CN215825965U

CN215825965U - Print size adjustable coaxial type shower nozzle structure and 3D printer

Info

Publication number: CN215825965U
Application number: CN202121931251.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李淑颖; 陈学辉; 孙彦哲; 李书成; 雷英婷
Original assignee: Shandong University
Current assignee: Shandong University
Priority date: 2021-08-17
Filing date: 2021-08-17
Publication date: 2022-02-15
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-17

Abstract

The utility model discloses a coaxial nozzle structure with adjustable printing size and a 3D printer, comprising a nozzle shell, a coaxial inner column, a blanking disc, a storage barrel, an extrusion piston and the like; wherein the coaxial inner column, the blanking disc and the storage cylinder are designed integrally. The utility model realizes biological 3D printing of tubular structures, and can be used for printing blood vessels and blood vessel-shaped structures; through the separated design of the spray head shell and the coaxial inner column and the size modularization of the spray head shell, the shell is convenient to replace according to the requirement, the printing of tubular structures with different outer diameters and wall thicknesses is realized, and the requirements of different functions and use occasions are met; through the integrated design of the coaxial inner column, the blanking disc and the storage cylinder, the coaxiality error caused by centering during printing is avoided, and the precision requirement of a product is met; the difficulty in part processing and size standard serialization is reduced by simplifying the structure of the spray head parts and reducing the total number of the parts.

Description

Print size adjustable coaxial type shower nozzle structure and 3D printer

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of 3D printer nozzle structure design, and particularly relates to a size-adjustable coaxial type nozzle structure with adjustable printing size and suitable for tubular structure printing and a 3D printer.

Background

Biological 3D printer has been applied to fields such as biomedical tissue regeneration, drug screening, pathology model, can realize biological ink year cell printing, for example prints cartilage tissue, heart support, organ pathology model, skin tissue, blood vessel etc. has printing material special, and the goods size is less, the structure is comparatively complicated and precision requirement characteristics such as higher.

The coaxial biological 3D printing is a technology derived according to the requirements of blood vessels or blood vessel-like pattern structures in the medical field on the basis of the biological 3D printing technology, and the tubular structure is widely applied in the medical field and has great significance in clinical medical aspects such as bypass operations, artificial organs and the like. The common coaxial biological 3D printing technology at present mainly comprises: coaxial biological 3D printing accomplished by removing the wicking material and coaxial biological 3D printing accomplished by a coaxial flow cross-linking reaction.

Coaxial bio-3D printing materials are typically formed by mixing a bio-ink (such as sodium alginate) and a cross-linking agent during printing and extruding the material, which undergoes a cross-linking reaction to form the article. And through using novel biological ink material, make biological ink and cross-linking agent cool off the storage after premixing before printing, keep the sol form through beating printer head built-in heating device during printing, extrude from the nozzle and take shape rapidly after contacting with the low temperature platform, successfully realized biological ink material extrusion formula biological 3D prints, reduced and simplified coaxial type printing's the degree of difficulty and flow, provide the direction for the further development of coaxial type biological 3D printing.

The prior coaxial biological 3D printing technology has the following defects:

1. the coaxial biological 3D printing technology which is completed by removing the fusible core material has complex operation; ultralow temperature printing has high requirements on experimental equipment and environment; secondary molding is needed, and the time for printing the product is long; the thickness of the finished product pipe wall is uneven after the fusible core material is removed, and the precision is difficult to ensure.

2. Although the operation of the coaxial biological 3D printing technology finished through the coaxial flow crosslinking reaction is simplified, a certain position error may exist in the centering process of the inner layer needle head, so that the coaxiality of the printed coaxial product is poor, and the thickness of the pipe wall is uneven. Meanwhile, the method of coaxially flowing out the bio-ink material and the cross-linking agent has the defects of nonuniform mixing of the bio-ink and the cross-linking agent and incomplete penetration of the cross-linking agent; the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the printed coaxial structure are inconvenient to change, and the processing adaptability is poor; since a certain time is required for the crosslinking reaction and the penetration of the crosslinking agent, there may be defects in the form error and the like after the printed product is formed.

3. The printing method using the novel biological ink material does not have a good nozzle structure design at present and can realize coaxial biological 3D printing.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to make up the blank of the structural design of a coaxial spray head of the current novel biological ink material in the printing direction of a tubular structure, overcome the defects of the existing coaxial 3D printing technology, including the problems of coaxiality error, complex printing operation, inconvenient printing size adjustment, uneven product wall thickness and the like in the process of centering an inner layer needle head, and provide a coaxial spray head structure of a biological 3D printer, which uses the novel biological ink material, is suitable for tubular structure printing and adjustable in printing size.

The utility model realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:

the utility model relates to a coaxial type spray head structure which is suitable for tubular structure printing and has adjustable printing size, comprising a spray head shell, a coaxial inner column, a blanking disc, a storage barrel, a printing head, an extrusion piston, a servo motor and a transmission structure; the sprayer shell is connected with the lower part of the material storage barrel, a blanking disc is arranged in the material storage barrel, the bottom of the blanking disc is connected with a coaxial inner column, and the coaxial inner column penetrates through the sprayer shell and is coaxially arranged with the sprayer shell; the printing head is used for loading the storage barrel; the extrusion piston is connected with the storage cylinder, is positioned at the upper part of the storage cylinder and drives the storage cylinder to move up and down; the servo motor drives the extrusion piston to move up and down through the transmission structure.

As the preferred scheme, the coaxial inner column, the lower material tray and the material storage barrel are integrally formed, the lower material tray is fixed on the inner side of the material storage barrel, the upper part of the threaded structure is provided with a plurality of uniformly arranged fan-shaped holes for the material to flow out, the coaxial inner column is fixed in the center of the lower material tray, the bottom of the coaxial inner column is in an inverted cone shape, and the diameter of the structure is slightly larger than the cylindrical part of the coaxial inner column.

As a preferred scheme, the top of the spray head shell is hollow cylindrical, the bottom of the spray head shell is hollow inverted cone, a boss is arranged at the connection position of the inner side of the cylindrical shape and the inverted cone, the spray nozzle is positioned at the cone tip, the length of the spray head shell is slightly shorter than that of the coaxial inner column, and the minimum inner diameter of the hollow inverted cone is slightly larger than that of the inverted cone structure of the coaxial inner column; the material is guaranteed to be of a coaxial structure when flowing out, and the inner side of the upper part of the sprayer shell is provided with an internal thread structure used for being connected with the material storage cylinder.

As the preferred scheme, the bottom of the storage cylinder is provided with an external thread structure, the storage cylinder is connected with the sprayer shell through threads, and the connected coaxial inner column penetrates through the interior of the sprayer shell. The maximum storage amount of the storage cylinder is less than the maximum volume of the storage cylinder, a cavity is reserved in the cylinder after the biological ink material is added, and the volume of the cavity is slightly greater than the volume of the shell part of the spray head, so that the material can be completely extruded.

As a preferred scheme, the middle of the printing head is provided with a slot for loading the storage barrel and the nozzle, and the side surface of the printing head is provided with a material barrel fastening screw structure for fastening the storage barrel to prevent shaking; the interior is provided with a material heating device which heats the biological material to maintain the colloid shape during the work; the top of the printing head is provided with a sliding rail structure, and the printing head is mounted and dismounted by matching with a sliding groove at the bottom of a box body provided with a piston and a transmission structure.

As the preferred scheme, the size of the extrusion piston is matched with the inner wall of the storage cylinder, material extrusion is realized through the inner cavity of the compression cylinder, and the piston is provided with a screw rod thread or other structures matched with the transmission structure.

Preferably, the sprayer housing is modular in size.

The utility model also provides a 3D printer, which comprises the coaxial type spray head structure with adjustable printing size, an XYZ-axis moving mechanism, a low-temperature working platform and a base; the low-temperature working platform is fixed on the base, and the shaft moving mechanism is positioned above the low-temperature working platform and is also arranged on the base; the coaxial type spray head structure of the biological 3D printer is arranged on the XYZ axis moving mechanism.

Compared with the existing coaxial biological 3D printing mode, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. according to the utility model, through the separated design of the spray head shell and the coaxial inner column and the size modularization of the spray head shell, the shell is convenient to replace as required, the printing of tubular structures with different outer diameters and wall thicknesses is realized, and the requirements of different functions and use occasions are met; meanwhile, the difficulty of part processing and size standard serialization is reduced by simplifying the structure of the spray head parts and reducing the total number of the parts.

2. Through the integrated molding of coaxial inner column, lower charging tray and storage cylinder, be a part, the axiality error that the centering arouses when having avoided printing satisfies the goods required precision.

3. The spray head shell is connected with the storage cylinder through threads, and the position of the spray head shell is finely adjusted up and down to adapt to an inverted cone structure at the bottom of the coaxial inner column, so that the printing inner diameter size can be adjusted, the size adjusting operation is simplified, and the printing processing range of the spray head is expanded;

4. through the design of extruding materials by using the piston and reserving the volume in the storage cylinder, the materials in the storage cylinder are completely extruded, and the waste of the materials and the adverse effect of residual materials on the cleaning and the service life of the spray head are avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coaxial showerhead according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the coaxial nozzle structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of coaxial inner columns in the coaxial showerhead structural design of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the coaxial type showerhead of the present invention after completion of installation.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the coaxial nozzle and the extruding portion of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the preferred 3D printer head part containing the transmission, extrusion and spraying of organisms.

Reference numerals:

1-a nozzle shell, 2-a coaxial inner column, 3-a blanking disc, 4-a material storage barrel and 5-a printing head;

6-extrusion piston, 7-worm screw rod lifter, 8-servo motor and 9-outer box;

10-X axis moving mechanism, 11-Y axis moving mechanism, 12-Z axis moving mechanism, 13-low temperature working platform and 14-base.

Detailed Description

For better explanation and understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the above drawings and specific examples, which are provided for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention:

as shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, the coaxial nozzle structure of the biological 3D printer of the present invention comprises a nozzle housing 1, a coaxial inner column 2, a discharging tray 3, a storage cylinder 4, a printing head 5, an extruding piston 6, a servo motor 8 and a transmission structure 7; the blanking disc 3 is arranged inside the material storage barrel 4; the coaxial inner column 2 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the blanking disc 3 and is fixed with the blanking disc 3; the spray head shell 1 is positioned at the lower part of the material storage barrel 4 and connected together; the nozzle shell 1 is coaxial with the coaxial inner column 2; the storage cylinder 4 is arranged inside the printing head 5; the printing head 5 is used for loading the storage barrel 4; the bottom of the extrusion piston 6 is matched with the material storage cylinder 4 and is positioned at the upper part of the material storage cylinder 4; the output end of the servo motor 8 is connected with the transmission structure 7, and the transmission structure 7 is connected with the extrusion piston 6 to drive the piston 6 to move up and down.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the nozzle casing 1 is as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 3, the upper portion of the nozzle casing 1 is a hollow cylinder, the lower portion of the nozzle casing 1 is a hollow inverted cone, a boss is arranged at the inner side connection position of the cylinder and the inverted cone, the nozzle is located at the cone tip, the length of the nozzle casing 1 is slightly shorter than that of the coaxial inner column 2, so as to ensure that the material is in a coaxial structure when flowing out, and the inner side of the upper portion of the nozzle casing 1 is provided with an internal thread structure for matching with the external thread of the material storage barrel 4, so as to achieve the connection between the two.

Further, a plurality of shower nozzle shells 1 are designed, namely, the shower nozzle shells 1 are designed, the shower nozzle shells 1 are the same as the storage cylinder 4 in matching part, the difference lies in the difference of the sizes of the hollow inverted cone structures at the lower part, the shells can be conveniently replaced as required, the printing of different outer diameters and wall thickness tubular structures is realized, and the requirements of different functions and use occasions are met.

Furthermore, in the embodiment, the coaxial inner column 2, the blanking disc 3 and the storage cylinder 4 are integrally formed, that is, the coaxial inner column 2, the blanking disc 3 and the storage cylinder 4 are a part, so that when the coaxial inner column, the blanking disc and the storage cylinder are installed in a matching manner with other parts, the coaxiality can be well ensured; the material storage barrel 4 is integrally cylindrical, an external thread structure is arranged at the lower part of the material storage barrel, and the external thread structure is connected with the internal thread of the sprayer shell 1 through threads; the lower material tray 3 is positioned on the inner side of the material storage barrel 4 and positioned at the upper part of the external thread structure, four uniformly-arranged fan-shaped holes are formed in the lower material tray 3 for allowing materials to flow out, the coaxial inner column 2 is positioned in the center of the bottom of the lower material tray 3, the connected coaxial inner column 2 penetrates through the interior of the sprayer shell 1, and the head part of the coaxial inner column 2 slightly extends out of the sprayer shell 1; and further, the bottom of the coaxial inner column 2 is of an inverted cone structure, and the diameter of the inverted cone structure is slightly larger than that of the cylindrical part of the coaxial inner column 2.

Furthermore, the spray head shell is connected with the storage cylinder through threads, and the position of the spray head shell is finely adjusted up and down to adapt to the inverted cone structure at the bottom of the coaxial inner column, so that the printing inner diameter size can be adjusted, the size adjusting operation is simplified, and the printing processing range of the spray head is expanded.

Furthermore, the maximum storage capacity of the storage cylinder 4 is smaller than the maximum volume of the storage cylinder 4, a cavity is reserved in the cylinder after the biological ink material is added, and the volume of the cavity is slightly larger than the partial volume of the sprayer housing 1, so that the material can be completely extruded.

Furthermore, the printing head 5 is also in a cylindrical shape, a slot for loading the storage barrel 4 and the nozzle is arranged in the middle of the printing head, and a material barrel fastening screw structure is arranged on the side surface of the printing head and used for fastening the storage barrel 4 to prevent shaking; the interior is provided with a material heating device which heats the biological material to maintain the colloid shape during the work; the top of the printing head 5 is provided with a sliding rail structure, and the printing head 5 is mounted and dismounted by matching with a sliding groove at the bottom of the box body 9 provided with the extrusion piston 6 and the transmission structure 7, namely the printing head 5 is fixed at the bottom of the box body 9.

Further, as shown in fig. 8, the size of the extrusion piston 6 is matched with the inner wall of the material storage cylinder 4, material extrusion is realized through the inner cavity of the compression cylinder, the farthest stroke of the piston can reach the discharging plate 3, the material is completely extruded out of the material storage cylinder 4 and the nozzle at the moment due to the reserved cavity during charging, and the extrusion piston 6 is provided with a screw thread matched with the transmission structure 7. Preferably, in this embodiment, the transmission structure 7 is a worm screw elevator 7, the transmission structure 7 is connected to an output end of the servo motor 8, the rotation of the motor is changed into the up-and-down movement of the piston 6, the transmission structure 7 and the extrusion piston 6 are installed in a box 9 with a chute at the bottom, and the box 9 is fixedly connected to an X-axis moving mechanism 10 of the biological 3D printer. The XY-axis moving mechanism 11 controls the position of the spray head part in a plane, the Z-axis moving mechanism 12 controls the position of the low-temperature workbench, and the three axes are linked to realize the position change of the spray head in space.

As shown in fig. 9, the biological 3D printer further includes an X-axis moving mechanism 10, a Y-axis moving mechanism 11, a Z-axis moving mechanism 12, a low-temperature working platform 13, and a base 14; the low-temperature working platform 13 is fixed on the Z-axis moving mechanism 12, and the X-axis moving mechanism 10 and the Y-axis moving mechanism 11 are positioned above the low-temperature working platform 13 and are also arranged on the base 14; the coaxial nozzle structure of the biological 3D printer is arranged on an X-axis moving mechanism 10 and a Y-axis moving mechanism 11, and an X, Y, Z-axis moving mechanism is used for realizing the movement of the biological 3D printer in three directions of XYZ.

The utility model also provides a method for installing the coaxial type spray head and adjusting the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the coaxial type spray head, which is suitable for tubular structure printing and is used for a biological 3D printer with adjustable printing size, and the method comprises the following steps:

1. and selecting a proper coaxial inner column 2 according to the requirement of the inner diameter, and selecting a proper sprayer housing 1 according to the requirement of the outer diameter.

2. The spray head shell 1 and the storage cylinder 4 are connected through a thread structure, and the thread is screwed to the bottom as an initial position.

3. After adding appropriate amount of novel biological ink material in storage cylinder 4, load and beat 5 slots of printer head, utilize feed cylinder fastening screw structure fixed storage cylinder 4 positions, will beat printer head 5 and be connected with box 9 through the spout slide rail, storage cylinder 4 is relative with extrusion piston 6.

4. The inner diameter of the printed tubular structure can be adjusted by screwing or unscrewing the thread parts of the spray head shell 1 and the storage cylinder 4, and the outer diameter of the printed tubular structure can be adjusted by replacing the spray head shell 1.

When different inner and outer diameters need to be printed, the spray head shell 1 can be replaced or the spray head shell 1 can be screwed down and unscrewed through the installation and replacement method.

The utility model also provides a concrete working process of the biological 3D printer (shown in figure 9) loaded with the coaxial spray head, which comprises the following steps:

when the printing work is started and carried out, the nozzle is moved and positioned through a transmission mechanism of XYZ axes of the biological 3D printer, and the biological ink material in the storage barrel 4 is heated and kept colloidal through a heating device in the printing head 5. After the material extruding device reaches the designated working position, the servo motor 8 drives the extruding piston 6 to move downwards through the worm gear lead screw lifter 7, the extruding piston 6 is in contact with the inner wall of the material storage cylinder 4 to form a closed cavity, and the speed of extruding is controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the servo motor 8. As the squeeze piston 6 continues to move downward, the high pressure created by the compressed gas causes the biomaterial in the accumulator 4 to be squeezed downward. The material flows into the spray head shell 1 through the fan-shaped holes of the blanking disc 3, continues to flow downwards in a coaxial circular ring shape in the shell due to the blocking of the coaxial inner column 2, then enters the inverted cone-shaped part at the bottom of the shell to form a coaxial structure with the required inner diameter and outer diameter at the nozzle, and finally leaves the nozzle through the material heated by the printing head 5 to contact with the low-temperature working platform 13 for solidification and forming to form a tubular structure product.

Claims

1. A coaxial nozzle structure with adjustable printing size is characterized by comprising a nozzle shell, a coaxial inner column, a blanking disc, a storage cylinder, a printing head, an extrusion piston, a servo motor and a transmission structure;

the sprayer shell is connected with the lower part of the storage barrel, a blanking disc is arranged in the storage barrel, the bottom of the blanking disc is connected with a coaxial inner column, the coaxial inner column penetrates through the sprayer shell and is coaxially arranged with the sprayer shell, and the coaxial inner column, the blanking disc and the storage barrel are of an integral structure; the printing head is used for loading the storage barrel; the extrusion piston is connected with the storage cylinder, is positioned at the upper part of the storage cylinder and drives the storage cylinder to move up and down; the servo motor drives the extrusion piston to move up and down through the transmission structure.

2. The coaxial nozzle structure with adjustable printing size of claim 1, wherein the blanking tray is provided with a plurality of fan-shaped holes which are uniformly arranged for material to flow out.

3. The coaxial nozzle structure with adjustable printing size of claim 1, wherein the coaxial inner column is fixed in the center of the blanking tray, the bottom of the coaxial inner column is in an inverted cone shape, and the diameter of the inverted cone structure is larger than that of the cylindrical part of the coaxial inner column.

4. The coaxial nozzle structure with adjustable printing size of claim 3, wherein the upper part of the nozzle shell is hollow cylinder, the lower part is hollow inverted cone, a boss is arranged at the inner side connection part of the cylinder and the inverted cone, and the length of the nozzle shell is shorter than that of the coaxial inner column; and the minimum inner diameter of the hollow inverted cone is larger than the maximum diameter of the inverted cone structure of the coaxial inner column.

5. The coaxial nozzle structure with adjustable printing size of claim 1, wherein the nozzle shell is matched with the storage cylinder through threads.

6. The coaxial nozzle structure with adjustable printing size of claim 1, wherein the maximum storage capacity of the storage cylinder is less than the maximum volume of the storage cylinder, a cavity is left in the cylinder after the bio-ink material is added, and the volume of the cavity is greater than the partial volume of the nozzle shell.

7. The coaxial nozzle structure with adjustable printing size of claim 1, wherein the middle of the printing head is a slot for loading a storage barrel, and the side surface is provided with a barrel fastening screw structure; the inside is equipped with material heating device, beats printer head top and is equipped with slide rail structure, with the spout cooperation of the bottom half of the box that is equipped with piston and transmission structure.

8. The coaxial type nozzle structure with adjustable printing size of claim 1, wherein the size of the nozzle housing is modularized.

9. A 3D printer comprising the coaxial nozzle structure with adjustable printing size of any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The 3D printer of claim 9, comprising an X-axis movement mechanism, a Y-axis movement mechanism, a Z-axis movement mechanism, a cryogenic working platform, a base; the Z-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the base and drives the low-temperature working platform to move in the Z direction; the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism drive the front coaxial type spray head structure to move in the X direction and the Y direction; the base is used for supporting the whole device.