CN113389858A

CN113389858A - Planetary gear transmission

Info

Publication number: CN113389858A
Application number: CN202010174848.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘建平
Original assignee: Fuzhou Ruizhi New Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Fujian Zhongqing Transmission Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-13
Filing date: 2020-03-13
Publication date: 2021-09-14
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-13
Also published as: CN113389858B

Abstract

The utility model provides a planetary gear derailleur, includes casing, planetary gear set, brake subassembly and clutch assembly, the brake subassembly is including setting up the dual piece between casing and planetary gear set, the rear side of dual piece is provided with wedge block group spare, and the front side is provided with the driver push disk, the rear side of wedge block group spare is provided with the backing sheet. The gear shifting process is smooth and has no power interruption; during braking, a traditional multi-plate friction plate and a one-way clutch are not needed, and the size of the gear shifting mechanism is small; the braking process does not need to compress the force of the multi-sheet friction pair, the requirement on the power of the driver is low, and the size, the cost and the energy consumption of the power device of the braking unit can be greatly reduced.

Description

Planetary gear transmission

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a planetary gear transmission, and more particularly to a planetary gear transmission using a wedge shift mechanism.

Background

In the field of traditional automobile planetary gear transmissions, a brake unit of a planetary gear transmission gear shifting actuating mechanism, a multi-plate wet brake and a one-way overrunning clutch are used simultaneously or a belt brake and the one-way overrunning clutch are used simultaneously and are generally applied, the multi-plate wet brake enables power transmission to be smooth and soft, the service life is long, downshift impact is effectively eliminated by application of the one-way overrunning clutch, gear shifting time is shortened, and energy loss is reduced.

However, the application of two units increases the cost and the volume of the transmission; the pressure required for pressing the friction plate is large, generally about 5000N, if the pressure is small, the friction plate is easy to slip and cannot effectively transmit power, the friction plate is easy to burn, and in order to ensure the pressing force, the size, the cost and the energy loss of the gear shifting power source device are increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a planetary gear transmission.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a planetary gear derailleur, includes casing, planet row, brake subassembly and clutch assembly, brake subassembly is including setting up the wedge dual piece between casing and planet row, the rear side of dual piece is provided with wedge block subassembly, and the front side is provided with the driver and pushes away the dish, the rear side of wedge block subassembly is provided with the backing sheet.

Further, the wedge block subassembly includes by preceding wedge friction disc, connecting rod, elastomer and the separation blade that sets gradually after to, the wedge friction disc sets up with the wedge dual piece relatively, and the elastomer both ends lean on separation blade, wedge friction disc respectively or respectively with separation blade, wedge friction disc fixed connection, a slice fixed connection in connecting rod one end and separation blade or the wedge friction disc, the connecting rod other end and wedge friction disc or separation blade sliding connection, with connecting rod fixed connection be the stationary blade, sliding connection be the activity piece, both sides fixed mounting has the stopper around the activity piece on the connecting rod.

Further, be provided with at least one wedge portion on the wedge friction disc in the face relative with the wedge dual piece, wedge portion one side is the face that blocks of inclined plane, opposite side for perpendicular or approximate perpendicular to wedge friction disc, is provided with hole portion, slot part or wedge convex part on the wedge dual piece in the face relative with the wedge friction disc, and wedge convex part one side is inclined plane, opposite side for blocking the face, and hole portion, slot part or wedge convex part and wedge portion one-to-one set up, the size of hole portion or slot part is greater than the size of wedge portion.

Further, when a plurality of wedge-shaped parts are arranged, the circumferences of the wedge-shaped parts are uniformly distributed on the wedge-shaped friction plate.

Furthermore, the planet row comprises a sun gear, a planet carrier and a gear ring, one of the sun gear, the planet carrier and the gear ring is a braking component, the outer ring of the braking component is provided with a spline groove, and the wedge-shaped block friction plate and the blocking piece are connected with the spline groove of the braking component in a sliding mode through a spline arranged on the inner ring of the wedge-shaped block friction plate or one of the wedge-shaped block friction plate and the blocking piece.

Furthermore, an internal spline is arranged in the shell, and the wedge-shaped block dual piece is connected with the shell in a sliding mode through an external spline arranged on the outer ring of the wedge-shaped block dual piece.

Furthermore, the front side of the driver pushing disc is provided with a driver, and the driver comprises a piston, a piston cavity and a sealing ring.

Furthermore, the clutch assembly comprises a clutch drum, a clutch push disc, a clutch piston cavity, a clutch piston, a clutch sealing ring, a clutch friction plate and a clutch dual plate, wherein the clutch friction plate is in sliding connection with a spline groove of the braking component through a spline of an inner ring of the clutch friction plate, and the clutch drum is fixedly connected with one of the non-braking component or in spline connection with the non-braking component.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

a) the gear shifting process is smooth and has no power interruption;

b) during braking, a traditional multi-plate friction plate and a one-way clutch are not needed, and the size of the gear shifting mechanism is small;

c) the braking process does not need to compress the force of the multi-sheet friction pair, the requirement on the power of the driver is low, and the size, the cost and the energy consumption of the power device of the braking unit can be greatly reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a wedge friction plate;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a wedge;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a dual segment of a wedge;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a two-speed planetary-row (CR-CR configuration) transmission;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a Ravigneaux type ring-less three speed transmission;

in the figure: 1-shell, 2-planet row, 3-clutch component, 4-wedge dual piece, 5-driver push disc, 6-support piece, 7-wedge friction piece, 8-connecting rod, 9-elastic body, 10-baffle plate, 11-limiting block, 12-wedge part, 13-hole part, 14-piston cavity, 15-sealing ring, 16-piston, 17-sun gear, 18-planet carrier and 19-gear ring.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Refer to fig. 1-4.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the planetary gear transmission comprises a shell 1, a planetary gear set 2, a brake assembly and a clutch assembly 3, wherein the brake assembly comprises a wedge block dual sheet 4 arranged between the shell and the planetary gear set, the rear side of the wedge block dual sheet is provided with a wedge block assembly, the front side of the wedge block dual sheet is provided with a driver push disc 5, and the rear side of the wedge block assembly is provided with a support sheet 6.

In this embodiment, the wedge block subassembly includes by preceding wedge friction disc 7, connecting rod 8, elastomer 9 and the separation blade 10 that sets gradually after to, the wedge friction disc sets up with the wedge dual piece relatively, and the elastomer both ends lean on separation blade, wedge friction disc respectively or be connected fixedly with separation blade, wedge friction disc respectively, a slice fixed connection in connecting rod one end and separation blade or the wedge friction disc, the connecting rod other end and wedge friction disc or separation blade sliding connection, with connecting rod fixed connection be the stationary blade, sliding connection be the activity piece, both sides fixed mounting has stopper 11 around the activity piece on the connecting rod, the specific type of stopper contains but not limited to a part of jump ring, round pin, bolt head, nut or connecting rod. Due to the existence of the limiting block, the distance between the wedge-shaped friction plate and the blocking piece under the pushing of the wedge-shaped dual piece is changed within a certain range.

In this embodiment, be provided with at least one wedge portion 12 on the face opposite with the wedge dual piece on the wedge friction piece, wedge portion one side is the inclined plane, the opposite side is the face that blocks of perpendicular to wedge friction piece, is provided with hole portion, slot part or wedge convex part on the wedge dual piece with the face opposite of wedge friction piece, and wedge convex part one side is the inclined plane, the opposite side is the face that blocks, and hole portion, slot part or wedge convex part and wedge one-to-one set up.

In this embodiment, when a plurality of wedge portions are provided, the wedge portions are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the wedge friction plate.

In this embodiment, the planetary row includes a sun gear 17, a planet carrier 18, and a ring gear 19, one of which is a brake member, in this embodiment, the ring gear is selected as the brake member, an outer ring of the brake member is provided with spline grooves, and both or one of the wedge friction plates and the blocking plates are slidably connected with the spline grooves of the brake member through splines arranged on an inner ring of the wedge friction plate and the blocking plates.

Preferably, the pair of pieces are provided with hole parts 13, the wedge-shaped parts on the wedge-shaped block friction plates are provided with inclined planes, and when the positive rotation is input and the wedge-shaped block friction plates rotate relative to the wedge-shaped block pair pieces, the inclined planes rotate relative to the wedge-shaped block pair pieces from low to high; the wedge part on the wedge friction plate is provided with a blocking surface which is distributed on the high side of the inclined plane, and when the gear ring of the planet row has a reverse trend, the blocking surface is blocked by the blocking surface of the wedge dual plate, so that the gear ring of the planet row is braked.

In this embodiment, the size of the hole portion or the groove portion is larger than that of the wedge portion, when the wedge pair piece and the wedge friction piece are rotatably connected, the wedge portion can be wedged into the hole, when the gear ring of the planet row rotates forwards, the wedge portion on the wedge friction piece slides across the edge of the hole on the wedge pair piece from low to high, when the gear ring of the planet row rotates backwards, the blocking surface on the wedge portion is blocked by the blocking surface on the wedge pair piece, and the relative rotation cannot be performed, so that the gear ring of the planet row is braked.

In this embodiment, the housing is provided with an internal spline, and the wedge pair is slidably connected to the housing through an external spline provided on an outer ring of the wedge pair.

Of course, the friction plate and the blocking piece of the wedge block can also be provided with an external spline on the outer ring to be in sliding connection with the shell instead of an internal spline, and at the moment, the dual plate of the wedge block is not provided with an external spline but is provided with an internal spline on the inner ring to be in sliding connection with the spline groove of the gear ring of the planet row.

In this embodiment, a driver is disposed on the front side of the driver push disc, a thrust source of the driver includes, but is not limited to, electromagnetic, hydraulic, pneumatic, electric push rod, worm gear and other mechanical forces, preferably, the hydraulic driver is selected in this embodiment, and includes a piston cavity 14, a seal ring 15 and a piston 16, the piston cavity is pressurized during braking, when the braking is released, the front section rebounds by an elastic body to push the piston backward to extrude hydraulic oil, and the rear section squeezes the piston by inertia and oil film pressure during relative sliding and grinding of a friction plate of a wedge block and a counter plate of the wedge block to make the piston backward; the electronic oil pump can also be used for pumping oil, so that the piston cavity is subjected to negative pressure to return the piston.

In this embodiment, the clutch assembly is composed of a clutch drum, a clutch push plate, a clutch piston cavity, a clutch piston, a clutch seal ring, a clutch friction plate, and a clutch counter plate, wherein the clutch friction plate is slidably connected with a spline groove of the gear ring through a spline of an inner ring of the clutch friction plate, and the clutch drum is fixedly connected with the sun gear or connected with the sun gear through the spline.

The working principle is as follows: when the down-shift is needed, the pressure of the clutch piston cavity is gradually reduced until the pressure is negative, correspondingly, the clutch piston and the clutch driver push disc gradually retreat, and the clutch friction plate and the clutch dual plate are worn and gradually separated. Meanwhile, the driver push disc applies pressure to the wedge block dual piece, the wedge block dual piece is gradually jointed with the wedge block friction piece, the wedge block assembly is pushed to move axially to the support piece, when the gap between the wedge block dual piece and the wedge block friction piece as well as the gap between the baffle and the support piece is zero, the driver push disc continuously pushes the wedge block dual piece to move towards the support piece, the wedge block friction piece is driven by the gear ring to continuously rotate, the inclined plane of the wedge part on the wedge block friction piece rotates relative to the wedge block dual piece along the edge of the hole on the wedge block dual piece from low to high, when the inclined plane of the wedge part slides to the edge of the wedge block dual piece from high, the elastic body is compressed, the wedge block friction piece can be ensured to continuously rotate, and the gear ring cannot be instantaneously braked to cause impact. And because the clutch is separated, the force which drives the gear ring to rotate in the original rotating direction is reduced until the force is cancelled, the rotating speed of the gear ring is gradually reduced under the action of other members in the planet row, when the rotating speed is reduced to 0 and has a reverse rotating trend, the blocking surface of the wedge-shaped part is jointed with the blocking surface of the wedge-shaped block dual piece, and the wedge-shaped block dual piece limits the reverse rotation of the wedge-shaped block friction plate, so that the purpose of braking the gear ring is achieved. According to the transmission rule of the planet wheel, the sun wheel inputs, the gear ring brakes, and the power after speed reduction and torque increase is transmitted to the output shaft from the planet carrier.

When the brake is lifted and released, the pressure of a piston cavity of the brake is gradually reduced, the pressure of the wedge-shaped block pair piece is gradually reduced, the wedge-shaped block friction plate moves towards a push disc direction of a driver under the elastic action of the elastomer, the compressed elastomer is gradually released, when the elastomer is released to a certain amount, the friction force in the clutch combining process drives the wedge-shaped block friction plate and the gear ring to rotate forwards from 0, when the high position of the inclined plane of the wedge-shaped part is connected with the edge of the hole of the wedge-shaped block pair piece, the elastomer is extruded, and the wedge-shaped block friction plate and the wedge-shaped block pair piece can rotate relatively until the wedge-shaped part and. When the clutch is combined, the pressure of the piston cavity of the clutch is gradually increased until the designed pressure is reached. Correspondingly, the clutch piston pushes the clutch push disc, the clutch push disc presses the clutch friction plate and the clutch dual plate to enable the clutch friction plate and the clutch dual plate to be smoothly and gradually combined, and the rotational speed of the gear ring is gradually brought to be the same as that of the sun gear in the sliding process. Thus, the gear ring and the sun gear rotate synchronously and hold the planet carrier to rotate synchronously, the transmission is a direct gear, and the gear is shifted up.

Because the gear shifting process is separated and braked at the same time, the clutch is separated in a sliding way in the separating process, and the gear ring is gradually reduced to 0 from high rotating speed in the braking process of the brake, the gear shifting process is smooth and has no power interruption.

When the electric vehicle needs to reverse, the clutch is completely separated, the driver push disc pushes the wedge friction plate to the designed limit position, the elastic body can not be compressed any more, when the input shaft rotates reversely, although the gear ring tends to rotate forwards, liquid in the piston cavity has no compression performance, the driver push disc can not be pushed backwards, and the wedge friction plate can not rotate relative to the wedge friction plate by utilizing the inclined surface to block, so that the gear ring is braked, and the reverse gear is realized.

Of course, as shown in fig. 5, a two-speed transmission of a double planetary row (CR-CR structure) can be formed by a simple modification of the present invention. A ravigneaux type ring-less three-speed transmission can also be formed by a simple modification of the present invention as shown in fig. 6.

If the invention discloses or relates to parts or structures which are fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a planetary gear derailleur, includes casing, planet row, brake subassembly and clutch assembly, its characterized in that, brake subassembly is including setting up the wedge dual piece between casing and planet row, the rear side of dual piece is provided with wedge block subassembly, and the front side is provided with the driver push disk, the rear side of wedge block subassembly is provided with the backing sheet.

2. The planetary gear transmission according to claim 1, wherein the wedge assembly includes a wedge friction plate, a connecting rod, an elastic body and a blocking plate sequentially arranged from front to back, the wedge friction plate and the wedge dual plate are oppositely arranged, two ends of the elastic body respectively abut against the blocking plate and the wedge friction plate or are respectively fixedly connected with the blocking plate and the wedge friction plate, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the blocking plate or one of the wedge friction plates, the other end of the connecting rod is slidably connected with the wedge friction plate or the blocking plate, the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a fixing plate, the sliding connection is a movable plate, and the connecting rod is fixedly provided with limiting blocks at the front side and the back side of the movable plate.

3. The planetary gear transmission according to claim 2, wherein at least one wedge portion is provided on a face of the wedge friction plate opposite to the wedge counter plate, one side of the wedge portion is an inclined face, the other side of the wedge portion is a blocking face perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the wedge friction plate, a hole portion, a groove portion or a wedge protrusion portion is provided on a face of the wedge counter plate opposite to the wedge friction plate, one side of the wedge protrusion portion is an inclined face, the other side of the wedge protrusion portion is a blocking face, the hole portion, the groove portion or the wedge protrusion portion and the wedge portion are provided in a one-to-one correspondence, and the size of the hole portion or the groove portion is larger than that of the wedge portion.

4. A planetary transmission as claimed in claim 3, wherein when a plurality of wedges are provided, each wedge is circumferentially spaced on a wedge plate.

5. A planetary gear transmission as claimed in claim 3, wherein the planetary gear train comprises a sun gear, a planet carrier and a ring gear, one of which is a brake member, the outer ring of the brake member is provided with spline grooves, and the or each wedge friction plate and the or each baffle plate are slidably connected with the spline grooves of the brake member through splines arranged on the inner ring of the wedge friction plate and the or each baffle plate.

6. A planetary transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the housing has internal splines and the pair of wedges are slidably connected to the housing by external splines on the outer race of the wedge.

7. A planetary transmission according to claim 1, wherein the driver is provided on the front side of the driver thrust plate, the driver comprising a piston, a piston cavity and a sealing ring.

8. A planetary transmission according to claim 5, wherein the clutch assembly comprises a clutch drum, a clutch push plate, a clutch piston cavity, a clutch piston, a clutch seal, a clutch friction plate, and a clutch counter plate, the clutch friction plate is slidably connected with the spline groove of the brake member through the spline of the inner ring of the clutch friction plate, and the clutch drum is fixed to or splined with one of the non-brake member.