CN215379811U - Ditching machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ditcher which comprises a rack, wherein a gearbox driven by a power device is installed on the rack, a transversely arranged power output shaft is installed at the output end of the gearbox, a limiting device is connected onto the power output shaft and arranged on the outer side of the gearbox, and a ditching device capable of setting ditching width is installed between the gearbox and the limiting device. Through setting up adapter sleeve isotructure among stop device and the ditching device, can solve the problem of damaging the spline housing when changing the blade disc, avoided power output shaft to lead to unable drive spline housing's rotation because of skidding, improved ditching efficiency.

Description

Ditching machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a ditcher, in particular to an anti-slip ditcher with a preset ditch width.

Background

China is a big agricultural country, along with the development of science and technology, the automation degree in the agricultural production process is higher and higher, and agricultural machinery plays a very important role in agricultural production. In the existing crop planting or orchard planting operation process, furrowing and ridging operation needs to be carried out on a farmland before planting, and a furrowing machine is generally used. The commonly used ditcher is generally a double-disc, single-disc or chain ditcher, and ditching and forming are realized by performing processes of circular motion cutting, digging, soil throwing and the like through a rotary disc cutter or a chain-shaped cutter.

However, a certain gap exists between the power output shaft and the shaft sleeve of the existing ditcher, the limit plate is buckled at one end of the power output shaft for limiting at present, along with the increase of the working time, the gap between the power output shaft and the shaft sleeve is larger and larger, and the phenomenon of slipping occurs, so that the problem that the ditching device cannot be driven to work is caused, at the moment, the shaft sleeve needs to be stopped to work and replaced, and the ditching progress is influenced; moreover, when the ditching device works, excavated soil is easy to accumulate on the soil retaining plate, the rotating speed of the ditching cutter head is influenced, and the ditching cutter can not work seriously, so that the ditching efficiency is influenced; in addition, the cutter head is directly welded on the shaft sleeve, if the cutter head is damaged or the ditching width is different, the shaft sleeve and even the power output shaft can be damaged by replacing the cutter head, and the maintenance cost is higher.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that the spline housing is prevented from being damaged when the second cutter head is replaced, and the maintenance cost is high; and the power output shaft is easy to slip, so that the ditching efficiency is influenced.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model comprises a frame, and is characterized in that: the ditching machine is characterized in that a gearbox driven by a power device is installed on the rack, a transversely arranged power output shaft is installed at the output end of the gearbox, a limiting device is connected onto the power output shaft, the limiting device is arranged on the outer side of the gearbox, and a ditching device capable of setting ditching width is installed between the gearbox and the limiting device.

Further, in order to ensure that the shaft sleeve can stably rotate together with the power output shaft; the power output shaft is a spline shaft, and two end parts of the spline shaft are respectively positioned at two sides of the gearbox and provided with spline sleeves.

In order to avoid damaging the spline sleeve when the second cutter head is replaced; the ditching device comprises a connecting sleeve, one end of the connecting sleeve is matched with the spline shaft, and the other end of the connecting sleeve is sleeved on the spline shaft; the connecting sleeve is radially provided with a first cutter disc and a second cutter disc which are arranged at intervals; the first cutter disc is arranged between the gearbox and the second cutter disc.

Furthermore, one side of the first cutter head, which is close to the gearbox, is connected with a plurality of first cutter seats distributed along the first cutter head in an annular mode, and two sides of the second cutter head are connected with a plurality of second cutter seats distributed along the second cutter head in an annular mode.

In order to ensure that the soil is uniformly dug and thrown during working, the soil is convenient to be stirred and dispersed, and the thrown soil is prevented from being accumulated together; and the second tool holders on two sides of the second cutter head are arranged in a staggered manner.

To avoid serious dust emission of the thrown soil; the both sides of frame all install and keep off the native board, it sets up between gearbox and second blade disc to keep off the native board.

Furthermore, in order to conveniently remove soil accumulated on the soil retaining plate at any time, the first cutter disc is arranged between the soil retaining plate and the second cutter disc.

In order to avoid the phenomenon of slipping between the spline shaft and the spline sleeve, even the spline shaft cannot drive the spline sleeve to rotate, and the working efficiency is influenced; the limiting device comprises a bolt; a shaft section of the spline shaft, which is far away from the gearbox, is radially provided with a first limiting hole, and a spline sleeve is radially provided with a second limiting hole and a third limiting hole which are coaxial with the first limiting hole; the bolt sequentially passes through the second limiting hole, the first limiting hole and the third limiting hole, the head of the bolt is tightly pressed on the spline shaft, the tail of the bolt is in threaded connection with a nut, and the nut is abutted against the spline sleeve.

In conclusion, the ditching devices are respectively arranged at the two end parts of the spline shaft, when the spline shaft rotates, the ditching cutters in the ditching devices rotate along with the second cutter head to lift the planed soil upwards and outwards, the soil retaining plate limits the upward throwing height of the soil, high-altitude dust raising is avoided, and the soil is thrown and accumulated towards the two sides; simultaneously, the scraper is rotatory along with first blade disc, scrapes off at any time and tries accumulational earth on the fender apron, has avoided earth to pile up on the fender apron and influence the work of ditching sword, has improved ditching efficiency.

By arranging the spline sleeve matched with the spline shaft, the position of the second cutter head can be determined according to the preset ditching width, and the second cutter head can be directly cut off when damaged at the later stage, so that the spline sleeve is prevented from being damaged during replacement; in addition, the second tool apron arranged on two sides of the second cutter head in a staggered mode can ensure that soil is thrown evenly during working.

Through the spacing hole of second and the spacing hole of third that radially sets up and the epaxial first spacing hole matching of integral key at the spline housing, the bolt passes the spacing hole of second in proper order, first spacing hole, the spacing hole of third and its head crimping are on the integral key shaft, the screw thread section of bolt passes through nut and spline housing lock joint, the coupling distance between integral key shaft and the spline housing has been shortened, the integral key shaft has been avoided skidding between integral key shaft and the spline housing, the unable drive spline housing pivoted phenomenon of integral key shaft appears, ditching efficiency has been improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, serve to provide a further understanding of the application and to enable other features, objects, and advantages of the application to be more apparent. The drawings and their description illustrate the embodiments of the utility model and do not limit it. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation position of the ditching device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of C-C in FIG. 2;

fig. 6 is a right-side view of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6.

The ditching machine comprises a machine body with power output, wherein a machine frame 1 is connected to the rear of the machine body, and the machine body is connected with the machine frame 1 in a three-point fixing mode in order to ensure stability. In general, a ditcher is used with a tractor and driven by the power of the tractor to ditch, and the machine body is the tractor.

A gear box 2 driven by an engine of a tractor serving as power is arranged on the frame 1, and the engine of the tractor is connected with the gear box 2 through a transmission shaft; the specific structure of the gearbox 2 is the prior art and will not be described in detail herein. The output end of the gearbox 2 is provided with a power output shaft, the power output shaft preferably selects a spline shaft 3, and the two ends of the spline shaft 3 are sleeved with spline sleeves 4.

Two end parts of the spline shaft 3 are respectively positioned at two sides of the gearbox 2 and are provided with ditching devices, each ditching device comprises a connecting sleeve 5, one end of each connecting sleeve 5 is fixedly connected with the spline housing 4, and the other end of each connecting sleeve 5 is sleeved on the spline shaft 3; a bevel cut which inclines inwards from top to bottom is arranged between the two connecting sleeves 5; each connecting sleeve 5 is welded with a first cutter head 6 and a second cutter head 7 which are arranged at intervals, the distance between the two second cutter heads 7, namely the ditching width, can be preset according to the ditching width, and if the connecting sleeve is damaged in the later period, the connecting sleeve can be welded again after cutting the second cutter heads 7 under the condition of not damaging the spline housing 4 and the spline shaft 3; similarly, when the first cutter head 6 is damaged, it is replaced in the same manner. The first cutter disc 6 is arranged close to the gear box 2, and the diameter of the first cutter disc 6 is smaller than that of the second cutter disc 7.

A plurality of first tool holders 8 which are arranged annularly are fixedly arranged on one side of the first tool disc 6 close to the gearbox 2, and a scraper 9 is fixedly connected on each first tool holder 8. Taking a group of three first tool holders 8 as an example, the three first tool holders 8 are annularly distributed on the peripheral ring of the first cutter disc 6; when the first cutter seats 8 are installed, the three first cutter seats 8 are respectively fixed on the first cutter head 6 by using fasteners, and the fasteners can be fixed by adopting studs and bolts or adopting a welding or inserting mode; the blade 9 is also secured to the first blade holder 8 using bolts or other fasteners.

A plurality of second tool holders 10 are arranged on two sides of the second cutter 7, the first side of the second cutter 7, which faces the gearbox 2, is the inner side, and the other side is the outer side; the inner second tool apron 10 and the outer second tool apron 10 are arranged in a staggered manner; each second tool apron 10 is fixed on the second cutter head 7 by a fastener, and a ditching tool 11 is fixedly connected on the second tool apron 10. Taking the example that each side of the second cutter 7 comprises six second cutter seats 10, the six second cutter seats 10 surround the circumference of the second cutter 7, and the number of the trenching knives 11 mounted on the inner second cutter seat 10 is smaller than the number of the trenching knives 11 mounted on the outer second cutter seat 10. When the second tool apron 10 is installed, the second tool apron 10 is respectively fixed on the second tool pan 7 by using fasteners, and the fasteners can be fixed by adopting studs and bolts or adopting a welding or inserting mode; the trenching blade 11 is also secured to the second tool holder 10 using bolts or other fasteners.

The first tool holder 8 and the second tool holder 10 can be designed as inserts for connecting the doctor blade 9 and the trenching blade 11, respectively, and the doctor blade 9 and the trenching blade 11 can be straight blades or trenching blades of other structures, preferably the doctor blade 9 and the trenching blade 11 bent toward the gear box 2 in the figure.

The size of the scraper 9 is smaller than that of the ditching cutter 11, the scraper 9 and the ditching cutter 11 are both bent towards the direction of the gearbox 2, the section of the outer extending end of the scraper is arc-shaped, and the side surface of the scraper is also arc-shaped; when the ditching tool is in work, the ditching tool 11 rotates, the outer extending end of the ditching tool is in a land digging state, and the dug soil is enabled to be lifted upwards and outwards under the driving action of the rotating ditching tool 11, and the digging operation is similar to the action of digging the land by animal claws, so that the maximum power can be saved, and the best ditching effect can be realized. The ditching cutters 11 on two sides of the gearbox 2 respectively rotate along with the second cutter discs 7 on the same side, the rotation tracks respectively form ditching surfaces, the bottoms of the two ditching surfaces are close, the tops of the two ditching surfaces are open, and the included angle of the two ditching surfaces is consistent with the inclination angle of the inclined notch between the connecting sleeves 5.

Soil retaining plates 12 for preventing soil from rising are respectively arranged on two sides of the frame 1, and a colter 13 which is connected with the soil retaining plates 12 and is obliquely bent downwards and forwards and can cut soil is arranged behind the frame 1; the soil guard plate 12 is arranged above the first tool apron 8 and the second tool apron 10 in a winding mode, and the coulter 13 is arranged below the first tool apron 8 and the second tool apron 10 in a winding mode. Each earth-retaining plate 12 is respectively arranged between the gearbox 2 and the second cutter disc 7, and the first cutter disc 6 is arranged between the earth-retaining plate 12 and the second cutter disc 7, so that the earth accumulated on the earth-retaining plate 12 can be scraped off; when the furrowing blade 11 is at the lowest position, the lowest position of the furrowing blade 11 is above the lowest position of the coulter 13.

First spacing hole 14 has all radially been seted up on the shaft part of keeping away from the both sides of gearbox 2 on the integral key shaft 3, radially seted up coaxial second spacing hole 15 and the spacing hole 16 of third on the spline housing 4, first spacing hole 14, the spacing hole 15 of second and the coaxial setting of the spacing hole 16 of third. Preferably, the first limiting hole 14, the second limiting hole 15 and the third limiting hole 16 are through holes; during the use, select for use fasteners such as bolt to connect integral key shaft 3 and spline housing 4, the fastener in this scheme selects for use bolt 17, and bolt 17 passes second spacing hole 15, first spacing hole 14, third spacing hole 16 in proper order and fixes with nut 18, and nut 18 butt is on spline housing 4, and the head of bolt 17 compresses tightly on integral key shaft 2.

When the device is used, the position of the second cutter 7 on the connecting sleeve 5 is determined according to the ditching width, the welding positions of two second cutters 7 selected according to different ditching widths are different, and when the second cutters 7 are damaged, the second cutters 7 can be replaced after being cut under the condition that the spline shafts 3 and the spline sleeves 4 are not damaged; then, an engine of a tractor drives a gearbox 2 to start working, a coulter 13 contacts the ground and cuts the soil, a spline shaft 3 rotates at the same time, a ditching cutter 11 rotates along with a second cutter disc 7 to lift the planed soil upwards and outwards, a soil retaining plate 12 limits the upward throwing height of the soil, high-altitude dust is avoided, the soil is enabled to be thrown and accumulated towards two sides, and meanwhile, a scraper 9 rotates along with a first cutter disc 6 to scrape off the soil trying to be accumulated on the soil retaining plate 12 at any time; in the process, the spline housing 4 is matched with the spline shaft 3, the head of the stud 17 abuts against the spline shaft 3, the bolt 17 penetrates through the spline housing 4 and is fixedly connected through the nut 18, the connection distance between the spline shaft 3 and the spline housing 4 is shortened, and the phenomenon that the spline shaft 3 and the spline housing 4 are easy to slip after being loosened is weakened.

The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention, and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the utility model as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a ditching machine, includes frame (1), install gearbox (2) by power device driven on frame (1), the power take-off axle of horizontal setting, its characterized in that are installed to the output of gearbox (2): the power output shaft is connected with a limiting device, the limiting device is arranged on the outer side of the gearbox (2), and a ditching device capable of setting ditching width is installed between the gearbox (2) and the limiting device.

2. A ditcher as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power output shaft is provided with a spline shaft (3), and two end parts of the spline shaft (3) are respectively positioned at two sides of the gearbox (2) and are provided with spline sleeves (4).

3. A ditcher as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the ditching device comprises a connecting sleeve (5), one end of the connecting sleeve (5) is matched with the spline shaft (3), and the other end of the connecting sleeve (5) is sleeved on the spline sleeve (4); a first cutter head (6) and a second cutter head (7) which are arranged at intervals are radially arranged on the connecting sleeve (5); the first cutter head (6) is arranged between the gearbox (2) and the second cutter head (7).

4. A ditcher as claimed in claim 3, wherein: one side of the first cutter disc (6) close to the gearbox (2) is connected with a plurality of first cutter seats (8) distributed along the first cutter disc, and two sides of the second cutter disc (7) are connected with a plurality of second cutter seats (10) distributed along the second cutter disc.

5. A ditcher as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and the second tool holders (10) on two sides of the second cutter head (7) are arranged in a staggered manner.

6. A ditcher as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the soil blocking plate (12) are installed on two sides of the frame (1), and the soil blocking plate (12) is arranged between the gearbox (2) and the second cutter disc (7).

7. A ditcher as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the first cutter head (6) is arranged between the soil retaining plate (12) and the second cutter head (7).

8. A ditcher as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the limiting device comprises a bolt (17); a first limiting hole (14) is radially formed in a shaft section, far away from the gearbox (2), of the spline shaft (3), and a second limiting hole (15) and a third limiting hole (16) which are coaxial with the first limiting hole (14) are radially formed in the spline housing (4); the bolt (17) sequentially penetrates through the second limiting hole (15), the first limiting hole (14) and the third limiting hole (16), the head of the bolt is pressed on the spline shaft (3), the tail of the bolt (17) is in threaded connection with the nut (18), and the nut (18) abuts against the spline sleeve (4).

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