CN214887351U

CN214887351U - Internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: CN214887351U
Application number: CN202120893161.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭丽军; 李程林; 曲东青; 肖承智; 肖慧勤
Original assignee: Dongguan Chenxing Intelligent Precision Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Dongguan Chenxing Intelligent Precision Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-27
Filing date: 2021-04-27
Publication date: 2021-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-27

Abstract

The utility model provides an internal combustion engine, which comprises an air cylinder, a cylinder cover, a piston, a precombustion chamber and a main combustion chamber, wherein the cylinder cover is arranged on the air cylinder; the piston is received in the cylinder and reciprocates along the axis of the cylinder; the cylinder cover is internally provided with the main combustion chamber, and the main combustion chamber is provided with an air inlet channel and an air exhaust channel; the precombustion chamber is mounted on the cylinder cover and comprises an exhaust gas cavity for storing exhaust gas, a precombustion chamber and an opening and closing valve, and the precombustion chamber is communicated with the main combustion chamber; the on-off valve is provided between the exhaust gas chamber and the precombustion chamber, and the exhaust gas chamber communicates with the precombustion chamber through the on-off valve. The utility model discloses a problem that the exhaust gas is remaining high in the internal-combustion engine has solved current internal-combustion engine precombustion chamber.

Description

Internal combustion engine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of engines, especially, relate to an internal-combustion engine.

Background

With the stricter regulations on fuel consumption, the ultrahigh thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine becomes a pursued target. The combustion speed is accelerated, the isochoricity is improved, the heat dissipation loss is reduced, and meanwhile, the knocking is inhibited, so that the method is an effective means for improving the heat-work conversion efficiency of the gasoline engine. In an ignition and reciprocating engine, the effective thermal efficiency of the engine can be greatly improved by using a pre-combustion chamber turbulent jet ignition technology. Jet ignition of the precombustion chamber can improve the combustion speed, inhibit detonation and expand the lean-burn limit, and has certain potential in the aspect of improving the thermal efficiency of the gasoline engine. The jet ignition of the precombustion chamber firstly ignites the mixed gas in the cavity of the precombustion chamber, and the high-temperature and high-pressure mixed gas is sprayed to the main combustion chamber through the small holes to form high-speed jet flame, so that the ignition area is greatly increased, and the combustion speed is improved. On the other hand, unburned intermediates in the precombustor can also accelerate the combustion process. However, because the diameters of the small-hole passages of the precombustion chamber and the main combustion chamber are smaller, residual waste gas after ignition of the precombustion chamber cannot be completely discharged to the main combustion chamber in the air intake and exhaust strokes, so that the residual coefficient of the waste gas in the precombustion chamber is larger, ignition and combustion in the precombustion chamber are unstable and even fire occurs in partial load, and the combustion stability of the main combustion chamber is poor.

In the prior art, a pre-combustion chamber of an air ejector and a pre-combustion chamber for introducing an oil-gas mixture are generally used, and residual waste gas is discharged out of the pre-combustion chamber, so that the residual waste gas in the pre-combustion chamber is reduced. However, the prechamber of the air injector needs high-pressure gas, which increases the complexity and cost of the mechanism, and the gas injector has a large volume and is difficult to be installed on a gasoline engine with a small cylinder diameter. The introduced oil-gas mixture needs to be prepared in advance, a heater, an ejector and other equipment are needed, and the equipment is complex, high in cost and large in size.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses among the technical problem that will solve: the internal combustion engine is provided aiming at the problem of high exhaust gas residue in the conventional internal combustion engine precombustion chamber.

The utility model provides an internal combustion engine, which comprises an air cylinder, a cylinder cover, a piston, a precombustion chamber and a main combustion chamber, wherein the cylinder cover is arranged on the air cylinder; the piston is received in the cylinder and reciprocates along the axis of the cylinder; the cylinder cover is internally provided with the main combustion chamber, and the main combustion chamber is provided with an air inlet channel and an air exhaust channel; the precombustion chamber is mounted on the cylinder cover and comprises an exhaust gas cavity for storing exhaust gas, a precombustion chamber and an opening and closing valve, and the precombustion chamber is communicated with the main combustion chamber; the on-off valve is provided between the exhaust gas chamber and the precombustion chamber, and the exhaust gas chamber communicates with the precombustion chamber through the on-off valve.

Optionally, the prechamber further comprises at least one exhaust gas channel, at least one jet hole and a spark plug, the exhaust gas channel communicates the prechamber with the exhaust gas chamber, and the exhaust gas channel is provided with the on-off valve; the jet hole is communicated with the precombustion cavity and the main combustion chamber; one end of the spark plug extends into the pre-combustion chamber.

Optionally, the exhaust gas channel is a cylindrical channel, the diameter of the exhaust gas channel is 0.8-2mm, and the aperture of the spray hole is 0.8-2 mm.

Optionally, the axis of the jet hole and the central axis of the precombustion chamber form a certain included angle, and the number of the jet holes is 1-12.

Optionally, the volume ratio of the waste gas cavity to the precombustion cavity is (0.1-0.2): 1.

optionally, an intake valve for opening or closing the intake passage is arranged in the intake passage, and an exhaust valve for opening or closing the exhaust passage is arranged in the exhaust passage; the intake valve and the exhaust valve are both movably mounted on the cylinder head.

Optionally, one end of each of the intake valve and the exhaust valve close to the main combustion chamber is in a conical structure, and a sealing surface is arranged on each conical structure.

Optionally, a sealing ring is mounted on the periphery of the piston, and the sealing ring is arranged between the piston and the cylinder.

Optionally, the internal combustion engine further comprises an injector mounted on the cylinder head, one end of the injector extending into the intake passage.

The utility model discloses in, through the exhaust gas chamber that sets up and precombustion chamber intercommunication in the precombustion chamber for the internal-combustion engine is in compression stroke, and the gas mixture of main combustion chamber gets into the precombustion chamber, and the on-off valve is opened and is made the residual waste gas in the precombustion chamber and is impressed the exhaust gas chamber, then when compression stroke ends, closes the on-off valve, reduces the waste gas reflux in the exhaust gas chamber and precombustion chamber, and final precombustion chamber's residual waste gas reduces. Or whether the waste gas cavity is communicated or not can be judged according to the concentration of the residual waste gas in the pre-combustion cavity, and when the waste gas coefficient in the pre-combustion cavity is less than 10%, the waste gas cavity can be closed by the opening and closing valve under different strokes; when the coefficient of the exhaust gas in the precombustion chamber is more than 10%, the residual exhaust gas in the precombustion chamber is reduced through the exhaust gas chamber. The pre-combustion chamber in the internal combustion engine has the advantages of simple structure, convenient processing, small space, high efficiency of removing waste gas of the pre-combustion chamber and low cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a prechamber of an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

In order to explain the technical means of the present invention, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cylinder 1, a cylinder head 2, a piston 3, a prechamber 40, and a main combustion chamber 50, wherein the cylinder head 2 is mounted on the cylinder 1. The piston 3 is housed in the cylinder 1 and reciprocates along the axis of the cylinder 1. The cylinder head 2 is provided with the main combustion chamber 50, and the main combustion chamber 50 is provided with an air inlet passage 51 and an air outlet passage 52. The prechamber 40 is mounted on the cylinder head 2, the prechamber 40 includes an exhaust gas chamber 41 for storing exhaust gas, a prechamber 42, and an opening/closing valve 43, and the prechamber 42 communicates with the main combustion chamber 50. The open-close valve 43 is provided between the exhaust gas chamber 41 and the precombustion chamber 42, and the exhaust gas chamber 41 communicates with the precombustion chamber 42 through the open-close valve 43. Specifically, the cylinder head 2 is connected with the cylinder 1 through a bolt, the prechamber 40 is mounted on the cylinder head 2 through a thread or a pressing manner, the opening and closing valve 43 is started through a motor or a hydraulic system, and the exhaust gas cavity 41 is arranged at one end of the prechamber 42 far away from the main combustion chamber 50.

The working process of the internal combustion engine in the embodiment is as follows: in the case of a two-stroke four-stroke engine, the intake passage 51 is opened, the exhaust passage 52 is closed, the piston 3 moves away from the prechamber 40 along the axis of the cylinder 1, and air enters the main combustion chamber 50 from the intake passage 51. Fuel is injected into the main combustion chamber 50 to form an air-fuel mixture.

In the compression stroke, the intake passage 51 and the exhaust passage 52 are closed, and the piston 3 moves in the direction approaching the prechamber 40 along the axis of the cylinder 1. The air/fuel mixture within the main combustion chamber 50 is forced into the prechamber 42. At the end of the compression stroke, the piston 3 will be near top dead center, igniting the fuel in prechamber 42. The pressure in the prechamber 42 increases and the hot mixture is ejected from the prechamber 42 into the main combustion chamber 50.

In the power stroke, the mixture in the main combustion chamber 50 is ignited, and the piston 3 is pushed to move along the axis of the cylinder 1 in a direction away from the prechamber 40.

During the exhaust stroke, the exhaust passage 52 is opened, the piston 3 moves along the axis of the cylinder 1 in a direction close to the prechamber 40, and the burnt exhaust gas enters the exhaust passage 52 from the main combustion chamber 50. When the exhaust gas coefficient in the prechamber 42 is less than 10% at compression top dead center, the opening and closing valve 43 can be closed at different strokes, and the exhaust gas chamber 41 does not work. When the exhaust gas coefficient in the prechamber 42 is larger than 10%, the residual exhaust gas in the prechamber 42 is reduced by the exhaust gas chamber 41.

The on-off valve 43 is opened during the intake stroke of the engine, so that the gas in the exhaust gas chamber 41 enters the main combustion chamber 50 through the prechamber 42 in the negative pressure environment generated by the piston 3, and the exhaust gas in the prechamber 42 is discharged. When the on-off valve 43 is in the open state, the exhaust gas in the compression stroke prechamber 40 is pushed by the fresh air mixture and is pushed into the exhaust gas chamber 41, thereby reducing the residual exhaust gas in the prechamber 40. In the vicinity of compression top dead center, the on-off valve 43 is closed before the fuel in the prechamber 42 is ignited, thereby reducing backflow of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas chamber 41 into the prechamber 42.

Repeating the steps and circulating.

In the present embodiment, by providing the exhaust gas chamber 41 communicating with the prechamber 42 in the prechamber 40, the mixture of the main combustion chamber 50 enters the prechamber 42 during the compression stroke of the internal combustion engine, the on-off valve 43 is opened to press the residual exhaust gas in the prechamber 42 into the exhaust gas chamber 41, and then at the end of the compression stroke, the on-off valve 43 is closed to reduce the backflow of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas chamber 41 into the prechamber 42, and finally the residual exhaust gas in the prechamber 42 is reduced. Or whether the waste gas cavity 41 is communicated or not can be judged according to the concentration of the residual waste gas in the precombustion cavity 42, and when the waste gas coefficient in the precombustion cavity 42 is less than 10%, the waste gas cavity 41 can be closed by the opening and closing valve 43 under different strokes; when the exhaust gas coefficient in the prechamber 42 is larger than 10%, the residual exhaust gas in the prechamber 42 is reduced by the exhaust gas chamber 41. The pre-combustion chamber 40 in the internal combustion engine has the advantages of simple structure, convenient processing, small space, high efficiency of removing the waste gas of the pre-combustion chamber 40 and low cost.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments of the present invention, the pre-combustion chamber 40 further includes at least one exhaust gas passage 44, at least one injection hole 45 and a spark plug 46, the exhaust gas passage 44 communicates the pre-combustion chamber 42 with the exhaust gas chamber 41, and the exhaust gas passage 44 is provided with the on-off valve 43. The jet holes 45 communicate the prechamber 42 with the main combustion chamber 50. The spark plug 46 extends into the prechamber 42 at one end. Specifically, the spark plug 46 is mounted on the prechamber 40 and is screwed into the prechamber 40.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the exhaust gas channel 44 is a cylindrical channel, the diameter of the exhaust gas channel 44 is 0.8-2mm, and the diameter of the injection hole 45 is 0.8-2 mm.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the axis of the injection hole 45 and the central axis of the precombustion chamber 42 form a certain included angle, and the number of the injection holes 45 is 1 to 12.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the volume ratio of the waste gas chamber 41 to the precombustion chamber 42 is (0.1-0.2): 1. the volume of the prechamber 42 accounts for 1-2% of the volume of the main combustion chamber 50. The prechamber 40 occupies a small space and is easy to mount on the cylinder head 2.

As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, an intake valve 53 for opening or closing the intake passage 51 is disposed in the intake passage 51, and an exhaust valve 54 for opening or closing the exhaust passage 52 is disposed in the exhaust passage 52. Both said inlet valve 53 and said outlet valve 54 are movably mounted on said cylinder head 2. Specifically, the cylinder head 2 is provided with a mounting hole, and the intake valve 53 and the exhaust valve 54 move in the axial direction of the mounting hole.

As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, the ends of the intake valve 53 and the exhaust valve 54 near the main combustion chamber 50 are both conical structures, and the conical structures are provided with sealing surfaces 531 for sealing gas. Further, the sealing surface 531 is coated with a glue surface.

As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, a sealing ring 6 is installed on the periphery of the piston 3, and the sealing ring 6 is disposed between the piston 3 and the cylinder 1 for sealing the gas and the lubricating oil.

As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, the internal combustion engine further comprises an injector 7, the injector 7 is mounted on the cylinder head 2, and one end of the injector 7 extends into the intake passage 51. Specifically, the injector 7 is mounted to the cylinder head 2 in a compression manner, and is used for injecting fuel into the main combustion chamber 50.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications of the technical solutions described in the embodiments or equivalent replacements of some technical features may still be made. Such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a cylinder head, a piston, a prechamber, and a main combustion chamber, the cylinder head being mounted on the cylinder; the piston is received in the cylinder and reciprocates along the axis of the cylinder; the cylinder cover is internally provided with the main combustion chamber, and the main combustion chamber is provided with an air inlet channel and an air exhaust channel; the precombustion chamber is mounted on the cylinder cover and comprises an exhaust gas cavity for storing exhaust gas, a precombustion chamber and an opening and closing valve, and the precombustion chamber is communicated with the main combustion chamber; the on-off valve is provided between the exhaust gas chamber and the precombustion chamber, and the exhaust gas chamber communicates with the precombustion chamber through the on-off valve.

2. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the pre-chamber further includes at least one exhaust gas passage communicating the pre-chamber with the exhaust gas chamber, at least one injection hole, and a spark plug, the exhaust gas passage being provided with the on-off valve; the jet hole is communicated with the precombustion cavity and the main combustion chamber; one end of the spark plug extends into the pre-combustion chamber.

3. The internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein the exhaust gas passage is a cylindrical passage, the diameter of the exhaust gas passage is 0.8 to 2mm, and the hole diameter of the injection hole is 0.8 to 2 mm.

4. The internal combustion engine of claim 2, characterized in that the axis of the jet hole forms a certain included angle with the central axis of the precombustion chamber, and the number of the jet holes is 1-12.

5. The internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the exhaust gas cavity to the prechamber is (0.1-0.2): 1.

6. the internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein an intake valve for opening or closing the intake passage is provided in the intake passage, and an exhaust valve for opening or closing the exhaust passage is provided in the exhaust passage; the intake valve and the exhaust valve are both movably mounted on the cylinder head.

7. The internal combustion engine of claim 6 wherein the ends of the intake and exhaust valves adjacent the primary combustion chamber are each of a conical configuration with a sealing surface disposed thereon.

8. An internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the piston is peripherally fitted with a sealing ring, the sealing ring being disposed between the piston and the cylinder.

9. The internal combustion engine of claim 1, further comprising an injector mounted to the cylinder head, the injector extending into the intake passage at one end.