CN215419662U

CN215419662U - Multi-battery switching device and system

Info

Publication number: CN215419662U
Application number: CN202121409853.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王友伟; 何俊丰
Original assignee: Guangdong Pow Tech New Power Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Pow Tech New Power Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-22
Filing date: 2021-06-22
Publication date: 2022-01-04
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-battery switching device and a system, wherein the device comprises a plurality of battery anode ports, a battery cathode total port, a system anode port, a system cathode port, a control unit and a plurality of switching units, wherein the battery anode port is used for electrically connecting the anodes of corresponding battery units, the battery cathode total port is used for electrically connecting the cathodes of all the battery units, each switching unit comprises a channel control unit, the first end of each channel control unit is electrically connected with the corresponding battery anode port, the second end of each channel control unit is electrically connected with the system anode port, the system cathode port is electrically connected with the battery cathode total port, and the control unit independently controls the on-off of each channel control unit so as to enable any battery unit to supply power to the outside through the system anode port and the system cathode port; the utility model has fast switching speed, and no high-heat-value component is arranged in a system circuit, thereby effectively avoiding instantaneous power failure caused by the switching time process and influence on stability caused by large heat.

Description

Multi-battery switching device and system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of multi-battery power supply, in particular to a multi-battery switching device and a multi-battery switching system.

Background

The existing power battery system generally adopts a mode of a plurality of batteries to supply power to the outside, and the number of the batteries supplying power is controlled to adjust the power supply voltage and current. The existing power battery system mainly adopts a relay or a power diode as a multi-battery change-over switch and performs unidirectional conductive limitation on batteries.

However, due to the electrical characteristics of the relay and the power diode, the switching time in the prior art is too long, which causes the system to be instantaneously powered off during the switching process, and the current flowing through the power diode is too large, which causes the power diode to generate too much heat, which causes the overall heat of the system circuit to be too large, resulting in the instability of the system.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a multi-battery switching device and a multi-battery switching system, which have high switching speed, do not have high-heating-value components in a system circuit, and effectively avoid instantaneous power failure caused by a switching time process and influence on system stability caused by overlarge circuit heating.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model discloses a multi-battery switching device which comprises a plurality of battery anode ports, a battery cathode total port, a system anode port, a system cathode port, a control unit and a plurality of switching units, wherein the battery anode ports are used for being electrically connected with anodes of corresponding battery units, the battery cathode total port is used for being electrically connected with cathodes of all the battery units, each switching unit comprises a channel control unit, the first end of each channel control unit is electrically connected with the corresponding battery anode port, the second end of each channel control unit is electrically connected with the system anode port, the system cathode port is electrically connected with the battery cathode total port, and the control unit independently controls the on-off of each channel control unit so that any battery unit can supply power to the outside through the system anode port and the system cathode port.

Compared with the prior art, each battery unit supplies power to the outside through the corresponding switching unit, and the control unit independently controls the on-off of each channel control unit so as to realize the power supply switching of any battery unit; on the other hand, no high-heat-value component is arranged in the system circuit, so that the influence on the system stability caused by excessive heat generation of the circuit is effectively avoided.

Preferably, the channel control unit includes a first field effect transistor and a second field effect transistor connected in series, a source electrode of the first field effect transistor is electrically connected to a positive electrode port of a corresponding battery, a drain electrode of the first field effect transistor is electrically connected to a drain electrode of the second field effect transistor, a source electrode of the second field effect transistor is electrically connected to a positive electrode port of the system, and the control unit controls on/off of the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor through a gate electrode of the first field effect transistor and a gate electrode of the second field effect transistor respectively to control on/off of the channel control unit.

Specifically, the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are both N-channel enhancement type MOS transistors.

Preferably, the switching unit further includes a driving unit, the driving unit includes a first output end, a second output end and an input end, the first output end is electrically connected to the gate of the first field effect transistor, the second output end is electrically connected to the gate of the second field effect transistor, the control unit includes a plurality of control ends, each control end is electrically connected to the input end of the corresponding driving unit, and the control unit controls the on-off of any channel control unit through the driving unit.

Preferably, the driving unit further includes a first ground terminal, and the driving unit is grounded through the first ground terminal.

Preferably, the control unit further includes a plurality of collecting terminals, and the collecting terminals are electrically connected to the voltage between the first terminal of the corresponding channel control unit and the corresponding battery positive electrode port.

Preferably, the channel control unit further includes a current protection unit electrically connected between the first end of the channel control unit and the corresponding battery positive electrode port.

Preferably, the current protection unit is a fuse.

Preferably, the control unit further includes a second ground terminal, the control unit is grounded through the first ground terminal, and the system negative port and the battery negative port are grounded.

Correspondingly, the utility model also discloses a multi-battery switching system which comprises the multi-battery switching device and a plurality of battery units, wherein the multi-battery switching device is as described above.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a multi-cell switching system of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, the multi-battery switching system of the present embodiment includes a multi-battery switching device 100 and a plurality of battery cells 200, where the battery cells 200 may be lithium batteries or lead-acid batteries, and of course, the battery cells 200 may also be other types of batteries.

The multi-battery switching device 100 comprises a plurality of battery positive electrode ports 10, a battery negative electrode total port 20, a system positive electrode port 30, a system negative electrode port 40, a control unit 50 and a plurality of switching units 60, wherein the number of the battery units 200 is the same as that of the switching units 60. The battery positive port 10 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the corresponding battery cell 200, and the battery negative port 20 is electrically connected to the negative electrodes of all the battery cells 200.

The switching unit 60 includes a channel control unit 61, a first end of the channel control unit 61 is electrically connected to the corresponding battery positive port 10, a second end is electrically connected to the system positive port 30, the system negative port 40 is electrically connected to the battery negative general port 20, and the control unit 50 independently controls on/off of each channel control unit 61, so that any battery unit 200 supplies power to the outside through the system positive port 30 and the system negative port 40.

It can be understood that each battery unit 200 is powered externally according to the on/off of the corresponding channel control unit 61, and therefore, the external power supply combination of the battery units 200 can be realized by independently controlling the on/off of each channel control unit 61.

Preferably, the channel control unit 61 includes a first fet Q1 and a second fet Q2 connected in series, the source S of the first fet Q1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal 10 of the corresponding battery, the drain D is electrically connected to the drain D of the second fet Q2, the source S of the second fet Q2 is electrically connected to the positive terminal 30 of the system, and the control unit 50 controls the on/off of the first fet Q1 and the second fet Q2 through the gate G of the first fet Q1 and the gate G of the second fet Q2, respectively, so as to control the on/off of the channel control unit 61.

Specifically, the first field effect transistor Q1 and the second field effect transistor Q2 are both N-channel enhancement type MOS transistors. Of course, in other embodiments, the first fet Q1 and the second fet Q2 may also be P-channel enhancement MOS transistors, or other types of switching transistors, and the first fet Q1 and the second fet Q2 may also be combinations of various types of switching transistors. At this time, the series structure of the first fet Q1 and the second fet Q2 needs to be adjusted according to the actual situation of the circuit, which is not described herein.

It should be noted that the channel control unit 61 of the present embodiment is formed by connecting two switch tubes in series, and when both switch tubes are turned on, the corresponding battery unit 200 supplies power to the outside, so as to avoid the error switching caused by the error operation of a single switch tube. In other embodiments, the number of the switch tubes may be one, three, or four, and at this time, the control unit 50 needs to make an adaptive adjustment, which is not described herein.

Because the response realization of the opening and closing of the effect tube can reach the microsecond level, the response time of taking the relay as the change-over switch is greatly prolonged compared with the traditional method, the uninterrupted switching can be realized in the switching process, and the power supply interruption caused by the overlong switching time in the traditional method is effectively avoided. In addition, the heating value of the power diode serving as the change-over switch is extremely low compared with the traditional method, the defect of overlarge heating value of a system circuit is overcome, and the stability of the system is effectively improved.

Referring to fig. 1, the switching unit 60 of the present embodiment further includes a driving unit 70, the driving unit 70 includes a first output end 71, a second output end 72 and an input end 73, the first output end 71 is electrically connected to the gate G of the first field effect transistor Q1, the second output end 72 is electrically connected to the gate G of the second field effect transistor Q2, the control unit 50 includes a plurality of control ends 51, each control end 51 is electrically connected to the input end 73 of the corresponding driving unit 70, and the control unit 50 controls on and off of any channel control unit 61 through the driving unit 70.

Preferably, the driving unit 70 further includes a first ground terminal 74, and the driving unit 70 is grounded through the first ground terminal 74.

Preferably, the control unit 50 further includes a plurality of collecting terminals 52, the collecting terminals 52 are electrically connected to the voltage between the first terminal of the corresponding channel control unit 61 and the corresponding battery positive terminal 10, and the control unit 50 acquires the voltage information of all the battery units 200 by collecting the voltage between the first terminal of the channel control unit 61 and the corresponding battery positive terminal 10, so that the control unit 50 can optimize the switching of each battery unit 200 according to the real-time voltage status of all the battery units 200, thereby improving the power supply efficiency and protecting the service life of the battery units 200.

Preferably, the channel control unit 61 further includes a current protection unit 80, and the current protection unit 80 is electrically connected between the first end of the channel control unit 61 and the corresponding battery positive electrode port 10. Preferably, the current protection unit 80 is a fuse. Specifically, when the voltage flowing through the channel control unit 61 exceeds the preset protection current of the current protection unit 80, the current protection unit 80 is blown to prevent system damage due to overcurrent.

Preferably, the control unit 50 further includes a second ground 53, the control unit 50 is grounded through the first ground 74, and the connection between the system negative port 40 and the battery negative port 20 is grounded.

It should be noted that the control unit 50 of this embodiment is constructed by electronic components such as a resistor, a capacitor, an inductor, a comparator and/or a gate circuit, and certainly, in other preferred manners, the control unit 50 may also be a processor such as a single chip microcomputer, an ARM, an MCU, a DSP, an FPGA or an embedded chip, and details are not described herein.

With reference to fig. 1, each battery unit 200 of the present invention supplies power to the outside through the corresponding switching unit 60, and the control unit 50 independently controls the on/off of each channel control unit 61 to implement power switching of any battery unit 200, on one hand, the switching speed is fast, thereby effectively avoiding instantaneous power failure caused by the switching time process; on the other hand, no high-heat-value component is arranged in the system circuit, so that the influence on the system stability caused by excessive heat generation of the circuit is effectively avoided.

The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-cell switching device, characterized by: including a plurality of battery positive pole ports, battery negative pole total port, system positive pole port, system negative pole port, the control unit and a plurality of switching unit, battery positive pole port is used for the electricity to connect the positive pole that corresponds the battery unit, battery negative pole total port is used for the electricity to connect all battery unit's negative pole, the switching unit includes passageway the control unit, the battery positive pole port that corresponds is connected to passageway the first end electricity of the control unit, and the second end electricity is connected system positive pole port, system negative pole port electricity is connected battery negative pole total port, the break-make of each passageway the control unit of control unit independent control to make arbitrary battery unit pass through system positive pole port and system negative pole port are external to be supplied power.

2. The multi-cell switching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the channel control unit comprises a first field effect tube and a second field effect tube which are connected in series, a source electrode of the first field effect tube is electrically connected with a corresponding battery anode port, a drain electrode of the first field effect tube is electrically connected with a drain electrode of the second field effect tube, a source electrode of the second field effect tube is electrically connected with a system anode port, and the control unit controls the on-off of the first field effect tube and the second field effect tube through a grid electrode of the first field effect tube and a grid electrode of the second field effect tube respectively so as to control the on-off of the channel control unit.

3. The multi-cell switching apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are both N-channel enhanced MOS transistors.

4. The multi-cell switching apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the switching unit further comprises a driving unit, the driving unit comprises a first output end, a second output end and an input end, the first output end is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor, the second output end is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor, the control unit comprises a plurality of control ends, each control end is electrically connected with the input end of the corresponding driving unit, and the control units respectively control the on-off of any channel control unit through the driving units.

5. The multi-cell switching device according to claim 4, wherein: the driving unit further includes a first ground terminal through which the driving unit is grounded.

6. The multi-cell switching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the control unit further comprises a plurality of collecting ends, and the collecting ends are electrically connected with the voltages between the first ends of the corresponding channel control units and the corresponding battery anode ports.

7. The multi-cell switching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the channel control unit further comprises a current protection unit which is electrically connected between the first end of the channel control unit and the corresponding battery anode port.

8. The multi-cell switching apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the current protection unit is a fuse.

9. The multi-cell switching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the control unit further comprises a second grounding end, the control unit is grounded through the first grounding end, and the system negative port and the battery negative total port are grounded.

10. A multi-cell switching system, characterized by: comprising a multi-cell switching device as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 and a plurality of battery cells.