CN215828695U - Coal gasification furnace and coal gasification system - Google Patents
Coal gasification furnace and coal gasification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN215828695U CN215828695U CN202121777997.3U CN202121777997U CN215828695U CN 215828695 U CN215828695 U CN 215828695U CN 202121777997 U CN202121777997 U CN 202121777997U CN 215828695 U CN215828695 U CN 215828695U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a coal gasification furnace and a coal gasification system. The coal gasifier includes: the furnace body is provided with a gasification chamber, a coal inlet positioned at the top and a slag discharge port positioned at the bottom, and the furnace body is sequentially divided into an upper area, a middle area and a lower area in the height direction; the first gasifying agent nozzle is arranged in the lower region of the furnace body and used for supplying a first gasifying agent to the gasification chamber so that the first gasifying agent and the coal material subjected to the gasification treatment in the upper region and the middle region of the furnace body are subjected to combustion reaction; and the second gasification agent nozzle is arranged in the middle area of the furnace body and used for supplying a second gasification agent to the gasification chamber of the coal gasification furnace so that the second gasification agent participates in gasification reaction to generate coal gas.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of coal chemical industry, and particularly relates to a coal gasification furnace and a coal gasification system.
Background
Coal, as a fossil fuel, is one of the indispensable energy sources for people to produce and live at present and even for a long time in the future. If coal is directly combusted, a large amount of resources are wasted, and SO is discharged2、NOxAnd harmful gases such as CO, etc., causing environmental pollution. Therefore, promoting clean utilization of coal has become a necessary choice for industry development.
Coal gasification is one of the important ways for clean utilization of coal. The existing coal gasification technology is that coal is added into a coal gasification furnace, and the coal is converted into coal gas under the condition of pressurization and existence of gasification agents. The coal gas contains effective gases (CO and H)2) Also contains more CH4. Due to CH in the coal gas4The content is high, which has adverse effect on the subsequent chemical synthesis for synthesizing ammonia and the like. CH4Inert gases, CH in coal gases, in processes using coal gases as raw materials, e.g. for ammonia synthesis4Too high a content tends to increase the compressor power consumption in the process system and also to cause too much purge gas emissions, thus seriously affecting the economics of ammonia synthesis. Therefore, the development of a low methane coal gasification furnace is of great significance.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention provides in a first aspect a coal gasifier comprising:
the furnace body is provided with a gasification chamber, a coal inlet positioned at the top and a slag discharge port positioned at the bottom, and the furnace body is sequentially divided into an upper area, a middle area and a lower area in the height direction;
the first gasifying agent nozzle is arranged in the lower region of the furnace body and used for supplying a first gasifying agent to the gasification chamber so that the first gasifying agent and the coal material subjected to the gasification treatment in the upper region and the middle region of the furnace body are subjected to combustion reaction;
and the second gasifying agent nozzle is arranged in the middle area of the furnace body and used for supplying a second gasifying agent to the gasifying chamber of the coal gasifying furnace so that the second gasifying agent participates in the gasifying reaction to generate coal gas.
In any embodiment of the utility model, the second gasifying agent nozzle is obliquely arranged from the coal inlet to the slag discharge port, and the included angle between the second gasifying agent nozzle and the radial direction of the furnace body is 5-22 degrees. In some embodiments, the included angle between the second gasifying agent nozzle and the radial direction of the furnace body is 8-19 degrees. In some embodiments, the included angle between the second gasifying agent nozzle and the radial direction of the furnace body is 5-15 degrees.
In any embodiment of the utility model, the first gasifying agent nozzle is obliquely arranged from the coal inlet to the slag discharge port, wherein an included angle between the first gasifying agent nozzle and the radial direction of the furnace body is 5-10 degrees larger than an included angle between the second gasifying agent nozzle and the radial direction of the furnace body.
In any embodiment of the utility model, the first gasifying agent nozzle is obliquely arranged from the coal inlet to the slag outlet, and the included angle between the first gasifying agent nozzle and the radial direction of the furnace body is 15-25 degrees or 18-22 degrees.
In any embodiment of the utility model, the second gasifying agent nozzle extends into the gasifying chamber to a depth of 300mm to 350 mm.
In any embodiment of the utility model, the first gasifying agent nozzle extends into the gasification chamber to a depth of 300mm to 350 mm.
In any embodiment of the present invention, the height of the furnace body is represented by H, and the installation height of the second gasifying agent nozzle is represented by H, wherein: h is more than or equal to 0.3H and less than or equal to 0.6H, or H is more than or equal to 0.45H and less than or equal to 0.5H.
In any embodiment of the present invention, the height of the furnace body is represented by H, and the installation height of the first gasifying agent nozzle is represented by g, wherein: 0.1 H.ltoreq.g.ltoreq.0.2H, preferably 0.14 H.ltoreq.g.ltoreq.0.16H.
In any embodiment of the utility model, 2-4 second gasifying agent nozzles are arranged in the middle area of the furnace body at intervals along the circumferential direction of the furnace body.
In any embodiment of the present invention, 4 to 6 first gasifying agent nozzles are provided in the lower region of the furnace body at intervals in the circumferential direction of the furnace body.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a coal gasification system comprising: the coal gasification furnace is used for performing coal gasification treatment; and the gasifying agent supply assembly is used for supplying a first gasifying agent to the gasifying chamber of the coal gasifier through the first gasifying agent nozzle so that the first gasifying agent and the coal material subjected to the gasification treatment in the upper region and the middle region of the furnace body are subjected to a combustion reaction, and supplying a second gasifying agent to the gasifying chamber of the coal gasifier through the second gasifying agent nozzle so that the second gasifying agent participates in the gasification reaction to generate coal gas.
The utility model introduces the gasifying agent to participate in the gasification reaction in the middle area on the basis of introducing the gasifying agent from the lower area of the existing coal gasifier, thereby reducing the generation of CH by the coal hydropyrolysis reaction4And also promote CH in the furnace4So as to reduce CH of the coal gas4And (4) content. Low CH4The coal gasification product with the content can be used as a raw material for synthesizing ammoniaGas, and is beneficial to reducing the purge gas amount and the energy consumption of the ammonia synthesis system. Furthermore, the scheme of the utility model can also promote the cracking of tar generated in the coal gasification process, thereby reducing the tar content of coal gas and further improving the effective gas (CO and H)2) Ratio of occupation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal gasifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a coal gasification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more clear, features of various aspects and exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention. In the drawings and the following description, at least some well-known structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention; also, the dimensions of some of the structures may be exaggerated for clarity. Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "above" and "below" are inclusive of the present numbers; "plural" and "several" mean two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship indicated for convenience in describing the utility model and to simplify description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The directional terms appearing in the following description are intended to be illustrative in all directions, and are not intended to limit the specific construction of embodiments of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be directly connected or indirectly connected. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The above summary of the present invention is not intended to describe each disclosed embodiment or every implementation of the present invention. The following description more particularly exemplifies illustrative embodiments. At various points throughout this application, guidance is provided through a list of embodiments that can be used in various combinations. In each instance, the list is merely a representative group and should not be construed as exhaustive.
As one of the important approaches for clean utilization of coal, raw material coal can be sequentially subjected to several stages of drying, dry distillation, gasification and combustion in a coal gasification furnace in the presence of pressurization and a gasification agent to be converted into coal gas. After entering the gasification chamber from a coal inlet at the top of the coal gasifier, the raw coal is firstly dried. In the drying zone, the raw material coal is contacted with high-temperature coal gas from bottom to top in a counter-current manner, and the temperature of the coal gas is increased while the coal gas is cooled, so that the moisture (such as free water and/or free water) carried by the raw material coal is removedBound water). After the coal is dried, the coal continuously moves downwards to a carbonization area, is heated by high-temperature coal gas in the carbonization area, and carries out low-temperature carbonization and hydropyrolysis reaction of the coal to produce coke (or semicoke), coal tar and carbonization coal gas (including CO and H)2、CO2、CH4And other hydrocarbons, etc.). The coke (or semi-coke) continuously moves downwards to a gasification zone for further heating, and a series of oxidation-reduction reactions occur to generate CO and H2、CO2、CH4Crude gas and C-containing solids residue. The C-containing solid residue moves downwards to a combustion zone and contacts with a gasifying agent to generate a combustion reaction to generate CO and CO2Etc., while generating a large amount of heat. The gas carries heat upwards, thereby providing the required heat for the gasification process. The residual slag is discharged out of the gasification furnace as solid slag or liquid slag. The liquid slag can be chilled and then crushed into glassy slag for resource recycling.
Because the gasification agent is introduced into the lower region of the gasification chamber in the existing coal gasifier, the temperature in the gasifier is gradually reduced from a combustion region to a drying region, wherein the interval of a dry distillation region is very long, and the interval temperature is 250-800 ℃. A large amount of CH is generated in this interval4This causes CH of the gas discharged from the gas outlet of the gasification furnace4The content is higher. According to the different types of raw coal, CH of coal gas4The content is 4-9%. Generating CH4The main reaction equation of (a) is:
coal → coke + CO + H2+CH4+ Tar (1)
The reaction (1) depends on the content of volatile matter in the gasified coal, and the higher the content of volatile matter is, the CH generated in the reaction (1)4The higher the CH formed in reaction (1)4Cannot be suppressed by the operation process. Reaction (2) is an exothermic reversible reaction and is severely affected by chemical equilibrium. The reaction temperature is a major factor affecting the equilibrium constant of the reaction (2). Experiments show thatThe component contents and the equilibrium constants lgK were measured at equilibrium at different temperaturespSee table below:
as can be seen from the above table, CH is present due to the temperature in the retort zone < 800 deg.C4The amount of production is large. But when the temperature is above 800 ℃, CH4Generation is significantly inhibited, and CH4Can be converted to further reduce.
Based on the above, the utility model improves the original coal gasifier, and introduces the gasifying agent into the middle area of the gasification chamber on the basis of introducing the gasifying agent into the lower area of the gasification chamber. The gasification agent introduced from the middle region of the gasification chamber will be mixed with the gas (e.g., CO and H)2) Etc., and a large amount of heat is released. The created high-temperature (for example, more than or equal to 800 ℃) environment can inhibit CH generated by coal hydropyrolysis reaction4Amount of CH produced by dry distillation of coal4Conversion occurs, thereby greatly reducing CH of the gas product4And (4) content.
Next, a coal gasification furnace according to the present invention will be described. Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a coal gasifier as an example. Referring to fig. 1, the coal gasifier 100 according to the present invention includes a furnace body 110, the furnace body 110 includes a gasification chamber, a coal inlet located at the top, and a slag outlet located at the bottom, and the furnace body is sequentially divided into an upper region, a middle region, and a lower region in the height direction, wherein the lower region of the furnace body 110 is provided with a first gasification agent nozzle 120, the middle region of the furnace body 110 is provided with a second gasification agent nozzle 130, and the first gasification agent nozzle 120 and the second gasification agent nozzle 130 are respectively communicated with the gasification chamber of the furnace body 110. The first gasifying agent nozzle 120 is used to supply a first gasifying agent to the gasification chamber so that the first gasifying agent performs a combustion reaction with the coal material subjected to the gasification treatment in the upper and middle regions of the furnace body 110. The second gasifying agent nozzle 130 is used for supplying a second gasifying agent to the gasifying chamber so that the second gasifying agent participates in the gasifying reaction to generate coal gas.
The coal gasification furnace can adopt a fixed bed gasification furnace. The fixed bed gasification furnace usually adopts lump coal as raw material, and reacts with a gasification agent under pressurization to prepare synthesis gas, and has the advantage of wide raw material adaptability. For example, the raw material coal may be selected from anthracite, bituminous coal, lignite, and the like. The coal gasification furnace can be a solid slag-off fixed bed gasification furnace or a liquid slag-off fixed bed gasification furnace. Preferably, the coal gasification furnace is a slag tapping fixed bed gasification furnace.
Raw coal is fed into the gasification chamber through a coal inlet and a first gasification agent is introduced into the lower region of the gasification chamber through a first gasification agent nozzle 120 and a second gasification agent is introduced into the middle region of the gasification chamber through a second gasification agent nozzle 130. The residual C-containing solid residue after the raw material coal is dried, dry distilled at low temperature, hydropyrolysis and gasification reaction of coke (or semi-coke) is contacted with a first gasification agent in the lower area to carry out combustion reaction so as to generate heat required by a series of reactions in the furnace, and simultaneously, reductive gases such as CO and the like are generated for the reaction. In the middle region of the gasification chamber, the second gasification agent is mixed with CO and H2The heat generated by the reaction creates the inhibited CH4Generation and promotion of CH4High temperature environment of conversion, ultimately producing low CH4Coal gas with high content. The high-temperature environment can also promote the cracking of tar generated in the coal gasification process, thereby reducing the tar content of coal gas and further improving the effective gas (CO and H)2) Ratio of occupation.
In some embodiments, by adjusting the height of the first gasifying agent nozzle 120 and the second gasifying agent nozzle 130, it is possible to satisfy: in the interval from the installation position of the first gasifying agent nozzle 120 to the installation position of the second gasifying agent nozzle 130, the temperature of the gasification chamber changes from being reduced to being increased, wherein the lowest temperature in the interval is 850-1200 ℃, preferably 850-1000 ℃, and more preferably 900-950 ℃. The lowest temperature in the interval from the introduction position of the first gasifying agent to the introduction position of the second gasifying agent is in a proper range, so that the temperature in the furnace below and above the introduction position of the second gasifying agent can be controlled to inhibit CH4Generation and promotion of CH4High temperature of conversion, thereby reducing CH of coal gas4And (4) content. This is achieved byBesides, the temperature in the furnace can also promote the cracking conversion of tar in the coal gas, so that the tar content of the coal gas is reduced. Therefore, the obtained coal gas can obtain higher effective gas ratio.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the gasification chamber at the location corresponding to the second gasifying agent nozzle 130 is 1100 ℃ to 1300 ℃, preferably 1200 ℃ to 1300 ℃. The temperature of the gasification chamber corresponding to the introduction position of the second gasification agent is higher, which is beneficial to increasing the temperature in the furnace in the area below and above the introduction position of the second gasification agent, thereby being capable of inhibiting CH4Generation and promotion of CH4Conversion to obtain low CH4Coal gas with high content. Meanwhile, the cracking and conversion of tar in the coal gas can be promoted, and the tar content of the coal gas is reduced. The temperature of the gasification chamber corresponding to the introduction position of the second gasification agent is in a proper range, so that the coal material in the region can be prevented from melting, the stable operation of the gasification process in the furnace is ensured, and the coal gas with high effective gas ratio is obtained.
In some embodiments, the height of the furnace body 110 is denoted as H, and the height of the second gasifying agent nozzles 130 is denoted as H, wherein: h is more than or equal to 0.3H and less than or equal to 0.6H. In some embodiments, 0.35H ≦ H ≦ 0.55H. In some embodiments, 0.4H ≦ H ≦ 0.5H. In some embodiments, 0.42H ≦ H ≦ 0.47H. In some embodiments, 0.45H ≦ H ≦ 0.5H.
In some embodiments, the first reagent gasfier nozzle 120 is disposed at a height denoted as g, wherein: g is more than or equal to 0.1H and less than or equal to 0.2H. In some embodiments, 0.13H ≦ g ≦ 0.18H. In some embodiments, 0.14H ≦ g ≦ 0.16H.
The furnace body 110 includes a cylinder 111, and a top flange 112 and a bottom flange 113 respectively disposed at both ends of the cylinder. The height H of the furnace body 110 refers to the distance from the top surface of the top flange 112 to the bottom surface of the bottom flange 113. The installation height h of the second gasifying nozzle 130 is the vertical distance from the horizontal line of the center of the installation opening of the second gasifying nozzle 130 on the furnace body 110 to the bottom surface of the bottom flange 113. The installation height g of the first gasifying agent nozzle 120 is the vertical distance from the horizontal line of the center of the installation opening of the first gasifying agent nozzle 120 on the furnace body 110 to the bottom surface 113 of the bottom flange.
In some embodiments, the second gasification agent nozzle 130 is obliquely arranged from the coal inlet to the slag outlet, wherein an included angle between the second gasification agent nozzle 130 and the radial direction of the furnace body 110 is 5 to 22 degrees, and can also be selected from 8 to 19 degrees, 5 to 15 degrees, or 5 to 10 degrees. The inclination angle of the second gasifying agent nozzle 120 is in a proper range, which is beneficial to forming a good temperature field and a good flow field in the gasification chamber, and is further beneficial to reducing CH of coal gas4The content of the coal gas is high, and the coal gas obtains a high effective gas ratio.
In some embodiments, the first gasification agent nozzle 120 is disposed obliquely from the coal inlet to the slag outlet.
In some embodiments, it is preferable that the included angle between the first gasifying nozzle 120 and the radial direction of the furnace body 110 is 5 ° to 10 ° larger than the included angle between the second gasifying nozzle 130 and the radial direction of the furnace body 110. Thus being beneficial to forming good temperature field and flow field in the gasification chamber and further being beneficial to reducing CH of coal gas4The content of the coal gas is high, and the coal gas obtains a high effective gas ratio.
In some embodiments, the included angle between the first gasifying agent nozzle 120 and the radial direction of the furnace body 110 is preferably 15 ° to 25 °, and more preferably 18 ° to 22 °, such as 19 ℃.
In some embodiments, the second gasifying agent nozzle 130 extends into the gasification chamber to a depth of 300mm to 350 mm. The depth of the second gasifying nozzle 130 extending into the gasification chamber represents the vertical distance from the outlet of the second gasifying nozzle 130 to the inner side wall of the furnace body 110. The depth of the second gasifying agent nozzle 130 extending into the gasification chamber is in a proper range, which is beneficial to forming a good temperature field and a good flow field in the gasification chamber, and further beneficial to reducing CH of coal gas4The content of the coal gas is high, and the coal gas obtains a high effective gas ratio.
In some embodiments, the first gasification agent nozzle 120 extends into the gasification chamber to a depth of 300mm to 350 mm. The depth to which the first oxidant nozzle 120 extends into the gasification chamber represents the vertical distance from the outlet of the first oxidant nozzle 120 to the inner sidewall of the furnace body 110.
In some embodiments, a plurality of second gasification agent nozzles 130 may be provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the furnace body 110 in the middle region of the furnace body 110. For example, there are 2, 3, or 4 second gasifying agent nozzles 130. The plurality of second gasification agent nozzles 130 are preferably uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the furnace body 110. Thus being beneficial to the uniformity of the radial temperature field and the flow field in the furnace.
In some embodiments, a plurality of first gasifying agent nozzles 120 may be provided at intervals along the circumference of the furnace body 110 in the lower region of the furnace body 110. For example, there are 4, 5, or 6 first oxidant nozzles 120. The plurality of first oxidant nozzles 120 are preferably evenly distributed along the circumference of the furnace body 110.
The gas is discharged through a gas outlet 140 provided at the furnace body 110. The gas outlet 140 may be located at a side wall of the furnace body 110. The gas outlet 140 of the coal gasification furnace 100 may be disposed at a position near the coal inlet of the furnace body 110 to make full use of sensible heat of the gas.
In some embodiments, the coal gas outlet of the coal gasification furnace is arranged at a height such that the temperature of the gasification chamber corresponding to the coal gas outlet is 850 ℃ to 950 ℃, preferably 870 ℃ to 920 ℃. The temperature of the gasification chamber above the introduction position corresponding to the second gasification agent is higher, which is beneficial to inhibiting CH4Generation and promotion of CH4Conversion is facilitated, and tar cracking conversion is facilitated, so that CH of coal gas is reduced4Content and tar content.
In some embodiments, the height of the gas outlet 140 is denoted as t, wherein: h-t is more than or equal to 0.03H and less than or equal to 0.2H. In some embodiments, 0.05H ≦ H-t ≦ 0.1H. In some embodiments, 0.05H ≦ H-t ≦ 0.15H. The height h of the gas outlet 140 is defined as the vertical distance from the horizontal line of the center of the gas outlet 140 to the bottom surface of the bottom flange 113.
The coal gasifier of the utility model can produce low CH4And coal gas with tar content and high effective gas content. The main components of the coal gas are CO and H2And contains CO2And a small amount of CH4And gasification products such as tar.
The utility model also provides a coal gasification system. The system can implement the coal gasification process of the utility model to produce coal with low CH4And coal gas with tar content and high effective gas content. Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a coal gasification system as an example. Referring to fig. 2, a coal gasification system according to the present invention includes a coal gasification furnace 100 and a gasification agent supply assembly 200.
The coal gasification furnace 100 employs the coal gasification furnace 100 according to the present invention.
The gasifying agent supply unit 200 is configured to supply a first gasifying agent to the gasification chamber of the coal gasifier 100 through the first gasifying agent nozzle 120 so that the first gasifying agent performs a combustion reaction with the coal material subjected to the gasification treatment in the upper and middle regions of the furnace body 110, and supply a second gasifying agent to the gasification chamber of the coal gasifier 100 through the second gasifying agent nozzle 130 so that the second gasifying agent participates in the gasification reaction to generate coal gas. The gasifying agent supply unit 200 may employ a unit for supplying gasifying agent to the coal gasifier 100, which is known in the art. For example, the gasifying agent supply assembly 200 may include a steam pipe, an oxygen pipe, a steam-oxygen mixer 210 connected to the steam pipe and the oxygen pipe, and a steam-oxygen pipe connected between the steam-oxygen mixer 210 and the coal gasifier 100.
In some embodiments, the coal gasification system further comprises a dust removal device 300. The inlet of the dust removing device 300 is connected to the gas outlet 140 of the coal gasifier 100, and is used for removing dust from the coal gas sent from the coal gasifier 100. The dust removing device 300 may employ a device for gas dust removal known in the art, such as a venturi scrubber. The venturi scrubber may employ a scrubbing liquid known in the art, such as water.
The coal gas delivered from the coal gasification furnace 100 has a high temperature, and in some embodiments, the coal gasification system may further include a waste heat recovery device 400 for waste heat recovery. The waste heat recovery device 400 may be connected to a gas outlet of the dust removing device 300, and is used for recovering waste heat from the gas from the dust removing device 300. The waste heat recovery device 400 may employ a device known in the art that can be used for gas waste heat recovery, such as a waste heat boiler.
In some embodiments, the coal gasification system comprises a dust removal device 300 and a waste heat recovery device 400, the dust removal device 300 comprising a venturi scrubber. The coal gasification system further includes a gas-liquid separation device 500 and a waste liquid treatment device 600. The gas-liquid separation device 500 is connected to a gas outlet of the waste heat recovery device 400, and is configured to perform gas-liquid separation on the gas from the waste heat recovery device 400. The inlet of the waste liquid treatment device 600 is respectively connected with the liquid outlets of the waste heat recovery device 400 and the gas-liquid separation device 500, and the liquid outlet of the waste liquid treatment device 600 is connected with the washing liquid inlet of the venturi scrubber. The waste liquid treatment device 600 is used for purifying waste liquid from the waste heat recovery device 400 and the gas-liquid separation device 500, and sending the purified liquid to the venturi scrubber for recycling. The gas-liquid separation device 500 and the waste liquid treatment device 600 may each employ a device known in the art. For example, the gas-liquid separation device 500 may be selected from gas-liquid separators using a separation structure such as gravity settling, baffling separation, centrifugal separation, wire mesh separation, ultrafiltration separation, or packing separation. The waste liquid treatment apparatus 600 may employ, for example, a solid-liquid separation device such as a settling tank.
Although not shown in the drawings, the coal gasification system of the present invention may further optionally include a coal feeding unit, a slag discharging unit, a jacket water circulating unit (the furnace body may be provided with a cooling water jacket), and the like. The coal charging unit, the slag discharging unit, and the jacket water circulating unit may each include related devices known in the art. As an example, the coal charging unit may include a coal lock connected to the coal inlet. As an example, the slag tapping unit may include a quench chamber and a slag lock, etc., connected to the slag tap.
The coal gas produced by the coal gasifier and the system can be used as chemical raw material gas, industrial coal gas, fuel gas and the like. For example, coal gas may be used as the feed gas for the synthesis of ammonia. Due to CH in the coal gas4The content is reduced, thereby being beneficial to reducing the purge gas amount and the energy consumption of the ammonia synthesis system. In some embodiments, the temperature of the coal gas sent out by the coal gasifier can be reduced to 180-190 ℃ after dust removal, waste heat recovery and gas-liquid separation, and the coal gas can be directly sent to the subsequent working section.
While the utility model has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the utility model is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (11)
1. A coal gasifier, comprising:
the furnace body is provided with a gasification chamber, a coal inlet positioned at the top and a slag discharge port positioned at the bottom, and the furnace body is sequentially divided into an upper area, a middle area and a lower area in the height direction;
the first gasifying agent nozzle is arranged in the lower region of the furnace body and used for supplying a first gasifying agent to the gasification chamber so that the first gasifying agent and the coal material subjected to the gasification treatment in the upper region and the middle region of the furnace body are subjected to combustion reaction;
and the second gasification agent nozzle is arranged in the middle area of the furnace body and used for supplying a second gasification agent to the gasification chamber of the coal gasification furnace so that the second gasification agent participates in gasification reaction to generate coal gas.
2. The coal gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the second gasifying agent nozzle is arranged obliquely from the coal inlet to the slag outlet, and an included angle between the second gasifying agent nozzle and the radial direction of the furnace body is 5-22 °.
3. The coal gasifier according to claim 2, wherein an angle between the second gasifying agent nozzle and a radial direction of the furnace body is 8 ° to 19 °, or 5 ° to 15 °.
4. The coal gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the first gasifying agent nozzle is arranged in an inclined manner from the coal inlet to the slag outlet, and an included angle between the first gasifying agent nozzle and the radial direction of the furnace body is 5-10 degrees larger than an included angle between the second gasifying agent nozzle and the radial direction of the furnace body.
5. The coal gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the first gasifying agent nozzle is obliquely arranged from the coal inlet to the slag outlet, and an included angle between the first gasifying agent nozzle and the radial direction of the furnace body is 15-25 degrees or 18-22 degrees.
6. The coal gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the second gasifying agent nozzle extending into the gasification chamber is 300mm to 350 mm; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the depth of the first gasifying agent nozzle extending into the gasification chamber is 300-350 mm.
7. The coal gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the height of the furnace body is denoted by H, and the height at which the second gasifying agent nozzles are arranged is denoted by H, wherein: h is more than or equal to 0.3H and less than or equal to 0.6H, or H is more than or equal to 0.45H and less than or equal to 0.5H.
8. The coal gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the height of the furnace body is denoted by H, and the height at which the first gasifying agent nozzles are arranged is denoted by g, wherein: g is more than or equal to 0.1H and less than or equal to 0.2H.
9. The coal gasifier of claim 8, wherein 0.14H ≦ g ≦ 0.16H.
10. The coal gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein 2 to 4 of the second gasification agent nozzles are arranged at intervals in the middle region of the furnace body in the circumferential direction of the furnace body; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
4-6 first gasification agent nozzles are arranged in the lower area of the furnace body at intervals along the circumferential direction of the furnace body.
11. A coal gasification system, comprising:
a coal gasification furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for performing a coal gasification process;
and the gasification agent supply assembly is used for supplying a first gasification agent to the gasification chamber of the coal gasification furnace through the first gasification agent nozzle so that the first gasification agent and the coal material subjected to gasification treatment in the upper region and the middle region of the furnace body are subjected to combustion reaction, and supplying a second gasification agent to the gasification chamber of the coal gasification furnace through the second gasification agent nozzle so that the second gasification agent participates in the gasification reaction to generate coal gas.
Priority Applications (1)
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