CN2156396Y - Powder coal fluidized bed gasified furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the novel gasified furnace of a powder coal fluidized bed. The novel gasified furnace of a powder coal fluidized bed is mainly and additionally provided with a burner, a coal feeding device, and an ash cooling device on an original gasified furnace, and the interior of the furnace body is additionally provided with a wind distributing plate. Powder coal produced by the coal feeding device and the ash separator of the gasified furnace is delivered to the burner to burn in a short time, and then is delivered to the gasified furnace. The lower part of the wind distributing plate in the gasified furnace is provided with a burner inlet, an air inlet, an ash exhausting port, and a gasifying agent inlet which are reasonably installed to enable the powder coal to do gasifying reaction as much as possible; while ash material which can not react forms ash agglomeration in the gasified furnace and is exhausted by the ash cooling device. Thus, carbon in the powder coal can be used fully, and the utility model can select the granules of the ash agglomeration.

Description

Powder coal fluidized bed gasified furnace

A kind of novel powdered coal fluidized-bed gasification furnace relates to and utilizes fine coal to produce coal gas, belongs to chemical branch in chemistry, the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry.

Since this century, the gasification technology of coal is progressively developed, fixed bed has appearred, fluid bed, gasifying process such as air flow bed and the phenomenon of depositing, difference according to raw material properties difference and product requirement, gasifying process there are different requirements, (0-6mm or 0～10MM) gasification can generate to utilize fine coal, low-calorie coal gas, but present Gas Production technology is not high to the utilization rate of fine coal, limited its development, this mainly is to exist not burned just being taken out of to the greatest extent of a large amount of fine powders to emit or when the ash discharge of bed body, the phosphorus content of ash is very high, causes a large amount of wastes.Be embodied in: 1. in present fluidized-bed gasification furnace, after the mixed coal of 0-6mm or 0-10mm is gone into stove, easily carried gasification furnace by the vapour uprising gas, after the separated collection of cyclone dust removal, sent back in the gasification furnace again, but very fast in fact again quilt is taken stove out of in stove, and reaction seldom causes the circulation and the accumulation of fine powder material.2. aspect the ash reunion, only carry out ash and reunite in central gas stream, after the ash discharge granularity was selected, this strand air-flow was determined, thereby is carried out the leeway that grey ability of reuniting does not just have adjusting yet.3. central gas stream is a high velocity air, is cloth wind and form bubbling fluidized bed at a slow speed around it, has one to contain the oxygen district at bubbling bed inner bottom part, it on it reducing zone, the oxygen on range top can consume the coal gas that the Feng Pao district produces, and has reduced the outlet gas quality, and this is disadvantageous.

The purpose of this utility model just provide a kind of can be with energy in fine powder and the ash especially with the novel powdered coal fluidized-bed gasification furnace of the more effective utilization of carbon.

The utility model is following realization: at gasification furnace peripheral hardware burner, coal supply apparatus and ash cooler, establish air distribution plate in body of heater inside, establish air intlet, gasifying agent import, ash discharging hole in the body of heater bottom; Wherein: there is opening at the center and is arranged on the bottom of gasification furnace charge door to the centroclinal air distribution plate of body of heater; Coal supply apparatus by add coal bunker, add coal bin, the L type pipeline and the coal bin of two series connection formed, the coal lower box part communicates with coal bin top through the L of two series connection type pipeline, the bottom of L type pipeline communicates with air intake duct respectively, and the coal bin top exit communicates with burner top through pipeline; Burner communicates with gasification furnace through U type pipeline, and its pipe outlet is the air distribution plate opening, gasification furnace center and be positioned at U type pipe outlet and be provided with bell mouth shape ash material mouthful; Around U type pipe outlet be air intlet, U type pipeline base can communicate with air intake duct; Air inlet and steam air inlet are set on the burner; The outer whirlwind deduster of gasification furnace communicates with burner is suitable for reading through two L type pipelines.The bottom of L type pipeline communicates with air intake duct respectively; Ash cooler is straight tubular construction, is the straight tube of bell mouth shape top and is positioned at burner U type pipe outlet center, and straight tube center is provided with tubular heat exchange pond, and the tubular heat exchange is provided with wind distributing mesh in the pond, and its base communicates with steam inlet.During concrete the use, in stove, add the fine coal material by charge door, produce coal gas behind the gasification reaction, come out of the stove by gas exit, some fine powders that do not have to have reacted then flow to cyclone dust collectors with gas, and entering burner through the L of two series connection type pipeline through isolated fine powder Jiao of cyclone dust collectors, the air intake duct effect of the bottom of L type pipeline is respectively: do the adjusting of Solid Conveying and Melting material conveying capacity, 2. as carrying gas 1..Adding coal bunker through two and hocket to add and enter in the coal case through being equipped with fine coal that coal handles in addition, add coal bunker and replace coal with two its tops are all valvular, is in order to guarantee whole system energy continuous charging.The fine coal that adds in the coal bin is delivered to the coal bin upper space through the L type pipeline of two series connection with air and form a cyclonic separation effect in coal bin, and to the big solid of particle can be fallen by nature, the fines that rises with air-flow then enters burner through pipeline.In burner, fines and fine powder Jiao are burned, and its steam inlet is used for regulating temperature, and to prevent the liquid slag, the fine powder that the air-flow band after the burning is sent to participation reunion and gasification reaction in the gasification furnace through U type pipeline.Carbon in the fine powder obtains burning, produces heat and brings gasification furnace into, is the gasification reaction heat supply.In gasification furnace since around U type pipe outlet for not containing or vapoury air intlet less; air intlet top can produce high temperature, reunites and carry out ash, produces the bulky grain soot particle; when ash material pipe air-flow can not hold up the bulky grain soot particle, the bulky grain soot particle freely dropped in the straight tube of ash cooler.In ash cooler, wind distributing mesh is arranged owing in the heat exchange pond; the soot particle of heat is piled up in wind distributing mesh; the steam that is used to select ash discharge to control of bottom, heat exchange pond is blown into participation reaction in the gasification furnace after becoming superheated steam with hot soot particle heat exchange, the soot particle after the heat exchange is discharged from the ash cooler lower part outlet.For the purpose of connecting material smoothly, top, heat exchange pond can be provided with the horn-like ash bucket that connects.

Aforesaid novel powdered coal fluidized-bed gasification furnace; utilize burner in burner, to be burnt earlier with fine powder Jiao and the fines in the conveyance conduit that coal gas is taken out of; deliver in the gasification furnace again; be provided with not vapoury air intlet around its outlet; produce high temperature; be convenient to ash and reunite, the bulky grain soot particle is discharged through ash cooler.The accumulation and the circulation of fine powder material have been avoided.In addition since the structure of stove bottom institute extremely, the ash discharge particle can be selected, and is used for grey reunion air capacity flexible modulation, it is adjustable to be convenient to grey reunion ability; The quantity of steam of selecting ash discharge to use is determined according to the ash discharge granule size, has also avoided the high speed oxygen air-flow to consume coal gas.

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a front view of the present utility model:

Wherein: 1. steam-gas inlet; 2. ash cooler; 3. connect ash bucket; 4. burner U type pipeline; 5. air intlet; 6. gasifying agent import; 7. gasification furnace; 8. cyclone dust collectors; 9.L type pipeline; 10. coal bin; 11. add coal bunker; 12. add coal bin; 13. air intlet; 14. air intlet; 15. steam inlet; 16. air intlet; 17. burner; 18. wind distributing mesh;

As shown in Figure 1, the powdered coal fluidized bed gasification stove is provided with air distribution plate in stove, and air intlet, gasifying agent import, the outlet of ash reunion material are established in the air distribution plate bottom, at gasification furnace peripheral hardware burner, coal supply apparatus and cooler.By the overall cloth wind design in gasification furnace shown in Figure 1 bottom following function is arranged, 1. normal gasifying agent imports " steam adds air (oxygen) "; 2. grey reunion gas " air "; 3. select ash discharge gas (steam); 4. fine powder is gone into stove from combustor exit; Comprise above function cloth wind and can reach following target, be accompanied by common gasifying agent and go into stove and make the reaction of bed fluidisation and generating gasification, make the consumption of bed material carbon content to contain grey degree accumulation.This process adopts grey reunion oxygen supply air-flow to make and produces localized hyperthermia and grey reunion condition in the gasification furnace, different according to the raw material load, regulate this oxidizing gas stream and grey reunion speed flexibility is regulated, special design fine powder burner fine powder in raw coal burns in advance and is able to further burning by the thin ash of outlet of still, the high temperature place is distinguished in the ash reunion that the dry state ash is sent into gasification furnace through two gap structures (burner U type pipe outlet and air intlet), and thin ash participates in reunion; And pure steam enters in the stove after the ash cooler heat exchange heats up, and selects suitable speed can control the granule size and the ashing capacity of ash discharge, and this is one of the utility model major part.Fine powder at coal bin is delivered in the coal bin through two L type pipelines, owing to be pneumatic structure, does not have the machinery action, thereby simple, by regulating tolerance, just reaches the purpose of regulating amount of solid, has eliminated the defective of mechanical feed easy break-down, stifled card etc. in the past, and is easy to operate.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of novel powdered coal fluidized-bed gasification furnace is characterized in that: at gasification furnace peripheral hardware burner, coal supply apparatus and ash cooler, establish air distribution plate in body of heater inside, establish air intlet, gasifying agent import, ash discharging hole in the body of heater bottom; Wherein: there is opening at the center and is arranged on the bottom of gasification furnace charge door to the centroclinal air distribution plate of body of heater; Coal supply apparatus by add coal bunker, add coal bin, the L type pipeline and the coal bin of two series connection formed, the coal lower box part communicates with coal bin top through the L of two series connection type pipeline, the bottom of L type pipeline communicates with air intake duct respectively, and the coal bin top exit communicates with burner top through pipeline; Burner communicates with gasification furnace through U type pipeline, and its pipe outlet is the air distribution plate opening, gasification furnace center and be positioned at U type pipe outlet and be provided with the bell mouth shape ash discharging hole; Around U type pipe outlet is air intlet; Air inlet and steam air inlet are set on the burner; The outer whirlwind deduster of gasification furnace communicates with burner is suitable for reading through two L type pipelines.The bottom of L type pipeline communicates with air intake duct respectively; Ash cooler is straight tubular construction, is the straight tube of bell mouth shape top and is positioned at burner U type pipe outlet center, and straight tube center is provided with tubular heat exchange pond, and the tubular heat exchange is provided with wind distributing mesh in the pond, and its base communicates with steam inlet.

2, according to the described a kind of novel powdered coal fluidized-bed gasification furnace of claim 1, it is characterized in that: U type pipeline base can communicate with air intake duct.

3, according to the described a kind of novel powdered coal fluidized-bed gasification furnace of claim 1, it is characterized in that: top, heat exchange pond can be provided with the horn-like ash bucket that connects.

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