CN215720765U - Linkage interlocking gear shifting actuating mechanism - Google Patents
Linkage interlocking gear shifting actuating mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN215720765U CN215720765U CN202121742332.9U CN202121742332U CN215720765U CN 215720765 U CN215720765 U CN 215720765U CN 202121742332 U CN202121742332 U CN 202121742332U CN 215720765 U CN215720765 U CN 215720765U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a linkage interlocking gear shifting actuating mechanism which comprises a first clutch, wherein the first clutch comprises a first clutch drum and a clutch hub positioned in the middle of the first clutch drum, the first clutch realizes the joint when the first clutch drum moves leftwards, a first outer plate, an inner plate and a second outer plate are sequentially arranged on the inner side of the first clutch drum from left to right, the inner plate is connected with the clutch hub and is provided with through holes uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, first rolling bodies are arranged in the through holes, the second outer plate is connected with the first clutch drum, and a ramp type annular roller path matched with the first rolling bodies is arranged on the left end surface of the second outer plate; the clutch also comprises a second clutch; the second clutch includes a second clutch drum positioned at the periphery of the first clutch drum and a third outer plate positioned at the right side of the first clutch drum. The clutch assembly is not provided with a friction pair, so that the cost of the clutch assembly is greatly reduced, and the phenomenon of burning of the friction pair is avoided; the device has the advantages of reduced failure, prolonged service life, compact structure and small assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of transmission gear shifting actuating mechanisms, in particular to a linkage interlocking gear shifting actuating mechanism.
Background
In the field of the traditional gear shifting executing mechanism of the automobile transmission, basically one clutch or brake corresponds to one actuator, the clutch is basically provided with a friction pair, the cost is high, the energy consumption is high, the volume is large, in addition, the friction pair sliding and grinding process generates a large amount of heat and grinding dust, which have adverse effects on the clutch, the transmission or related mechanical equipment, the clutch and the actuator are arranged in a one-to-one manner, the problem that two unnecessary clutches are combined or separated simultaneously is easy to occur, so that the problems that the friction pair is burnt out or is out of gear and cannot output power are caused, in order to reduce the consumption, the cost and the volume and prevent the problem that the two clutches are harmful and combined or separated simultaneously, the linkage gear shifting executing mechanism is applied, but one actuator of the traditional linkage gear shifting mechanism needs to provide the power of the two actuators or still keeps the two actuating devices, friction pairs are also present; in order to reduce power requirements on the actuator, reduce cost and volume, roller ramp technology is also applied, but traditional roller ramp technology only solves the problem of reducing power requirements on the actuator, and other problems of traditional shift actuators are not solved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, the present invention provides a linkage interlocking shift actuator without a friction pair, which reduces the cost of a clutch assembly, does not generate the friction pair burning phenomenon, and has low energy loss and high efficiency.
The utility model is realized by adopting the following scheme: a linkage interlocking gear shifting actuating mechanism comprises a first clutch, wherein the first clutch comprises a first clutch drum and a clutch hub positioned in the middle of the first clutch drum, the first clutch is jointed when the first clutch drum moves leftwards, a first outer plate, an inner plate and a second outer plate are sequentially arranged on the inner side of the first clutch drum from left to right, the inner plate is connected with the clutch hub and is provided with through holes uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, first rolling bodies are arranged in the through holes, the second outer plate is connected with the first clutch drum, a ramp type annular roller path matched with the first rolling bodies is arranged on the left end face of the second outer plate, and the bottom face of the ramp type annular roller path is of a wave-shaped structure formed by a plurality of ramps which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and are connected end to end.
Furthermore, a first elastic body is arranged on the left side of the first outer plate, two ends of the first elastic body are respectively abutted to the first outer plate and the first clutch drum, a push disc is arranged on the left side of the first clutch drum, the first clutch drum can rotate relative to the push disc, and a thrust device used for pushing the push disc and the first clutch drum to move rightwards is arranged on the left side of the push disc.
Furthermore, the first outer plate and the second outer plate are respectively connected with the first clutch drum in a sliding mode through an outer spline, a first snap spring used for limiting the maximum distance of the right movement of the second outer plate relative to the first clutch drum is arranged on the right side of the second outer plate, and the inner plate is fixedly connected with the clutch hub or is connected with the clutch hub in a sliding mode through an inner spline; the baffle is arranged on the right side of the first outer plate, the first outer plate can rotate relative to the baffle, and the baffle is fixedly connected with the second clutch drum.
Further, a second clutch is also included; the second clutch comprises a second clutch drum positioned on the periphery of the first clutch drum and a third outer plate positioned on the right side of the first clutch drum, a second elastic body is arranged on the right side of the third outer plate, an elastic body blocking piece is arranged on the right side of the second elastic body, two ends of the second elastic body are respectively abutted to the third outer plate and the elastic body blocking piece, the third outer plate is connected with the second clutch drum through an outer spline, the elastic body blocking piece is in sliding connection with the second clutch drum through the outer spline, and a clutch structure which can realize power transmission between the third outer plate and the right end of the first clutch drum when the second clutch drum moves rightwards is arranged between the third outer plate and the right end of the first clutch drum.
Furthermore, the clutch structure comprises a second rolling body positioned between a third outer plate and the right end of the first clutch drum, limit grooves matched with the second rolling body are uniformly distributed on the right end face of the first clutch drum along the circumference, a ramp type annular roller path matched with the second rolling body is arranged on the left end face of the third outer plate, and the bottom surface of the ramp type annular roller path is of a wavy structure formed by a plurality of ramps which are uniformly distributed along the circumference and connected end to end; the clutch hub is fixedly connected with the first output shaft or is in sliding connection through a spline, the second outer plate is fixedly connected with the input shaft or is in sliding connection through a spline, and the second clutch drum is fixedly connected with the second output shaft or is in sliding connection through a spline.
Furthermore, the clutch structure comprises at least two first ratchet blocks which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction on the right end surface of the first clutch drum, at least two second ratchet blocks which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction on the left side surface of the third outer plate, and inclined planes which are matched with each other are arranged on the first ratchet blocks and the second ratchet blocks; a first clamping groove for a second ratchet block to enter is formed on the right end face of the first clutch drum between two adjacent first ratchet blocks, a first high blocking surface and a first low blocking surface for blocking the second ratchet block are formed on two ends of the first clamping groove between the two adjacent first ratchet blocks, a second clamping groove for the first ratchet block to enter is formed on the left side face of the third outer plate between the two adjacent second ratchet blocks, and a second high blocking surface and a second low blocking surface for blocking the first ratchet block are formed on two ends of the second clamping groove between the two adjacent second ratchet blocks
Furthermore, a planetary gear train is arranged on the right side of the clutch hub, the second outer plate is in sliding connection with a gear ring of the planetary gear train through a spline, the clutch hub is fixedly connected with a sun gear of the planetary gear train or in sliding connection through the spline, one of the sun gear and the planet carrier of the planetary gear train is fixedly connected with the input shaft or in sliding connection through the spline, and the other of the sun gear and the planet carrier of the planetary gear train is fixedly connected with the output shaft or in sliding connection through the spline.
Furthermore, the right end face of the first outer plate is provided with an equal-height annular raceway matched with the first rolling body along the circumferential direction; the number of first rolling elements N1 and the number of ramps N2 satisfy the relation N2= 1/2N 1N, wherein N1 is an even number and N is an integer; the first outer plate and the equal-height annular roller way have the depth A1 from the plate surface, the maximum diameter D of the first rolling element, the depth A2 from the slope peak of the second outer plate to the plate surface, the depth A3 from the slope valley of the second outer plate to the plate surface, the thickness H of the inner plate, and when all the rolling elements are positioned in the middle of the ramp, the clearance between the inner plate and the first outer plate and the clearance between the inner plate and the second outer plate are S0 in total, and the maximum displacement S of the first clutch drum from the initial state to the right satisfies the following relational expression: d > A1+ A3+ H, A1<1/2D, A3<1/2D, D-S0> S ≧ 1/2 (A3-A2).
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the linkage interlocking gear shifting actuating mechanism is not provided with a friction pair, so that the cost of the clutch assembly is greatly reduced, and the phenomenon of friction pair burning is avoided; the energy loss is small, and the efficiency is high; the grinding dust amount is reduced, the heat productivity is reduced, the faults can be reduced, the service life is prolonged, the number of actuators and other parts is reduced, the structure is compact, the assembly body is small, and the application range is wide.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a first outer plate according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an inner panel of the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a second outer plate in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a development view of a first clutch disengaged state in accordance with a first embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 6 is a development view of a first clutch engaged state in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a first clutch drum in the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a third outer plate in the second embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures illustrate: 1-a first clutch drum, 2-a clutch hub, 3-a first outer plate, 4-an inner plate, 5-a second outer plate, 6-a first rolling body, 7-a ramp type annular raceway, 8-a first elastic body, 9-a push disc, 10-a first snap spring, 11-a baffle plate, 12-a first ball, 13-a second ball, 14-an equal-height annular raceway, 15-a second clutch drum, 16-a third outer plate, 17-a second elastic body, 18-an elastic body baffle plate, 19-a second rolling body, 20-a piston cavity, 21-a piston, 22-a return spring, 23-a first ratchet block, 24-a second ratchet block, 25-a gear ring, 26-a sun gear, 27-a planet carrier, 28-an input shaft, 29-an output shaft, 30-a first output shaft, 31-a second output shaft, 32-a first clamping groove, 33-a first high-blocking surface, 34-a first low-blocking surface, 35-a second clamping groove, 36-a second high-blocking surface, 37-a second low-blocking surface.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 to 6, a linkage interlocking gear shift actuator, which is suitable for a general double clutch, includes a first clutch, the first clutch includes a first clutch drum 1 and a clutch hub 2 located in the middle of the first clutch drum, the first clutch is engaged when the first clutch drum 1 moves leftwards, the first clutch drum 1 is provided with a first outer plate 3, an inner plate 4 and a second outer plate 5 from left to right in turn from the inner side, the inner plate 4 is connected with the clutch hub 2 and has through holes uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the through holes are provided with first rolling elements 6, the first rolling elements 6 are provided with one or more groups, when a plurality of groups of first rolling elements 6 are provided, the plurality of groups of first rolling elements 6 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, each group is composed of two or more first rolling elements 6, when two groups are provided, the two first rolling elements 6 are spaced at a certain distance along the circumferential direction, when a plurality of groups are provided, the plurality of first rolling elements 6 are equally spaced apart in the circumferential direction, preferably in two groups, and two first rolling elements 6 in a group are equally spaced apart from two adjacent groups, and the first rolling elements 6 may be spherical, cylindrical or conical. The second outer plate 5 is connected with the first clutch drum 1, the left end face of the second outer plate is provided with a ramp type annular roller path 7 matched with the first rolling body, and the bottom surface of the ramp type annular roller path is of a wave-shaped structure formed by a plurality of ramps which are uniformly distributed along the circumference and are connected end to end; the right end face of the first outer plate is a plane, and an equal-height annular raceway 14 matched with the first rolling body can also be arranged along the circumferential direction.
In this embodiment, a first elastic body 8 is disposed on the left side of the first outer plate 3, and the first elastic body may be a helical compression spring, a wave spring, a belleville spring, or a rubber block with certain elasticity, preferably a helical compression spring; in the initial state, the first outer plate and the second outer plate press the first rolling bodies 6 under the elastic force of the first elastic body, and the inner plate is limited to rotate relative to the first outer plate and the second outer plate under the action of the slope of the ramp. Two ends of the first elastic body 8 are respectively abutted against the first outer plate and the first clutch drum, a push disc 9 is arranged on the left side of the first clutch drum, the first clutch drum can rotate relative to the push disc, and a thrust device used for pushing the push disc and the first clutch drum to move rightwards is arranged on the left side of the push disc 9.
In this embodiment, the first outer plate 3 and the second outer plate 5 are slidably connected to the first clutch drum through an outer spline, a first snap spring 10 for limiting the maximum distance of the right movement of the second outer plate relative to the first clutch drum is disposed on the right side of the second outer plate, and the inner plate is fixedly connected to the clutch hub or slidably connected through an inner spline; the baffle 11 is arranged on the right side of the first outer plate, the first outer plate can rotate relative to the baffle, the position of the baffle 11 and the position of the inner plate 4 are staggered inside and outside, and the baffle 11 is fixedly connected with the second clutch drum.
In this embodiment, the left end surface of the first clutch drum is provided with at least two first arc grooves which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, each first arc groove is provided with a first round ball 12, the shape and the size of each first arc groove correspond to those of the first round balls, the first round balls can roll in the first arc grooves, the push disc is provided with first annular rolling grooves at positions corresponding to the first arc grooves, the cross-sectional shapes and the sizes of the first annular rolling grooves correspond to those of the first round balls, and the first round balls can rotate along with the first clutch drum and can roll along with the first annular rolling grooves; the sum of the depth of the first arc groove and the depth of the first annular rolling groove on the push disc is smaller than the diameter of the first round ball, so that the first clutch drum is prevented from being rubbed with the push disc.
In this embodiment, first planking right side and baffle cooperation position have two at least second circular arc grooves along the circumferencial direction equipartition, set up second ball 13 in every second circular arc groove, second circular arc groove shape and size correspond with the second ball, the second ball can roll in second circular arc inslot, correspond the position with second circular arc groove on the baffle and be provided with second annular rolling groove, second annular rolling groove cross sectional shape and size correspond with the second ball, the second ball can rotate and can paste first annular rolling groove simultaneously along with first planking and roll, second annular rolling groove degree of depth and be less than second circular arc diameter on second circular arc groove degree of depth and the baffle, prevent first planking and baffle friction.
In the embodiment, a second clutch is also included; the second clutch comprises a second clutch drum 15 positioned on the periphery of the first clutch drum 1 and a third outer plate 16 positioned on the right side of the first clutch drum, a second elastic body 17 is arranged on the right side of the third outer plate 16, an elastic body blocking piece 18 is arranged on the right side of the second elastic body, two ends of the second elastic body are respectively abutted against the third outer plate and the elastic body blocking piece, the third outer plate is connected with the second clutch drum through an outer spline, the elastic body blocking piece is in sliding connection with the second clutch drum through the outer spline, and a clutch structure for realizing power transmission between the first clutch drum and the second clutch drum when the first clutch drum moves rightwards is arranged between the third outer plate and the right end of the second clutch drum.
In this embodiment, the left side of the third outer plate is provided with a second snap spring for limiting the left movement of the third outer plate, and the right side of the elastomer blocking piece is provided with a third snap spring for limiting the right movement of the elastomer blocking piece.
In this embodiment, the clutch structure includes a second rolling element 19 located between a third outer plate and a right end of the first clutch drum, a right end surface of the first clutch drum is uniformly distributed with a limiting groove matched with the second rolling element along a circumference, the second rolling element may be a spherical, conical or cylindrical rolling element, the limiting groove may be a spherical groove, a conical groove, a cylindrical groove or other rolling element grooves corresponding to the second rolling element, a left end surface of the third outer plate is provided with a ramp type annular raceway matched with the second rolling element, and a bottom surface of the ramp type annular raceway is a wave-shaped structure formed by a plurality of ramps which are uniformly distributed along the circumference and connected end to end; the clutch hub is fixedly connected with the first output shaft or is in sliding connection through a spline, the second outer plate is fixedly connected with the input shaft or is in sliding connection through a spline, and the second clutch drum is fixedly connected with the second output shaft or is in sliding connection through a spline; when any two adjacent second rolling bodies face the ramp, if one is at the crest, the other is at the valley.
When the second rolling element is a spherical ball, the diameter D2 of the second rolling element, the depth B1 of the limiting groove, the slope crest depth B2 of the slope of the third outer plate and the depth B3 of the slope, in a free state, the distance L between the first clutch drum and the third outer plate meets the relation L < D2-B3, so that the fourth ball is prevented from sliding out of the fourth arc groove, B1+ B3< D2, the first clutch drum and the third outer plate are prevented from being rubbed, and D2< B1+ B2+ L, so that the second clutch drum can be completely separated.
The maximum thrust Fmax of the push disc to the first clutch drum, the elastic force Nmax of the first elastic body to the first clutch drum, and the axial acting force T3max to the second rolling body when the first clutch drum rotates relative to the third outer plate or has a relative rotation trend, wherein Fmax-Nmax is larger than T3max (absolute value comparison) under the condition that gravity and the friction force of the rolling body to the ramp are not considered.
In the present embodiment, the thrust device includes a piston cavity 20 disposed inside the second clutch drum and on the left side of the thrust plate, and a piston 21 is disposed in the piston cavity; the push disc is connected with the second clutch drum in a sliding mode through a spline on the outer side, a return spring 22 for pushing the push disc to reset leftwards is arranged on the right side of the push disc, and two ends of the return spring are respectively abutted to the push disc and the second clutch drum.
In this embodiment, when any two adjacent first rolling elements face the ramp, if one is at a crest, the other is at a valley, the ramp is bilaterally symmetrical in the circumferential direction with the axis parallel to the input axis as the center line at the highest point, and no matter which direction the input shaft rotates, if one is on the symmetrical ramp, the other is on the other side, and the number of the ramps may be equal to or not equal to the number of the first rolling elements. The right end face of the first outer plate is provided with an equal-height annular raceway matched with the first rolling body along the circumferential direction; the number of first rolling elements N1 and the number of ramps N2 satisfy the relation N2= 1/2N 1N, wherein N1 is an even number and N is an integer; the first outer plate and the equal-height annular roller way have the depth A1 from the plate surface, the maximum diameter D of the first rolling element, the depth A2 from the slope peak of the second outer plate to the plate surface, the depth A3 from the slope valley of the second outer plate to the plate surface, the thickness H of the inner plate, and when all the rolling elements are positioned in the middle of the ramp, the clearance between the inner plate and the first outer plate and the clearance between the inner plate and the second outer plate are S0 in total, and the maximum displacement S of the first clutch drum from the initial state to the right satisfies the following relational expression: d > A1+ A3+ H, so as to prevent the first outer plate and the second outer plate from clamping the inner plate, the first rolling body does not work and generates friction; a1<1/2D, A3<1/2D, to reduce the difficulty of processing the second outer and inner panels; D-S0> S ≧ 1/2(A3-A2) ensures that the first round ball can not slide out from the inner plate after the first clutch drum moves to the bottom right, and can ensure that the first clutch can be completely separated.
After the first clutch is installed, all rolling bodies are arranged in the middle of a slope, the initial acting force of the elastic body and the push disc on the rolling bodies in the rotation direction of the inner plate through the second outer plate is N0, the acting force of the elastic body and the push disc on the rolling bodies in the rotation direction of the inner plate through the first outer plate and the second outer plate is variable, part of the rolling bodies are Nmax when the slope peaks, the acting force of the input shaft on the rolling bodies in the rotation direction of the inner plate through the second outer plate is Tt and is maximum Tmax, under the condition of not considering gravity and friction, N0> Tmax, when Nt < Tt, the first clutch is in a slipping state, when Nt =0, the first clutch is in a completely separated state, when Nt > Tt, the first clutch is in a combined state, when the inner plate rotates relative to the first outer plate and the Nt = Tt, the first clutch is kept in a separated state, when the inner plate is not rotated relative to the first and second outer plates and Nt = Tt, the first clutch remains engaged.
For the first clutch and the second clutch, because the ramps are symmetrical and continuous, and one of any two adjacent rolling bodies is at a crest and the other is at a valley, half of the first rolling bodies push the second outer plate to rotate in the same direction or be pushed by the second outer plate to rotate in the same direction in the process of combining or separating the clutches, and half of the second rolling bodies push the third outer plate to rotate in the same direction or be pushed by the third outer plate to rotate in the same direction in the process of combining and separating the second clutch, the shifting process is basically smooth, the impact or the jerk is reduced, and the input shaft can also be basically and normally shifted smoothly when rotating in the reverse direction.
Embodiment one working process of the linkage interlocking gear shifting actuating mechanism:
(1) in an initial state, the thrust device does not work, the push disc presses the piston to the leftmost position under the action of the return spring, the first clutch drum does not receive acting force from the push disc, the first elastic body pushes the first outer plate rightwards, the first rolling body is extruded leftwards through the first clutch drum, the first clamp spring and the second outer plate, the first rolling body cannot relatively rotate relative to the first outer plate and the second outer plate under the blocking of a ramp, the first clutch is in a combined state, at the moment, if power is input to the input shaft, the power is sequentially transmitted to the first output shaft through the second outer plate, the first rolling body, the inner plate and the clutch hub, at the moment, the first clutch drum can relatively rotate relative to the push disc, the baffle plate and the third outer plate, the first clutch drum and the first round ball and the push disc on the left side of the first clutch drum form a first thrust bearing, the second round ball and the baffle plate on the right lower side of the first outer plate form a second thrust bearing, the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing avoid the friction between the first clutch drum and the push disc and the baffle plate, and also reduce the extra friction force of the clutch drum in the gear shifting process;
(2) the thrust device provides thrust, the first clutch is pushed to move rightwards by the push disc, and after the first outer plate abuts against the baffle plate through the second round ball, the first outer plate cannot move rightwards continuously; the thrust device continuously pushes the first clutch drum to compress the first elastic body through the push disc, the first clutch drum continuously moves to the right to a designed limit position, correspondingly, the first clutch drum pushes the third outer plate to extrude the second elastic body, the third outer plate moves to the right to the designed limit position, in the process, when Nt is not equal to 0, the first clutch is firstly in a sliding grinding state, the inner plate can rotate relatively to the first outer plate and the second outer plate with small displacement, then Nt =0, the first clutch is in a complete separation state, the inner plate can rotate relatively to the first outer plate and the second outer plate without being constrained, the input shaft can not transmit power to the first output shaft through the first clutch, in the process that the first clutch enters the separation process from the sliding grinding, the second clutch simultaneously enters the combination state from the sliding grinding, in the process that the first clutch drum extrudes the second elastic body through the second rolling body and the third outer plate, the third outer plate moves to the right to the designed limit position, the second rolling body is blocked by the ramp, the first clutch drum cannot rotate relative to the third outer plate, the first clutch drum drives the third outer plate to rotate through the second rolling body, and therefore the power of the input shaft is transmitted to the second output shaft through the second outer plate, the first clutch drum, the second rolling body, the third outer plate and the second clutch drum in sequence;
(3) the thrust device gradually removes the thrust, the first clutch drum reversely pushes the thrust disc to move left under the action of the first elastic body until the first clutch is completely combined, and in the process, Nt gradually increases along with the gradual reduction of the pressure of the thrust disc on the first clutch drum; when Nt is less than or equal to Tt, the first clutch is in a sliding grinding state firstly, the inner plate can rotate relatively to the first outer plate and the second outer plate with smaller displacement, then when the Tt is less than Nt, the first clutch is in a combined state, the first rolling body enables the inner plate not to rotate relatively to the first outer plate and the second outer plate under the blocking of a ramp, the second outer plate drives the inner plate to rotate through the first rolling body, and therefore the input shaft sequentially passes through the second outer plate, the first rolling body, the inner plate and the clutch hub to transmit power to the first output shaft, in the sliding grinding combining process of the first clutch, the second clutch finishes the sliding grinding process to a completely separated state, and the second output shaft has no power output; at the moment, the first clutch drum can rotate relative to the push disc, the baffle and the third outer plate, the first clutch drum and the first round ball and the push disc on the left side of the first clutch drum form a first thrust bearing, the first outer plate and the second round ball and the baffle on the right lower side of the first outer plate form a second thrust bearing, the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing avoid the friction of the first clutch with the push disc and the baffle, the friction force borne by the clutch in the gear shifting process is also reduced, the first annular rolling groove on the push disc and the second annular rolling groove on the baffle block the corresponding round balls in the radial direction, and the first clutch drum plays the role of a deep groove ball bearing in fact, avoids the eccentric motion in the rotation process of the first clutch drum and avoids the sliding and grinding combination process of the first clutch; and in the process that the first clutch drum moves leftwards, the acting force of the first clutch drum on the third outer plate through the second rolling body is gradually reduced, the second elastic body is gradually released leftwards until the third outer plate is blocked by the second clamp spring, the acting force of the ramp of the third outer plate on the first clutch drum through the second rolling body is gradually reduced until the distance from the ramp peak of the third outer plate to the bottom of the second rolling body is greater than the diameter of the second rolling body, the second clutch finishes the process from the sliding grinding process to the complete separation state, and the second output shaft does not output power.
Compared with the prior art, the linkage interlocking gear shifting actuating mechanism of the utility model comprises:
1. the friction pair is not arranged, so that the cost of the clutch assembly is greatly reduced, and the friction pair burning phenomenon can not occur without the friction pair;
2. the friction is not completely relied to transmit power, the rolling friction coefficient of the rolling body is far lower than the friction coefficient of the friction pair, the sliding friction energy loss in the gear shifting process is small, and the belt-row torque is small when the clutch is separated, so the energy loss is small, and the efficiency is high;
3. the friction pair is not used for sliding friction, the clutch can not bring a large amount of abrasive dust to the transmission or related mechanical equipment, the heat productivity is reduced, the working environment of the clutch, the transmission or the related mechanical equipment is favorably optimized, the fault can be reduced, and the service life is prolonged;
4. the interlocking function is linked, the actuator and other parts are reduced, the power requirement of the actuator is reduced by utilizing the ramp blocking effect, and the parts are further reduced by utilizing the clutch parts as the bearing retainer and the bearing raceway, so the assembly is small and the cost is low.
Example two: as shown in fig. 7 to 9, the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the clutch structure of the second clutch and the connection manner with the input shaft and the output shaft are different, and is suitable for a first brake-clutch shift actuator of a planetary transmission; in this embodiment, the clutch structure includes at least two first ratchet blocks 23 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction on the right end surface of the first clutch drum, at least two second ratchet blocks 24 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction on the left side surface of the third outer plate, and the first ratchet blocks and the second ratchet blocks are provided with matched inclined surfaces; a first clamping groove 32 for a second ratchet block to enter is formed on the right end face of the first clutch drum between every two adjacent first ratchet blocks, a first high blocking surface 33 and a first low blocking surface 34 for blocking the second ratchet block are formed on the two ends of the first clamping groove 32 by the two adjacent first ratchet blocks, a second clamping groove 35 for the first ratchet block to enter is formed on the left side face of the third outer plate between the two adjacent second ratchet blocks, and a second high blocking surface 36 and a second low blocking surface 37 for blocking the first ratchet block are formed on the two ends of the second clamping groove by the two adjacent second ratchet blocks.
In the present embodiment, a planetary gear train is provided on the right side of the clutch hub, the second outer plate is slidably connected to the ring gear 25 of the planetary gear train through splines, the clutch hub is fixedly connected to the sun gear 26 of the planetary gear train or slidably connected through splines, one of the sun gear and the planet carrier 27 of the planetary gear train is fixedly connected to the input shaft or slidably connected through splines, and the other is fixedly connected to the output shaft or slidably connected through splines.
The working process of the dual-linkage interlocking gear shifting actuating mechanism of the embodiment is as follows:
in the initial state, the input shaft has no power input, the push disc pushes the first clutch drum to the limit, correspondingly, the first clutch drum pushes the third outer plate to press the second elastic body, the third outer plate is pushed to the right limit position, the first clutch is separated, at this time, if the first ratchet block and the second ratchet block do not respectively enter the second clamping groove and the first clamping groove, when the input shaft rotates, the input shaft drives the second outer plate through the planetary gear train, thereby driving the first clutch drum to rotate relative to the third outer plate, and enabling the first ratchet block and the second ratchet block to respectively enter the second clamping groove and the first clamping groove, the high blocking surface of the first ratchet block and the high blocking surface of the second ratchet block can be abutted, the low blocking surface of the first ratchet block and the low blocking surface of the second ratchet block can be abutted, the first clutch drum is further braked by the third outer plate through the housing, and accordingly the first clutch drum brakes the gear ring through the second outer plate; according to the motion rule of the planetary gear, the gear ring is braked, when the input and the reverse rotation are carried out, the gear ring is in a reverse gear, when the input and the forward rotation are carried out, the output is also in a forward rotation, and the gear ring is in a forward gear.
In the process of positive rotation of the input shaft, when the push disc moves leftwards, the first clutch drum moves leftwards under the action of the first elastic body, the first ratchet block and the second ratchet block are separated from the second clamping groove and the first clamping groove respectively, when the ratchet blocks are just separated from the clamping grooves, the high-blocking surfaces of the two ratchet blocks can still be locally abutted, the reverse rotation of the gear ring can still be braked, the low-blocking surfaces of the two ratchet blocks are separated, then the first clutch is gradually combined, in the process of combining the first clutch, the gear ring is driven to rotate forwards step by step from 0 rotating speed, so that the gear ring drives the first clutch drum to rotate forwards, when the inclined surface of the first ratchet block slides along the inclined surface of the second ratchet block from low to high, the third outer plate is driven to extrude the second elastic body, the third outer plate moves rightwards, the first clutch drum rotates relative to the third outer plate, the second clutch is separated in the sliding process, then the first clutch is completely combined, and the gear ring is synchronous with the sun wheel, therefore, the planet carrier is clamped to be synchronous, the input and the output of the planet carrier are at the same rotating speed, and the clutch is in a direct gear state.
In a direct gear state, the thrust device pushes the push disc to move rightwards, the first clutch drum is pushed to move rightwards by the push disc, after the first outer plate abuts against the baffle plate through the second round ball, the first outer plate cannot move rightwards continuously, the thrust device continues to push the first clutch drum to compress the first elastic body through the push disc, the first clutch drum moves rightwards continuously, when the right side of the first clutch drum abuts against the third outer plate, the inclined plane of the first ratchet block slides from low to high along the inclined plane of the second ratchet block, the third outer plate is pushed to extrude the second elastic body, the third outer plate moves rightwards, the first clutch drum rotates relative to the third outer plate continuously, after the first clutch drum moves rightwards for a certain distance, the first clutch is separated, the acting force of the planetary gear on the gear ring is opposite to that of the input shaft, the gear ring rotates to 0 from the same rotating speed as that of the input shaft gradually, then, the gear ring starts to rotate reversely, and the gear ring drives the first clutch drum to rotate reversely through the second outer plate, when the first clutch drum rotates reversely, a first ratchet block high blocking surface on the first clutch drum is abutted with a second ratchet block high blocking surface on a third outer plate, the first clutch drum is braked by the third outer plate through a shell, so that a gear ring is braked through the second outer plate, according to the motion rule of a planetary gear, power is input from an input shaft at the moment, an output shaft outputs power, when the input shaft is connected with a sun gear, a planetary row is in a speed reduction state, when the input shaft is connected with a planetary frame, the planetary row is in a speed raising state, when the first clutch drum continues to move to the right to a designed limit position, a first ratchet block enters a second clamping groove, a second ratchet block enters a first clamping groove, the first ratchet block high blocking surface is abutted with the second ratchet block high blocking surface, and the first ratchet block low blocking surface is abutted with the second ratchet block low blocking surface, so that the gear ring brake is locked.
Any embodiment disclosed herein above is meant to disclose, unless otherwise indicated, all numerical ranges disclosed as being preferred, and any person skilled in the art would understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, some of the numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
If the utility model discloses or relates to parts or structures which are fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any technical solutions disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include approximate, similar or approximate states or shapes unless otherwise stated.
Any part provided by the utility model can be assembled by a plurality of independent components or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the utility model may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A linkage interlocking gear shifting actuating mechanism is characterized in that: the clutch comprises a first clutch, wherein the first clutch comprises a first clutch drum and a clutch hub positioned in the middle of the first clutch drum, the first clutch is jointed when the first clutch drum moves leftwards, a first outer plate, an inner plate and a second outer plate are sequentially arranged on the inner side of the first clutch drum from left to right, the inner plate is connected with the clutch hub and is provided with through holes uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, first rolling bodies are arranged in the through holes, the second outer plate is connected with the first clutch drum, a ramp type annular raceway matched with the first rolling bodies is arranged on the left end face of the second outer plate, and the bottom surface of the ramp type annular raceway is of a wavy structure formed by a plurality of ramps uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and connected end to end.
2. The interlocking shift actuator of claim 1, wherein: the left side of the first outer plate is provided with a first elastic body, two ends of the first elastic body are respectively abutted against the first outer plate and the first clutch drum, the left side of the first clutch drum is provided with a push disc, the first clutch drum can rotate relative to the push disc, and the left side of the push disc is provided with a thrust device used for pushing the push disc and the first clutch drum to move rightwards.
3. The interlocking shift actuator of claim 2, wherein: the first outer plate and the second outer plate are respectively connected with the first clutch drum in a sliding mode through an outer spline, a first clamp spring used for limiting the maximum distance of the right movement of the second outer plate relative to the first clutch drum is arranged on the right side of the second outer plate, and the inner plate is fixedly connected with the clutch hub or is connected with the clutch hub in a sliding mode through an inner spline; the baffle is arranged on the right side of the first outer plate, the first outer plate can rotate relative to the baffle, and the baffle is fixedly connected with the second clutch drum.
4. The interlocking shift actuator of claim 3, wherein: the left end face of the first clutch drum is provided with at least two first arc grooves which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, a first ball is arranged in each first arc groove, and a first annular rolling groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the first arc grooves, on the push disc; the right side of the first outer plate is provided with at least two second arc grooves which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction at the matching part with the baffle, a second ball is arranged in each second arc groove, and a second annular rolling groove is arranged on the baffle corresponding to the second arc grooves.
5. A ganged interlocking shift actuator as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the clutch also comprises a second clutch; the second clutch comprises a second clutch drum positioned on the periphery of the first clutch drum and a third outer plate positioned on the right side of the first clutch drum, a second elastic body is arranged on the right side of the third outer plate, an elastic body blocking piece is arranged on the right side of the second elastic body, two ends of the second elastic body are respectively abutted to the third outer plate and the elastic body blocking piece, the third outer plate is in sliding connection with the second clutch drum through an outer spline, the elastic body blocking piece is connected with the second clutch drum through the outer spline, and a clutch structure which can realize power transmission between the third outer plate and the right end of the second clutch drum when the second clutch drum moves rightwards is arranged between the third outer plate and the right end of the second clutch drum.
6. The interlocking shift actuator of claim 5, wherein: the clutch structure comprises a second rolling body positioned between a third outer plate and the right end of a first clutch drum, limit grooves matched with the second rolling body are uniformly distributed on the right end face of the first clutch drum along the circumference, a ramp type annular roller path matched with the second rolling body is arranged on the left end face of the third outer plate, and the bottom surface of the ramp type annular roller path is of a wave-shaped structure formed by a plurality of ramps which are uniformly distributed along the circumference and connected end to end; the clutch hub is fixedly connected with the first output shaft or is in sliding connection through a spline, the second outer plate is fixedly connected with the input shaft or is in sliding connection through a spline, and the second clutch drum is fixedly connected with the second output shaft or is in sliding connection through a spline.
7. The interlocking shift actuator of claim 5, wherein: the clutch structure comprises at least two first ratchet blocks which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction on the right end surface of a first clutch drum, at least two second ratchet blocks which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the left side surface of the third outer plate, and matched inclined planes are arranged on the first ratchet blocks and the second ratchet blocks; a first clamping groove for a second ratchet block to enter is formed in the right end face of the first clutch drum between two adjacent first ratchet blocks, a first high blocking surface and a first low blocking surface for blocking the second ratchet block are formed in the two ends of each first clamping groove by the two adjacent first ratchet blocks, a second clamping groove for the first ratchet block to enter is formed in the left side face of the third outer plate between the two adjacent second ratchet blocks, and a second high blocking surface and a second low blocking surface for blocking the first ratchet block are formed in the two ends of each second clamping groove by the two adjacent second ratchet blocks.
8. The interlocking shift actuator of claim 7, wherein: the right side of the clutch hub is provided with a planetary gear train, the second outer plate is in sliding connection with a gear ring of the planetary gear train through a spline, the clutch hub is fixedly connected with a sun gear of the planetary gear train or in sliding connection through the spline, one of the sun gear and the planet carrier of the planetary gear train is fixedly connected with the input shaft or in sliding connection through the spline, and the other is fixedly connected with the output shaft or in sliding connection through the spline.
9. The interlocking shift actuator of claim 1, wherein: the right end face of the first outer plate is provided with an equal-height annular raceway matched with the first rolling body along the circumferential direction; the number of first rolling elements N1 and the number of ramps N2 satisfy the relation N2= 1/2N 1N, wherein N1 is an even number and N is an integer; the first outer plate and the equal-height annular roller way have the depth A1 from the plate surface, the maximum diameter D of the first rolling element, the depth A2 from the slope peak of the second outer plate to the plate surface, the depth A3 from the slope valley of the second outer plate to the plate surface, the thickness H of the inner plate, and when all the rolling elements are positioned in the middle of the ramp, the clearance between the inner plate and the first outer plate and the clearance between the inner plate and the second outer plate are S0 in total, and the maximum displacement S of the first clutch drum from the initial state to the right satisfies the following relational expression: d > A1+ A3+ H, A1<1/2D, A3<1/2D, D-S0> S ≧ 1/2 (A3-A2).
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| CN202121742332.9U CN215720765U (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-07-29 | Linkage interlocking gear shifting actuating mechanism |
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| CN202121742332.9U CN215720765U (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-07-29 | Linkage interlocking gear shifting actuating mechanism |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115163695A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-10-11 | 福建中青传动科技有限公司 | Brake structure, transmission, vehicle and working method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115163695A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-10-11 | 福建中青传动科技有限公司 | Brake structure, transmission, vehicle and working method |
| CN115163695B (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2024-02-02 | 福建中青传动科技有限公司 | Brake structure, transmission, vehicle and working method |
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