CN215860168U - Ultra-deep shaft top plate - Google Patents
Ultra-deep shaft top plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN215860168U CN215860168U CN202122291990.7U CN202122291990U CN215860168U CN 215860168 U CN215860168 U CN 215860168U CN 202122291990 U CN202122291990 U CN 202122291990U CN 215860168 U CN215860168 U CN 215860168U
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of municipal engineering, in particular to the field of ultra-deep shaft construction engineering in municipal engineering, and more particularly relates to an ultra-deep shaft top plate, wherein the top plate is an integrated structure formed by using a cross beam as a basic carrier, forming a pouring space by paving a prefabricated UHPC ultra-high performance concrete bottom die and side dies and then pouring concrete in the space formed by the bottom die and the side dies. By adopting the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, prefabrication and field construction can be organically combined together, the traditional full-hall scaffold construction method for deep well roofs can be avoided, the modular assembly operation is convenient, the safety is high, and the construction period and materials are saved. The problem that the requirement for the bearing capacity of the top plate is high during deep well operation can be effectively solved, and therefore the foundation is improved for hoisting large-scale equipment in ultra-deep shaft operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of municipal engineering, in particular to the field of ultra-deep shaft construction engineering in municipal engineering, and more particularly relates to an ultra-deep shaft top plate.
Background
Deep wells are a commonly used targeted method in underground construction. The traditional deep well is widely applied to the traffic field (such as large and medium-sized piers and the like), the tunnel field (such as temporary working wells, permanent ventilation shafts and the like of shield tunnels), the water conservancy facility field (such as port foundations and the like) and the municipal engineering field (such as underground reservoirs and the like) due to the advantages of large structural rigidity, strong integrity, good stability, deep construction depth, wide applicable soil range and the like. In these fields, deep wells often have a structure with a bottom and no cover.
With the development of deep wells, the application of the deep wells is expanded to scenes such as emergency escape ways, subway entrances and exits, underground substations, deep underground parking lots and the like. In these application scenarios, deep wells require construction of roof structures.
At present, the common underground engineering roof structure in engineering is in a reinforced concrete integral cast-in-place mode. The reinforced concrete integral cast-in-place structure can meet various index requirements of a roof structure with large structural span and complex form. Simultaneously, the waterproof effect of whole cast-in-place formula roof is also more outstanding than other roofs. Therefore, the roof slab of the reinforced concrete integral cast-in-place type is more and more widely applied.
In the common cast-in-place mode in the prior art, a scaffold is erected from the bottom of a well to the bottom elevation of a top plate, then a template is supported, and then steel bar binding and concrete pouring are carried out on the template. This may be done when the well is shallow and there are no other structures or equipment in the well. However, this method is not suitable for an ultra-deep shaft with a deep well and other structures need to be constructed in advance in the well.
Particularly, in the technical scheme that a deep well is taken as a structural carrier of an underground stereo garage, which is currently developed, because the roof at the position of +/-0.00 generally needs to bear the load of an aboveground warehouse entering and exiting building, the roof with a simple single structure in the prior art cannot meet the load requirement due to limited bearing capacity.
Therefore, a new top plate structure and a new manufacturing method are developed to meet the bearing capacity and construction requirements under the continuously developed deep well application scene, and the new top plate structure and the new manufacturing method become hot spots and difficulties for the research in the municipal construction field, particularly the deep well construction field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to develop a top plate suitable for an ultra-deep vertical shaft represented by an underground stereo garage and a manufacturing method thereof, so that the problems of construction difficulty and bearing capacity of the existing top plate in the application of the stereo garage are solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a top plate suitable for an ultra-deep shaft, wherein the top plate is an integral structure formed by using a cross beam as a basic carrier, forming a pouring space by paving a prefabricated UHPC ultrahigh-performance concrete bottom die and a prefabricated UHPC ultrahigh-performance concrete side die and pouring concrete in the space formed by the bottom die and the prefabricated UHPC ultrahigh-performance concrete side die.
Further preferably, the cross beam comprises four main beams, namely a first main beam, a second main beam, a third main beam and a fourth main beam, wherein the first main beam is parallel to the third main beam, the second main beam is perpendicular to the first main beam and the third main beam, the fourth main beam is parallel to the second main beam, so that a structure shaped like a Chinese character 'jing' is formed, the structure shaped like a Chinese character 'jing' is fixed in the deep well, and the tail end of the structure is respectively fixed with the inner well wall of the deep well; the secondary beam is perpendicular to the main beam, one end of the secondary beam is fixed to the main beam, the other end of the secondary beam is fixed to the inner well wall of the deep well, the space between the main beam and the inner well wall of the deep well is divided into a plurality of small unit spaces, the tie bars are arranged in the small unit spaces, the two ends of the tie bars are respectively fixed to the top angles of a pair of opposite angles of the small unit spaces, and one small unit space is divided into two triangular or triangular-like stable small spaces.
Preferably, the deep well connector further comprises a concrete corbel, wherein one end of the concrete corbel is fixed with the connector pre-embedded in the wall of the deep well, and the other end of the concrete corbel is fixed with the tail end of the main beam so as to fix the main beam on the wall of the deep well.
As a preferred technical scheme, the deep well supporting structure further comprises a small concrete corbel, wherein the small concrete corbel is fixed with the tail end of the bearing secondary beam, and the bearing secondary beam is a secondary beam corresponding to the column base of the upper building and used for fixing the bearing secondary beam on the inner well wall of the deep well.
Further preferably, the deep well structure further comprises an embedded part, wherein the embedded part is a structural part embedded in the wall of the deep well, and the embedded part is fixed with the tail ends of the secondary beams except the bearing secondary beam and the tail end of the tie rod so as to fix the structures of the secondary beams except the bearing secondary beam and the tie rod on the wall of the deep well.
In a preferred technical scheme, the concrete bracket further comprises a buffer support, and the buffer support is arranged between the main beam and the concrete bracket.
Further preferably, the buffer support is a rubber support.
Further preferably, a plurality of through holes are formed in the top plate.
As a preferred technical scheme, the main beam is a beam with a box-shaped section.
In a preferred technical scheme, the secondary beam is a beam with an H-shaped section or an I-shaped section.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a manufacturing method of the ultra-deep shaft top plate, wherein embedded parts are embedded in the inner side wall of the ultra-deep shaft in advance, and concrete corbels are respectively manufactured on the inner side wall corresponding to the tail end of the structure shaped like a Chinese character 'jing', and the manufacturing method of the ultra-deep shaft top plate comprises the following steps:
s1: calculating and determining the positions and the sizes of a main beam and a bearing secondary beam of the cross beam according to the position of a column foot of the overground building to be built and the supporting force required by the column foot;
s2: hoisting the main beam to the wellhead of the ultra-deep shaft according to a preset position, and respectively placing eight end parts of the main beam on concrete corbels;
s3: hoisting the bearing secondary beam to the wellhead of the ultra-deep shaft according to a preset position, and placing the end part of the bearing secondary beam on a small concrete corbel;
s4: hoisting other secondary beams except the bearing secondary beam to the wellhead of the ultra-deep shaft according to a preset position, and fixing the end parts of the secondary beams with the embedded parts;
s5: fixing the tie bars with the main beam and the secondary beam to form a triangular fixing mode;
s6: laying a prefabricated UHPC ultrahigh-performance concrete top plate bottom die on the cross beam;
s7: placing a prefabricated UHPC ultrahigh-performance side mold at the side wall of the top plate;
s8: and pouring concrete into a space formed by the bottom die and the side die to form a top plate.
As a preferred technical scheme, in the step S2, before the main beam is placed, a step of placing a buffer support is further included, that is, the buffer support is placed on the concrete corbel, and then the eight ends of the main beam are placed on the corresponding concrete corbels.
Preferably, the buffer support is a rubber support.
As a preferable mode, a fixing method by welding is adopted in steps S4 and S5.
By adopting the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, prefabrication and field construction can be organically combined together, the traditional full-hall scaffold construction method for deep well roofs can be avoided, the modular assembly operation is convenient, the safety is high, and the construction period and materials are saved. The invention effectively solves the problem of large requirement on bearing capacity of the top plate during deep well operation by the structure of the cross beam and the installation mode thereof, thereby providing a foundation for hoisting large-scale equipment in ultra-deep shaft operation. Meanwhile, in the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the bottom die and the side die prefabricated by the UHPC ultrahigh-performance concrete can meet the requirement of site construction of the top plate, and the bottom die and the side die do not need to be disassembled and then form an integrated structure with the top plate, so that the integral structure is higher in strength, higher in rigidity and very strong in plasticity, and after the structure is finished, additional measures for corrosion resistance and flame retardance are not needed, and the ultrahigh-performance concrete prefabricated bottom die and the ultrahigh-performance concrete prefabricated side die are more economical and safe.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an ultra-deep shaft ceiling after laying a UHPC counter-form.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of a cross beam.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the joint of the main beam and the concrete corbel.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be better understood, we now provide further explanation of the invention with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The top plate suitable for the ultra-deep shaft in the embodiment is an integral structure formed by using a cross beam as a basic carrier, forming a pouring space by laying a prefabricated UHPC ultrahigh-performance concrete bottom die and a prefabricated UHPC ultrahigh-performance concrete side die and pouring concrete in the space formed by the bottom die and the prefabricated UHPC ultrahigh-performance concrete side die. As shown in fig. 1, the top plate is a unitary structure, and it can be seen that there are some small communication holes 1 at the edge of the structure, which are used for the effective communication between the space above the well and the space below the well, and there is a large communication hole 2 at the center of the structure, which is communicated with the deep well and is an important component in the practical application of the deep well, such as the stereo garage. And structures 3 are arranged at four corners of the connecting holes 2, and are structural column feet of buildings used as ground vehicles in and out of the garage in the stereo garage. Therefore, the ultra-deep vertical shaft top plate disclosed by the invention can be directly used as a subsequent bearing structure without being disassembled and assembled after the construction is finished, and the economy is better.
Further preferably, in the embodiment, the cross beam in the mechanism is further disclosed. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the cross beam comprises a main beam 4, a secondary beam 5 and a tie bar 6, wherein the main beam 4 comprises four beams, namely a first main beam 401, a second main beam 402, a third main beam 403 and a fourth main beam 404, the first main beam 401 is parallel to the third main beam 403, the second main beam 402 is perpendicular to the first main beam 401 and the third main beam 403, and the fourth main beam 404 is parallel to the second main beam 402, so that a structure in a shape like a Chinese character 'jing' is formed as shown in fig. 2. The transverse girder structure is fixed in the deep well, and the tail ends of the transverse girder structure are respectively fixed with the wall of the inner side of the deep well; as can be seen by combining fig. 2 and fig. 3, the deep well drilling device further comprises a concrete corbel 7, one end of the concrete corbel 7 is fixed with a connector 8 pre-embedded in the wall of the deep well, and the other end of the concrete corbel is fixed with the tail end of the main beam so as to fix the main beam on the wall of the deep well. Referring to fig. 2 again, the secondary beam 5 is perpendicular to the main beam, one end of the secondary beam is fixed to the main beam, the other end of the secondary beam is fixed to the inner well wall of the deep well, the space between the main beam and the inner well wall of the deep well is divided into a plurality of small unit spaces, the tie bars are arranged in the small unit spaces, the two ends of the tie bars are respectively fixed to the top angles of a pair of opposite angles of the small unit spaces, and one small unit space is divided into two stable small spaces of a triangle or a triangle-like shape. For example, as illustrated in fig. 2, the space between the third main beam 403 and the deep well wall 9 is divided by the first secondary beam 501 and the second secondary beam 502 to form three small unit spaces, which are named as a first small unit space, a second small unit space, and a third small unit space from left to right, respectively, and the first tie rod 601 is located in the first small unit space, and both ends of the first tie rod are fixed to the second main beam 402 and the first secondary beam 501, respectively, so as to divide the first small unit space into two stable small spaces similar to a triangle. Similarly, the second tie rod 602 and the third tie rod 603 are located in the second small unit in a crossed manner, the second tie rod 602 divides the second small unit space into two small triangular stabilizing spaces, and the third tie rod 603 also divides the second small unit space into two small triangular stabilizing spaces, which are superposed to form four small spaces as shown in fig. 2.
For the secondary beams, there is a distinction between load-bearing secondary beams and non-load-bearing secondary beams, as shown in fig. 2, for both the first secondary beam 501 and the second secondary beam 502, which are non-load-bearing secondary beams, they are fixed on the deep well wall 9 through the embedded parts 10, and for the first load-bearing secondary beam 503 and the second load-bearing secondary beam 504, they are fixed with the deep well wall 9 through the small concrete corbels. As shown in fig. 2, the first load-bearing secondary beam 503 is fixed on the deep well wall 9 through a first small concrete corbel 1101, and the second load-bearing secondary beam 504 is fixed on the deep well wall 9 through a second small concrete corbel 1102.
Preferably, a buffer support 12 is further included in the present embodiment, and the buffer support 12 is disposed between the main beam 4 and the concrete corbel 7, as shown in fig. 3. In this embodiment, the cushion mount is preferably a rubber mount.
Preferably, the main beam is made of steel with a box-shaped cross section, such as steel plates with the number of Q325 or above in the embodiment. Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that the secondary beam is a beam having an H-shaped cross section or an "i" shaped cross section, such as a channel or an angle steel in the present embodiment.
The construction method of the present invention will be further explained with reference to fig. 1 to 3 and the foregoing structural description. Firstly, pre-embedding embedded parts in the inner side well wall of the ultra-deep vertical well, and simultaneously manufacturing concrete corbels on the inner side well wall corresponding to the tail end of the structure shaped like a Chinese character 'jing'.
Then, according to the position of the column foot of the above-ground building to be built and the required supporting force, the positions and the sizes of the main beam and the bearing secondary beam of the cross beam are calculated and determined, and then the cross beam is prefabricated; it can be seen from figure 2, for example, that the cross beam is not a completely symmetrical structure, which is the result of force estimation from the desired superstructure toe position and the desired hole location for a particular construction site.
In this embodiment, the ultra-deep shaft is used as a carrier of an underground parking garage, and an independent small space surrounded by a main beam, a secondary beam and a tie bar of the cross beam firstly needs to meet the requirement that pipelines such as a heavy-duty lift well of a vehicle, a counterweight well, fire protection, electricity, water supply and drainage and the like extend to the shaft from the underground; meanwhile, the column base of the steel structure of the building is unevenly distributed due to the distribution requirements of various functional rooms in the ground building, such as a central control room, a distribution room, a pump room, a fire-fighting water tank and the like. Based on the above two factors, the dimensions of the main beams, the dimensions and the distribution of the secondary beams of the cross beam form an asymmetric form as shown in fig. 3.
Then, hoisting the main beam to the wellhead of the ultra-deep shaft according to a preset position, and respectively placing eight end parts of the main beam on concrete corbels; as can be seen from fig. 3, a buffer support is further disposed between the main beam and the concrete corbel to ensure the stability of the combination;
in addition, the bearing secondary beam is hoisted to the wellhead of the ultra-deep shaft according to the preset position, and the end part of the bearing secondary beam is placed on a small concrete corbel; hoisting other secondary beams except the bearing secondary beam to the wellhead of the ultra-deep shaft according to a preset position, and fixing the end parts of the secondary beams with the embedded parts;
finally, the tie bar is fixed with the main beam and the secondary beam in a welding mode to form a triangular fixing mode;
after the cross beam is installed, laying a prefabricated UHPC ultrahigh-performance concrete top plate bottom die 13 on the cross beam; meanwhile, a prefabricated UHPC ultrahigh-performance side mold is placed on the side wall of the top plate;
finally, concrete is poured into the space formed by the bottom die and the side die to form the top plate, as shown in fig. 1.
What has been described above is a specific embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The roof of super dark shaft, its characterized in that: the top plate is an integral structure formed by using a cross beam as a basic carrier, forming a pouring space by paving a prefabricated UHPC ultrahigh-performance concrete bottom die and a prefabricated UHPC ultrahigh-performance concrete side die and then pouring concrete in the space formed by the bottom die and the prefabricated UHPC ultrahigh-performance concrete side die.
2. The ceiling of an ultra-deep shaft of claim 1, characterized in that: the cross beam comprises four main beams, namely a first main beam, a second main beam, a third main beam and a fourth main beam, wherein the first main beam is parallel to the third main beam, the second main beam is vertical to the first main beam and the third main beam, the fourth main beam is parallel to the second main beam, so that a structure shaped like a Chinese character 'jing' is formed, the structure of the main beam shaped like the Chinese character 'jing' is fixed in the deep well, and the tail end of the main beam is respectively fixed with the inner side well wall of the deep well; the secondary beam is perpendicular to the main beam, one end of the secondary beam is fixed to the main beam, the other end of the secondary beam is fixed to the inner well wall of the deep well, the space between the main beam and the inner well wall of the deep well is divided into a plurality of small unit spaces, the tie bars are arranged in the small unit spaces, the two ends of the tie bars are respectively fixed to the top angles of a pair of opposite angles of the small unit spaces, and one small unit space is divided into two triangular or triangular-like stable small spaces.
3. The ceiling of an ultra-deep shaft of claim 2, characterized in that: the deep well drilling device is characterized by further comprising a concrete corbel, wherein one end of the concrete corbel is fixed with the connector embedded in the wall of the deep well, and the other end of the concrete corbel is fixed with the tail end of the main beam and used for fixing the main beam on the wall of the deep well.
4. The ceiling of an ultra-deep shaft of claim 2, characterized in that: the bearing secondary beam is a secondary beam corresponding to the column foot of the upper building and is used for fixing the secondary beam for bearing on the inner well wall of the deep well.
5. The ceiling of an ultra-deep shaft of claim 2, characterized in that: the embedded part is a structural part embedded in the wall of the deep well, and the embedded part is fixed with the tail ends of other secondary beams except the bearing secondary beam and the tail end of the tie rod and is used for fixing the other secondary beam structures except the bearing secondary beam and the tie rod on the wall of the deep well inside.
6. The ceiling of an ultra-deep shaft of claim 2, characterized in that: the concrete bracket is characterized by further comprising a buffering support, and the buffering support is arranged between the main beam and the concrete bracket.
7. The ceiling of an ultra-deep shaft of claim 6, wherein: the buffer support is a rubber support.
8. The ceiling of an ultra-deep shaft of claim 1, characterized in that: the top plate is provided with a plurality of connecting holes.
9. The ceiling of an ultra-deep shaft of claim 2, characterized in that: the main beam is a beam with a box-shaped section; and/or the secondary beam is a beam with an H-shaped section or an I-shaped section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122291990.7U CN215860168U (en) | 2021-09-22 | 2021-09-22 | Ultra-deep shaft top plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122291990.7U CN215860168U (en) | 2021-09-22 | 2021-09-22 | Ultra-deep shaft top plate |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN215860168U true CN215860168U (en) | 2022-02-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122291990.7U Active CN215860168U (en) | 2021-09-22 | 2021-09-22 | Ultra-deep shaft top plate |
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| CN (1) | CN215860168U (en) |
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- 2021-09-22 CN CN202122291990.7U patent/CN215860168U/en active Active
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