CN111933004B - Discrete spectrometer and experiment adjusting method thereof - Google Patents
Discrete spectrometer and experiment adjusting method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111933004B CN111933004B CN202010836417.7A CN202010836417A CN111933004B CN 111933004 B CN111933004 B CN 111933004B CN 202010836417 A CN202010836417 A CN 202010836417A CN 111933004 B CN111933004 B CN 111933004B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- light
- observation screen
- parallel light
- slit
- spectrometer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/22—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for optics
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
- Computational Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
- Algebra (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Educational Administration (AREA)
- Educational Technology (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a discrete spectrometer and an experimental adjustment method thereof. A parallel light convex lens is arranged on the guide rail on one side of the loading platform, a slit is arranged on the front focal plane of the parallel light convex lens, and the parallel light lens and the slit are used for generating parallel light. The guide rail of objective platform opposite side is equipped with the convex lens of formation of image on, and formation of image lens back focal plane department is equipped with the observation screen, and the observation screen center is equipped with one and leads to the light aperture, leads to light aperture top and below and respectively is carved with a cross silk to the regulation of spectrometer of being convenient for. The imaging lens and the observation screen are used for converging parallel light to form a clear image. The invention adopts the observation screen for imaging, so that the experimental result is clearly imaged in the center of the observation screen, the observation field is enlarged, the observation result is facilitated, and the eye fatigue is reduced. The discrete spectrometer utilizes guide rail and portable slider to replace the lens cone of original spectrometer, does benefit to and changes the original paper.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical experiments, and particularly relates to a discrete spectrometer and an experimental method thereof.
Background
The spectrometer is an important optical instrument, is a precise goniometer, and can reach a minimum division value of 1'. The basic optical structure of a spectrometer is the basis of a plurality of optical instruments (such as a prism spectrometer, a grating spectrometer, a spectrophotometer and a monochromator), and the spectrometer not only can cultivate the basic experiment skills of students in physical experiments, but also can cultivate the capability of the students for solving practical problems by applying theoretical knowledge, so the spectrometer is also necessary experiment in college physical experiments. For example, a series of experimental data such as the apex angle of a triangular prism, the minimum deviation angle, the refractive index of prism glass, etc. are measured.
Of the many laboratory instruments involved in college physical experiments, the adjustment and use of spectrometers is the least easily mastered by students. Because the spectrometer device structure is more complicated, need carry out complicated adjustment operation to the spectrometer before using, its difficult point mainly lies in: making the light rays to be emitted through the collimator; the telescope is focused to infinity, namely parallel; the telescope and the collimator are coaxial and are both perpendicular to the central axis of the spectrometer, and the like. And in order to obtain a correct measurement result when observing the relevant phenomenon and the measurement angle, it is necessary to ensure that the optical system (collimator and telescope) of the spectrometer is adapted to the parallel light. I.e. the optical axis of the telescope is required to be perpendicular to the main axis of the spectrometer to ensure that the viewing surface is a plane. Some students often cannot complete adjustment and measurement within a limited time, so the adjustment and use of spectrometers become a difficult point in teaching of college physical experiment classes. In addition, due to the closed structure, students cannot quickly understand the working principle of the spectrometer, so that the adjustment speed of the students is very low, the experiment progress is delayed, and meanwhile, the visual field is very small when the lens barrel of the eyepiece is used for observation, so that the eyestrain can be caused by long-time observation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve the prior spectrometer, so that the spectrometer has simpler structure, easier operation and more obvious and understandable principle, and the spectrometer is used for carrying out more optical experiments.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention comprises a guide rail, an object carrying platform, a parallel light convex lens, an imaging lens and a viewing screen. A parallel light convex lens is arranged on the guide rail on one side of the loading platform, a slit is arranged on the front focal plane of the parallel light convex lens, and the parallel light lens and the slit are used for generating parallel light.
Be equipped with the convex lens of formation of image on the guide rail of objective platform opposite side, the focal plane department is equipped with the observation screen behind the imaging lens, and the observation screen center is equipped with one and leads to the light aperture, leads to the light aperture top and below and respectively is carved with a cross silk, and wherein the cross silk light-permeable of below to in the regulation of spectrometer. The imaging lens and the observation screen are used for converging parallel light to form a clear image.
Further, the light sources used for the discrete spectrometers are sodium lamps with spectral lines including 589.0nm, 589.6nm or mercury lamps with spectral lines including 365.0nm, 404.7nm, 435.8nm, 546.1nm, 577.0nm.
Furthermore, the guide rail on one side of the object carrying platform is fixed in position, and the guide rail on the other side of the object carrying platform can rotate freely by taking the object carrying platform as the center.
Furthermore, the light-transmitting small hole of the observation screen is arranged at the center of the observation screen, the light-transmitting small hole is of a circular structure, and the diameter range of the light-transmitting small hole is 0.1mm-2mm.
Furthermore, the specification and the scale of the screen surface where the slit is located correspond to the specification and the scale of the screen surface of the observation screen, during measurement, the slit structure is a vertical rectangle and is located at the center of the screen surface where the slit is located, the center of the slit corresponds to the center of the light-transmitting small hole, and the width range of the slit is 0.1mm-1mm.
A method for adjusting a discrete spectrometer experiment specifically comprises the following steps:
the power is turned on, semiconductor laser is started, parallel light convex lens is placed between slit and objective platform, semiconductor laser and parallel light convex lens center are adjusted to set for horizontal elevation, make the laser beam pass behind the logical unthreaded hole of observation screen, perpendicular incidence's parallel light convex lens center, parallel light convex lens front and back surface can be with the light beam reflection around the logical unthreaded hole to form two faculas on the observation screen.
And then, adjusting the height and the left and right positions of the parallel light convex lens to enable the two light spots to coincide on the observation screen and form an interference pattern, namely a concentric ring, and adjusting the angle of the parallel light convex lens to enable the center of the concentric ring to coincide with the light through hole so as to realize that the optical axis of the parallel light convex lens is coaxial with the center of the small hole of the observation screen and has the same height.
The semiconductor laser is adjusted to light the light-permeable cross hair on the observation screen, the plane mirror is placed on the carrying platform, the vertical imaging lens in the normal direction of the plane mirror is adjusted, and the front and back positions of the observation screen are adjusted to enable the cross hair reflected by the plane mirror to be clear in image.
Adjusting the level of the object carrying platform, rotating the plane mirror by 180 degrees after the cross image and the cross wire are completely overlapped, adjusting the level of the object carrying platform again, completely overlapping the cross image and the cross wire, closing the semiconductor laser and completing the experiment adjustment operation of the vertical spectrometer.
And starting a light source, moving the front position and the rear position of the slit, and adjusting the slit to a proper width to enable interference fringes on the observation screen to be clear, so that a spectrometer measurement experiment can be started.
Starting a light source, moving the front position and the rear position of the slit to make the slit image on the observation screen clear, and adjusting the slit to a proper width; then adjusting the height of the slit to make the center of the slit image and the light through hole of the observation screen have the same height coaxially; the spectrometer measurement experiment can begin.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the discrete spectrometer is used, the optical path can be directly observed, the working principle is clear, and the discrete spectrometer is easy to understand. In addition, the original spectrometer is observed through the eyepiece lens barrel, the view field is narrow and small, eyestrain can be caused by long-time observation, the discrete spectrometer adopts the observation screen to image, the experimental result is clearly imaged at the center of the observation screen, the view field of observation is enlarged, the observation result is facilitated, and the eyestrain is reduced. The discrete spectrometer utilizes guide rail and portable slider to replace the lens cone of original spectrometer, does benefit to and changes the original paper, can realize other optical experiment, for example with the component change for laser light source, the polarizer, the analyzer, photoelectric detector can realize extending the polarization experiment of light on the discrete spectrometer. In addition, the method has the advantages of simple operation, clear image, obvious visual field widening, easy observation and great shortening of the spectrometer experiment adjustment time. The discrete spectrometer structure platform and the method can also be used for the experiment development of convex lens focal length measurement, light intensity distribution measurement, light polarization measurement and the like, and can be widely applied to physical teaching experiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a discrete spectrometer optical path system;
FIG. 2 is a discrete spectrometer body platform;
FIG. 3 is a slot configuration;
fig. 4 is a view screen configuration.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention replaces the collimator and ocular of the spectrometer with guide rail, movable slide block bracket and lens, and uses the observation screen to observe the image. The guide rails are respectively positioned at two ends of the object carrying platform, the light source direction guide rail is fixed and can not rotate, and the image side guide rail can freely rotate around the object carrying platform. According to the optical axis direction, the slit is positioned in front of the parallel light convex lens and is positioned at the front focus of the parallel light convex lens and used for generating parallel light, the imaging convex lens is arranged right behind the object carrying platform and used for converging the parallel light, and the observation screen is positioned at the back focal plane of the imaging convex lens and used for observing an imaging result.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention includes a light source, a guide rail, a movable slider support, a slit, a stage, a parallel light convex lens, an imaging lens, and a viewing screen. Before the discrete spectrometer is used, the centers of all elements are adjusted to be positioned at the same horizontal height, the object side of a guide rail 1 is provided with a parallel light convex lens 3, the front focal plane of the parallel light convex lens 3 is provided with a slit 2, and the parallel light lens and the slit are used for generating parallel light as shown in figure 3. The objective platform is located the collimated light lens dead astern, and the objective platform rear is equipped with formation of image convex lens 5, and 5 back focal plane departments of formation of image lens are equipped with the observation screen, and the observation screen center is equipped with one and leads to the light aperture, leads to the light aperture top and is carved with a cross and crosses, and the below is carved with a light-permeable cross, sees figure 4 to the regulation of spectrometer. The imaging lens and the observation screen are used for converging parallel light to form a clear image.
The invention uses the parallel light lens and the slit to generate parallel light to replace the parallel light pipe of the traditional spectrometer. Clear imaging and observation of phenomena are carried out by using an imaging lens and an observation screen to replace an eyepiece of a traditional spectrometer. The slit, the parallel light convex lens, the imaging lens and the observation screen are all connected with the guide rail in a sliding way on the movable sliding block support, and elements on the movable sliding block support can be replaced to realize other experiments, such as shown in figure 3. The light source used by the discrete spectrometer is a sodium lamp, and the spectral lines comprise 589.0nm and 589.6nm; mercury lamp light sources, spectral lines include 365.0nm, 404.7nm, 435.8nm, 546.1nm, 577.0nm. The object space guide rail is fixed in position, and the image space guide rail can rotate freely by taking the object platform as a center.
The experimental adjustment method comprises the following steps:
open the power, start semiconductor laser 7, place the parallel light convex lens between slit and cargo platform, adjust semiconductor laser and parallel light convex lens center to setting for the level elevation, make the laser beam pass behind the logical unthreaded hole of observation screen, perpendicular incidence's parallel light convex lens center, parallel light convex lens front and back surface can be with the light beam reflection around leading to the unthreaded hole to form two faculas on the observation screen.
And then, adjusting the height and the left and right positions of the parallel light convex lens to enable the two light spots to coincide on the observation screen and form an interference pattern, namely a concentric ring, and adjusting the angle of the parallel light convex lens to enable the center of the concentric ring to coincide with the light through hole so as to realize that the optical axis of the parallel light convex lens is coaxial with the center of the small hole of the observation screen and has the same height.
The semiconductor laser is adjusted to light the light-permeable cross hair on the observation screen, the plane mirror is placed on the carrying platform, the vertical imaging lens in the normal direction of the plane mirror is adjusted, the front and back positions of the observation screen are adjusted, and the cross hair reflected by the plane mirror to the observation screen is clear in image.
Adjusting the level of the object carrying platform, rotating the plane mirror by 180 degrees after the cross image and the cross wire are completely overlapped, adjusting the level of the object carrying platform again, completely overlapping the cross image and the cross wire, closing the semiconductor laser and completing the experiment adjustment operation of the vertical spectrometer.
Turning on a light source (a sodium/mercury lamp) to move the front and back positions of the slit, so that the slit image on the observation screen is clear, and adjusting the slit to a proper width; then adjusting the height of the slit to make the center of the slit image and the light through hole of the observation screen have the same height coaxially; the spectrometer measurement experiment can begin.
Claims (4)
1. A method for adjusting an experiment of a discrete spectrometer, wherein the discrete spectrometer comprises a guide rail, an object carrying platform, a parallel light convex lens, an imaging lens and a viewing screen;
a parallel light convex lens is arranged on the guide rail on one side of the object carrying platform, a slit is arranged on the front focal plane of the parallel light convex lens, and the parallel light lens and the slit are used for generating parallel light;
the guide rail on the other side of the object carrying platform is provided with an imaging convex lens, the rear focal plane of the imaging lens is provided with an observation screen, the center of the observation screen is provided with a light through hole, a cross wire is respectively carved above and below the light through hole, and the cross wire below the light through hole can transmit light so as to facilitate the adjustment of a spectrometer; the imaging lens and the observation screen are used for converging parallel light to form a clear image;
the guide rail on one side of the carrying platform is fixed in position, and the guide rail on the other side of the carrying platform can rotate freely by taking the carrying platform as a center;
the method is characterized in that:
turning on a power supply, starting a semiconductor laser, placing a parallel light convex lens between a slit and an object platform, adjusting the semiconductor laser and the center of the parallel light convex lens to a set horizontal elevation, and reflecting a light beam to the periphery of a light through hole by the front surface and the rear surface of the parallel light convex lens after the laser beam passes through the light through hole of the observation screen and the center of the vertically incident parallel light convex lens, and forming two light spots on the observation screen;
then, the height and the left and right positions of the parallel light convex lens are adjusted to enable the two light spots to coincide on the observation screen and form an interference pattern, namely a concentric ring, the angle of the parallel light convex lens is adjusted to enable the center of the concentric ring to coincide with the light through hole, and the optical axis of the parallel light convex lens and the center of the small hole of the observation screen are coaxial and equal in height;
adjusting the semiconductor laser to light the light-permeable cross hair on the observation screen, placing a plane mirror on the carrying platform, adjusting the normal direction of the plane mirror to be vertical to the imaging lens, and adjusting the front and rear positions of the observation screen to make the cross hair reflected by the plane mirror to the observation screen clear;
adjusting the level of the object carrying platform to enable the cross image and the cross hair to be completely superposed, then rotating the plane mirror by 180 degrees, adjusting the level of the object carrying platform again to enable the cross image and the cross hair to be completely superposed, turning off the semiconductor laser, and finishing the experiment adjustment operation of the vertical spectrometer;
starting a light source, moving the front position and the rear position of the slit, and adjusting the slit to a proper width to enable interference fringes on the observation screen to be clear, so that a spectrometer measurement experiment can be started;
starting a light source, moving the front position and the rear position of the slit to make the slit image on the observation screen clear, and adjusting the slit to a proper width; then adjusting the height of the slit to make the center of the slit image and the light through hole of the observation screen have the same height coaxially; the spectrometer measurement experiment can begin.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the light source used by the discrete spectrometer is a sodium lamp having a spectrum including 589.0nm, 589.6nm or a mercury lamp having a spectrum including 365.0nm, 404.7nm, 435.8nm, 546.1nm, 577.0nm.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the light-transmitting small hole of the observation screen is arranged at the center of the observation screen, the light-transmitting small hole is arranged in a circular structure, and the diameter range of the light-transmitting small hole is 0.1mm-2mm.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the slits are in a panel format corresponding to a viewing panel format, and wherein the slits are in the form of vertical rectangles and are located in the center of the panel, and wherein the slit center corresponds to the center of the light aperture, and wherein the slit width is in the range of 0.1mm to 1mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010836417.7A CN111933004B (en) | 2020-08-19 | 2020-08-19 | Discrete spectrometer and experiment adjusting method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010836417.7A CN111933004B (en) | 2020-08-19 | 2020-08-19 | Discrete spectrometer and experiment adjusting method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111933004A CN111933004A (en) | 2020-11-13 |
| CN111933004B true CN111933004B (en) | 2022-10-25 |
Family
ID=73304791
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010836417.7A Active CN111933004B (en) | 2020-08-19 | 2020-08-19 | Discrete spectrometer and experiment adjusting method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111933004B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201681526U (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-12-22 | 浙江天煌科技实业有限公司 | Combined type multi-functional optical experimental device |
| CN202584522U (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2012-12-05 | 浙江师范大学 | Quick adjusting spectrometer experimental apparatus |
| CN103927920A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-16 | 江南大学 | Spectrometer adjusting demonstrator |
| CN105139736A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-09 | 西安电子科技大学 | Spectrometer adjusting demonstrator |
| CN208796542U (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2019-04-26 | 运城学院 | It is a kind of for demonstrating the experiment teaching aid of diffraction and interference phenomenon |
| CN212750159U (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-03-19 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Discrete spectrometer |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN200990163Y (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-12-12 | 四川大学 | Michaelson interferometer incident light guider |
| CN101055677A (en) * | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-17 | 四川大学 | Michelson interferometer reflection observing screen |
| JP5673376B2 (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2015-02-18 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Spectroscopic optical adjustment method and adjustment jig |
| CN107798975A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-13 | 西安中科微精光子制造科技有限公司 | A kind of cage type multifunctional Experiments of Optics equipment, system based on reflective spatial light modulator |
-
2020
- 2020-08-19 CN CN202010836417.7A patent/CN111933004B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201681526U (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-12-22 | 浙江天煌科技实业有限公司 | Combined type multi-functional optical experimental device |
| CN202584522U (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2012-12-05 | 浙江师范大学 | Quick adjusting spectrometer experimental apparatus |
| CN103927920A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-16 | 江南大学 | Spectrometer adjusting demonstrator |
| CN105139736A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-09 | 西安电子科技大学 | Spectrometer adjusting demonstrator |
| CN208796542U (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2019-04-26 | 运城学院 | It is a kind of for demonstrating the experiment teaching aid of diffraction and interference phenomenon |
| CN212750159U (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-03-19 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Discrete spectrometer |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 分光计的激光辅助调整装置;罗利霞;《电子测试》;20140514;第104-105页 * |
| 分光计调节和测量方法的研究;张雷明等;《中国石油大学胜利学院学报》;20180915;第32卷(第03期);第48-51页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111933004A (en) | 2020-11-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Wright | A trichromatic colorimeter with spectral primaries | |
| CN108007677B (en) | Laser projection speckle measurement system | |
| CN104515748A (en) | Terahertz time-domain spectrograph based on femtosecond laser | |
| US3437395A (en) | Optical system for inverted microscope | |
| CN212750159U (en) | Discrete spectrometer | |
| CN111933004B (en) | Discrete spectrometer and experiment adjusting method thereof | |
| US1164795A (en) | Lens-examining instrument. | |
| CN204390574U (en) | Based on the spectrometer of CCD imaging | |
| Quesnel | Chapter I Microscopy and Micrometry | |
| CN217588294U (en) | Comprehensive experimental device for grating diffraction and biprism interference | |
| CN212484713U (en) | Ultraviolet visible spectrometer | |
| CN209962524U (en) | Basic optical comprehensive teaching experimental instrument | |
| CN104346985B (en) | Multifunctional digital spectral interference instrument | |
| CN104316181B (en) | Adjusting method for vacuum ultraviolet plane grating dispersion spectrograph | |
| CN210181897U (en) | Gas spectrum teaching demonstration instrument | |
| CN215374222U (en) | Light path traceable spectrometer based on Tyndall effect | |
| US3162713A (en) | Interference microscope | |
| CN1124473C (en) | Method of utilizing digital interferometer to regulate vacuum ultraviolet interference spectrometer | |
| US2330694A (en) | Spectrometer | |
| TWI802878B (en) | Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy Using Liquid Crystal Salvatore | |
| US1849607A (en) | Apparatus for the comparison and measurement of luminosity | |
| US3626828A (en) | Stereo photomicrography system | |
| CN204315150U (en) | Compact digital spectral interference instrument | |
| Treanor | High-Resolution Interferometry of the Solar Spectrum | |
| CN109297888A (en) | A kind of white light real-time cell volume precision measuring instrument |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |