CN215914793U - 冲击波系统 - Google Patents

冲击波系统 Download PDF

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CN215914793U
CN215914793U CN201990000962.3U CN201990000962U CN215914793U CN 215914793 U CN215914793 U CN 215914793U CN 201990000962 U CN201990000962 U CN 201990000962U CN 215914793 U CN215914793 U CN 215914793U
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M·艾尹-加尔
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M Aiyin Jiaer
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Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种冲击波系统(10)，该冲击波系统(10)包括冲击波换能器(12)，该冲击波换能器(12)具有换能器接口(16)和能操作以生成冲击波的冲击波生成部(14)。该换能器接口(16)包括容器(22)，该容器(22)的外轮廓被构造成直接接触患者中的腔(20)的内壁(18)。容器(22)至少部分地填充有能够将冲击波从冲击波生成部(14)传递至腔(20)的内壁(18)的液体(24)。容器(22)完全包围冲击波生成部(14)。

Description

冲击波系统
技术领域
本实用新型涉及用于冲击波生成和冲击波治疗的方法和系统，并且具体地涉及一种具有换能器接口的冲击波生成系统，该换能器接口包括完全包围冲击波生成部的容器。
背景技术
现有技术的电磁、电液和压电冲击波换能器被构造成在传播介质(通常是水)中产生压力波。足够的传播距离实现聚焦和冲击波形成。换能器和聚焦装置通常是圆形对称的，并且被构造成通常产生球形的会聚波。
授予Ein-Gal的美国专利9555267描述了一种系统，该系统用于通过将一个或更多个换能器直接接触患者身体的部位来产生、成形压力波脉冲并将压力波脉冲耦合至患者。压力波不会通过传播液而传播。代替地，换能器与作为传播介质的固体接口协作。利用电气上安全且生物兼容的接触以及患者和换能器的各自的声阻抗的机械上的有效匹配来实现如此近距离的换能器至患者的耦合。从单个换能器发出的波无需聚焦。通过各种方法可以获得聚焦，诸如杯吸膜(cuppingthemembrane)、通过将固体接口成形为透镜或通过将多个换能器构造成相位阵列，在相位阵列中，根据时间序列分别激励换能器以确保来自各个换能器的波同时到达期望的聚焦区。
在整个公开中，术语冲击波、压力脉冲和压力波可互换使用。
实用新型内容
本实用新型试图提供一种新颖的冲击波治疗系统和方法，如下文更详细地描述，该系统和方法用于许多医学应用中，诸如但不限于碎石术、整形外科、治疗病理组织疾病和许多其它疾病，特别是在软组织上的应用。该冲击波系统具有换能器接口，该换能器接口包括完全包围冲击波生成部的容器。
根据本实用新型的非限制性实施方式提供了一种冲击波系统，所述冲击波系统包括：冲击波换能器，所述冲击波换能器包括换能器接口和能操作以生成冲击波的冲击波生成部；其中，所述换能器接口包括容器，所述容器的外轮廓被构造成直接接触患者中的腔的内壁，所述容器至少部分地填充有能够将所述冲击波从所述冲击波生成部传递至所述腔的所述内壁的液体；并且其中，所述容器完全包围所述冲击波生成部。
根据本实用新型的非限制性实施方式，加热器对容器的外轮廓进行加热。加热器可以位于容器的壁中或液体中。
根据本实用新型的非限制性实施方式，热传感器与温度控制器通信以控制容器的外轮廓的温度。
根据本实用新型的非限制性实施方式，液体与储存器和用于控制液体的体积的控制器流体连通。
根据本实用新型的非限制性实施方式，磁体能操作以在冲击波生成部中感应出磁场。
根据本实用新型的非限制性实施方式，脉冲发生器能操作以将电流脉冲传递至冲击波生成部，其中，冲击波生成部响应于磁场和电流脉冲而生成冲击波。
根据本实用新型的非限制性实施方式，冲击波在容器中的液体中径向传播。
根据本实用新型的非限制性实施方式，容器的壁是柔性的，并且容器是可膨胀的。
冲击波生成部可以是圆柱形或圆锥形的。
根据本实用新型的非限制性实施方式，换能器接口的声阻抗不低于腔的内壁的声阻抗并且不高于冲击波生成部的声阻抗。
根据本实用新型的非限制性实施方式，提供了一种用于将压力脉冲施加到患者的腔的内壁的方法，该方法包括将冲击波换能器引入患者的腔中，并且使用冲击波生成部生成通过换能器接口到腔的内壁的冲击波。
附图说明
从以下结合附图进行的详细描述中，将更充分地理解和领会本实用新型，其中：
图1是根据本实用新型的实施方式构造和操作的用于压力波产生或治疗的系统的简化图示。
具体实施方式
现在参照图1，图1例示了根据本实用新型的非限制性实施方式构造和操作的用于冲击波生成或治疗的系统10。
系统10包括冲击波换能器12，该冲击波换能器12包括冲击波生成部14和换能器接口16，该换能器接口16被布置成接触患者的腔20的内壁18。
换能器接口16包括容器22，该容器22的外轮廓被构造成直接接触腔20的内壁18。容器22至少部分地填充有液体24，该液体24能够将冲击波从冲击波生成部14 传递至腔20的内壁18。容器22完全包围冲击波生成部14。
根据本实用新型的非限制性实施方式，容器22的壁是柔性的，并且容器22是可膨胀的。
冲击波换能器12的冲击波生成部14可以包括但不限于生成冲击波(声压脉冲) 的电-冲击波能量转换器(例如，电-液、电磁或压电)。冲击波生成部14可以是圆柱形或圆锥形(以虚线示出)或其它形状。冲击波可以在容器22中的液体24中径向传播。
在一个非限制性示例中，冲击波生成部14可以是被构造成与磁体26(可以是电磁体)连通的膜，该磁体26在膜中感应出平行于膜的外表面的磁场。附加地或另选地，冲击波生成部14可以与脉冲发生器(电脉冲生成器)28连通。脉冲发生器28 传递电流脉冲。例如，电流取向可以平行于冲击波生成部14的膜的外表面，但不必平行于膜中的磁场。冲击波生成部14被构造处响应于磁场与膜中的电流脉冲之间的相互作用而排斥压力脉冲并将压力脉冲传递至液体24。膜可以是平面的、凹的、凸的或其它形状。
在磁体26是电磁体的示例中，其可以包括电磁感应线圈，并且脉冲发生器28 通过来自脉冲发生器感应线圈的感应将电流脉冲传递至膜。
可以提供成像设备(未示出)以对冲击波到组织的传递进行成像。
容器22的外轮廓(壁)优选地由电气上安全且生物相容的材料制成，该材料表现出患者和生物相容材料的各自的声阻抗的机械有效匹配。优选地，换能器接口16 的生物相容材料的声阻抗不低于腔的内壁的组织的声阻抗并且不高于冲击波生成部 14的声阻抗，并且最优选地接近(在20％以内)二者的几何平均值。
材料的声阻抗(Z)被定义成其密度(p)和声速(V)的乘积，即Z＝p*V，并且以单位Rayls(瑞利)[kg/(sec·m2)]或者更常用地以MegaRayls(MRayls，兆瑞利)来测量。
容器22的外轮廓(壁)可以包括多个级联层，每个层具有各自的声阻抗，以便在换能器接口16中提供足够的波传播。与患者接触的层具有接近内壁组织的声阻抗的声阻抗，以便最使波在与患者的交界处的反射以及对组织的相关损害最小化。
容器22的外壁可以被药物27覆盖，以被转移至腔组织(例如，用于治疗膀胱癌)。
在本实用新型的一个非限制性实施方式中，系统10将冲击波换能器12与一个或更多个其它换能器相结合，用于传递能量，诸如但不限于光能、超声能、RF能量、磁能、微波能量生成器和/或机械能生成器(例如弹簧或振荡块)。
根据本实用新型的非限制性实施方式，加热器30对容器22的外轮廓进行加热。加热器30可以位于容器22的壁中或液体24中。加热器30可以是但不限于电阻加热器、热电加热器、感应加热器等等。加热器30可以借助通过液体24进行的对流然后借助通过容器22的壁厚进行的传导将热传递到腔组织。
热传感器32(例如但不限于，热敏电阻或热电偶)可以与温度控制器34通信，该温度控制器34被联接至加热器30，以感测和控制容器22的外轮廓的温度。以这种方式，不仅可以利用冲击波而且可以利用热能来治疗组织。
根据本实用新型的非限制性实施方式，液体24与储存器36和用于控制液体24 的体积的液体控制器38流体连通。以这种方式，可以根据治疗计划监测和增加或减少容器中的液体量。
附加地或另选地，液体可以与压力传感器40和泵42连通，以控制腔壁上的压力(例如，用于治疗钙化动脉)。

Claims (13)

1.一种冲击波系统，所述冲击波系统包括：
冲击波换能器(12)，所述冲击波换能器(12)包括换能器接口(16)和能操作以生成冲击波的冲击波生成部(14)；
其中，所述换能器接口(16)包括容器(22)，所述容器(22)的外轮廓被构造成直接接触患者中的腔(20)的内壁(18)，所述容器(22)至少部分地填充有能够将所述冲击波从所述冲击波生成部(14)传递至所述腔(20)的所述内壁(18)的液体(24)；并且
所述容器(22)完全包围所述冲击波生成部(14)，
其特征在于，所述冲击波系统(10)还包括被构造成加热所述容器(22)的所述外轮廓的加热器(30)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的冲击波系统，其特征在于，所述加热器(30)位于所述容器(22)的壁中。
3.根据权利要求1所述的冲击波系统，其特征在于，所述加热器(30)位于所述液体(24)中。
4.根据权利要求3所述的冲击波系统，其特征在于，所述冲击波系统(10)还包括与温度控制器(34)连通的热传感器(32)，所述温度控制器被联接至所述加热器(30)，以控制所述容器(22)的所述外轮廓的温度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的冲击波系统，其特征在于，所述液体(24)与储存器(36)和用于控制所述液体(24)的体积的液体控制器(38)流体连通。
6.根据权利要求1所述的冲击波系统，其特征在于，所述冲击波系统(10)还包括能操作以在所述冲击波生成部(14)中感应出磁场的磁体(26)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的冲击波系统，其特征在于，所述冲击波系统(10)还包括能操作以将电流脉冲传递至所述冲击波生成部(14)的脉冲发生器(28)，其中，所述冲击波生成部(14)响应于所述磁场和所述电流脉冲而生成冲击波。
8.根据权利要求1所述的冲击波系统，其特征在于，所述冲击波在所述容器(22)中的所述液体(24)中径向传播。
9.根据权利要求1所述的冲击波系统，其特征在于，所述容器(22)的壁是柔性的，并且所述容器(22)是可膨胀的。
10.根据权利要求1所述的冲击波系统，其特征在于，所述冲击波生成部(14)是圆柱形的。
11.根据权利要求1所述的冲击波系统，其特征在于，所述冲击波生成部(14)是圆锥形的。
12.根据权利要求1所述的冲击波系统，其特征在于，所述换能器接口(16)的声阻抗不低于所述腔(20)的所述内壁(18)的声阻抗并且不高于所述冲击波生成部(14)的声阻抗。
13.根据权利要求1所述的冲击波系统，其特征在于，所述液体(24)与压力传感器(40)和泵(42)连通。
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