CN113047974B - Internal combustion engine with high fuel efficiency and low emission and control method - Google Patents
Internal combustion engine with high fuel efficiency and low emission and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113047974B CN113047974B CN202110374521.3A CN202110374521A CN113047974B CN 113047974 B CN113047974 B CN 113047974B CN 202110374521 A CN202110374521 A CN 202110374521A CN 113047974 B CN113047974 B CN 113047974B
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- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- injection
- load state
- injector
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3094—Controlling fuel injection the fuel injection being effected by at least two different injectors, e.g. one in the intake manifold and one in the cylinder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/32—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type
- F02D41/36—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type with means for controlling distribution
- F02D41/365—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type with means for controlling distribution with means for controlling timing and distribution
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
- F02M61/145—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors the injection nozzle opening into the air intake conduit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
- F02D2200/0404—Throttle position
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high fuel efficiency low emission internal combustion engine and a control method, the internal combustion engine comprises: a cylinder; a low pressure direct injector mounted at the top of the cylinder; an air inlet injector mounted at an air inlet pipe of the cylinder; the monitoring module is used for monitoring the load state of the internal combustion engine; and the control module is used for acquiring the load state of the internal combustion engine and controlling the injection time and the injection times of the air inlet passage injector and the low-pressure direct injection injector according to the load state. The invention can flexibly control the combustion time, expand the working load interval of the engine, avoid the detonation phenomenon under the high-load working condition and the fire catching phenomenon under the low-load working condition, and the internal combustion engine can reach the combustion efficiency close to 50 percent and the soot emission and the nitrogen oxide emission close to zero.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, in particular to an internal combustion engine with high fuel efficiency and low emission and a control method.
Background
The traditional internal combustion engine has two combustion modes: one is spark plug ignition type engine mainly applied to gasoline vehicles, and the other is compression ignition type engine mainly applied to diesel vehicles. The ignition engine has lower emission due to different combustion principles, but the compression ratio of the ignition engine is limited not to be too high due to the detonation phenomenon, so the fuel efficiency is lower; the compression ignition engine has high compression ratio, high combustion efficiency and fuel saving, but has high emission of soot and nitrogen oxides.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to obtain an internal combustion engine which is clean like a spark ignition engine and economical like a compression ignition engine, the invention provides an internal combustion engine with high fuel efficiency and low emission and a control method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a high fuel efficiency low emission internal combustion engine, comprising:
a cylinder;
a low pressure direct injector mounted at the top of the cylinder;
an air inlet injector mounted at an air inlet pipe of the cylinder;
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the load state of the internal combustion engine; and
and the control module is used for acquiring the load state of the internal combustion engine and controlling the injection time and the injection frequency of the air inlet channel injector and the low-pressure direct injection injector according to the load state.
Preferably, the monitoring module determines the load state of the internal combustion engine by monitoring a throttle opening.
Preferably, the throttle opening of the internal combustion engine is in a low-load state at 0-30%, the throttle opening is in a medium-load state at 30-70%, and the throttle opening is in a high-load state at 70-100%.
Preferably, the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine is 12-14.
A control method for an internal combustion engine with high fuel efficiency and low emission comprises the following steps: the injection time and the number of injections of the intake port injector and the low-pressure direct injector are controlled according to the engine load state.
Preferably, the control method includes:
acquiring a load state of the internal combustion engine;
the injection time and the number of injections of the port injector and the low-pressure direct injector are controlled according to the operating phase of the internal combustion engine.
Preferably, under low load conditions, a "single early injection" injection strategy is employed in which high cetane fuel is injected 1 time in the early stages of the compression stroke by the low pressure direct injection injector 5.
Preferably, in the mid load condition, the "dual injection" strategy is employed, with the high cetane fuel being injected by the low pressure direct injection injector a first time early in the compression stroke and a second time at top dead center in the compression stroke, assisted by spark ignition.
Preferably, under high load conditions, the high cetane fuel is injected once at top dead center of the compression stroke, or ignited by the spark plug only, using a "single late injection" injection strategy.
Preferably, the compression ratio of the engine is 12-14.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the invention can flexibly control the combustion time, expand the working load interval of the engine, avoid the knocking phenomenon under the high-load working condition and the fire catching phenomenon under the low-load working condition, and the internal combustion engine can achieve the combustion efficiency close to 50 percent and the soot emission and the nitrogen oxide emission close to zero.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal combustion engine of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an injection strategy employing a "single early injection" under low load conditions in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the injection strategy of the present invention utilizing "double injection" under load conditions;
FIG. 4 is a schematic of the injection strategy of the present invention using a "single late injection" at high load conditions.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings that illustrate the invention.
The invention provides a high fuel efficiency low emission internal combustion engine, as shown in fig. 1, the internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder 10, a reciprocating piston 11 is arranged in the cylinder 10, the piston 11 is connected with a crankshaft 12, and the piston reciprocates under the driving of the crankshaft 12; the cylinder 10 is connected with at least one air inlet pipe 13 and one air outlet pipe 14.
Wherein a low pressure Direct Injector (DI) 15 is installed at the top of the cylinder 10, the low pressure direct injector 15 introduces fuel into the cylinder, an intake duct injector (PFI) 16 is installed on the intake duct 13, the intake duct injector 16 introduces fuel into the intake manifold; the low-pressure direct injector 15 is used in combination with the intake passage injector 16 to control the combustion mode of the internal combustion engine, thereby flexibly controlling the combustion timing, expanding the operating load range of the internal combustion engine, avoiding the knocking phenomenon under the high load condition, and avoiding the misfire phenomenon under the low load condition.
Further, in the present invention, the intake passage injector 16 is used to inject a high-octane fuel, such as gasoline, as a main fuel of the internal combustion engine in an amount of 90% to 98% of the required fuel energy, into the intake manifold; the low-pressure direct injection injector 15 is used for injecting high cetane number fuel, such as diesel oil and dimethyl ether (DME), serving as pilot fuel of the internal combustion engine, into the cylinder, wherein the injection amount is 2% -10% of the required fuel energy; the combustion mode of the internal combustion engine is controlled by controlling the injection time and the injection frequency of the intake port injector 16 and the low-pressure direct injector 15.
Furthermore, the invention is also provided with a monitoring module for monitoring the load state of the internal combustion engine; and a control module for acquiring the load state of the internal combustion engine and controlling the injection time and the injection frequency of the port injector 16 and the low-pressure direct injector 15 according to the load state.
The invention provides a high-efficiency fuel method of an internal combustion engine, which controls the injection time and the injection frequency of a gas inlet passage injector 16 and a low-pressure direct injector 15 according to the load state, and specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring a load state of the internal combustion engine;
the injection time and the number of injections of the port injector 16 and the low-pressure direct injector 15 are controlled according to the operation phase of the internal combustion engine.
In one embodiment of the invention, the monitoring module determines the load state of the internal combustion engine by monitoring a throttle opening of the internal combustion engine, wherein the throttle opening of the internal combustion engine is defined as a low load state at 0-30%, the throttle opening is defined as a medium load state at 30-70%, and the throttle opening is defined as a high load state at 70-100%.
The different combustion modes corresponding to different load conditions will be explained in detail below.
1) Under the low-load state, an injection strategy of 'single early injection' is adopted, namely, high-cetane-number fuel is injected for 1 time in the early stage of a compression stroke through a low-pressure direct injection injector 15, so that oil-gas mixture is well mixed, ignition is assisted by a spark plug, a multi-point controllable self-ignition combustion mode is realized, and partial combustion and fire catching phenomena under the low-load state are avoided, as shown in fig. 2, the specific injection time 80 BTDC-70 BTDC of the low-pressure direct injection injector 15 is shown, the injection pulse width is 1-14 ms, and the injection pulse width is different according to the discharge capacity of an internal combustion engine; the ignition time of the spark plug is 15 BTDC-7 BTDC;
2) In the medium-load state, a 'double injection' strategy is adopted, namely, high-cetane fuel is subjected to first injection in the early stage of a compression stroke through the low-pressure direct injection injector 15, so that oil and gas are well mixed, second injection is carried out at the top dead center of the compression stroke, and ignition of a spark plug is assisted to promote and control the combustion time. The multi-time injection realizes a combustion mode of 'mixed combustion', namely flame propagation combustion is adopted in the early combustion period, and multi-point controllable spontaneous combustion is adopted in the later combustion period, so that the combustion thermal efficiency is maximized, and the tail gas emission is minimized; as shown in fig. 3, the first injection time is 70BTDC, the injection pulse width is 1.5-14 ms, which depends on the internal combustion engines with different displacements and the load size, the second injection time is 45 BTDC-23 BTDC, and the injection pulse width is 1-9 ms, which depends on the internal combustion engines with different displacements and the load size; the ignition time of the spark plug is 15 BTDC-7 BTDC.
3) In a high-load state, a single late injection strategy is adopted, namely, high-cetane fuel is injected once at the top dead center of a compression stroke or is ignited only through a spark plug to lead fuel-air mixture, so that a combustion mode of pure flame propagation combustion is realized, the knocking phenomenon in the high-load state is avoided, the internal combustion engine outputs the maximum power, and good economic performance and emission performance are obtained; as shown in FIG. 4, the injection timing is 18BTDC and the injection pulsewidth is 1-12ms, depending on the engine and load size for different displacements.
Nearly zero soot emissions and nitrogen oxide emissions can be achieved with the internal combustion engine of the present invention, as shown below by comparing the results of the soot emissions and nitrogen oxide emissions of the prior art internal combustion engine and the internal combustion engine of the present invention, as shown in tables 1-4, respectively.
TABLE 1 Prior Art NO emissions from internal combustion engines at 2000r/min IMEPn
| IMEPn/bar | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| NO X /g/ |
10 | 12 | 13.5 | 15.25 | 15.35 |
TABLE 2 Prior Art NO emissions from an internal combustion engine at 1500 rpm IMEPn
| IMEPn/bar | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| NO X /g/KWh | 10.75 | 12.25 | 14.25 | 15.25 | 15.35 |
TABLE 3 in the present invention, the NO emission of the internal combustion engine at 2000r/min engine speed in different IMEPn states
| IMEPn/bar | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| NO X /g/KWh | 0.01 | 0 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 |
TABLE 4 NO emission of internal combustion engine in IMEPn different states at 1500 rpm of internal combustion engine in the present invention
| IMEPn/bar | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| NO X /g/KWh | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
As can be seen from tables 1 to 4, the internal combustion engine of the present invention can achieve nearly zero soot emissions and nitrogen oxide emissions, a significant improvement over the prior art.
In addition, the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine can be close to or even exceed 50%, in a specific embodiment, the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine reaches 47% at the rotating speed of 2000r/min and IMEPn =7bar, and under the same condition, the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine in the prior art is 34%.
Further, the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine of the present invention is 12 to 14, preferably 13, and the relationship between the effective compression ratio of the internal combustion engine and the indicated heat efficiency is shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 corresponding relationship between different effective compression ratios and indicated thermal efficiency of internal combustion engine
| Effective compression ratio | 12.5 | 13 | 13.5 | 14 |
| Indicating thermal efficiency | 45.75 | 47.5 | 44.85 | 42.75 |
As shown in Table 5, the indicated thermal efficiency was the highest when the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine was 13.
In conclusion, the invention can flexibly control the combustion time, expand the working load interval of the engine, avoid the knocking phenomenon under the high-load working condition and the fire catching phenomenon under the low-load working condition, and the internal combustion engine can achieve the combustion efficiency close to 50 percent and the soot emission and the nitrogen oxide emission close to zero.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention should be covered by the present patent.
Claims (5)
1. A control method for a high fuel efficiency low emission internal combustion engine, characterized by: the internal combustion engine includes:
a cylinder (10);
a low pressure direct injector (15) mounted on the top of the cylinder (10);
an intake passage injector (16) mounted to an intake pipe (13) of the cylinder;
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the load state of the internal combustion engine; and
the control module is used for acquiring the load state of the internal combustion engine and controlling the injection time and the injection frequency of the air inlet channel injector (16) and the low-pressure direct injector (15) according to the load state;
the control method comprises the following steps: controlling the injection time and the injection frequency of a gas inlet passage injector and a low-pressure direct injector according to the load state of the internal combustion engine;
in a low-load state, adopting an injection strategy of single early injection, and injecting high-cetane fuel for 1 time in the early stage of a compression stroke through a low-pressure direct injection injector;
in a medium-load state, a 'double-injection' strategy is adopted, the fuel with high cetane number is subjected to first injection in the early stage of a compression stroke through a low-pressure direct injection injector, is subjected to second injection at the top dead center of the compression stroke, and is ignited by a spark plug;
under high load conditions, with a "single late injection" injection strategy, the high cetane fuel is injected once at top dead center of the compression stroke, or ignited by the spark plug alone.
2. The control method for a high fuel efficiency low emission internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a load state of the internal combustion engine;
the injection time and the number of injections of the port injector and the low-pressure direct injector are controlled according to the load state of the internal combustion engine.
3. The control method of a high fuel efficiency low emission internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the monitoring module judges the load state of the internal combustion engine by monitoring the opening of the throttle valve.
4. The control method for a high fuel efficiency low emission internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the throttle opening of the internal combustion engine is in a low-load state at 0-30%, the throttle opening is in a medium-load state at 30-70%, and the throttle opening is in a high-load state at 70-100%.
5. The control method for the high fuel efficiency low emission internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine is 12-14.
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| CN202110374521.3A CN113047974B (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | Internal combustion engine with high fuel efficiency and low emission and control method |
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| CN202110374521.3A CN113047974B (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | Internal combustion engine with high fuel efficiency and low emission and control method |
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| CN113047974B true CN113047974B (en) | 2023-01-03 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6003489A (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 1999-12-21 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel injection control device of in-cylinder type internal combustion engine |
| CN1619127A (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-05-25 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Fuel injection controller for internal combustion engine |
| CN102414426A (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2012-04-11 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Controller of internal combustion engine |
| CN103061908A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-24 | 天津大学 | Flexible dual-fuel high pressure combustion chamber (HPCC) engine combustion and discharge control method and deivce |
| CN106545426A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-03-29 | 天津大学 | A kind of control method of partial pre-mix compression ignition combustion electromotor |
-
2021
- 2021-04-07 CN CN202110374521.3A patent/CN113047974B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6003489A (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 1999-12-21 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel injection control device of in-cylinder type internal combustion engine |
| CN1619127A (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-05-25 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Fuel injection controller for internal combustion engine |
| CN102414426A (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2012-04-11 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Controller of internal combustion engine |
| CN103061908A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-24 | 天津大学 | Flexible dual-fuel high pressure combustion chamber (HPCC) engine combustion and discharge control method and deivce |
| CN106545426A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-03-29 | 天津大学 | A kind of control method of partial pre-mix compression ignition combustion electromotor |
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