CN215765076U - Low-nitrogen combustion device and combustion system of semi-coke tail gas boiler - Google Patents

Low-nitrogen combustion device and combustion system of semi-coke tail gas boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN215765076U
CN215765076U CN202121395515.8U CN202121395515U CN215765076U CN 215765076 U CN215765076 U CN 215765076U CN 202121395515 U CN202121395515 U CN 202121395515U CN 215765076 U CN215765076 U CN 215765076U
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pipe
air
venturi nozzle
wall
tail gas
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吴林
汪文哲
潘鹏
胡方一
杨文海
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Wuhan Wuguo Energy Engineering Co ltd
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Wuhan Wuguo Energy Engineering Co ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a semi-coke tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device and a combustion system, wherein the combustion device comprises a central air pipe, a gas pipe, a hot air pipe and a Venturi nozzle which are coaxially arranged, the gas pipe is attached to the outer wall of the central air pipe, the gas pipe comprises a straight pipe section and a conical pipe section behind the straight pipe section, the hot air pipe is attached to the outer wall of the straight pipe section of the gas pipe, the rear end of the hot air pipe is coaxially and hermetically connected with the Venturi nozzle, the conical pipe section is circumferentially surrounded by the Venturi nozzle, a separation pipe is coaxially arranged between the Venturi nozzle and the conical pipe section, an outer direct-flow air channel is formed between the inner wall of the Venturi nozzle and the outer wall of the separation pipe, an inner rotational-flow air channel is formed between the inner wall of the separation pipe and the outer wall of the gas pipe, and an air distributor is arranged in the inner rotational-flow air channel. According to the utility model, the fuel at the initial stage of combustion is intensively mixed with the rotary hot air from the inner swirling air duct for stable combustion, and is converged with the direct-flow hot air from the outer direct-flow air duct after the combustion is stable, so that the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides is reduced.

Description

Low-nitrogen combustion device and combustion system of semi-coke tail gas boiler
Technical Field
The utility model relates to boiler combustion equipment, in particular to a low-nitrogen combustion device and a low-nitrogen combustion system for a semi-coke tail gas boiler.
Background
The semi-coke tail gas is the tail gas produced in the semi-coke production process of a semi-coke furnace in the coal chemical industry, and about 700 cubic meters of tail gas can be produced when one ton of semi-coke is produced. In order to recover a large amount of semi-coke tail gas, a common industrial method is to construct a gas boiler using the semi-coke tail gas as fuel, and convert the heat energy of the semi-coke tail gas into steam for power generation or heat supply.
The main component of the semi-coke tail gas is N2,H2,CO,CH4Etc. and also contains tar, dust, sulfide and other impurities, and is characterized by inert gas N2High content (up to 50%), low heat value (about 1500-2000 kCal/Nm)3). At present, the air distribution of the burning device of the semi-coke tail gas boiler is full rotational flow, namely, the air distribution outlet airflow completely belongs to strong rotational airflow, the semi-coke tail gas and air are mixed strongly, the heat load is concentrated after burning, local high temperature points are easy to generate, and more nitrogen oxides are generated. Meanwhile, because the arrangement type and the control means of the combustion device are simple, the combustion is in an oxygen-rich stateFurther increasing the concentration of nitrogen oxides emitted. Therefore, the existing combustion apparatus and combustion system are difficult to satisfy the increasingly strict environmental standards.
Therefore, there is a need for a low-nitrogen combustion device and a low-nitrogen combustion system for a semi-coke tail gas boiler, which have a simple structure, can stably combust and can reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the defects of the background technology and provide a low-nitrogen combustion device and a low-nitrogen combustion system of a semi-coke tail gas boiler, which have the advantages of simple structure, stable combustion and capability of reducing the generation of nitrogen oxides.
The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: a low-nitrogen combustion device of a semi-coke tail gas boiler is characterized by comprising a central air pipe, a gas pipe, a hot air pipe and a Venturi nozzle which are coaxially arranged, wherein the rear end of the Venturi nozzle is communicated with a water-cooled wall of a hearth and the inner diameter of the Venturi nozzle is uniformly contracted backwards in the axial direction,
the central air pipe and the hot air pipe are straight pipes with uniform inner diameters, the gas pipe is attached to the outer wall of the central air pipe, the gas pipe comprises a straight pipe section and a conical pipe section behind the straight pipe section, the inner diameter of the conical pipe section axially shrinks backwards uniformly, the hot air pipe is attached to the outer wall of the straight pipe section of the gas pipe, the rear end of the hot air pipe is coaxially and hermetically connected with the Venturi nozzle, the Venturi nozzle circumferentially surrounds the conical pipe section, a separation pipe is coaxially arranged between the Venturi nozzle and the conical pipe section, an outer direct-current air channel is formed between the inner wall of the Venturi nozzle and the outer wall of the separation pipe, an inner rotational-flow air channel is formed between the inner wall of the separation pipe and the outer wall of the conical pipe section, and an air distributor is arranged in the inner rotational-flow air channel;
the central air pipe is provided with a first air inlet mechanism for conveying hot air, the gas pipe is provided with a second air inlet mechanism for conveying semi-coke tail gas, and the hot air pipe is provided with a third air inlet mechanism for conveying hot air.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the separation pipe uniformly shrinks backwards in the axial direction, and the conical surfaces formed by the Venturi nozzle, the separation pipe and the conical pipe section shrinking backwards in the axial direction are parallel to each other.
Preferably, the outer wall of the separation pipe is provided with a plurality of connection lugs at intervals, and the connection lugs are welded with the inner wall of the venturi nozzle.
Preferably, the front end of the central air pipe, the front end of the gas pipe and the front end of the hot air pipe are sequentially arranged backwards, an ignition mechanism is arranged inside the front end of the central air pipe, and the front ends of the gas pipe and the hot air pipe are radially sealed.
Preferably, the rear end of the central air pipe, the rear end of the gas pipe and the rear end of the venturi nozzle are axially aligned.
Preferably, the first air inlet mechanism comprises a first pipeline which is radially connected to the central air pipe, and a first air door mechanism is arranged on the first pipeline and used for adjusting the air inlet volume.
Preferably, the second air inlet mechanism comprises a second pipeline which is radially connected to the straight pipe section of the gas pipe.
Preferably, the third air inlet mechanism comprises a third pipeline which is radially connected to the hot air pipe, and a second air door mechanism for adjusting the air inlet amount is arranged on the third pipeline.
Preferably, the venturi nozzle rear end is connected with first sealing device, first sealing device be equipped with hole and the coaxial butt joint of venturi nozzle just the hole is from starting its diameter axial with the venturi nozzle junction and evenly expanding backward, first sealing device is fixed in on the furnace water-cooling wall, still be equipped with the condition of catching fire that the fire detection device is used for detecting the venturi nozzle in the first sealing device.
The utility model also provides a combustion system, which comprises any one of the semi-coke tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device and an over-fire air burner, wherein the over-fire air burner is positioned above the semi-coke tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device, the over-fire air burner comprises an over-fire air duct, an over-fire air nozzle and an air damper, the over-fire air nozzle is coaxially connected with the rear end of the over-fire air duct, the inner diameter of the over-fire air nozzle is axially and uniformly contracted backwards, the rear end of the over-fire air nozzle is coaxially connected with a second sealing device, the second sealing device is fixed on a water-cooled wall of a hearth, and the air damper is arranged at the front end of the over-fire air duct and used for controlling the air intake.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. blue charcoal tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device sets up the spacer tube in the venturi nozzle, form outer direct current wind channel, interior whirl wind channel with venturi nozzle and burning intertube, in addition burning pipe and central tuber pipe, consequently gaseous from interior to exterior is central wind in proper order, blue charcoal tail gas of direct current, the whirl is hot-blast, the direct current is hot-blast, the burning is stabilized with the rotatory hot-blast intensive mixing that interior whirl wind channel came out to the initial stage fuel of burning, wait to burn and converge with the direct current hot-blast that outer direct current wind channel came out again after stabilizing, make total whirl intensity descend, delay the combustion process, in order to prevent that the burning heat is concentrated in a large number and can't release away, reduce the production of heating power type nitrogen oxide.
2. Blue charcoal tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device accessible first air door mechanism, second air door mechanism adjust to optimum amount of wind ratio, reduce nitrogen oxide's emission in a large number when guaranteeing stable burning.
3. The combustion system adopts air classification, is provided with an over-fire air burner, firstly sprays most hot air into the low-nitrogen combustion device of the semi-coke tail gas boiler during combustion, and the rest hot air is sprayed into an over-fire area in a delayed manner, so that the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides is reduced.
4. The over-fire air burner can be adjusted to the most suitable air quantity ratio through the air adjusting door, and the emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced. The combustion system has the advantages of compact structure, stable combustion, large regulation ratio, good flame spreadability, high combustion efficiency, easy combustion control, good low-nitrogen effect and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a low-nitrogen combustion device of a semi-coke tail gas boiler (axial cross section view)
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the point A in FIG. 1
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a combustion system
Wherein: the air distribution system comprises a central air pipe 2, a gas pipe 3, a hot air pipe 4, a Venturi nozzle 5, a separating pipe 6, an outer direct-current air channel 7, a cyclone air channel 8, an air distributor 9, a first pipeline 10, a second pipeline 11, a third pipeline 12, a first air door mechanism 13, a second air door mechanism 14, a first sealing device 15, a hearth water-cooled wall 16, a fire detection device 21, a straight pipe section 22, a conical pipe section 31, an over-fire air channel 32, an over-fire air nozzle 33, an adjusting air door 34 and a second sealing device.
Detailed Description
The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the low-nitrogen combustion device for a semi-coke tail gas boiler provided by the utility model comprises a central air pipe 1, a gas pipe 2, a hot air pipe 3 and a venturi nozzle 4 which are coaxially arranged, wherein the central air pipe 1, the gas pipe 2 and the hot air pipe 3 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the rear end of the venturi nozzle 4 is communicated with a furnace water-cooled wall 15, the inner diameter of the venturi nozzle is uniformly contracted towards the rear, the axial direction in the embodiment is the same as the front direction and the rear direction, and is the left direction and the right direction in fig. 1-3, and the gas flow direction in the embodiment is the front direction to the rear direction, and is the left direction and the right direction in fig. 1-3.
The central air duct 1, the hot-blast main 3 is the straight tube of internal diameter homogeneous, the setting of the 1 outer wall of central air duct of gas pipe 2 laminating, the gas pipe 2 includes the taper pipe section 22 at straight tube section 21 and straight tube section 21 rear, taper pipe section 22 internal diameter axial evenly contracts towards the back, the setting of the 21 outer walls of straight tube section of hot-blast main 3 laminating gas pipe 2, 3 rear ends of hot-blast main and venturi nozzle 4 coaxial sealing connection, venturi nozzle 4 surrounds taper pipe section 22 circumference and venturi nozzle 4 and taper pipe section 22 are coaxial to be equipped with divider 5 within a definite time, form outer straight air duct 6 between venturi nozzle 4 inner wall and divider 5 outer wall, form interior whirl wind channel 7 between divider 5 inner wall and taper pipe section 22 outer wall, be equipped with air distributor 8 in interior whirl wind channel 7. The inner diameter of the separating pipe 5 shrinks uniformly towards the back, and the conical surfaces formed by the venturi nozzle 4, the separating pipe 5 and the conical pipe section 22 shrinking towards the back are parallel to each other. A plurality of connecting lugs (not shown in the figure) are arranged on the outer wall of the separation pipe 5 at intervals and are welded with the inner wall of the Venturi nozzle 4.
The central air pipe 1 is provided with a first air inlet mechanism for conveying hot air, the gas pipe 2 is provided with a second air inlet mechanism for conveying semi-coke tail gas, and the hot air pipe 3 is provided with a third air inlet mechanism for conveying hot air. The first air inlet mechanism comprises a first pipeline 9 which is radially connected to the central air pipe 1, and a first air door mechanism 12 is arranged on the first pipeline 9 and used for adjusting the air inlet volume.
The second air intake mechanism comprises a second pipeline 10 radially connected to a straight pipe section 21 of the gas pipe 2. The third air inlet mechanism comprises a third pipeline 11 which is radially connected to the hot air pipe 3, and a second air door mechanism 13 is arranged on the third pipeline 11 and used for adjusting the air inlet quantity.
The front end of the central air pipe 1, the front end of the gas pipe 2 and the front end of the hot air pipe 3 are arranged backwards in sequence, the first pipeline 9 is positioned on the central air pipe 1 in front of the gas pipe 2, and the second pipeline 10 is positioned on the straight pipe section 21 in front of the hot air pipe 3. An ignition mechanism (not shown in the figure) is arranged inside the front end of the central air pipe 1, and the front ends of the gas pipe 2 and the hot air pipe 3 are radially sealed. The rear end of the central air pipe 1, the rear end of the gas pipe 2 and the rear end of the venturi nozzle 4 are axially aligned.
The rear end of the venturi nozzle 4 is connected with a first sealing device 14, the first sealing device 14 is provided with an inner hole 17 which is in coaxial butt joint with the venturi nozzle 4, the diameter of the inner hole 17 is uniformly expanded backwards from the joint with the rear end of the venturi nozzle 4 along the axial direction, the first sealing device 14 is fixed on a hearth water-cooled wall 15, and a fire detection device 16 is further arranged in the first sealing device 14 and used for detecting the ignition condition of the venturi nozzle 4.
In the embodiment, the contraction angle of the venturi nozzle 4 is 10-15 degrees (namely the included angle between the generatrix and the central axis), and the flaring angle of the position of the inner hole 17 which is uniformly expanded backwards in the axial direction is 20-45 degrees. The air distributor 8 is composed of a plurality of axial swirl blades, the number of the swirl blades is 8-25, the swirl blades are uniformly distributed along the central axis, and the angle between the installation angle of each blade and the central axis is 25-70 degrees. The air distribution proportion of the hot air entering the central air pipe 1 to the low-nitrogen combustion device of the semi-coke tail gas boiler is 5-10%, and the air distribution proportion of the hot air entering the hot air pipe 3 to the low-nitrogen combustion device of the semi-coke tail gas boiler is 90-95%.
In this embodiment, blue charcoal tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device can be according to boiler evaporation capacity's size, carry out one deck or multilayer and arrange on furnace water- cooling wall 15, 2 ~ 4 platforms can be arranged on every layer, the low-nitrogen combustion device symmetric distribution of a plurality of blue charcoal tail gas boilers on every layer is in 15 horizontal both sides of furnace water-cooling wall, 8 its rotation direction of air distributor of both sides is opposite and be towards every layer center department when upwards rotating, thereby improve the rising velocity of furnace both sides flue gas, slow down the rising velocity of furnace middle part flue gas, thereby make the flue gas at furnace's distribution and rising velocity more even, it is more abundant to guarantee to burn, reduce nitrogen oxide's formation.
As shown in fig. 3, this embodiment still provides a combustion system, including above-mentioned blue charcoal tail gas boiler low nitrogen burner and the over fire air combustor, the over fire air combustor is located blue charcoal tail gas boiler low nitrogen burner's top, the over fire air combustor is including over fire air duct 31, over fire air spout 32, damper 33, over fire air spout 32 coaxial coupling is in over fire air duct 31 axial rear end and its internal diameter axial backward evenly shrink, over fire air spout 32 rear end circumference is connected with second sealing device 34, second sealing device 34 is fixed in on furnace water-cooling wall 15, damper 33 sets up and is used for controlling the intake in over fire air duct 31 front end.
In the combustion system, the over-fire air device is arranged at 2-4 m above the low-nitrogen combustion device of the semi-coke tail gas boiler, the hot air main supplies hot air to the over-fire air device and the low-nitrogen combustion device of the semi-coke tail gas boiler, the air quantity entering the over-fire air device accounts for 20% -40% of the total air quantity supplied by the hot air main, and the flow area of the outer direct-current air channel 6 of the low-nitrogen combustion device of the semi-coke tail gas boiler accounts for 20-30% of the flow area of the hot air main.
The working principle of the combustion system is as follows:
the hot air provided by the hot air main pipe is divided into three parts: central air, secondary air and overfire air. Central air enters the central air pipe 1, secondary air enters the hot air pipe 3 from the third pipeline 11, over-fire air enters the over-fire air duct 31, semi-coke tail gas enters the gas pipe 2 from the second pipeline 10, and the semi-coke tail gas and hot air are mixed and then sprayed into a hearth for combustion. Because the outer direct-current air duct 6 and the inner rotational-flow air duct 7 are formed between the venturi nozzle 4 and the conical tube section 22 of the combustion tube 2, secondary air is divided into rotational-flow hot air and direct-current hot air, fuel at the initial stage of combustion is intensively mixed with the rotary hot air from the inner rotational-flow air duct 7 to be stably combusted, and the fuel is converged with the direct-current hot air from the outer direct-current air duct 6 after the combustion is stable, so that the total rotational-flow strength is reduced, the combustion process is delayed, a large amount of concentrated combustion heat is prevented from being released, and the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides is reduced.

Claims (10)

1. A semi-coke tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device is characterized by comprising a central air pipe (1), a gas pipe (2), a hot air pipe (3) and a Venturi nozzle (4) which are coaxially arranged, wherein the rear end of the Venturi nozzle (4) is communicated with a hearth water-cooled wall (15) and the inner diameter of the Venturi nozzle is uniformly contracted backwards in the axial direction,
the central air pipe (1) and the hot air pipe (3) are straight pipes with uniform inner diameters, the gas pipe (2) is attached to the outer wall of the central air pipe (1), the gas pipe (2) comprises a straight pipe section (21) and a conical pipe section (22) at the rear of the straight pipe section (21), the inner diameter of the conical pipe section (22) axially shrinks backwards uniformly, the straight pipe section (21) outer wall of the hot air pipe (3) is attached to the gas pipe (2), the rear end of the hot air pipe (3) is coaxially and hermetically connected with the venturi nozzle (4), the venturi nozzle (4) surrounds the conical pipe section (22) in the circumferential direction, a separation pipe (5) is coaxially arranged between the venturi nozzle (4) and the conical pipe section (22), an outer straight air duct (6) is formed between the inner wall of the venturi nozzle (4) and the outer wall of the separation pipe (5), an inner air duct cyclone (7) is formed between the inner wall of the separation pipe (5) and the outer wall of the conical pipe section (22), an air distributor (8) is arranged in the inner swirling air duct (7);
be equipped with on central tuber pipe (1) and be used for carrying hot-blast first air inlet mechanism, be equipped with the second air inlet mechanism that is used for carrying blue charcoal tail gas on gas pipe (2), be equipped with on hot-blast main (3) and be used for carrying hot-blast third air inlet mechanism.
2. The semi-coke tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the inner diameter of the separating tube (5) is uniformly contracted towards the back in the axial direction, and the conical surfaces formed by the venturi nozzle (4), the separating tube (5) and the conical tube section (22) which are contracted towards the back in the axial direction are parallel to each other.
3. The semi-coke tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of lugs are arranged on the outer wall of the separation pipe (5) at intervals, and the lugs are welded with the inner wall of the venturi nozzle (4).
4. The semi-coke tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front end of the central air pipe (1), the front end of the gas pipe (2) and the front end of the hot air pipe (3) are sequentially arranged towards the rear, an ignition mechanism is arranged inside the front end of the central air pipe (1), and the front ends of the gas pipe (2) and the hot air pipe (3) are radially closed.
5. The semi-coke tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the rear end of the central air pipe (1), the rear end of the gas pipe (2) and the rear end of the venturi nozzle (4) are axially aligned.
6. The blue charcoal tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first air intake mechanism comprises a first pipeline (9) radially connected to the central air pipe (1), and a first air door mechanism (12) is arranged on the first pipeline (9) for adjusting the air intake.
7. The semi-coke tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the second air intake means comprises a second duct (10) radially connected to the straight tube section (21) of the gas tube (2).
8. The semi-coke tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the third air intake mechanism comprises a third pipeline (11) radially connected to the hot blast pipe (3), and a second air door mechanism (13) is arranged on the third pipeline (11) for adjusting the air intake.
9. The semi-coke tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a first sealing device (14) is connected to the rear end of the venturi nozzle (4), the first sealing device (14) is provided with an inner hole (17) which is coaxially butted with the venturi nozzle (4), the diameter of the inner hole (17) is axially and uniformly enlarged backwards from the joint of the inner hole and the venturi nozzle (4), the first sealing device (14) is fixed on a furnace water wall (15), and a fire detection device (16) is further arranged in the first sealing device (14) and used for detecting the ignition condition of the venturi nozzle (4).
10. A combustion system, comprising the blue charcoal tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device and the over-fire air burner as set forth in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the over-fire air burner is located above the blue charcoal tail gas boiler low-nitrogen combustion device, the over-fire air burner comprises an over-fire air duct (31), an over-fire air nozzle (32) and a damper (33), the over-fire air nozzle (32) is coaxially connected to the back end of the over-fire air duct (31) and the inner diameter of the over-fire air nozzle is axially and uniformly contracted backwards, the back end of the over-fire air nozzle (32) is coaxially connected with a second sealing device (34), the second sealing device (34) is fixed on a furnace water wall (15), and the damper (33) is arranged at the front end of the over-fire air duct (31) and is used for controlling the air intake.
CN202121395515.8U 2021-06-22 2021-06-22 Low-nitrogen combustion device and combustion system of semi-coke tail gas boiler Active CN215765076U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202121395515.8U CN215765076U (en) 2021-06-22 2021-06-22 Low-nitrogen combustion device and combustion system of semi-coke tail gas boiler

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202121395515.8U CN215765076U (en) 2021-06-22 2021-06-22 Low-nitrogen combustion device and combustion system of semi-coke tail gas boiler

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CN215765076U true CN215765076U (en) 2022-02-08

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