit.
Preferably, the sampling points are sampled according to a systematic sampling method to reduce errors introduced by the sampling units.
Further, the pretreatment unit consists of a dust removal module and a water removal module.
The pretreatment unit of the utility model removes dust and water from the flue gas, thus reducing the influence of dust and moisture in the flue gas on the test unit.
Further, the testing unit adopts a direct absorption method based on a tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectrum technology to determine the carbon dioxide absorption spectrum line.
Further, the tunable semiconductor laser used for the tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectroscopy technology is one of a fabry-perot laser, a distributed feedback semiconductor laser, a distributed bragg reflector laser, a vertical cavity surface emitting laser, or an external cavity tuning semiconductor laser.
Further, the data processing unit calculates the concentration of carbon dioxide in the actual flue gas after performing temperature compensation on the flue gas according to the measured carbon dioxide absorption spectral line based on the corresponding relationship between the concentration of carbon dioxide and the carbon dioxide absorption spectral line calibrated in advance, and calculates the emission amount of carbon dioxide according to the flue gas flow.
The calculation formula of the carbon dioxide concentration of the utility model is as follows:
wherein X is measured value of carbon dioxide concentration, A is integrated value of absorptivity of carbon dioxide absorption line, and S (T) is line intensity, and reference temperature T can be found in related spectrum database0S (T) of0) And calculating the spectral line intensity at the temperature T; p is the total pressure of the flue gas; l is the optical length, which remains unchanged on a fixed device.
The formula for calculating the emission of carbon dioxide is as follows: and m is X multiplied by V, wherein m is the emission amount of carbon dioxide, X is the measured value of the concentration of the carbon dioxide, and V is the flow rate of the flue gas.
The utility model adopts a direct absorption method based on the tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectrum technology and carries out temperature compensation, thereby improving the measurement precision of the carbon dioxide concentration and reducing the relative error.
The working process of the utility model is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) selecting a proper monitoring point in a tail flue of the power plant, and installing a carbon dioxide emission accurate metering monitoring subsystem;
(2) the accurate carbon dioxide emission metering and monitoring subsystem transmits real-time carbon dioxide emission data of each flue to the regional carbon dioxide emission control system through the communication unit;
(3) the regional carbon dioxide discharge control system calculates the carbon discharge completion rate and the condition of exceeding a threshold in real time according to the carbon discharge quota and the carbon discharge plan of each power plant in the region, and timely sends out a warning to the power plant with the excessive discharge;
(4) and the regional carbon dioxide discharge control system predicts the future carbon dioxide discharge according to the existing carbon dioxide discharge data in the region and guides the carbon discharge arrangement of each power plant in the region.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the technical effects that: the regional carbon dioxide emission monitoring and control system provides real-time and complete carbon emission data for regional carbon emission supervision, and effectively improves the quality of regional carbon emission supervision, management and control work; in the measurement of the carbon dioxide concentration of the flue gas of the power plant, a TDLAS-based direct absorption method is adopted, and temperature compensation is carried out, so that the measurement precision of the carbon dioxide concentration is improved, and the relative error is reduced; the power plant can control the carbon dioxide emission process in the plant in real time by judging whether the warning from the regional carbon dioxide emission monitoring and controlling system is received or not, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are not needed to be spent on calculating or analyzing the carbon emission data, so that the operation cost of the power plant is reduced; the system can also continue to expand upwards to a carbon dioxide discharge control system in a larger area.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a regional carbon dioxide emission monitoring and controlling system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a subsystem for monitoring and accurately metering carbon dioxide emission according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model.
The following describes a regional level carbon dioxide emission monitoring and controlling system according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the regional level carbon dioxide emission monitoring and controlling system includes: the device comprises a flue, a carbon dioxide emission accurate metering and monitoring system connected with the flue, and a regional carbon dioxide emission control system connected with the carbon dioxide emission accurate metering and monitoring system; the system comprises a carbon dioxide emission accurate measurement monitoring system, a flue, a data processing unit and a communication unit, wherein the carbon dioxide emission accurate measurement monitoring system consists of a plurality of identical carbon dioxide emission accurate measurement monitoring subsystems; and the regional carbon dioxide discharge control system acquires carbon dioxide discharge data transmitted by each carbon dioxide discharge accurate metering monitoring subsystem, and provides warning and guides the carbon dioxide discharge of the power plant represented by each flue in time according to the carbon dioxide discharge control target.
One flue represents a power plant generating carbon dioxide emission, and one power plant is a key emission unit. One flue corresponds to one accurate carbon dioxide emission metering and monitoring subsystem, and a plurality of flues, the accurate carbon dioxide emission metering and monitoring subsystems and the regional carbon dioxide emission control system form a regional carbon dioxide emission monitoring and control system. The regional carbon dioxide emission control system determines the carbon emission quota of each important emission unit in the region according to the control target; determining a corresponding carbon emission plan according to the power generation plan of each key emission unit; according to carbon dioxide emission data transmitted by the accurate carbon dioxide emission measurement monitoring subsystem of each key emission unit, calculating whether the emission of each key emission unit exceeds a preset threshold value based on a planned amount in real time, and if so, sending a warning to the key emission unit in time; and analyzing the real-time change trend and fluctuation condition of the carbon dioxide emission of each key emission unit, forming prediction of the carbon dioxide emission in the region, and guiding each key emission unit to regulate and control the emission in advance.
The accurate carbon dioxide emission metering and monitoring subsystem comprises a monitoring unit, a sampling unit, a preprocessing unit arranged at the downstream of the sampling unit, a testing unit arranged at the downstream of the preprocessing unit, a data processing unit arranged at the downstream of the testing unit and a communication unit arranged at the downstream of the data processing unit. The monitoring unit is used for acquiring the flue gas temperature, the flue gas pressure and the flue gas flow in the flue. The sampling unit is used for gathering the flue gas in the flue, and the sampling unit adopts the system sampling method to sample, and the step that the sampling unit gathered the flue gas is: a plurality of sampling points distributed according to a certain rule are arranged in the flue, the smoke of the sampling points is extracted by an air extracting pump, and the smoke extracted from each sampling point is mixed and then sent to a pretreatment unit. The pretreatment unit consists of a dust removal module and a water removal module and is used for removing dust and removing water from the flue gas collected by the sampling unit. The testing unit is used for measuring a carbon dioxide absorption spectral line in the pretreated flue gas, the testing unit measures the carbon dioxide absorption spectral line by adopting a direct absorption method based on a tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectrum Technology (TDLAS), the testing unit adopts a distributed feedback type semiconductor laser, and the central wavelength is 1580 nm. The data processing unit is used for calculating the concentration of carbon dioxide and the emission of the carbon dioxide by using the carbon dioxide absorption spectral line measured by the testing unit and the flue gas parameters (flue gas temperature, flue gas pressure and flue gas flow) obtained by the monitoring unit; the communication unit is used for transmitting the emission data of the carbon dioxide to the regional carbon dioxide emission control system. The data processing unit calculates the concentration of carbon dioxide in the actual flue gas after carrying out temperature compensation on the flue gas according to the measured carbon dioxide absorption spectral line based on the corresponding relation between the concentration of carbon dioxide and the carbon dioxide absorption spectral line calibrated in advance, and calculates the emission of carbon dioxide according to the flow of the flue gas. The calculation formula of the carbon dioxide concentration is as follows:
wherein X is a measured value of carbon dioxide concentration, A is an integrated value of absorbance of a carbon dioxide absorption line, and S (T) isThe line intensity of the reference temperature T can be found in the related spectrum database0S (T) of0) And calculating the spectral line intensity at the temperature T; p is the total pressure of the flue gas; l is the optical length, which remains unchanged on a fixed device.
The formula for calculating the emission of carbon dioxide is as follows: and m is X multiplied by V, wherein m is the emission amount of carbon dioxide, X is the measured value of the concentration of the carbon dioxide, and V is the flow rate of the flue gas.
The working process of the utility model is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) selecting a proper monitoring point in a tail flue of the power plant, and installing a carbon dioxide emission accurate metering monitoring subsystem;
(2) the accurate carbon dioxide emission metering and monitoring subsystem transmits real-time carbon dioxide emission data of each flue to the regional carbon dioxide emission control system through the communication unit;
(3) the regional carbon dioxide discharge control system calculates the carbon discharge completion rate and the condition of exceeding a threshold in real time according to the carbon discharge quota and the carbon discharge plan of each power plant in the region, and timely sends out a warning to the power plant with the excessive discharge;
(4) and the regional carbon dioxide discharge control system predicts the future carbon dioxide discharge according to the existing carbon dioxide discharge data in the region and guides the carbon discharge arrangement of each power plant in the region.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
While embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A regional level carbon dioxide emission monitoring and management and control system, comprising: the device comprises a flue, a carbon dioxide emission accurate metering and monitoring system connected with the flue, and a regional carbon dioxide emission control system connected with the carbon dioxide emission accurate metering and monitoring system; the system comprises a plurality of identical accurate carbon dioxide emission metering monitoring subsystems, wherein one flue corresponds to one accurate carbon dioxide emission metering monitoring subsystem, and the accurate carbon dioxide emission metering monitoring subsystem comprises a monitoring unit, a sampling unit, a preprocessing unit arranged at the downstream of the sampling unit, a testing unit arranged at the downstream of the preprocessing unit, a data processing unit arranged at the downstream of the testing unit and a communication unit arranged at the downstream of the data processing unit; and the regional carbon dioxide discharge control system acquires carbon dioxide discharge data transmitted by each accurate carbon dioxide discharge metering and monitoring subsystem, and provides warning and guides the carbon dioxide discharge of the power plant represented by each flue in time according to a carbon dioxide discharge control target.
2. The monitoring and control system according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring unit is configured to obtain a flue gas temperature, a flue gas pressure, and a flue gas flow rate in the flue; the sampling unit is used for collecting the flue gas in the flue; the pretreatment unit is used for dedusting and dewatering the flue gas collected by the sampling unit; the testing unit is used for determining a carbon dioxide absorption spectral line in the pretreated flue gas; the data processing unit is used for calculating the concentration of carbon dioxide and the emission of the carbon dioxide by using the carbon dioxide absorption spectral line measured by the testing unit and the flue gas parameters obtained by the monitoring unit; the communication unit is used for transmitting the emission data of the carbon dioxide to the regional carbon dioxide emission control system.
3. The monitoring and control system according to claim 2, wherein the step of collecting the fumes by the sampling unit is: the flue is internally provided with a plurality of sampling points, the flue gas of the sampling points is extracted through an air extracting pump, and the flue gas extracted from each sampling point is mixed and then sent to the pretreatment unit.
4. The monitoring and control system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that said pre-treatment unit is composed of a dust removal module and a water removal module.
5. The monitoring and management system of claim 4, wherein the test unit determines the carbon dioxide absorption line using a direct absorption method based on tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectroscopy.
6. The monitoring and management control system of claim 5, wherein the tunable semiconductor laser used for the tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectroscopy technology is one of a Fabry-Perot laser, a distributed feedback semiconductor laser, a distributed Bragg reflector laser, a vertical cavity surface emitting laser, or an external cavity tuned semiconductor laser.
7. The monitoring and control system according to claim 6, wherein the data processing unit calculates the actual concentration of the carbon dioxide in the flue gas after performing temperature compensation on the flue gas according to the measured carbon dioxide absorption spectral line based on the corresponding relationship between the concentration of the carbon dioxide and the carbon dioxide absorption spectral line calibrated in advance, and calculates the emission amount of the carbon dioxide according to the flue gas flow.
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| CN114894981A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-12 | 广东信拓网络科技有限公司 | High-aging carbon emission environment monitoring and metering equipment and metering system thereof |
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| CN114894981A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-12 | 广东信拓网络科技有限公司 | High-aging carbon emission environment monitoring and metering equipment and metering system thereof |
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