CN215566235U

CN215566235U - Spark ignition type internal combustion engine for inhibiting detonation based on directional injection

Info

Publication number: CN215566235U
Application number: CN202121771448.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩志玉; 孟硕; 吴振阔
Original assignee: Tongji University
Current assignee: Tongji University
Priority date: 2021-07-30
Filing date: 2021-07-30
Publication date: 2022-01-18
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-30

Abstract

The utility model relates to a spark ignition type internal combustion engine for inhibiting detonation based on directional injection, which comprises a cylinder, a main oil injector, a directional oil injector, a spark plug and a piston, wherein an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel are arranged on two sides of the cylinder, an air inlet valve is arranged in the air inlet channel, an exhaust valve is arranged in the air outlet channel, the spark plug is arranged in the cylinder, the directional oil injector is arranged on a cylinder cover of the cylinder, the oil injection direction of the directional oil injector is a tail end mixed gas area of the cylinder, and the piston is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder. Compared with the prior art, the utility model can effectively inhibit the detonation of the spark ignition type internal combustion engine and prolong the service life of the internal combustion engine.

Description

Spark ignition type internal combustion engine for inhibiting detonation based on directional injection

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of internal combustion engine structures, in particular to a spark ignition type internal combustion engine for inhibiting knocking based on directional injection.

Background

Increasing the compression ratio is one of the key technologies for improving the thermal efficiency of a spark ignition type internal combustion engine (hereinafter, simply referred to as an engine) to reduce the fuel consumption and carbon emission of an automobile. However, increasing the compression ratio also results in an increased tendency for engine knock. Detonation combustion can cause increased combustion noise and engine performance degradation, and severe detonation can also damage the engine block and pistons, affecting engine life. Therefore, knocking hinders the engine compression ratio from being raised to a higher level, and is a major obstacle to further improvement in the engine thermal efficiency.

Knocking is caused by the phenomenon of spontaneous combustion of the mixture in the end zone of the propagation of the flame in the combustion chamber. Due to the compression and heat radiation of the flame front, the temperature of the mixture gas at the tail end which is not combusted further rises on the basis of the compression end point temperature, and the mixture gas at the tail end which reaches the autoignition temperature spontaneously ignites before the normal flame front is reached, so that the pressure in a cylinder sharply rises and obvious pressure oscillation is caused, and severe vibration and noise are generated in the cylinder body, and the mechanical structure of an engine is damaged. In production engines, conventional knock suppression methods primarily retard spark angle (i.e., retard spark timing), but such methods can result in combustion phasing retard, reducing output torque and fuel economy.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art by providing a spark-ignited internal combustion engine with knock suppression based on directional injection.

The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a spark-ignition type internal-combustion engine based on directional injection restraines detonation, includes cylinder, main sprayer, directional sprayer, spark plug, piston, the both sides of cylinder seted up intake duct, exhaust passage, the intake duct in be equipped with the (air) intake valve, the exhaust passage in be equipped with the exhaust valve, the spark plug locate in the cylinder, directional sprayer locate on the cylinder cap of cylinder, directional sprayer's oil spout direction be the terminal gas mixture region of cylinder, the piston locate the cylinder bottom.

Preferably, the directional oil injector comprises an oil injector main body, a base and a nozzle, the base is installed below the oil injector main body, the nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the base, an oil passage is arranged in the oil injector main body, the tail end of the oil passage is communicated with the nozzle, at least one oil hole is arranged on the nozzle, a directional spray hole is formed in the tail end of the oil hole, and the oil injection direction of the directional spray hole is a tail end mixed gas area of the cylinder.

Preferably, the oil hole is inclined downward.

Preferably, the directional fuel injector further comprises a sealing top cover, and the sealing top cover is arranged on the top of the main body of the fuel injector.

Preferably, a sealing gasket is arranged between the sealing top cover and the fuel injector main body.

Preferably, a sealing gasket is arranged between the fuel injector main body and the base.

Preferably, the main fuel injector is arranged on the inner side wall of the cylinder or the top of the cylinder and directly injects fuel into the cylinder.

Preferably, the main fuel injector is arranged on an air inlet channel of the cylinder and directly injects fuel into the air inlet channel.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

(1) the internal combustion engine effectively utilizes the directional oil sprayer to spray oil to the tail end mixed gas area of the cylinder, and can effectively inhibit or eliminate the spontaneous combustion of the mixed gas in the tail end mixed gas area, thereby inhibiting the detonation to further improve the compression ratio of the spark ignition internal combustion engine and improve the heat efficiency of the spark ignition internal combustion engine, simultaneously avoiding the loss of output torque and keeping the structural form of the conventional spark ignition internal combustion engine to the maximum extent;

(2) the directional oil sprayer is based on the directional oil spraying hole arrangement structure, and realizes effective directional oil spraying, effectively inhibits detonation and improves the service life and the efficiency of a spark ignition type internal combustion engine through the directional spray hole arrangement design capable of spraying oil towards the mixer area.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a directional fuel injector of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nozzle of a directional fuel injector;

FIG. 5 is a schematic bottom view of a directional fuel injector.

The device comprises an air inlet channel 1, an air inlet channel 2, an air inlet valve 3, a main oil sprayer 4, a directional oil sprayer 5, a spark plug 6, an air exhaust channel 7, an exhaust valve 8, a piston 9, a cylinder 10, a tail end mixed gas area 11, a directional spray hole 12, an oil sprayer main body 13, a base 14, a nozzle 15, a sealing top cover 16, a sealing gasket 17, an oil channel 18, an oil hole 19 and directional spraying.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. Note that the following description of the embodiments is merely a substantial example, and the present invention is not intended to be limited to the application or the use thereof, and is not limited to the following embodiments.

Examples

A spark ignition type internal combustion engine for suppressing knocking based on directional injection is shown in FIG. 1 and includes a cylinder 9, a main injector 3, a directional injector 4, an ignition plug 5, and a piston 8. The cylinder 9 base structure of the internal combustion engine is as follows: an air inlet passage 1 and an air outlet passage 6 are arranged on two sides of an air cylinder 9, an air inlet valve 2 is arranged in the air inlet passage 1, an air outlet valve 7 is arranged in the air outlet passage 6, a main oil sprayer 3 is arranged in the air inlet passage 1 of the air cylinder 9, a spark plug 5 and a directional oil sprayer 4 are arranged in the middle of the top wall in the air cylinder 9, the oil spraying direction of a nozzle 14 of the directional oil sprayer 4 is a tail end mixed gas area 10 of the air cylinder 9, fuel oil is sprayed out by the nozzle 14 of the directional oil sprayer 4 to form directional spray 19, and a piston 8 is arranged at the bottom of the air cylinder 9.

The end mixed gas area 10 of the present invention is the end mixed gas area 10 in the cylinder 9 where the self-ignition easily occurs to cause the knocking, specifically, when the internal combustion engine of the present invention injects most of the fuel oil of the total oil amount in the intake stroke, the compression stroke or the exhaust stroke by means of the intake port injection or the in-cylinder direct injection to form the combustible mixed gas in the cylinder, and after the combustible mixed gas enters the cylinder 9, the end position of the combustible mixed gas is the area where the self-ignition easily occurs to cause the knocking, that is, the end mixed gas area 10.

In this embodiment, the position of the end mixture region 10 in the cylinder can be obtained by analyzing the geometry of the combustion chamber of the spark-ignited internal combustion engine, the combustion characteristics, or by analyzing key components after the engine is operated.

The nozzle 14 of the directional fuel injector 4 according to the present invention is arranged so that the fuel injection direction is directed toward the end mixed gas region 10, and fuel can be injected into the end mixed gas region 10 before the ignition timing when the piston is in the vicinity of the compression top dead center, thereby suppressing spontaneous combustion of the end gas.

As shown in fig. 2, specifically, the structure of the directional fuel injector 4 of the present invention includes a fuel injector main body 12, a base 13, a seal top cover 15, a nozzle 14 and a seal gasket 16, where the seal top cover 15 is disposed on the top of the fuel injector main body 12, the seal gasket 16 is disposed between the seal top cover 15 and the fuel injector main body 12, the base 13 is mounted below the fuel injector main body 12, the seal gasket 16 is disposed between the fuel injector main body 12 and the base 13, the nozzle 14 is disposed at the bottom of the base 13, a fuel passage 17 is disposed in the fuel injector main body 12, a tail end of the fuel passage 17 is communicated with the nozzle 14, one or more fuel holes 18 are disposed on the nozzle 14, a directional nozzle hole 11 is disposed at a tail end of the fuel hole 18, a fuel injection direction of the directional nozzle hole 11 is a tail end mixed gas region 10 of the cylinder 9, and the fuel hole 18 is disposed obliquely downward.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the main oil injector is disposed on the inner side wall of the cylinder or the top of the cylinder.

The directional fuel injector 4 of the utility model can directionally inject a small amount of fuel into the tail end mixed gas area 10 which is easy to knock at the time close to the top dead center before ignition, and purposefully cool the high-temperature unburned gas at the tail end by utilizing the evaporation and heat absorption of liquid oil drops, thereby preventing the tail end mixed gas from reaching the self-ignition temperature before the normal flame front arrives.

The above embodiments are merely examples and do not limit the scope of the present invention. These embodiments may be implemented in other various manners, and various omissions, substitutions, and changes may be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a spark-ignition internal-combustion engine based on directional injection restraines detonation, its characterized in that, includes cylinder (9), main sprayer (3), directional sprayer (4), spark plug (5), piston (8), the both sides of cylinder (9) seted up intake duct (1), exhaust passage (6), intake duct (1) in be equipped with (2), exhaust passage (6) in be equipped with exhaust valve (7), spark plug (5) locate in cylinder (9), directional sprayer (4) locate on the cylinder cap of cylinder (9), the oil spout direction of directional sprayer (4) be terminal gas mixture region (10) of cylinder (9), piston (8) locate cylinder (9) bottom.

2. The spark-ignition internal combustion engine for inhibiting knocking based on the directional injection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the directional injector (4) comprises an injector main body (12), a base (13) and a nozzle (14), the base (13) is installed below the injector main body (12), the nozzle (14) is arranged at the bottom of the base (13), an oil passage (17) is arranged in the injector main body (12), the tail end of the oil passage (17) is communicated with the nozzle (14), at least one oil hole (18) is arranged on the nozzle (14), a directional injection hole (11) is formed at the tail end of the oil hole (18), and the injection direction of the directional injection hole (11) is the tail end mixed gas area (10) of the cylinder (9).

3. A spark ignition type internal combustion engine for suppressing knocking based on directional injection as set forth in claim 2, wherein said oil hole (18) is provided obliquely downward.

4. A spark ignition internal combustion engine with knock suppression based on directional injection as claimed in claim 3, where the directional fuel injector (4) further comprises a seal cap (15), where the seal cap (15) is mounted on top of the body (12) of the injector.

5. A spark ignition internal combustion engine based on directional injection to suppress knock according to claim 4 where a sealing gasket (16) is provided between the seal cap (15) and the injector body (12).

6. A spark ignition internal combustion engine based on directional injection to suppress knock according to claim 2, where a sealing gasket (16) is provided between the injector body (12) and the base (13).

7. A spark ignition type internal combustion engine for suppressing knocking based on directional injection as set forth in claim 1, wherein said main fuel injector (3) is provided on the inner side wall of the cylinder (9) or on the top of the cylinder (9).

8. A spark ignition type internal combustion engine for suppressing knocking based on directional injection as claimed in claim 1, wherein said main fuel injector (3) is provided on the intake passage (1) of the cylinder (9).