CN215560407U - Prefabricated iron runner - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a prefabricated iron tapping channel which comprises an outer steel shell, a permanent layer and a working layer, wherein the permanent layer and the working layer are arranged in the outer steel shell, the permanent layer comprises a permanent pouring layer, a prefabricated base and a prefabricated side plate, the working layer is arranged in a space formed by enclosing the permanent pouring layer, the prefabricated base and the prefabricated side plate, the prefabricated side plate and the prefabricated base are fixedly inserted and connected, the lower end of the prefabricated side plate is provided with an arc-shaped bulge, and the prefabricated base is provided with an arc-shaped groove matched with the arc-shaped bulge. The method has simple process, the prepared prefabricated tapping channel effectively blocks the melt which passes through the working layer, the safety risk is greatly reduced, the replacement is convenient and fast, the time consumption is short, and the normal switching use of the tapping channel can not be influenced completely in the daily maintenance process.

Description

Prefabricated iron runner

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of iron making, and particularly relates to a prefabricated iron tapping channel.

Background

At present, the large domestic blast furnaces all adopt an iron storage type main tapping runner (hereinafter referred to as a main runner), and in the tapping process of the blast furnaces, the main runner is not only a channel for discharging iron slag in time, but also plays a role in storing molten iron and molten slag when the blast furnaces do not tap iron. In actual production, the main groove is mainly damaged by the following reasons: (1) the flowing high-temperature molten iron and the slag are severely scoured and eroded; (2) chemical erosion of liquid slag iron of the blast furnace; (3) thermal shock damage of intermittent tapping. Among them, the erosion of molten iron and slag is the most important factor for the damage of main trench. In actual production, the main groove wall gradually melts and becomes thinner along with the increase of iron passing amount and service time, and when the thinnest part of the main groove wall is smaller than a specified value, the main groove wall is in danger of being burnt through by molten iron, and huge economic loss is caused. However, the traditional main ditch permanent layer adopts a refractory brick masonry structure, the position condition of the main ditch below the slag surface cannot be checked and fed back in the daily use process, and great potential safety hazards exist.

In recent years, the main trench permanent course has a technical trend of being constructed by refractory bricks to a permanent course. The prefabricated member with the temperature measuring function (the melting loss condition of the prefabricated member temperature reaction main channel is measured by a thermocouple) has been developed abroad, and the prefabricated member is industrially applied to a few blast furnaces at home, but the prefabricated member also has the problems of difficult replacement after being damaged, high use cost, long manufacturing and transportation period and the like, so that the industrial application of the prefabricated member is limited.

To above-mentioned problem, chinese utility model patent "prefabricate iron runner" (CN210048794U), discloses a prefabricate iron runner, be the box hat of U type, set up permanent layer in the box hat, set up the working layer on permanent layer including the cross-section, permanent layer is including setting up the prefabricated base at the box hat inside edge, there is prefabricated curb plate prefabricated base upper end through the installation slot cartridge, prefabricated curb plate includes along a plurality of prefabricated veneers of sharp piece together, interlock between two adjacent prefabricated veneers, the lateral surface of prefabricated veneer is provided with the temperature measurement board mounting groove and establishes the temperature measurement board in and, be provided with temperature sensor on the temperature measurement board and its cable passes the box hat and is connected to the controller. The method optimizes the structure of the iron runner to a certain extent and solves the problems of temperature detection, feedback and the like. But still does not completely solve the above problems:

(1) after the bottom of the prefabricated side plate is embedded into the mounting groove, the mounting groove is inverted trapezoidal in structure, and the upper end of the prefabricated side plate and the steel shell are small in pore size, so that the prefabricated side plate is difficult to replace;

(2) because the top of the prefabricated single plate is designed to be in a Z-shaped structure, a certain part of the prefabricated side plate cannot be independently replaced in the process of disassembly or replacement, all the prefabricated single plates need to be disassembled and then replaced, and the construction difficulty and time are increased;

(3) and a fireproof pouring layer and a high-alumina refractory brick layer are additionally arranged at the bottom of the prefabricated member and the steel shell, so that the cost is increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problems solved by the utility model are as follows: the utility model provides a prefabricated iron runner, this iron runner can effectively block and pass the working layer melt, real-time supervision iron runner temperature, greatly reduced safety risk and change convenient, short time consuming, can accomplish at the daily normal switching use that does not influence the iron runner of maintenance in-process.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

the utility model provides a prefabricated iron runner, includes outer box hat, sets up permanent layer and the working layer in outer box hat, permanent layer is including permanent pouring layer, prefabricated base and prefabricated curb plate, the working layer sets up in permanent pouring layer, prefabricated base and the prefabricated curb plate encloses the space that closes and form, prefabricated curb plate is pegged graft fixedly with prefabricated base, prefabricated curb plate lower extreme is provided with convex arch, be provided with on the prefabricated base with convex protruding assorted convex recess outer box hat inner wall is provided with the heat insulation layer be provided with the temperature measurement board on the prefabricated curb plate lateral wall.

Preferably, the prefabricated base is formed by assembling a plurality of base blocks along the linear direction, two adjacent base blocks are connected in an occluded manner, the prefabricated side plate is formed by assembling a plurality of T-shaped side wall single plates along the linear direction, and two adjacent single plates are connected in an occluded manner.

Preferably, the base blocks comprise L-shaped transverse supports and first bosses arranged on the transverse supports, one ends of the first bosses protrude out of the transverse supports to form protruding sections, first gaps are formed between the other ends of the first bosses and the transverse supports, and two adjacent base blocks are connected in an occlusion mode through the protruding sections and the first gaps.

Preferably, the first boss and the transverse support are integrally formed, and an integral arc-shaped groove is formed at the upper part of the first boss and the upper part of the transverse support.

Preferably, the side wall veneer comprises a plate body, one side surface of the plate body is provided with a second boss, the other corresponding side surface of the plate body is provided with a second notch, and an arc-shaped bulge is arranged below the plate body.

Preferably, the adjacent side wall single plates are respectively a positive T-shaped side wall single plate and an inverted T-shaped side wall single plate, and the positions of the second bosses of the T-shaped side wall single plate and the inverted T-shaped side wall single plate are opposite, so that the T-shaped side wall single plate and the inverted T-shaped side wall single plate are mutually meshed and connected.

Preferably, the temperature measuring plate and the prefabricated side plate are integrally formed, a temperature sensor is arranged on the temperature measuring plate, the temperature sensor adopts a thermocouple, and the temperature sensor is connected with the PLC.

Preferably, a thermocouple jack is arranged in the middle of the temperature measuring plate, and the thermocouple is inserted into the thermocouple jack.

Preferably, threaded holes for lifting are arranged on the side wall single plate and the prefabricated base block.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

the permanent layer between the working layer of the blast furnace main channel and the outer steel shell adopts a composite structure, and melts penetrating through the working layer are effectively blocked through a unique structural design, so that the safety risk is greatly reduced; through the analog calculation of the main ditch temperature field, the key parameters such as the installation position, the structure and the material of the prefabricated member temperature measurement system are optimized, the real-time monitoring of the permanent layer temperature in a blast furnace central control system is realized, the safety condition of the main ditch is intuitively mastered, the early warning can be timely carried out under the abnormal condition, and the safety use performance of the main ditch is greatly improved.

(1) And (3) optimizing the structure of the prefabricated part: during the use of the iron runner, the working layer is cracked due to long-term erosion and scouring, so that the working layer needs to be replaced, but the prefabricated part below the working layer is easily damaged due to unexpected stress or mechanical action during the replacement process. In order to facilitate timely replacement of the accidentally damaged prefabricated part, the prefabricated side wall single plate adopts a T-shaped design, so that the prefabricated part is prevented from being blocked by the adjacent side wall single plate in the separation process; furthermore, the T-shaped prefabricated side wall single plate and the prefabricated base are in contact design through the arc-shaped groove, flexible butt joint of the T-shaped prefabricated side wall single plate and the base is achieved, when the T-shaped prefabricated side wall single plate is replaced, due to the arc-shaped groove design, the T-shaped prefabricated side wall single plate can rotate, the T-shaped prefabricated side wall single plate cannot be scratched with the heat insulation plate and the base after rotating at a certain angle, and damage-free separation from the base is really achieved. And the prefab replacement process is convenient, the time spent is short, can accomplish in the iron runner daily overhaul in-process, does not influence the normal switching use of ditch system.

In addition, the bottom of the working layer of the traditional tapping channel is easy to peel and crack after being eroded by molten iron for a long time through scouring, and the thickness of the refractory material at the bottom of the working layer is increased by optimizing the angle of the prefabricated member and the structure of the working layer, so that the service time of the working layer is obviously prolonged.

(2) Optimizing the material of the refractory material: the prefabricated side plate prefabricated part is made of high-strength aluminum-silicon carbide materials. The silicon carbide has stable chemical property, high heat conductivity coefficient, small thermal expansion coefficient, high temperature resistance, high hardness and good wear resistance, thereby being suitable for manufacturing refractory materials with excellent shock resistance and high strength. Meanwhile, the introduced material of the silicon carbide has strong oxidation resistance and slag resistance. In addition, the prefabricated base uses mullite castable of a system mainly comprising mullite phase with low creep deformation and low thermal expansion rate and is reinforced by steel fiber. Mullite is a high-quality refractory material and has the characteristics of uniform expansion, excellent thermal shock stability, high refractoriness under load, small high-temperature creep value, high hardness, impact resistance and the like.

(3) Optimizing the material of the temperature measuring plate: the temperature measuring plate adopts the Cu-Ag alloy, and the heat conducting property, the anti-corrosion property, the mechanical strength and the electric conductivity of the temperature measuring plate are obviously improved compared with those of the traditional temperature measuring plate material Cu and other alloys. Therefore, the temperature measuring plate can express the actual temperature of the blast furnace tapping channel more quickly and accurately in the actual working condition environment, and meanwhile, the service life and the service performance of the temperature measuring plate under the severe working condition are obviously improved.

(4) Optimization of the temperature measurement plate structure: the traditional temperature measuring plate adopts an embedded design, the method not only causes unstable contact between the temperature measuring plate and the prefabricated part to influence the temperature measuring accuracy in the long-term use process, but also needs to reserve an embedded clamping groove in the prefabricated part preparation process to cause extremely complex preparation method. According to the utility model, the temperature measuring plate and the prefabricated member are integrally cast and molded by adopting the anchor part form design of the temperature measuring plate, so that the complexity of the preparation method is greatly reduced, and the temperature measuring efficiency of the temperature measuring plate is effectively improved.

(5) Optimizing a baking process: at present, the prefabricated member of the permanent layer of the tapping runner is not preheated after being poured, and the prefabricated member has a shrinkage phenomenon in the using process and causes the delamination and the crack between the prefabricated member and a working layer, thereby causing the penetration of molten iron. In addition, when the thermal reaction is not in place, the dehydration is not sufficient, the oxidation resistance of the material is poor easily caused by thermal dehydration in the using process, and the material also has obvious oxidation effect on the tapping channel material at the boundary. On site, the main channel material in contact with the permanent layer prefabricated member in the construction period is easy to oxidize, whiten and loosen. Therefore, the utility model optimizes the temperature rise process, namely in the environment with carbon protection, the temperature rise speed is 10 ℃/min to 110 ℃ x 24h → the temperature rise speed is 15 ℃/min to 330 ℃ x 24h → the temperature rise speed is 15 ℃/min to 550 ℃ x 24h → the temperature rise speed is 20 ℃/min to 1000 ℃ x 24 h. The speed is kept at the normal temperature according to the average speed of 15 ℃/min, and the oxidation resistance of the iron runner prefabricated member treated by the process is obviously improved.

(6) Reducing the stress inside the tapping runner: because the internal part of the iron runner is easy to generate thermal stress in the long-term service process, two expansion joints are respectively arranged at the middle and the rear sections of the permanent layer of the iron runner, so as to absorb the volume change effect generated by temperature fluctuation, material reaction and the like. The utility model designs the materials of the prefabricated base and the prefabricated side plate to be about micro expansion plus 0.3 percent, reduces the volume change generated by reaction, simultaneously considers the contraction and thermal expansion generated by temperature change and prevents the generation of cracks.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prefabricated iron runner structure;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a prefabricated iron runner;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship between the prefabricated base and the prefabricated side plate of the prefabricated tapping runner;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated base for prefabricating an iron runner;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated tapping runner right T-shaped side wall veneer;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a single plate with an inverted T-shaped side wall of the prefabricated tapping runner.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are carried out on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and it should be understood that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a prefabricated iron tapping channel comprises an outer steel shell 1, a permanent layer arranged in the outer steel shell 1 and a working layer 6 arranged on the permanent layer, wherein a groove 61 for molten iron to flow through is arranged on the working layer 6. Outer box hat 1 is made by the heat-resistant steel sheet that thickness is 25mm, and the 1 outside of outer box hat keeps the natural circulation of air or forced air cooling structural design, and 1 inside wall setting thickness that hugs closely outer box hat is 30mm insulating layer 2, and insulating layer 2 adopts high-efficient adiabatic fibreboard.

As shown in fig. 2, the permanent layer of the embodiment includes a permanent pouring layer 3, a prefabricated base 4 and a prefabricated side plate 5, the working layer 6 is arranged in a space enclosed by the permanent pouring layer 3, the prefabricated base 4 and the prefabricated side plate 5, the prefabricated side plate 5 is fixedly inserted into the prefabricated base 4, the lower end of the prefabricated side plate 5 is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion 50, the prefabricated base 4 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 43 matched with the arc-shaped protrusion 50, and the arc-shaped protrusion 50 is inserted into the arc-shaped groove 43.

The prefabricated base 4 of this application is assembled by a plurality of base pieces 41 along rectilinear direction and is formed, two adjacent base pieces 41 interlock are connected, prefabricated base 4 symmetry sets up in 1 bottom both sides of box hat, for pouring layer 3 forever between two prefabricated bases 4, prefabricated curb plate 5 is assembled by the lateral wall veneer 51 of a plurality of T fonts along rectilinear direction and forms, two adjacent lateral wall veneers 51 interlock are connected, prefabricated curb plate 5 sets up both sides and is located 4 tops of prefabricated base in 1, be connected with prefabricated base 4 cartridge.

As shown in fig. 4, the base block 41 includes an L-shaped cross support 44 and a first boss 42 disposed on the cross support 44, an outer end surface, an upper end surface, and a lower end surface of the first boss 42 are all flush with the cross support 44, one end of the first boss 42 protrudes out of the cross support 44 to form a protruding section 46, and a first gap 45 is formed between the other end of the first boss 42 and the cross support 44, and two adjacent base blocks 41 are engaged with each other through the protruding section 46 and the first gap 45.

The first boss 42 and the transverse support 44 are integrally formed, and an arc-shaped groove 43 for inserting the prefabricated side plate 5 is integrally formed in the middle position of the upper end faces of the first boss 42 and the transverse support 44 along the length direction. Steps 47 are formed on the inner side of the transverse support 44 and the first boss 42, the vertical section of the permanent pouring layer 3 is T-shaped, and step surfaces matched with the steps 47 are arranged on two sides of the permanent pouring layer 3, so that the transverse support and the first boss are fixedly clamped.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the sidewall single plate 51 includes a plate body 55, one side surface of the plate body 55 is provided with a second boss 52, the other corresponding side surface is provided with a second notch 53, and an arc protrusion 50 matched with the arc groove 43 is arranged below the plate body 55.

The adjacent sidewall single plates 51 are respectively a positive T-shaped sidewall single plate 51 and an inverted T-shaped sidewall single plate 51, and the positions of the second bosses 52 and the second notches 53 of the T-shaped sidewall single plate 51 and the inverted T-shaped sidewall single plate 51 are opposite, so that the two can be engaged and connected with each other through the second bosses 5 and the second notches 53.

The length of the base block 41 in this embodiment is 550mm, and the length of the T-shaped side wall single plate 51 is 1220mm and the thickness is 800mm, and the size can be adjusted according to the use situation. Threaded holes 54 for lifting are arranged on the T-shaped side wall single plate 51 and the prefabricated base block 41.

As shown in fig. 2, a heat insulation layer 2 is arranged on the inner wall of an outer steel shell 1, a temperature measuring plate 7 is arranged on the outer side wall of a prefabricated side plate 5, the temperature measuring plate 7 is a Cu-Ag alloy plate, a temperature sensor is arranged on the temperature measuring plate 7, a cable of the temperature sensor penetrates through the outer steel shell 1 and is connected to a controller, in the embodiment, a thermocouple jack (not shown in the figure) is machined in the middle of the temperature measuring plate 7, the temperature sensor is a thermocouple, the thermocouple is inserted into the thermocouple jack, the sensor is connected with a PLC controller, and data acquisition and transmission are stable.

A prefabricated tapping channel preparation method comprises the steps of carrying out preheating treatment on a prefabricated base 4 and a prefabricated side plate 5 after pouring, gradually heating in a carbon-protected environment, and then carrying out heat preservation and cooling to normal temperature. Specifically, the temperature is raised to 110 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 10 ℃/min, and then the temperature is controlled for 24 hours; heating to 330 ℃ at a heating rate of 15 ℃/min, and then controlling the temperature for 24 hours; heating to 550 ℃ at the heating rate of 15 ℃/min, then controlling the temperature for 24h, heating to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 20 ℃/min, then controlling the temperature for 24h, and finally carrying out heat preservation and cooling to the normal temperature at the average speed of 15 ℃/min.

The prefabricated side plate 5 is prefabricated and molded by adopting a high-strength alumina-silicon carbide material, and the silicon carbide has stable chemical property, high heat conductivity coefficient, small thermal expansion coefficient, high temperature resistance, high hardness and good wear resistance, so that the prefabricated side plate is suitable for manufacturing a refractory material with excellent shock resistance and high strength. Meanwhile, the introduced material of the silicon carbide has strong oxidation resistance and slag resistance.

The prefabricated base 4 is prefabricated and formed by adopting a low-expansion-rate mullite casting material, and the base is made of a mullite casting material which is mainly a mullite phase with low creep deformation and low thermal expansion rate and is reinforced by steel fibers. Mullite is a high-quality refractory material and has the characteristics of uniform expansion, excellent thermal shock stability, high refractoriness under load, small high-temperature creep value, high hardness, impact resistance and the like.

By using Al₂O₃The working layer 6 of the-SiC-C material is poured on the upper surface of the permanent layer through a die, the temperature measuring plate is made of Cu-Ag alloy, and the heat conducting performance, the corrosion resistance, the mechanical strength and the electric conductivity of the temperature measuring plate are remarkably improved compared with those of the traditional temperature measuring plate material Cu and other alloys. The temperature measuring plate 7 and the prefabricated side plate 5 are integrally cast and molded by adopting the anchor part form design of the temperature measuring plate, so that the process is simple and the use is convenient.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A prefabricated tapping channel is characterized by comprising: the heat insulation structure comprises an outer steel shell (1), a permanent layer and a working layer (6) which are arranged in the outer steel shell (1), wherein the permanent layer comprises a permanent pouring layer (3), a prefabricated base (4) and prefabricated side plates (5), the working layer (6) is arranged in a space which is formed by enclosing the permanent pouring layer (3), the prefabricated base (4) and the prefabricated side plates (5), the prefabricated side plates (5) and the prefabricated base (4) are fixedly inserted, the lower ends of the prefabricated side plates (5) are provided with arc-shaped protrusions (50), the prefabricated base (4) is provided with arc-shaped grooves (43) which are matched with the arc-shaped protrusions (50), the inner wall of the outer steel shell (1) is provided with a heat insulation layer (2), and the outer side wall of the prefabricated side plate (5) is provided with a temperature measurement plate (7); a thermocouple jack is arranged in the middle of the temperature measuring plate (7), and a thermocouple is inserted into the thermocouple jack; the prefabricated side plate (5) is formed by splicing a plurality of T-shaped side wall single plates (51) along the linear direction, and two adjacent single plates are connected in an occluded manner; and threaded holes (54) for lifting are respectively arranged on the side wall single plate (51) and the prefabricated base block (41).

2. The prefabricated tapping runner as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the prefabricated base (4) is formed by assembling a plurality of base blocks (41) along a straight line direction, and two adjacent base blocks (41) are connected in an occlusion mode.

3. The prefabricated tapping runner as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the base blocks (41) comprise L-shaped transverse supports (44) and first bosses (42) arranged on the transverse supports (44), one ends of the first bosses (42) protrude out of the transverse supports (44) to form protruding sections (46), first gaps (45) are formed between the other ends of the first bosses and the transverse supports (44), and two adjacent base blocks (41) are mutually connected in a meshed mode through the protruding sections (46) and the first gaps (45).

4. The prefabricated runner of claim 3, wherein: the first boss (42) and the transverse support (44) are integrally formed, and an integrated circular arc-shaped groove (43) is formed at the upper parts of the first boss (42) and the transverse support (44).

5. The prefabricated tapping runner as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the side wall veneer (51) comprises a plate body (55), wherein one side surface of the plate body (55) is provided with a second boss (52), the other corresponding side surface of the plate body (55) forms a second notch (53), and an arc-shaped bulge (50) is arranged below the plate body (55).

6. The prefabricated runner of claim 5, wherein: the adjacent side wall single plates (51) are respectively a positive T-shaped side wall single plate and an inverted T-shaped side wall single plate, and the positions of the second bosses (52) of the T-shaped side wall single plate and the inverted T-shaped side wall single plate are opposite, so that the T-shaped side wall single plate and the inverted T-shaped side wall single plate are mutually meshed and connected.

7. The prefabricated tapping runner as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature measurement plate (7) and the prefabricated side plate (5) are integrally formed, a temperature sensor is arranged on the temperature measurement plate (7), the temperature sensor adopts a thermocouple, and the temperature sensor is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller).

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