CN215762374U - Brushless motor channel conversion type air blowing and sucking machine based on sliding-mode observer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of blowing and sucking fans, solves the problem that in the prior art, switching between two air ports is needed when the blowing and sucking functions are switched, and is relatively troublesome, and provides a brushless motor channel switching type blowing and sucking fan based on a sliding-mode observer. The brushless motor channel conversion type air blowing and sucking machine based on the sliding-mode observer comprises a fan body, wherein a dust collection cavity is arranged in the fan body; the conversion drum is used for switching an air blowing channel and an air suction channel of the air blowing and sucking fan; the power source cavity is internally provided with a brushless motor; the auxiliary switching mechanism is used for assisting the switching of the air blowing channel and the air suction channel; the conversion barrel and the brushless motor are arranged in the fan body, and the first air port, the conversion barrel, the power source cavity and the second air port are communicated in sequence. Through supplementary shifter and the cooperation of a conversion section of thick bamboo, realize need not to switch the wind gap and can accomplish the pressure-vaccum work, it is more convenient, do benefit to work efficiency and improve.

Description

Brushless motor channel conversion type air blowing and sucking machine based on sliding-mode observer

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of blowing and sucking fans, and particularly relates to a sliding-mode observer-based brushless motor channel conversion type blowing and sucking fan.

Background

Blow the suction fan daily family expenses, the indispensable articles for use of industry, current traditional suction fan generally can set up two fixed wind gaps, one of them wind gap realizes the function of blowing as blowing mouthful, another wind gap realizes dust absorption function as the inlet scoop, often need change between two wind gaps when the function is blown and inhaled in the conversion, it is more troublesome, it is not very convenient to the use in the actual life, to the above-mentioned problem, the suction fan that blows that can realize blowing and inhaling function need not to switch the wind gap has also appeared, but this type of fan opportunity has a problem: when the blowing and sucking fan is in a dust absorption mode, dust and garbage can enter the fan, internal components, especially a motor are polluted, even the large-size garbage can impact the motor, the interior of the blowing and sucking fan is polluted by the garbage and the dust, the motor is damaged, and the normal work and the service life of the blowing and sucking fan are influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, the utility model provides a brushless motor channel conversion type air blowing and sucking machine based on a sliding-mode observer, which is used for solving the problem that dust and garbage in the prior art can enter a fan, damage a motor and other components and influence the normal use of the air blowing and sucking machine.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

the utility model provides a sliding-mode observer-based brushless motor channel conversion type suction and blowing fan, which comprises:

the fan comprises a fan body, wherein a dust collecting cavity is arranged in the fan body, a first air port and a second air port for air inlet and outlet are also arranged on the fan body, and the dust collecting cavity is communicated with the second air port;

the conversion drum is used for switching an air blowing channel and an air suction channel of the air blowing and sucking fan;

the fan-type air conditioner comprises a power source cavity, wherein a brushless motor capable of rotating forward and backward is arranged in the power source cavity, the brushless motor provides power for blowing when rotating forward, the brushless motor provides power for air suction when rotating backward, and an output shaft of the brushless motor is connected with blades;

the auxiliary conversion mechanism is used for assisting the conversion drum to switch the blowing channel and the suction channel of the blowing and sucking fan;

when the conversion drum is switched to the air suction channel, the guide mechanism communicates the air suction channel with the dust collection cavity and is used for guiding dust and garbage into the dust collection cavity;

the conversion barrel and the brushless motor are arranged in the fan body, and the first air port, the conversion barrel, the power source cavity and the second air port are communicated in sequence.

As a preferable solution of the above brushless motor channel switching type suction and blowing fan based on the sliding-mode observer, the guide mechanism includes: the dust collection mechanism is arranged in the guide pipe and used for sucking dust and garbage in the power source cavity into the guide pipe.

As a preferred embodiment of the brushless motor channel switching type suction blower based on the sliding-mode observer, one end of the guide tube is communicated with the dust-collecting cavity, and the end of the guide tube away from the dust-collecting cavity is fixed in the power source cavity.

As a preferred scheme of the brushless motor channel switching type suction and blowing fan based on the sliding-mode observer, when the switching cylinder is switched to the blowing channel, the port position of the guide tube and the bottom end of the blowing channel are on the same horizontal plane;

when the conversion barrel is switched to the air suction channel, the port position of the guide pipe and the bottom end of the air suction channel are positioned on the same horizontal plane.

As a preferable scheme of the brushless motor channel switching type suction and blowing fan based on the sliding-mode observer, a diameter of the first air opening close to one end of the conversion cylinder is larger than a diameter of the first air opening far away from one end of the conversion cylinder, and the first air opening is used for compressing air from the blowing channel.

As a preferred embodiment of the brushless motor channel switching type suction blower based on the sliding-mode observer, the guide tube is obliquely arranged, and one end of the guide tube located in the power source cavity is higher than one end of the guide tube located in the dust collection cavity.

As a preferable scheme of the brushless motor channel switching type suction and blowing fan based on the sliding-mode observer, a dust suction end of the dust suction mechanism is arranged near a port of one end of the guide pipe, which is far away from the dust collection cavity.

As a preferable scheme of the brushless motor channel switching type suction and blowing fan based on the sliding-mode observer, the dust collection mechanism includes: the motor and dust absorption piece, the dust absorption piece sets up the output of motor.

As a preferable aspect of the brushless motor channel switching type suction and blowing fan based on the sliding-mode observer, the auxiliary switching mechanism includes: first elastic component, second elastic component, mounting, trigger and pull rod, the one end of trigger with the second elastic component is connected, the trigger is kept away from the surface of second elastic component with first elastic component is connected, the pull rod also with trigger surface connects, just the pull rod is located first elastic component with between the second elastic component, the second elastic component deviates from the one end of trigger with the mounting is connected.

As a preferred embodiment of the above sliding-mode observer-based brushless motor channel-switching type suction blower, the suction blower further includes a control module, and the control module includes:

the sliding mode observer is arranged in the microprocessor and used for estimating the position and the rotating speed of the brushless motor rotor;

and the inverter circuit is used for controlling the phase change of the brushless motor, one end of the inverter circuit is connected with the microprocessor, and the other end of the inverter circuit is connected with the brushless motor.

In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

the sliding-mode observer-based brushless motor channel conversion type air blowing and sucking machine provided by the utility model realizes the conversion between the air blowing channel and the air sucking channel through the matching between the conversion barrel and the auxiliary conversion mechanism, is very convenient, does not need to distinguish an air suction opening and an air blowing opening as the prior art for an air opening, can be directly shared, has a simpler structure, and can be used as a power source for air suction and an air blowing power source for air blowing by adopting the brushless motor capable of accurately controlling forward and reverse rotation; besides, through setting up guiding mechanism, with dust and rubbish direct introduction to the collection dirt intracavity, avoided rubbish and dust pollution power source chamber, cause the influence to brushless motor, also guarantee under the mode of blowing, the wind that blows out is clean.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and for those skilled in the art, without any creative effort, other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings, and these drawings are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a suction blower in an air blowing mode in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a suction blower in a dust collection mode in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a switch drum in a blowing mode according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a conversion cylinder in a dust suction mode in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary switching mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a control module in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram between a microprocessor and an inverter circuit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic connection diagram of a driving circuit in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a suction blower in embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Parts and numbering in the drawings:

10. a fan body; 11. a dust collection chamber; 111. a filter; 12. a first tuyere; 13. a second tuyere;

20. a conversion drum; 21. a blowing channel; 22. an air suction channel; 23. an annular groove; 231. fixing grooves; 24. a pull rod groove;

30. a power source cavity; 31. a brushless motor;

40. an auxiliary switching mechanism; 41. a dust-proof box; 42. a fixing member; 43. a first elastic member; 44. a second elastic member; 45. a trigger; 46. a pull rod;

50. a control module; 51. a microprocessor; 52. an inverter circuit; 521. an inverter; 522. a drive circuit; 53. an electromotive force detection circuit; 54. a sliding mode observer; 55. a current detector; 56. a low-pass filter; 60. a guide tube.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. In case of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the various features of the embodiments may be combined with each other within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, embodiment 1 of the present invention discloses a brushless motor blower based on a sliding-mode observer 54, and the blower has two operation modes, one is used as a blowing mode of a blower, and the other is used as a dust collection mode of a dust collector. This pressure-vaccum wind machine includes: the fan comprises a fan body 10, a conversion cylinder 20, a power source cavity 30, an auxiliary conversion mechanism 40 and a control module 50. The fan body 10 is in the shape of a pistol, the dust collection chamber 11 is arranged in the fan body 10, when the blowing and sucking fan sucks air, the dust collection chamber 11 can be detached from the fan body 10 by collecting dust and garbage into the dust collection chamber 11, and the dust collection chamber 11 is connected with the fan body 10 through the preferable thread of the connection mode, so that the dust collection chamber is convenient to detach. The blower body 10 is also provided with a first air port 12 and a second air port 13 for air inlet and outlet, and the dust collection chamber 11 is communicated with the second air port 13, so that the air entering the dust collection chamber 11 is discharged through the second air port 13. When the blowing and sucking fan is in a blowing mode, the first air port 12 is used as an air outlet, and the second air port 13 is used as an air inlet; when the blowing and sucking fan is in the dust absorption mode, the first air port 12 is used as an air inlet, the second air port 13 is used as an air outlet, compared with the prior art, the blowing and sucking fan has the advantages that no matter the dust absorption mode or the blowing mode is adopted, the same air port is shared by the blowing and sucking fan, only the air directions are different, the air ports do not need to be switched, and the blowing and sucking fan is more convenient and simpler in structure.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the converting cylinder 20 is provided with two blowing passages 21 and two suction passages 22 in the converting cylinder 20, the converting cylinder 20 performs conversion between the blowing passages 21 and the suction passages 22 through self-rotation, the converting cylinder 20 is disposed in the blower body 10, a shaft is disposed through an axial center of the converting cylinder 20, and the converting cylinder 20 can rotate on the shaft. The surface of the conversion barrel 20 is further provided with an annular groove 23, the annular groove 23 is coaxial with the conversion barrel 20, four fixing grooves 231 are further arranged in the annular groove 23, the four fixing grooves 231 are arranged along the annular direction of the annular groove 23, and the difference between every two adjacent fixing grooves 231 is 90 degrees; a pull rod 46 groove 24 is further formed in the axis of one end, facing the power source cavity 30, of the conversion barrel 20, the pull rod 46 groove 24 is used for being matched with the auxiliary conversion mechanism 40 to drive the conversion barrel 20 to rotate, the pull rod 46 groove 24 has two states in different working modes, when the blowing and sucking fan is in a blowing mode or a natural state, the pull rod 46 groove 24 is in a first state, and the first state refers to a state that the pull rod 46 groove 24 is parallel to a horizontal plane; when the suction blower is in the dust suction mode, the slot 24 of the pull rod 46 is in a second state, and the second state refers to a state that the slot 24 of the pull rod 46 is vertical to the horizontal plane.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a power source chamber 30, a brushless motor 31 disposed in the power source chamber 30, the brushless motor 31 providing power for blowing and sucking air, an output shaft of the brushless motor 31 penetrating the brushless motor 31, and a plurality of blades disposed at both ends of the brushless motor 31 for agitating the air flow to generate wind. Brushless motor 31 is provided with two, be diagonal angle setting in power source chamber 30, brushless motor 31's concrete position corresponds with the position that is in the mode of blowing down and changes on section of thick bamboo 20 the passageway 21 of blowing, brushless motor 31's output shaft is coaxial with the passageway 21 of blowing under this mode promptly, after guaranteeing that the air current produces through brushless motor 31, can be preferentially directly blow to the air outlet through the passageway 21 of blowing, avoid under the mode of blowing, a large amount of clean wind blows out through the passageway 22 that induced drafts, lead to the wind that blows out to dye the dust. When the working mode is switched to the dust suction mode, the switching cylinder 20 rotates to adjust the air suction channel 22 to a position coaxial with the output shaft of the brushless motor 31, so that the sucked air is ensured to preferentially pass through the air suction channel 22, and the air blowing channel 21 is prevented from being polluted.

Referring to fig. 5, the auxiliary switching mechanism 40 is used for assisting the switching drum 20 to switch the blowing channel 21 and the suction channel 22 of the blowing and sucking fan. The assist switching mechanism 40 includes: a dust box 41, a fixing member 42, a first elastic member 43, a second elastic member 44, a trigger 45, and a pull rod 46. The dust-proof box 41 is detachably mounted on the blower body 10, the mounting mode can be selected in various ways, and bolt mounting is preferred in the embodiment. Trigger 45 is crescent, and one of them part sets up in dust-proof box 41, and another part then sets up in dust-proof box 41 outsidely, and trigger 45 adopts to rotate with dust-proof box 41 contact department and is connected, sets up two stopper that are located trigger 45 both sides respectively on trigger 45, stopper and dust-proof box 41 contact for prevent that trigger 45 from directly dropping from dust-proof box 41, and make trigger 45 can carry out and swing through pulling trigger 45. The end of the trigger 45 located in the dust box 41 is connected with the second elastic member 44, the second elastic member 44 is preferably a spring, the end of the second elastic member 44 away from the trigger 45 is connected with the inner wall of the dust box 41, when the trigger 45 is pulled to move towards the direction of the second elastic member 44, the second elastic member 44 is squeezed and compressed, the second elastic member 44 can also play a certain fixed supporting role for the trigger 45, and when the trigger 45 is released, the trigger 45 can be restored to the initial position by the pushing force generated by the restoration deformation of the second elastic member 44. The trigger 45 is also connected to a first elastic member 43 on the surface inside the dust box 41, and the first elastic member 43 preferably has a certain elastic deformation of a metal sheet having a certain bending angle, and the bending angle changes with the movement of the trigger 45, and has a restoring force to the trigger 45. The end of the first resilient member 43 remote from the trigger 45 is connected to a fixed member 42, and the end of the fixed member 42 remote from the first resilient member 43 is located outside the dust box 41 and is received in the slot 24 of the pull rod 46. The shape of the elastic part in the groove 24 of the pull rod 46 matches the shape of the fixing groove 231, and the elastic part can be clamped in the fixing groove 231. When the trigger 45 is not pulled, and the air suction blower is in the air blowing mode, the fixing piece 42 is clamped in the fixing groove 231 and used for limiting the rotation of the conversion cylinder 20, so that air can pass through the air blowing channel 21; when the trigger 45 is pulled, the suction/blowing fan enters the dust suction mode, the first elastic member 43 pulls the fixing member 42 out of the fixing groove 231, so that the fixing member 42 is located in the groove 24 of the pull rod 46, and the fixing member 42 is prevented from obstructing the rotation of the conversion cylinder 20. The trigger 45 is also connected to a pull rod 46 on the surface inside the dust box 41, the pull rod 46 being in the shape of a hoe divided into a horizontal part and a vertical part. The pull rod 46 is located between the first elastic member 43 and the second elastic member 44, and the vertical portion thereof is connected to the surface of the trigger 45, and the horizontal portion thereof passes through the dust box 41 and is located inside the power source chamber 30, and the horizontal portion thereof is in contact with the slot 24 of the pull rod 46 at the side of the conversion tube 20. When the pull rod 46 moves, the horizontal portion of the pull rod 46 can move in the slot 24 of the pull rod 46, and the slot 24 of the pull rod 46 is driven to rotate. When the trigger 45 is not pulled, the air blowing and sucking machine is in an air blowing mode at the moment, the pull rod 46 groove 24 is horizontal to the horizontal plane, and the horizontal part of the pull rod 46 is positioned at one end of the pull rod 46 groove 24 and is abutted to the pull rod 46 groove 24; when the trigger 45 is pulled, the air suction blower enters a dust collection mode, the pull rod 46 moves upwards along with the pulling of the trigger 45, the pull rod 46 groove 24 is pushed to rotate, the conversion cylinder 20 is driven to rotate, the pull rod 46 groove 24 rotates from a horizontal state to a state vertical to a horizontal plane, the air suction channel 22 is coaxial with the output shaft of the brushless motor 31, and channel switching is completed; when the trigger 45 is released, the trigger 45 returns to the initial state, and the pull rod 46 moves downward, so that the slot 24 of the pull rod 46 is converted from the initial state perpendicular to the horizontal plane to the initial state parallel to the horizontal plane.

And the control module 50 is used for controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the brushless motor 31, and the control module 50 is electrically connected with the brushless motor 31. The control module 50 includes: microprocessor 51, inverter circuit 52 and position sensor. The microprocessor 51 is internally provided with a speed control module 50, when the reference speed input from the outside is not equal to the actual rotating speed of the brushless motor 31, the microprocessor 51 can obtain the difference value between the reference speed and the actual rotating speed, the signal is transmitted to the speed control module 50, and the speed control module 50 readjusts the actual rotating speed of the brushless motor 31, so that the actual rotating speed can always track the given reference speed. One end of the position sensor for acquiring signals is connected with the brushless motor 31 and used for acquiring the position of the magnetic pole in the brushless motor 31 relative to the stator winding, and the other end of the position sensor is connected with the microprocessor 51 and used for transmitting the position information of the rotor in the brushless motor 31 to the microprocessor 51. The signal output end of the microprocessor 51 is connected to the inverter circuit 52, and transmits the position information of the rotor to the inverter circuit 52, and the output end of the inverter circuit 52 is connected to the stator winding of the brushless motor 31 to control the stator winding corresponding to the position of the rotor to be energized. When the rotor reaches a certain specific position, the inverter circuit 52 controls the corresponding stator winding to be powered on after receiving the position information, and controls the brushless motor 31 to rotate continuously, so as to drive the fan blades on the shaft rod to rotate and generate wind. The positive and negative rotation of the brushless motor 31 can be realized by changing the electrifying sequence of the stator winding in the brushless motor 31, namely, the blowing and suction functions of the blowing and suction fan are realized. The fan adopts the brushless motor 31, and compared with a brush motor, because no brush exists, the generation of sparks, abrasion, energy loss and larger noise can be avoided.

Further, a filter 111 for filtering dust is provided in the dust collecting chamber 11, and in the dust suction mode, wind and dust are sucked into the blower body 10, and the dust and dust enter the dust collecting chamber 11.

Further, the first tuyere 12 has a funnel shape, i.e., the diameter of one end of the first tuyere 12 is larger than that of the other end. When the air blowing device is in a blowing mode, air enters from one end with a large diameter to one end with a small diameter, and the air volume is compressed, so that the pressure blown by the air is enhanced. Still be equipped with the great filter screen in aperture at the big one end department of diameter, screen the great rubbish of volume ratio, prevent that it from blockking up induced draft passageway 22 or damaging brushless motor 31, later take off first wind gap 12 from fan body 10 again, can empty great rubbish.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

the brushless motor 31 blowing and sucking fan based on the sliding-mode observer 54 provided by the embodiment of the utility model has two working modes, namely a blowing mode and a dust collection mode; the working principles of the two working modes are described below:

in the blowing mode, the brushless motor 31 is started to rotate forwards, the blades stir, air flow is sucked into the actuating force source cavity 30 from the second air port 13, a certain heat dissipation effect can be achieved on the brushless motor 31 in the actuating force source cavity 30, and then the air flow is blown out from the first air port 12 through the blowing channel 21, so that blowing work is completed;

in the dust collection mode, firstly, the trigger 45 is pulled, the fixing piece 42 is separated from the fixing groove 231, the limitation on the rotation of the conversion cylinder 20 is cancelled, the pull rod 46 starts to move in the pull rod 46 groove 24 along with the pulling of the trigger 45, so that the pull rod 46 groove 24 is driven to be changed from the horizontal state to the vertical state, and the conversion cylinder 20 rotates, so that the air suction channel 22 is coaxial with the output shaft of the brushless motor 31; then the brushless motor 31 is controlled to be started reversely through the control module 50, the blades are stirred reversely, air flow is sucked from the first air port 12, enters the power source cavity 30 through the air suction channel 22, enters the second air port 13 and is discharged, and garbage can fall into the dust collection cavity 11; finally, the trigger 45 is released, the pull rod 46 returns to the initial position, the slot 24 of the pull rod 46 and the conversion cylinder 20 also return to the initial state, the slot 24 of the pull rod 46 is parallel to the horizontal plane, the fixing piece 42 is clamped with the fixing slot 231 again, and the work flow is finished.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 6 to 8, the brushless motor 31 blowing and sucking fan based on the sliding-mode observer 54 in embodiment 2 of the present invention is improved on the basis of embodiment 1.

Specifically, the control module 50 is modified such that the circuits involved in the control module can be implemented as hardware circuits or as existing software programs. The control module 50 includes: the brushless motor 31 comprises a microprocessor 51, an inverter circuit 52 and an electromotive force detection circuit 53 for detecting the electromotive force of the brushless motor 31, the microprocessor 51 is internally provided with a sliding mode observer 54 for calculating the rotating speed of the brushless motor 31 and determining the magnetic pole position of the rotor of the brushless motor 31 and a speed controller for controlling the rotating speed of the brushless motor 31, and the sliding observer is a dynamic system for obtaining a state variable estimated value according to the measured values of external variables (output variables and input variables) of the system. The electromotive force detection circuit 53 is electrically connected with the brushless motor 31, the electromotive force detection circuit 53 is also electrically connected with a signal input end of the microprocessor 51, a signal output end of the microprocessor 51 is electrically connected with the inverter circuit 52, the inverter circuit 52 is electrically connected with the brushless motor 31, and the inverter circuit 52 is used for controlling the power on and off of different stator windings in the brushless motor 31. The sliding observer analyzes and calculates the data transmitted from the electromotive force detection circuit 53, and after zero-crossing detection, a corresponding phase-change point can be obtained, the counter electromotive force zero-crossing point corresponds to the phase-change point of the hall signal in the position sensor control, and the sliding observer 54 can estimate the corresponding counter electromotive force signal, and then the rotor speed of the brushless motor 31 can be obtained through the counter electromotive force signal calculation. The information on the speed of the rotor estimated by the sliding-mode observer 54 is transmitted to the speed controller, and the speed controller compares the estimated speed (corresponding to the actual rotation speed of the rotor of the brushless motor 31) with a reference speed, so that the speed of the rotor of the brushless motor 31 can always track the reference speed required by the operation, and a speed closed loop is formed. The sliding mode observer 54 transmits a commutation point signal obtained by zero-crossing detection to the inverter circuit 52.

The inverter circuit 52 includes an inverter 521 and a drive circuit 522. A DC-DC module and a DC-AC module are provided in the inverter 521, and are mainly used for converting the voltage input by the external power supply into the voltage required by the subsequent operation of the internal circuit. A PWM module (pulse width modulation module) and a plurality of MOS transistors are provided in the driving circuit 522. Wherein the input of the PWM module is connected to the microprocessor 51 for modulating and numbering the analog signal outputted from the microprocessor 51, the content of the signal is mainly the position of the rotor in the brushless motor 31 estimated by the sliding-mode observer 54, i.e. the commutation point of the phase. The output end of the PWM module is connected with the MOS tubes and is used for controlling the MOS tubes to open and close. One end of each MOS tube, which is away from the PWM module, is respectively communicated with U, V, W three phases on the brushless motor 31, the MOS tubes comprise triodes, and the PWM module controls the on-off of the MOS tubes so as to control the corresponding stator winding to be electrified and powered off, adjust the electrifying sequence of the stator coil of the brushless motor 31 and realize the phase change operation of the brushless motor 31.

Electromotive force detection circuit 53: the electromotive force detection circuit 53 includes three branches, one of the branches is connected to U on the brushless motor 31, the other branch is connected to W on the brushless motor 31, the other branch is connected to V on the brushless motor 31, and ends of the three branches facing away from the brushless motor 31 are connected to the microprocessor 51, the microprocessor 51 receives voltage values transmitted by the three branches, and then the sliding mode observer 54 in the microprocessor 51 calculates three-phase back electromotive force of the voltage values of the three branches to obtain three-phase back electromotive force, and then performs zero-cross detection to obtain a corresponding phase change point.

Specifically, a current detector 55 is further provided between the brushless motor 31 and the microprocessor 51, for detecting whether the current on the brushless motor 31 is overloaded. The current detector 55 is preferably an LEM current sensor, which has a large measurement range and a fast response speed.

Specifically, a low-pass filter 56 is connected between the microprocessor 51 and the inverter circuit 52, and a low-pass filter 56 is also connected between the microprocessor 51 and the current detector 55, for filtering out an interference signal in the data. Wherein the low pass filter 56 is preferably a butterworth low pass filter 56 of order 5.

In the embodiment, a two-phase conduction star-shaped three-phase six-state brushless motor 31 is taken as an example, magnetic circuit saturation, eddy hysteresis loss and cogging of the motor are neglected, and armature reaction is not counted.

For the brushless motor 31 adopting the pairwise conduction control method, the phase is changed 6 times in each electric cycle, and 6 position signals of the phase change point need to be detected, so that the estimation of the rotor position needs to be performed. Fig. 8 is a relationship diagram between the electromotive force signals and the commutation points, and it can be known from fig. 8 that after three counter electromotive forces are obtained in the sliding mode observer 54, the required 6 commutation points can be obtained by performing zero-crossing detection, and after the counter electromotive force signals are estimated by the sliding mode observer 54, the rotation speed of the rotor of the brushless motor 31202 can be calculated.

Referring to fig. 8, the turn-on sequence and winding sequence of the MOS transistor switches respectively corresponding to the forward rotation and reverse rotation of the brushless motor 31 shown in table 1 are obtained.

TABLE 1

Embodiment 2 the rest of the structure and the operation principle are the same as those of embodiment 1.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 9, the brushless motor 31 blowing and sucking fan based on the sliding-mode observer 54 in embodiment 3 of the present invention is improved on the basis of embodiment 1.

Specifically, a guide mechanism is added to the blowing and sucking fan in embodiment 1. This guiding mechanism includes: two guide pipes 60 and two dust suction mechanisms, wherein one end of one guide pipe 60 is communicated with the dust collection cavity 11, the other end of the guide pipe passes through the power source cavity 30 and is fixed in the power source cavity 30, and the port position of the guide pipe 60 is on the same horizontal plane with the bottom end of the initial blowing channel 21 or the bottom end of the dust suction channel in a dust suction mode, so that dust and garbage enter the guide pipe 60 after passing through the dust suction channel; similarly, one end of another guiding tube 60 is also communicated with the dust collection chamber 11, and the other end penetrates through the power source chamber 30 and is fixed inside the power source chamber 30, and the port position of the guiding tube 60 is on the same horizontal plane with the bottom end of another initial blowing channel 21 or the bottom end of another dust collection channel in another dust collection mode, so that dust and garbage enter the guiding tube 60 after passing through the dust collection channel. Through stand pipe 60, just in leading dust and rubbish to dust collection chamber 11, and can not pass through power source chamber 30 again, can reach and avoid dust and rubbish to pollute brushless motor 31, some great rubbish block brushless motor 31 or the striking damage even, and to when blowing the mode, also can guarantee to blow out the wind can not receive the influence of dust absorption before, can not have rubbish or dust to blow out.

Further, the dust suction mechanism is installed in the guide pipe 60 and comprises a motor and a dust suction sheet, the dust suction sheet is arranged at the output end of the motor, and the motor drives the dust suction sheet to rotate so as to play a role in dust suction. The motor is also preferably a brushless motor for sucking dust and dirt in the suction channel 22 into the guide duct 60 and then to the dust collecting chamber 11, and sucking the dirt and dust into the guide duct 60 is improved, so that a part of the dirt and dust can be prevented from falling into the power source chamber 30.

Embodiment 3 the rest of the structure and the operation principle are the same as those of embodiment 1.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the utility model has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a brushless motor passageway conversion formula suction fan that blows based on sliding mode observer which characterized in that includes:

the fan comprises a fan body, wherein a dust collecting cavity is arranged in the fan body, a first air port and a second air port for air inlet and outlet are also arranged on the fan body, and the dust collecting cavity is communicated with the second air port;

the conversion drum is used for switching an air blowing channel and an air suction channel of the air blowing and sucking fan;

the fan-type air conditioner comprises a power source cavity, wherein a brushless motor capable of rotating forward and backward is arranged in the power source cavity, the brushless motor provides power for blowing when rotating forward, the brushless motor provides power for air suction when rotating backward, and an output shaft of the brushless motor is connected with blades;

the auxiliary conversion mechanism is used for assisting the conversion drum to switch the blowing channel and the suction channel of the blowing and sucking fan;

when the conversion drum is switched to the air suction channel, the guide mechanism communicates the air suction channel with the dust collection cavity and is used for guiding dust and garbage into the dust collection cavity;

the conversion barrel and the brushless motor are arranged in the fan body, and the first air port, the conversion barrel, the power source cavity and the second air port are communicated in sequence.

2. The sliding-mode observer-based brushless motor channel-switching suction blower according to claim 1, wherein the guide mechanism comprises: the dust collection mechanism is arranged in the guide pipe and used for sucking dust and garbage in the power source cavity into the guide pipe.

3. The sliding-mode observer-based brushless motor channel-switching suction blower according to claim 2, wherein one end of the guide tube is communicated with the dust collection cavity, and the end of the guide tube away from the dust collection cavity is fixed in the power source cavity.

4. The sliding-mode observer-based brushless motor channel conversion type blowing and sucking fan according to claim 3, wherein when the conversion cylinder is switched to the blowing channel, the port position of the guide pipe is on the same horizontal plane as the bottom end of the blowing channel;

when the conversion barrel is switched to the air suction channel, the port position of the guide pipe and the bottom end of the air suction channel are positioned on the same horizontal plane.

5. The sliding-mode observer-based brushless motor channel-switching suction blower according to claim 4, wherein a diameter of the first air opening near one end of the converter tube is larger than a diameter of the first air opening far away from one end of the converter tube, so as to compress air from the blowing channel.

6. The sliding-mode observer-based brushless motor channel conversion type suction and blowing fan according to claim 4, wherein the guide pipe is arranged obliquely, and one end of the guide pipe in the power source cavity is higher than one end of the guide pipe in the dust collection cavity.

7. The sliding-mode observer-based brushless motor channel-switching suction blower according to claim 6, wherein a dust suction end of the dust suction mechanism is arranged near an end port of the guide tube facing away from the dust collection cavity.

8. The sliding-mode observer-based brushless motor channel-switching suction blower according to claim 7, wherein the dust suction mechanism comprises: the motor and dust absorption piece, the dust absorption piece sets up the output of motor.

9. The sliding-mode observer-based brushless motor channel-switching suction blower according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary switching mechanism comprises: first elastic component, second elastic component, mounting, trigger and pull rod, the one end of trigger with the second elastic component is connected, the trigger is kept away from the surface of second elastic component with first elastic component is connected, the pull rod also with trigger surface connects, just the pull rod is located first elastic component with between the second elastic component, the second elastic component deviates from the one end of trigger with the mounting is connected.

10. The sliding-mode observer-based brushless motor channel-switching suction and blowing fan according to claim 1, further comprising a control module, wherein the control module comprises:

the sliding mode observer is arranged in the microprocessor and used for estimating the position and the rotating speed of the brushless motor rotor;

and the inverter circuit is used for controlling the phase change of the brushless motor, one end of the inverter circuit is connected with the microprocessor, and the other end of the inverter circuit is connected with the brushless motor.

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