CN215374222U

CN215374222U - Light path traceable spectrometer based on Tyndall effect

Info

Publication number: CN215374222U
Application number: CN202122152518.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩慧慧; 孙浩; 仝川; 陈畅; 张旭; 高波; 金永豪; 管帅; 武旭飞; 李壮; 康淳
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-09-07
Filing date: 2021-09-07
Publication date: 2021-12-31
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-07

Abstract

The utility model relates to an optical path traceable spectrometer based on the Tyndall effect. The problem of inconvenient display tracking light path is solved. The spectrometer light source mechanism is arranged at the upper end of a rear upright post with an upward extending part of a base main body, a front upright post is upwards arranged at the end part of a transverse rod extending forwards from the base main body, a telescope is arranged at the upper end of the front upright post through a fastening part, an objective table used for arranging an optical device is arranged above the base main body or a front support rod fixedly arranged at the middle part of the rear upright post and extending forwards through the fastening part is arranged above the base main body, an objective table used for arranging the optical device is arranged above the base main body, a light-transmitting glue solution used for containing the light-transmitting glue solution is arranged in front of the objective table above the base main body, and a semicircular groove type transparent container with a forward convex part is arranged above the base main body. The device has the advantages of convenience in use, shallow analysis display of a tracking light path and improvement of the success rate of an experiment.

Description

Light path traceable spectrometer based on Tyndall effect

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a spectrometer, in particular to an optical path traceable spectrometer based on the Tyndall effect.

Background

The basic optical structure of a spectrometer is the basis for many optical instruments (e.g., prism spectrometers, grating spectrometers, spectrophotometers, monochromators, etc.). The method can be used for not only cultivating the basic experimental skills of students in physical experiments, but also cultivating the capability of the students for applying theoretical knowledge to solve practical problems, so that the method is a necessary experiment of college physical experiments. According to the relevant principle of geometric optics or wave optics, the optical experiment with abundant contents can be developed.

In order to obtain correct measurement results when observing the relevant phenomena and the measurement angle, it is necessary to ensure that the optical system (collimator and telescope) of the spectrometer is adapted to parallel light. I.e. the optical axis of the telescope is required to be perpendicular to the main axis of the spectrometer to ensure that the viewing surface is a plane. This is a relatively difficult adjustment process.

Spectrometers commonly used in schools are generally composed of three main components, a collimator, a prism stage and a telescope, all mounted on a tripod base and in the same plane. The prism table is a disc which can rotate around a central shaft, and a vernier is carved on a base of the prism table. The telescope is connected with a circular ring with angle reading on the periphery of the base, and the telescope and the circular ring can rotate around the central shaft. But the position of the collimator is fixed. Light emitted from a light source. The light is converted into parallel light by the collimator, then dispersed by the prism, changed in direction, and observed by the telescope to read out the deflected angle on the ring. Before the experiment is carried out, the spectrometer must be adjusted correspondingly to ensure the rigorous science and accurate data of the experiment, the main optical axis of the coarse adjustment telescope and the horizontal axis of the collimator are generally horizontal to the central axis of the spectrometer respectively through visual inspection, and then the adjustment is carried out to be strictly vertical by using a double-sided mirror through an 'up-down semi-successive approximation adjustment method'. The complicated adjusting steps bring great inconvenience to the experimental process. Therefore, there is a need for a spectrometer that is convenient to use and displays a tracking light path for teaching and science popularization.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and providing an optical traceable spectrometer based on the tyndall effect. The device improves the limitation and inconvenience of the traditional spectrometer in observation and use, facilitates the use of the spectrometer, and can display a tracking light path.

In order to achieve the purpose, the light path traceable spectrometer based on the Tyndall effect is characterized in that a spectrometer light source mechanism is arranged at the upper end of a rear upright post which is erected upwards in a backward extending part of a base main body through an adjustable fixing piece, a front upright post is arranged at the end part of a transverse rod which extends forwards of the base main body upwards, a telescope component is arranged at the upper end of the front upright post through the adjustable fixing piece, an objective table for arranging an optical device is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the base main body or a front extending support rod which extends forwards is fixedly arranged at the middle part of the rear upright post through the adjustable fixing piece, an objective table for arranging the optical device is arranged above the center of the upper surface of the base main body, a transparent glue solution is arranged in front of the objective table on the upper surface of the base main body, and a semicircular groove type transparent container with a forward convex part is arranged. Preferably: the axis of the light beam emitted by the spectrometer light source mechanism is in the same plane or the same horizontal axis with the observation axis of the telescope component. The optical path is visible, so that the main optical axis of the telescope, the horizontal axis of the collimator and the central axis of the spectrometer can be conveniently adjusted to be horizontal, and the adjusting step is greatly simplified. The tedious and complicated spectrometer adjustment experiment is simple and interesting, and the operability of the spectrometer experiment is innovated. The spectrometer which can not be accurately controlled in the experimental process can be observed and controlled, so that the experiment can be operated. The method can improve the complex debugging steps of roughly leveling the telescope and the horizontal shaft of the collimator and the central shaft of the spectrometer by visual inspection, adjusting the telescope and the horizontal shaft of the collimator to be strictly vertical by means of a 'vertical semi-successive approximation adjustment method' by means of a double-sided mirror, effectively avoid the defect that a large amount of time is spent on debugging the instrument before the experiment begins, simplify the steps of carrying out the experiment by students, shorten the time for carrying out the experiment and improve the success rate of the experiment. The experimental phenomena of diffraction, scattering and the like are visually presented to an observer, and the measurement of the physical quantity of the diffraction angle is more convenient. The semi-circular groove type transparent container is filled with a medium which can be aerosol, tea, dry ice and the like or colloidal substances formed by aluminum hydroxide and glycerin, and the shell of the semi-circular groove type transparent container uses a customized acrylic plate or solid resin, so that an obvious Tyndall phenomenon can be generated when light beams pass through the semi-circular groove type transparent container, and a clear light path is obtained. The optical path is generated by using a specific optical device, which brings great convenience for debugging instruments, outputting experimental results and the like. The optical device arranged on the object stage becomes the center of the spectrometer. The optical element is a grating, a lens, an optical isolator or a beam splitter, and the optical device can also comprise a plane mirror and a triangular prism. The object stage can be covered with a shading device which is square, the front end of the shading device is a movable baffle which is a shading baffle, the rear end of the shading device is a transparent baffle, and the upper end face and the lower end face of the shading device are both shading baffles. The bottom of the telescope is provided with the extension cross bar, the distance between the telescope and the objective table is increased, the light path display container is free to be set in a larger size, and the large-size container enables the display of the changed light path to be clearer and more accurate. The device has the advantages of convenience in use, shallow analysis display of a tracking light path and improvement of the success rate of an experiment.

As optimization, the light-transmitting glue solution in the semi-circular groove type transparent container is a light-transmitting colloid solution; the circle of the outer arc-shaped side wall of the semicircular groove-shaped transparent container and the circle of the inner arc-shaped side wall of the semicircular groove-shaped transparent container are concentric circles, and the perpendicular line of the center of the concentric circles passes through the center of the objective table. The center of the upper surface of the object stage is provided with a cross center mark.

As optimization, a transparent cover plate is movably arranged at the upper opening of the semi-circular groove type transparent container filled with the light-transmitting glue solution, or the transparent cover plate is fixedly arranged at the upper opening of the semi-circular groove type transparent container in a sealing manner. The semi-circular groove type transparent containers are a plurality of replaceable parallel containers which respectively contain different light-transmitting glue solutions.

As optimization, a base plate is arranged on a base with feet of the base body, round tables are arranged on the base plate through vertical supports at the rear end at intervals upwards, the semi-circular groove type transparent container is arranged on the base plate, and the base part of the semi-circular concave wall at the rear side of the semi-circular groove type transparent container is attached to the periphery of the front half part of the round tables; the end part of the transverse rod extending forwards from the base plate is upwards provided with a front upright post, and the upper end of the front upright post is provided with a telescope component.

As optimization, a limiting mechanism of a semi-circular groove type transparent container is arranged on the substrate, and the semi-circular groove type transparent container is used for containing different light-transmitting glue solutions and is convenient to replace. Stop gear is for setting up the semicircle ring recess that holds semicircle ring cell type transparent container bottom on the base plate, perhaps sets up a plurality of spacing posts side by side on the base plate, and two back spacing posts are used for supporting two back extension portion end walls of semicircle ring cell type transparent container, and at least one outer spacing post is used for supporting the excircle arc wall of semicircle ring cell type transparent container. And the outer limiting column is provided with a manual pressing claw which is supported by a spring and used for elastically abutting against the excircle arc wall of the semicircular groove type transparent container.

As optimization, a base plate is arranged on a base with bottom feet of the base main body, round tables are arranged on the base plate through vertical supports at the rear end at intervals upwards, and the semi-circular groove type transparent container is arranged on the round tables; the upper surface of the base plate is fixedly connected with a cross rod extending forwards through a rotary support with a rotary damper, the end part of the cross rod is upwards provided with a front upright post, and the upper end of the front upright post is provided with a telescope component; the axis of the rotary support and the center of a circle where the semi-circular groove type transparent container is located are on the same vertical line. The deflection angles of various light rays can be observed through the imaging equipment of the telescope component, namely the deflection angles are observed through the imaging equipment, the situation that human eyes stare at an eyepiece to observe in dark conditions is improved, and the visual fatigue of a user is improved. The spectrometer visualization device can be adjusted according to different imaging devices, and is wide in applicability. The telescope component comprises a telescope and an ocular, and the telescope and the ocular form a straight line light channel.

As optimization, set up the stop gear of semicircle ring cell type transparent container on the round platform, set up above the base plate with the ring shape calibrated scale of perpendicular line as the centre of a circle, the horizontal pole is in ring shape calibrated scale department is provided with the vertical observation window that is used for downward observation ring shape calibrated scale. Stop gear is the semicircle ring recess that sets up on the round platform and hold semicircle ring cell type transparent container bottom, also can set up a plurality of spacing posts side by side on the round platform, and two back spacing posts are used for supporting two back extension portion end walls of semicircle ring cell type transparent container, and at least one outer spacing post is used for supporting the excircle arc wall of semicircle ring cell type transparent container. And the outer limiting column is provided with a manual pressing claw which is supported by a spring and used for elastically abutting against the excircle arc wall of the semicircular groove type transparent container.

And optimally, a radial pointer corresponding to the scale marks of the circular ring-shaped dial is arranged in the vertical observation window, or a radial opposite scale mark matched with the scale marks of the circular ring-shaped dial is arranged on the transparent glass arranged on the observation window.

Preferably, the spectrometer light source mechanism is characterized in that a light source support is fixedly arranged at the upper end of a rear upright post through an adjustable fixing part, an LED light box and a light path component extending forwards from the LED light box are arranged on the light source support, and the light path component comprises a collimator and a light passing slit arranged at the front end. The LED lamp box is a high-brightness LED lamp box provided with a high-strength LED lamp tube. Compared with the prior high-pressure mercury lamp, the LED lamp box overcomes the defects that the prior high-pressure mercury lamp can generate high temperature and ozone when in use, has large power consumption, short service life and the like, and ensures that the spectrometer experiment is more environment-friendly and more efficient. A high-intensity LED lamp is used as a light source, and the light is emitted through a collimator with a diaphragm and then reaches an optical device, and then enters a specific container capable of displaying a light path and enters a telescope. The diaphragm is added behind the collimator to improve the light concentration degree, so that the diameter of output light is reduced, the light is more concentrated, and light beams with large intensity and small diameter are obtained, thereby providing good conditions for generating an obvious light path for entering an optical device later.

For optimization, the circle center of the circle where the circular objective table is located and the circle where the outer arc-shaped side wall and the inner arc-shaped side wall of the semi-circular groove type transparent container are located are concentric circles. The angle of the light beam change after the light passes through the corresponding optical device to form diffraction, scattering and other phenomena can be observed through the visible light path, the angle can be directly used for solving physical quantities such as calculation of diffraction angle and the like, and the spectrometer provides convenience for experiments on the spectrometer later. If the incident light is natural light and the colloid dispersion is transparent and colored, the color of the natural light complementary to the color of the colloid is absorbed, and the color of the colloid is scattered. If the incident light is natural light and the colloidal dispersion is colorless and transparent, then the scattered light is bluish purple and the transmitted light is yellow, which are complementary, such as the scattered light and the transmitted light of the Tyndall effect experiment of the silica sol.

The novel applicable Tyndall phenomenon: in the light propagation process, when light irradiates the particles, if the particles are many times longer than the wavelength of incident light, the light is reflected; if the particles are smaller than the wavelength of the incident light, scattering of the light occurs, and light is observed as light waves that surround the particles and radiate around them, which is called scattered light or opalescence. The tyndall effect is a phenomenon of light scattering or opalescence. Since the true solution particle radius is generally no more than 1 nm, the colloidal particles are between the solute particles and the turbid solution particles in solution, with a radius of 1-100 nm. Is smaller than the wavelength of visible light (400 nm-700 nm), so that the visible light can generate obvious scattering effect when passing through the colloid. In the case of true solution, although the molecules or ions are smaller, the scattering effect of true solution on light is weak because the intensity of scattered light is significantly reduced as the volume of the scattering particles is reduced. In addition, the intensity of scattered light also increases with increasing concentration of particles in the dispersion.

If the incident laser light and the dispersion color are complementary, there may be no light path or no transmitted light (bright spots) during the day. For example, Fe (OH)₃(colloid) (blue violet laser), copper sulfate (saturation) (red laser), but if the concentration of the dispersoid is small, scattered light and transmitted light (flare) consistent with the color of the incident light may be formed even though the color of the incident light and the color of the dispersion system are complementary, as is the experimental phenomenon that a red laser pen irradiates a dilute copper sulfate solution.

If an incident laser is irradiated onto the colorless and transparent colloidal dispersion, the color of the scattered light and the color of the transmitted light are the same as the color of the laser, and if the laser is irradiated onto the colored colloidal dispersion and the color of the laser are not complementary, the color of the scattered light and the color of the transmitted light are the same as the color of the laser.

When a beam of light passes through a medium, the intensity of the light radiation observed in directions other than the incident light direction is related to the incident light wavelength (A) and the particle size (d), and Rayleigh scattering (d ≦ 0.05A) studies indicate that the intensity of the scattered light per unit volume is

As can be seen from the formula, the scattered light intensity i is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the wavelength of incident light, the shorter the wavelength is, the stronger the scattering is, the scattered light intensity is proportional to the square of the particle volume V, which shows the importance of particle size to light scattering, the scattered light intensity is proportional to the number N of particles in a unit volume, and the larger the difference between the refractive indexes (N, N2) of the dispersed phase particles and the dispersion medium is, the stronger the scattering effect is. It should be noted that if the concentration of colloidal particles is high or the colloidal particles are arranged in a relatively regular manner in the system, scattered light generated by each particle may interfere with each other, and thus the scattered light may disappear.

In order to increase the adjustment speed of the spectrometer, we must first make a preliminary adjustment from the side of the instrument, with eye observation: (1) adjusting a telescope inclination adjusting screw to enable the optical axis of the telescope to be vertical to the center of the spectrometer as much as possible; (2) adjusting the inclination adjusting screw of the collimator to ensure that the optical axis of the collimator is perpendicular to the central axis of the spectrometer as much as possible; (3) adjusting the inclination of the object carrying platform by three adjusting screws to ensure that the table top of the object carrying platform is vertical to the central axis of the spectrometer as much as possible; (4) adjusting the eyepiece, namely illuminating the view field of the telescope by using an illuminating lamp, rotating the eyepiece and adjusting the distance between the eyepiece and the reticle so that the reticle can be clearly seen; (5) rotating the platform or the telescope to reflect the light emitted from the telescope back to the telescope to form a cross-shaped image in the ocular visual field; (6) after finding the cross image, adjusting the distance between the reticle and the objective lens to ensure that the cross image is clearest and has no parallax with the reticle; (7) after the clearest cross image is obtained, the cross image is moved to coincide with the upper horizontal division line by using half regulation method, then the objective table is rotated 180 deg. to make another reflecting surface of the plane mirror read into the telescope to observe the cross image, if the position of the image is deviated from the upper horizontal division line, it is moved to coincide with the upper horizontal division line again by using "half regulation method", and said steps are repeated several times until the platform is rotated back and forth for 180 deg. and the cross image is not deviated from the upper horizontal division line.

Solving complex physical quantities: (1) solving physical quantity by utilizing the grating diffraction principle: each point on the wave front can be considered as a separate secondary source as the wave propagates; these secondary sources emit spherical secondary waves, and the wave front at a later moment is the envelope surface of these spherical secondary waves at that moment (huygens principle). (2) An ideal diffraction grating can be considered to consist of a set of equally spaced infinite long and infinite narrow slits with a spacing d between the slits, called the grating constant. When a plane wave with the wavelength of lambda is vertically incident on the grating, the point on each slit plays the role of a secondary wave source; light rays emanating from these sources propagate in all directions (i.e., spherical waves). Since the slit is infinitely long, only the situation on a plane perpendicular to the slit can be considered, i.e. the slit is simplified to a row of points on the plane. The light field in a particular direction on the plane is formed by coherently superimposing the light emerging from each slit. When interference occurs, the light exiting from each slit is partially or completely cancelled out due to the different phases at the interference point. However, when the optical path difference between the light beams emitted from two adjacent slits and reaching the interference point is an integral multiple of the wavelength of the light, the two light beams have the same phase, and an interference enhancement phenomenon occurs. Expressed by a formula, when the diffraction angle thetam satisfies the relation

An interference enhancement phenomenon occurs, where d is the slit pitch, i.e., the grating constant, and m is an integer with values of 0, ± 1, ± 2, … …. Such interference-enhanced spots are called diffraction maxima. Thus, the diffracted light will be maximized at a diffraction angle θ m, namely: 1)

(ii) a 2) The former equation is the grating equation. When a plane wave is incident at an incident angle θ i, the grating equation is written as: 3)

(ii) a 4) The device is last through the photoreceptor of device, can directly follow the angle that the computer obtained light to can make the bright spot littleer increase the precision of reading through the light-collecting sheet in front, portably the reading, and improve the precision of reading. The computer reading is more accurate than the visual reading.

By adopting the technical scheme, the light path traceable spectrometer based on the Tyndall effect has the advantages of convenience in use, shallow analysis display of the traced light path and improvement of the success rate of experiments.

Drawings

FIGS. 1-2 are a schematic perspective view and a schematic side view of an optical tracking spectrometer based on the Tyndall effect according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a side view of a second embodiment of the optical tracking spectrometer based on the Tyndall effect.

Detailed Description

In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, the light path traceable spectrometer based on the tyndall effect of the present invention is characterized in that a spectrometer light source mechanism is arranged at the upper end of a rear upright post 2 which is erected upwards from a backward extending portion of a base main body, a front upright post 3 is arranged upwards at the end portion of a cross rod 30 which extends forwards from the base main body, a telescope assembly 31 is arranged at the upper end of the front upright post 3 through an adjustable fastening member, a forward extending support rod 4 which extends forwards is fixedly arranged at the middle portion of the rear upright post 2 through the adjustable fastening member, the front end of the forward extending support rod 4 is arranged on a circular object stage 40 which is arranged above the center of the base main body and is used for arranging an optical device, or a circular object stage which is arranged above the base main body and is arranged in front of the circular object stage 40 and is used for accommodating a light-transmitting glue solution, and a semicircular annular groove type transparent container 5 with a forward convex portion. Preferably: the axis of the light beam emitted by the spectrometer light source mechanism is in the same plane or the same horizontal axis with the observation axis of the telescope component. The optical path is visible, so that the main optical axis of the telescope, the horizontal axis of the collimator and the central axis of the spectrometer can be conveniently adjusted to be horizontal, and the adjusting step is greatly simplified. The tedious and complicated spectrometer adjustment experiment is simple and interesting, and the operability of the spectrometer experiment is innovated. The spectrometer which can not be accurately controlled in the experimental process can be observed and controlled, so that the experiment can be operated. The method can improve the complex debugging steps of roughly leveling the telescope and the horizontal shaft of the collimator and the central shaft of the spectrometer by visual inspection, adjusting the telescope and the horizontal shaft of the collimator to be strictly vertical by means of a 'vertical semi-successive approximation adjustment method' by means of a double-sided mirror, effectively avoid the defect that a large amount of time is spent on debugging the instrument before the experiment begins, simplify the steps of carrying out the experiment by students, shorten the time for carrying out the experiment and improve the success rate of the experiment. The experimental phenomena of diffraction, scattering and the like are visually presented to an observer, and the measurement of the physical quantity of the diffraction angle is more convenient. The semi-circular groove type transparent container is filled with a medium which can be aerosol, tea, dry ice and the like or colloidal substances formed by aluminum hydroxide and glycerin, and the shell of the semi-circular groove type transparent container uses a customized acrylic plate or solid resin, so that an obvious Tyndall phenomenon can be generated when light beams pass through the semi-circular groove type transparent container, and a clear light path is obtained. The optical path is generated by using a specific optical device, which brings great convenience for debugging instruments, outputting experimental results and the like. The optical device arranged on the object stage becomes the center of the spectrometer. The optical element is a grating, a lens, an optical isolator or a beam splitter, and the optical device can also comprise a plane mirror and a triangular prism. The object stage can be covered with a shading device which is square, the front end of the shading device is a movable baffle which is a shading baffle, the rear end of the shading device is a transparent baffle, and the upper end face and the lower end face of the shading device are both shading baffles. The bottom of the telescope is provided with the extension cross bar, the distance between the telescope and the objective table is increased, the light path display container is free to be set in a larger size, and the large-size container enables the display of the changed light path to be clearer and more accurate. The device has the advantages of convenience in use, shallow analysis display of a tracking light path and improvement of the success rate of an experiment.

The light-transmitting glue solution in the semi-circular groove type transparent container 5 is a light-transmitting colloid solution; the circle of the outer arc-shaped side wall of the semicircular groove-shaped transparent container 5 and the circle of the inner arc-shaped side wall are concentric circles, and the perpendicular line of the center of the concentric circles passes through the center of the circular objective table 40. The center of the upper surface of the circular objective table is provided with a cross center mark. The upper opening of the semi-circular groove type transparent container 5 filled with the light-transmitting glue solution is movably provided with a transparent cover plate, or the upper opening of the semi-circular groove type transparent container 5 is fixedly provided with a transparent cover plate in a sealing way. The semi-circular groove type transparent containers 5 are a plurality of replaceable parallel containers which respectively contain different light-transmitting glue solutions.

The base body is that a base plate 10 is arranged on a base 1 with feet, round tables 11 are arranged on the base plate 10 at intervals upwards through a vertical support at the rear end, the semi-circular groove type transparent container 5 is arranged on the base plate 10, and the base part of a semi-circular concave wall at the rear side of the semi-circular groove type transparent container 5 is attached to the periphery of the front half part of the round tables 11; the front column 3 is arranged upwards at the end part of the transverse rod 30 extending forwards from the base plate 10, and the telescope assembly 31 is arranged at the upper end of the front column 3. Set up the stop gear of semicircle ring groove type hyaline container 5 on the base plate 10, semicircle ring groove type hyaline container 5 is for being used for holding different printing opacity glue solutions, and convenient a plurality of side by side of replacing. Stop gear is for setting up the semicircle ring recess that holds 5 bottoms of semicircle ring cell type transparent container on the base plate 10, also can be that set up a plurality of spacing posts side by side on the base plate, two back spacing posts are used for supporting two back extension portion end walls of semicircle ring cell type transparent container, and at least one outer spacing post is used for supporting the excircle arc wall of semicircle ring cell type transparent container. And the outer limiting column is provided with a manual pressing claw which is supported by a spring and used for elastically abutting against the excircle arc wall of the semicircular groove type transparent container.

The spectrometer light source mechanism is characterized in that a light source support is fixedly arranged at the upper end of a rear upright post 2 through an adjustable fastening piece, an LED light box 21 and a light path component extending forwards from the LED light box 21 are arranged on the light source support, and the light path component comprises a collimator 22 and a light passing slit 23 arranged at the front end. The LED lamp box is a high-brightness LED lamp box provided with a high-strength LED lamp tube. Compared with the prior high-pressure mercury lamp, the LED lamp box overcomes the defects that the prior high-pressure mercury lamp can generate high temperature and ozone when in use, has large power consumption, short service life and the like, and ensures that the spectrometer experiment is more environment-friendly and more efficient. A high-intensity LED lamp is used as a light source, and the light is emitted through a collimator with a diaphragm and then reaches an optical device, and then enters a specific container capable of displaying a light path and enters a telescope. The diaphragm is added behind the collimator to improve the light concentration degree, so that the diameter of output light is reduced, the light is more concentrated, and light beams with large intensity and small diameter are obtained, thereby providing good conditions for generating an obvious light path for entering an optical device later.

The center of the circle where the circular stage 40 is located and the circle where the outer arc-shaped side wall and the inner arc-shaped side wall of the semi-circular groove type transparent container 5 are located are concentric circles. The angle of the light beam change after the light passes through the corresponding optical device to form diffraction, scattering and other phenomena can be observed through the visible light path, the angle can be directly used for solving physical quantities such as calculation of diffraction angle and the like, and the spectrometer provides convenience for experiments on the spectrometer later. If the incident light is natural light and the colloid dispersion is transparent and colored, the color of the natural light complementary to the color of the colloid is absorbed, and the color of the colloid is scattered. If the incident light is natural light and the colloidal dispersion is colorless and transparent, then the scattered light is bluish purple and the transmitted light is yellow, which are complementary, such as the scattered light and the transmitted light of the Tyndall effect experiment of the silica sol.

Second embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the difference between the optical tracking spectrometer based on the tyndall effect and the first embodiment of the present invention is: the base body is that a base plate 10 is arranged on a base 1 with feet, round tables 11 are arranged on the base plate 10 at intervals upwards through vertical supports at the rear ends, and the semi-circular groove type transparent container 5 is arranged on the round tables 11; the upper surface of the base plate 10 is fixedly connected with a cross rod 30 extending forwards through a rotary support 32 with a rotary damper, the end part of the front cross rod 30 is upwards provided with a front upright post 3, and the upper end of the front upright post 3 is provided with a telescope assembly 31; the axis of the rotary support 32 and the center of a circle of the semi-circular groove type transparent container 5 are on the same vertical line. The deflection angles of various light rays can be observed through the imaging equipment of the telescope component, namely the deflection angles are observed through the imaging equipment, the situation that human eyes stare at an eyepiece to observe in dark conditions is improved, and the visual fatigue of a user is improved. The spectrometer visualization device can be adjusted according to different imaging devices, and is wide in applicability. The telescope component comprises a telescope and an ocular, and the telescope and the ocular form a straight line light channel.

Set up the stop gear of semicircle annular groove type transparent container 5 on the round platform 11, set up above the base plate 10 with the ring shape calibrated scale 12 of perpendicular line as the centre of a circle, the horizontal pole is in ring shape calibrated scale 12 department is provided with the vertical observation window that is used for downward observation ring shape calibrated scale 12. And a radial pointer corresponding to the scale marks of the circular ring-shaped dial is arranged in the vertical observation window, or a radial opposite scale mark matched with the scale marks of the circular ring-shaped dial is arranged on the transparent glass arranged on the observation window. The limiting mechanism is characterized in that a plurality of parallel limiting columns 13 are arranged on the circular truncated cone 11, two rear limiting columns are used for abutting against two rear extension end walls of the semicircular groove type transparent container, and at least one outer limiting column is used for abutting against an outer circular arc wall of the semicircular groove type transparent container. And the outer limiting column is preferably provided with a manual pressing claw which is supported by a spring and used for elastically propping against the excircle arc wall of the semicircular groove type transparent container. The limiting mechanism can also be a semicircular groove arranged on the substrate and used for accommodating the bottom of the semicircular groove type transparent container 5.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a spectrometer can be tracked to light path based on Tyndall effect, its characterized in that base main part is to the rear column upper end that the extension upwards stood through adjustable linking member setting spectrometer light source mechanism backward, the horizontal pole end that the base main part extends forward upwards sets up the front column, the front column upper end sets up telescope subassembly through adjustable linking member, center setting is used for establishing the objective table of optical device or rear column middle part is through adjustable linking member adorn the preceding die-pin that stretches admittedly, preceding die-pin front end setting is located the central top above the base main part and is used for establishing the objective table of optical device, set up above the base main part and be located the objective table the preceding translucent glue solution that is used for holding of objective table, the forward semicircle ring groove type hyaline container of convex part.

2. The optical traceable spectrometer based on the Tyndall effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transparent glue solution in the semi-circular groove type transparent container is a transparent colloid solution; the circle of the outer arc-shaped side wall of the semicircular groove-shaped transparent container and the circle of the inner arc-shaped side wall of the semicircular groove-shaped transparent container are concentric circles, and the perpendicular line of the center of the concentric circles passes through the center of the objective table.

3. The optical path traceable spectrometer based on the Tyndall effect as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upper opening of the semi-circular groove type transparent container filled with the transparent glue solution is movably provided with a transparent cover plate, or the upper opening of the semi-circular groove type transparent container is fixedly provided with a transparent cover plate in a sealing manner.

4. The optical traceable spectrometer based on the Tyndall effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base body is a base with feet, a base plate is arranged on the base with feet, round tables are arranged on the base plate at intervals upwards through a rear end vertical support, the semi-circular groove type transparent container is arranged on the base plate, and the base of the semi-circular groove type transparent container rear side semi-circular concave wall is attached to the periphery of the front half part of the round tables; the end part of the transverse rod extending forwards from the base plate is upwards provided with a front upright post, and the upper end of the front upright post is provided with a telescope component.

5. The optical path traceable spectrometer based on the Tyndall effect as claimed in claim 4, wherein the substrate is provided with a position-limiting mechanism of a semi-circular groove type transparent container, and the semi-circular groove type transparent container is used for containing different transparent glue solutions and is conveniently replaced by a plurality of semi-circular groove type transparent containers.

6. The optical traceable spectrometer based on the Tyndall effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base body is a base plate disposed on a base with feet, the base plate is provided with a circular truncated cone upwardly spaced by a rear end vertical support, and the semi-circular groove type transparent container is disposed on the circular truncated cone; the upper surface of the base plate is fixedly connected with a cross rod extending forwards through a rotary support with a rotary damper, the end part of the cross rod is upwards provided with a front upright post, and the upper end of the front upright post is provided with a telescope component; the axis of the rotary support and the center of a circle where the semi-circular groove type transparent container is located are on the same vertical line.

7. The optical path traceable spectrometer based on the Tyndall effect as claimed in claim 6, wherein the round platform is provided with a position-limiting mechanism of a semi-circular groove type transparent container, a circular ring dial centered on the perpendicular line is arranged on the base plate, and the cross bar is provided with a vertical observation window for downward observing the circular ring dial at the circular ring dial.

8. The optical path traceable spectrometer based on the Tyndall effect as claimed in claim 7, wherein a radial pointer corresponding to the graduation line of the circular ring-shaped dial is arranged in the vertical observation window, or a transparent glass arranged on the observation window is provided with a radial opposite graduation line matched with the graduation line of the circular ring-shaped dial.

9. The optical path traceable spectrometer based on the Tyndall effect as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the spectrometer light source mechanism is a light source support fixed on the upper end of the rear upright post through an adjustable fastening member, an LED light box and a light path component extending forward from the LED light box are arranged on the light source support, and the light path component comprises a collimator and a light slit arranged at the front end.

10. The optical traceable spectrometer of claims 1 to 8, wherein the stage is circular, and the center of the circle where the circular stage is located is concentric with the circle where the outer arc sidewall and the inner arc sidewall of the semi-circular groove type cuvette are located.