CN100362114C - Blast furnace hearth - Google Patents
Blast furnace hearth Download PDFInfo
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- CN100362114C CN100362114C CNB2005100184928A CN200510018492A CN100362114C CN 100362114 C CN100362114 C CN 100362114C CN B2005100184928 A CNB2005100184928 A CN B2005100184928A CN 200510018492 A CN200510018492 A CN 200510018492A CN 100362114 C CN100362114 C CN 100362114C
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to a hearth of a blast furnace, which solves the problem existing in the heat-conducting situation of a furnace lining and a hearth structure. The present invention has the technical measure that the hearth of a blast furnace is composed of a copper-casing cooling wall (1), a carbon ramming material layer (2), a large carbon brick (3) and a corundum brick (4). The present invention is characterized in that the inner side of the copper-casing cooling wall (1) is built with a layer of small carbon brick (5), and the carbon ramming material layer (2) is positioned between the small carbon brick (5) and the large carbon block (3). Because the carbon ramming material layer is pushed into the furnace, the working temperature of the hearth of a blast furnace is raised to the curing temperature (>80 DEG C) of a carbon ramming material, the heat-conducting coefficient of the present invention can achieve more than 20 W/Mk and is matched with that of the large carbon block, the heat conduction of the whole hearth is not blocked, and the surface temperature of the furnace lining is always kept below 1000 DEG C to 1100 DEG C. The present invention achieves a no-damage hearth, and the service life of the present invention achieves more than 20 years.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to iron-smelting blast furnace, especially belong to the iron-smelting blast furnace cupola well.
Background technology
The cupola well of blast furnace is the zone of preserving molten iron, and this a part of heat flow rate per unit area is very high, because molten iron is to the washing away of cupola well furnace bottom, oxidation and chemical erosion, the cupola well furnace bottom is burnt and the phenomenon that causes blast furnace stopping to stop production is of common occurrence at home and abroad.With regard to modern large blast furnace body, the life cycle that how to prolong the cupola well furnace bottom becomes a critical limitation link of blast furnace longevity.
From the practice of blast furnace ironmaking as can be known, when molten iron and slag arrive cupola well,, just can solidify, form so-called " freezing housing " near the slag iron on basque surface because the temperature of basque is lower than molten iron and slag.The existence of this layer housing is avoided washing away of molten iron and slag and corrodes that to the refractory materials of protection cupola well very big benefit is arranged, and the temperature of basque is low more, and " freezing housing " is just thick more.Practice shows, when the furnace lining surface temperature can remain on below 1000-1100 ℃, then the thickness that " freezes housing " can remain on more than the 10mm.But when the smelting iron process instability of blast furnace, the temperature of basque raises, and causes housing to melt, and fire proof material of furnace lining will continue to be subjected to washing away, corroding of molten iron and slag, makes the basque attenuation.So, how to guarantee the thermal conductive resin of furnace lining, be the problem that must at first pay close attention to.
On the other hand, investigate as can be known by the breakage to blast furnace hearth, carbon block lining a cyclic crackle band can occur after using for some time, and this is because carbon brick is subjected to furnace high-temperature vapour of an alkali metal erosive result.And just think that furnace temperature reaches 1000-1100 ℃ of deterioration that just occurs carbon brick.This temperature band is the closer to the cupola well surface, and the crackle band is light more to the destruction of furnace lining.Therefore, how to control the heat conduction situation of whole furnace lining, the furnace lining surface temperature is remained on below 1000-1100 ℃, then vapour of an alkali metal just can not produce corrosive nature to furnace lining.
In sum, the distribution of the temperature field of cupola well is vital.No matter be the existence that keeps " freezing housing ", still avoid the corrosion of vapour of an alkali metal, all require the cupola well each several part all to have good thermal conductivity, in time the heat with furnace lining passes to furnace shell, with the surface temperature control of furnace lining liner below 1000-1100 ℃.If can accomplish this point, just can guarantee that blast furnace damages never.In order to reach this purpose, just must guarantee that the each several part of cupola well all has good thermal conductivity.At present, common in the world way is the furnace lining material carbon brick, the copper cooling stave of furnace shell.The thermal conductivity of micropore carbon brick in the time of 1000 ℃ is 22W/mK, and the thermal conductivity of copper cooling wall is up to 224W/mK.But find that in real work even adopted the building materials of high thermal conductivity, the thermal conduction situation of whole cupola well is still not ideal.After deliberation, the masonry way of this and cupola well has much relations.The masonry way that generally adopts as shown in Figure 1 at present.Among the figure, the 1st, copper cooling wall, the 2nd, carbon element ramming layer, the 3rd, carbon block, the 4th, corundum brick.The effect of carbon element ramming layer is the expansion that absorbs new body of heater furnace lining in heat-processed, and after cupola well reached thermal equilibrium, this one deck carbon element ramming mass just lost the expansible effect that absorbs.In this masonry way, carbon element ramming layer is near copper cooling wall, because the thermal conductivity of copper cooling wall is fairly good, in real work, the temperature of carbon element ramming layer has only 40-50 ℃.For the carbon element ramming mass, only 100 ℃ through 24 hours baking after, thermal conductivity just can arrive its maximum value 20W/mK.When the temperature of carbon element ramming layer was in 40-50 ℃, thermal conductivity had only 5-10W/mK.In fact this layer carbon element ramming layer becomes the thermofin of a low heat conductivity, has a strong impact on the transmission of heat.Make the copper cooling wall and the carbon brick of high thermal conductivity coefficient not bring into play the effect of reinforcement refrigerative, can also make the temperature of brick lining too high when serious, surpass normal working temperature, force blast furnace underproduction cooling, influence blast furnace campaign.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, proposed a kind ofly by changing the position of carbon element ramming layer, improving the thermal conduction situation of cupola well effectively, thereby improve the blast furnace blast furnace hearth in work-ing life.
Technical measures: blast furnace hearth of the present invention is made up of cast copper cooling wall, carbon element ramming layer, big brick carbon and corundum brick, be characterized in building the thick fritter carbon brick of one deck 200-250mm by laying bricks or stones in the copper cooling wall inboard, the carbon element ramming bed of material is between fritter carbon brick and the carbon block.
It is that also the thickness of fritter carbon brick is 200-250mm.
Owing to passed 200-250mm in the carbon element ramming course stove, then the working temperature of this carbon element ramming layer is inevitable raises to some extent, can reach the solidification value (＞80 ℃) of carbon element ramming mass, its thermal conductivity can reach more than the 20W/mK, be complementary with the thermal conductivity of carbon brick, make the thermal conduction of whole cupola well not interrupted, the furnace lining surface temperature is remained at below 1000-1100 ℃.Consequently: keep that melting slag iron forms on the furnace lining surface " freezing housing " has enough thickness, to resist washing away, corroding of molten iron and slag; Can avoid the corrosion of vapour of an alkali metal again to furnace lining.Can guarantee that so just the thickness of cupola well in whole stove labour does not reduce, reach the purpose of harmless cupola well, make to reach blast furnace campaign more than 20 years.By reducing by an overhaul, only recondition expense just can be saved hundred million yuan of 4-5; In addition, blast furnace maintenance needs 6 months time, 3000M approximately
2The blast furnace annual output is about 2,600,000 tons, and 6 months production loss is up to hundred million yuan of 3-4.Therefore, economic benefit of the present invention is more than 1,000,000,000 yuan.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the conventional at present blast furnace hearth structural representation that adopts
Among the figure, the 1st, copper cooling wall, the 2nd, the carbon element ramming bed of material, the 3rd, carbon block, the 4th, corundum brick
Fig. 2 is a blast furnace hearth structural representation of the present invention,
Among the figure: the 1st, copper cooling wall, the 2nd, the carbon element ramming bed of material, the 3rd, carbon block, the 4th, corundum brick, the 5th, fritter carbon brick.
Embodiment
The invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
From Fig. 1 as seen, in the masonry way of routine, the carbon element ramming bed of material (2) is near copper cooling wall (1), because the thermal conductivity of copper cooling wall (1) is fairly good, so the temperature of the carbon element ramming bed of material (2) has only 40-50 ℃, reach the solidification value (＞80 ℃) of carbon element ramming mass far away, the thermal conductivity of carbon element ramming bed of material this moment (2) has only 5-10W/mK.In fact this layer carbon element ramming bed of material (2) becomes the thermofin of a low heat conductivity, has a strong impact on the transmission of heat.Make the copper cooling wall (1) and the carbon block (3) of high thermal conductivity coefficient not bring into play the effect of reinforcement refrigerative.In order to address this problem, on No. 7 blast furnaces of Wuhan Iron and Steel Plant, adopted new design.As shown in Figure 2, the difference of newly-designed masonry way and conventional masonry way is to be that 200mm fritter carbon brick (5) replaces with designing at copper cooling wall (1) the inboard carbon element ramming bed of material (2) originally with a layer thickness, the inboard of this one deck fritter carbon brick (5) is built the carbon element ramming bed of material (2) again by laying bricks or stones, makes to build the carbon element ramming bed of material (2) by laying bricks or stones and be between fritter carbon brick (5) and the carbon block (3).Compare with conventional masonry way, the position of building the carbon element ramming bed of material (2) by laying bricks or stones has moved inward 200mm, consequently the working temperature of this carbon element ramming bed of material (2) is inevitable raises to some extent, can reach about 100 ℃, surpass the solidification value (＞80 ℃) of carbon element ramming mass, its thermal conductivity can reach more than the 20W/mK, is complementary with the thermal conductivity of carbon block (3), make the thermal conduction of whole cupola well not interrupted, the furnace lining surface temperature is remained at below 1000-1100 ℃.Consequently: keep melting slag iron enough thickness to be arranged, to resist washing away, corroding of molten iron and slag at " the freezing housing " that the furnace lining surface forms; Can avoid the corrosion of vapour of an alkali metal again to furnace lining.Can guarantee that so just the thickness of cupola well in whole stove labour does not reduce, reach the purpose of harmless cupola well, make to reach blast furnace campaign more than 20 years.
Claims (1)
1. blast furnace hearth, it comprises cast copper cooling wall (1), the carbon element ramming bed of material (2), carbon block (3) and corundum brick (4), it is characterized in that: build one deck fritter carbon brick (5) by laying bricks or stones in the inboard of copper cooling wall (1), the carbon element ramming bed of material (2) is between fritter carbon brick (5) and the carbon block (3);
The thickness of fritter carbon brick (5) is 200-250mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100184928A CN100362114C (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2005-04-01 | Blast furnace hearth |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100184928A CN100362114C (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2005-04-01 | Blast furnace hearth |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1676616A CN1676616A (en) | 2005-10-05 |
| CN100362114C true CN100362114C (en) | 2008-01-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100184928A Expired - Fee Related CN100362114C (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2005-04-01 | Blast furnace hearth |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN100362114C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108424989A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-21 | 邢台钢铁有限责任公司 | A kind of blast furnace taphole region cooling structure |
| CN115852075A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-03-28 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Blast furnace bottom hearth with heat conduction and erosion coupling effect |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5842707A (en) * | 1981-09-07 | 1983-03-12 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Construction for refractory lining of blast furnace |
| JPS59190307A (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1984-10-29 | Shinagawa Refract Co Ltd | Packing material for blast furnace |
| JPS59197509A (en) * | 1983-04-23 | 1984-11-09 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Construction of brickwork at hearth of blast furnace |
-
2005
- 2005-04-01 CN CNB2005100184928A patent/CN100362114C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5842707A (en) * | 1981-09-07 | 1983-03-12 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Construction for refractory lining of blast furnace |
| JPS59190307A (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1984-10-29 | Shinagawa Refract Co Ltd | Packing material for blast furnace |
| JPS59197509A (en) * | 1983-04-23 | 1984-11-09 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Construction of brickwork at hearth of blast furnace |
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| CN1676616A (en) | 2005-10-05 |
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Granted publication date: 20080116 Termination date: 20140401 |