CN215676982U

CN215676982U - Theodolite with internal target

Info

Publication number: CN215676982U
Application number: CN202121971044.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孔雪昕
Original assignee: Suzhou Hailixingda Electronics Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Hailixingda Electronics Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-21
Filing date: 2021-08-21
Publication date: 2022-01-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-21

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of optical measurement, and discloses a theodolite with an internal target, which comprises a telescope (110) and a vertical shaft (108), and is characterized in that: the telescope is composed of an objective lens (101), a focusing lens (102), a visual reticle (103), an ocular lens (104), a reflector (105), an inner target reticle (106) and an illuminating lamp (107); the telescope is arranged right above the vertical shaft (108) and can rotate 360 degrees along with the vertical shaft, and the center of the vertical shaft (108) is the center of the theodolite; the telescope consists of a visual aiming light path and an inner target light path, wherein the optical paths are axially overlapped, and the left-right symmetrical axis of the virtual image (109) is overlapped with the center of the telescope by adjusting the position of an inner target reticle (106). The utility model has the following main beneficial effects: the center of the objective lens is accurately superposed with the center of the instrument, so that the precision is high, the aiming is easy, and the aiming precision in high-precision measurement is ensured.

Description

Theodolite with internal target

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of optical measurement, in particular to a theodolite with an internal target.

Background

Theodolite is a measuring instrument designed according to the principle of goniometry for measuring horizontal and vertical angles, and is divided into two types, optical theodolite and electronic theodolite, the most common being electronic theodolite. The theodolite is a mechanical part of the telescope, which enables the telescope to point in different directions. The theodolite is provided with two mutually vertical rotating shafts so as to adjust the azimuth angle and the horizontal height of the telescope. The theodolite is an angle measuring instrument equipped with a sighting part, a horizontal scale and a reading index, and a vertical scale and a reading index. Theodolite is a precision measuring instrument for measuring angles in a measurement task, and can be used for measuring angles, engineering lofting and rough distance finding. The whole set of the instrument consists of an instrument and a foot rest part. During measurement, the theodolite is arranged on a tripod, the center of the instrument is aligned to a ground measuring station by a plumb ball or an optical plummet, the instrument is leveled by a level gauge, a telescope is used for aiming at a measuring target, and a horizontal dial and a vertical dial are used for measuring a horizontal angle and a vertical angle. The method comprises the following steps of dividing the method into a precise theodolite and a common theodolite according to the precision; the reading equipment can be divided into an optical theodolite and a vernier theodolite; it is divided into surveying theodolite and direction theodolite according to the axis structure. In addition, there are coded dial theodolites that can automatically record dial readings as coded perforations; an automatic tracking theodolite capable of continuously and automatically aiming at an aerial target; a gyrotheodolite and a laser theodolite which can rapidly and independently measure the ground point orientation by using the gyrotheodometry principle; the all-round theodolite has three functions of a theodolite, a meridian instrument and a zenith instrument and is used for astronomical observation; a photographing theodolite which combines the camera and the theodolite and is used for ground photographing measurement.

In a theodolite measurement system built with multiple theodolites, every two theodolites need to aim at the center of each other to establish an angular association. However, the conventional theodolite does not have a central mark and cannot be directly aimed. There are currently two solutions: the first method comprises the following steps: aiming two points of the excircle diameter of the telescope objective lens twice respectively, and then solving the centers of the two points; the second method comprises the following steps: and a mark point is pasted at the center of the objective lens. The limitation of both methods is that only the center of the objective lens is aimed, which does not coincide exactly with the center of the instrument. Aiming accuracy cannot be guaranteed in high-accuracy measurement.

CN111504285A discloses a theodolite-type laser coarse pointing mechanism, which includes: the pitching shaft assembly and the pitching auxiliary support assembly are respectively arranged on two side walls of the U-shaped frame, and the azimuth shaft assembly penetrates through the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame to be arranged; two ends of the load are respectively connected with the pitching shaft assembly and the pitching auxiliary support assembly; two ends of the pitching shaft locking arm are respectively connected with the load and the pitching shaft locking and releasing device; the coil part and the armature part of the parking electromagnet are respectively connected with the pitching shaft locking and releasing device and the pitching shaft locking arm; two ends of the azimuth shaft locking arm are respectively connected with the U-shaped frame azimuth shaft locking and releasing device; the light path component is arranged outside the pitching auxiliary support component. The wireless communication device solves the problems of low data transmission rate, low tracking precision, poor long-distance communication quality, low response speed, low tracking bandwidth, more signal energy dissipation, larger space size, high transportation and emission cost and the like of the traditional radio frequency antenna turntable communication device.

CN108828765A discloses a Kude optical path adjusting method based on double theodolites, wherein the Kude optical path is arranged in a turntable, and the adjusting method comprises the following steps: (1) installing a first reflector and an auxiliary plane reflector, placing a first theodolite, and adjusting to enable a cross hair image received by the theodolite to be superposed with a cross hair of the theodolite; (2) removing the auxiliary plane reflector, placing a second reflector and a second theodolite, and adjusting to ensure that the cross hair image received by the second theodolite is superposed with the cross hair of the second theodolite and does not rotate along with the rotation of the rotary table; (3) and installing a fourth reflector, placing a third reflector, moving the second theodolite, and adjusting to ensure that the cross hair image received by the second theodolite is superposed with the cross hair of the second theodolite, and the cross hair image does not rotate along with the rotation of the rotary table. The high-precision alignment problem of each plane reflector in the adjusting of the KudeDe optical path can be effectively solved by improving the whole step flow setting and the like of the adjusting method.

The above prior art does not solve the proposed problems and is complicated and costly.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a theodolite with an internal target, which is implemented by the following technical solution.

A theodolite with an internal target comprises a telescope and a vertical shaft, and is characterized in that: the telescope consists of an objective lens, a focusing lens, a visual reticle, an ocular lens, a reflective mirror, an internal target reticle and an illuminating lamp; the telescope is arranged right above the vertical shaft, the telescope can rotate along with the vertical shaft, the vertical shaft can rotate, and the center of the vertical shaft is the center of the theodolite; the telescope consists of a visual aiming light path and an internal target light path, and the visual aiming light path consists of an objective lens, a focusing lens, a visual reticle and an ocular lens; the inner target light path is composed of an objective lens, a reflector, an inner target reticle and an illuminating lamp; the two optical paths use the same objective lens to form a common optical path telescope system; the two light paths are axially overlapped; the distant objective lens is imaged on a visual reticle through an objective lens and a focusing lens, and then is amplified through an ocular lens to enter eyes of an observer; an illuminating lamp in the optical path of the inner target illuminates the inner target reticle, light rays are reflected by a reflector and then imaged by an objective lens, and the imaged image is a virtual image; the left-right symmetry axis of the virtual image coincides with the center of the instrument by adjusting the position of the inner target reticle.

The theodolite with the internal target is characterized in that the reflecting mirror is a spectroscope.

The theodolite with the inner target is characterized in that the inner target reticle is a cylindrical plate.

The theodolite with the inner target is characterized in that the material of the dividing plate of the inner target is glass or metal.

Further, the theodolite with the inner target is characterized in that the middle of the dividing plate of the inner target is provided with a light-transmitting hole.

Further, the theodolite with the inner target is characterized in that the inner target reticle is internally provided with a cross and five light-transmitting holes.

Further, the theodolite with the inner target is characterized in that the center inside the inner target reticle is provided with a light-transmitting cross.

The utility model has the following main beneficial effects: the center of the objective lens is accurately superposed with the center of the instrument, so that the precision is high, the aiming is easy, and the aiming precision in high-precision measurement is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical path structure of an implementation of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional configuration of an inner target for use in the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a further cross-sectional configuration of an inner target for use in the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a further cross-sectional configuration of an inner target for use in the present application.

In order that those skilled in the art will more accurately and clearly understand and practice the present application, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 101-objective lens, 102-focusing lens, 103-visual reticle, 104-eyepiece lens, 105-reflector, 106-internal target reticle, 107-illuminating lamp, 108-vertical axis, 109-virtual image, 110-telescope; the inner target reticle may also be referred to as inner target for short.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in the present application, an objective lens 101, a focusing lens 102, a visual reticle 103, an eyepiece 104, a reflective mirror 105, an internal target reticle 106, and an illumination lamp 107 together form a telescope 110; the telescope 110 is mounted directly above the vertical axis 108 and rotates with the vertical axis 108, the vertical axis 108 being rotatable through 360 degrees, the center of the vertical axis 108 being the theodolite center.

The application provides a telescope of theodolite comprises two light paths: the first optical path is called a visual aiming optical path and is composed of an objective lens 101, a focusing lens 102, a visual reticle 103 and an ocular lens 104; the distant objective lens is imaged on a visual reticle 103 through an objective lens 101 and a focusing lens 102, and then is magnified by an ocular lens 104 to enter the eyes of an observer; the second optical path, called the inner target optical path, is composed of an objective lens 101, a reflective mirror 105, an inner target reticle 106 and an illumination lamp 107; the two optical paths use the same objective lens 101 to form a common-path telescope system.

The two light paths are axially overlapped.

The illumination lamp 107 in the second optical path illuminates the inner target reticle 106, the light is reflected by the reflector 105 and then imaged through the objective lens 101, and the imaged image is a virtual image 109; by adjusting the position of the inner target reticle 106, the left-right symmetry axis of the virtual image 109 coincides with the instrument center.

The reflective mirror 105 is used for splitting the optical path, and may be a beam splitter in this application.

In the present application, in the example of an inner target reticle, which is a cylindrical plate in fig. 2, there is a light transmitting aperture in the middle; FIG. 3 shows a cylindrical plate with a cross inside and five light holes; FIG. 4 is a cylindrical plate with a light-transmissive cross in the center of the interior; other shapes are also possible.

The inner target reticle can be made of light-transmitting plates, metal plates and the like, is only one mark, and is best when the inner target reticle is considered to be a straight line; the material may be made of glass sheet, metal sheet, or the like.

In the method, a mark point is arranged in a theodolite telescope light path, the mark point forms a virtual image 109 for a telescope objective lens 101, and the image point is positioned in the center of an instrument; aiming this index point is equivalent to aiming the instrument center.

A theodolite with an internal target, comprising a telescope 110, a vertical axis 108, characterized in that: the telescope 110 is composed of an objective lens 101, a focusing lens 102, a visual reticle 103, an ocular lens 104, a reflective mirror 105, an internal target reticle 106 and an illuminating lamp 107; the telescope 110 is arranged right above the vertical shaft 108, the telescope 110 can rotate along with the vertical shaft 108, the vertical shaft 108 can rotate by 360 degrees, and the center of the vertical shaft 108 is the center of the theodolite; the telescope consists of a visual aiming light path and an internal target light path, wherein the visual aiming light path consists of an objective lens 101, a focusing lens 102, a visual reticle 103 and an ocular lens 104; the inner target optical path is constituted by an objective lens 101, a mirror 105, an inner target reticle 106, and an illumination lamp 107; the two optical paths use the same objective lens 101 to form a common-path telescope system; the two light paths are axially overlapped; the distant objective lens is imaged on a visual reticle 103 through an objective lens 101 and a focusing lens 102, and then is magnified by an ocular lens 104 to enter the eyes of an observer; an illumination lamp 107 in the optical path of the inner target illuminates the inner target reticle 106, the light is reflected by the reflector 105 and imaged by the objective lens 101, and the imaged image is a virtual image 109; by adjusting the position of the inner target reticle 106, the left-right symmetry axis of the virtual image 109 coincides with the instrument center.

The in-band target theodolite has the characteristics of high precision, easiness in aiming, self-lighting, no need of external lighting and the like.

The novel point of the application is that the theodolite shares two optical paths, and the bilateral symmetry axis of the virtual image coincides with the center of the instrument by adjusting the position of the inner target reticle, so that the technical problem of accurate aiming is solved, and the prior art has no related inspiration.

In this application, reflector, interior target graticule, light are newly-increased among the prior art, and other components and parts are the same among the prior art.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A theodolite with an internal target comprising a telescope (110), a vertical axis (108), characterized in that: the telescope (110) is composed of an objective lens (101), a focusing lens (102), a visual reticle (103), an ocular lens (104), a reflector (105), an inner target reticle (106) and an illuminating lamp (107); the telescope (110) is arranged right above the vertical shaft (108), the telescope (110) can rotate along with the vertical shaft (108), the vertical shaft (108) can rotate for 360 degrees, and the center of the vertical shaft (108) is the center of the theodolite; the telescope consists of a visual aiming light path and an internal target light path, wherein the visual aiming light path consists of an objective lens (101), a focusing lens (102), a visual reticle (103) and an eyepiece lens (104); the inner target light path is composed of an objective lens (101), a reflector (105), an inner target reticle (106) and an illuminating lamp (107); the two optical paths use the same objective lens (101) to form a common-path telescope system; the two light paths are axially overlapped; the distant objective lens is imaged on a visual reticle (103) through an objective lens (101) and a focusing lens (102), and then is amplified through an ocular lens (104) to enter the eyes of an observer; an illuminating lamp (107) in the optical path of the inner target illuminates an inner target reticle (106), light rays are reflected by a reflector (105) and then imaged through an objective lens (101), and the imaged image is a virtual image (109); by adjusting the position of the inner target reticle (106), the left-right symmetry axis of the virtual image (109) coincides with the instrument center.

2. A theodolite with an internal target according to claim 1, characterized in that said reflecting mirrors (105) are beam splitters.

3. A theodolite with an inner target according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner target reticle (106) is a cylindrical plate.

4. A theodolite with an inner target according to claim 3, characterized in that the material of the inner target reticle (106) is glass or metal.

5. A theodolite with an inner target according to claim 3 or claim 4, characterized in that the inner target reticle (106) has a light transmitting aperture in the middle.

6. Theodolite with an inner target according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the inner target reticle (106) has a cross inside and five light-transmitting apertures.

7. Theodolite with an inner target according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the inner target reticle (106) has a light-transmitting cross in the center of its interior.