Heart auxiliary device in blood vessel
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of interventional medical instruments, in particular to an intravascular heart assist device.
Background
Heart failure is primarily characterized by failure of the heart to function adequately, resulting in failure of blood to drain from the veins and failure of adequate blood to be obtained from the arteries, thereby causing a cardiac circulatory disorder syndrome. Left heart failure is generally more common. In the existing traditional heart failure treatment, the medicine is mainly used in the early and middle stages, and the heart transplantation is adopted as the effective treatment in the final stage, but the heart transplantation is the only treatment way for severe heart failure patients. However, heart transplantation needs to be greater than supplies and patients often suffer from lengthy waiting periods. Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) has therefore emerged as a transitional treatment modality. Conventionally, a blood pump is implanted outside the apex of the heart through a surgical thoracotomy, and blood paths on two sides of the blood pump respectively enter the left ventricle through the apex of the heart and enter the blood vessel through the aorta, so that a path for pumping the blood in the left ventricle into the aorta is realized. The control unit is arranged outside the body and worn by a patient, and the control pipeline is connected with the blood pump through the skin. The service life can last at least 2 years. Heart failure may also occur as a complication or acute symptom, and there are common cases: (1) high-risk coronary disease patients need to receive Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), such patients often have heart failure, and meanwhile, myocardial ischemia or arrhythmia may occur during the treatment process, so that the patients are difficult to tolerate, and the risk of malignant hemodynamics exists, so that the heart chamber, especially the left chamber, needs to be restored by a heart auxiliary device during the treatment process; (2) cardiogenic shock is a very advanced manifestation of heart failure, with severe heart failure causing acute peripheral circulatory failure. This sudden illness also requires a quick and efficient heart assist device to help the patient restore ventricular function and relieve symptoms. These two types of patients do not have an excessively long usage time for the ventricular assist device, and are only used as an adjuvant therapy, and the traditional LVAD operation mode and the larger size are not suitable. A rapid, efficient, safe, small and easy-to-operate percutaneous left ventricle auxiliary device is produced.
At present, a main percutaneous catheter ventricular assist device is an Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), which is punctured through a femoral artery, a catheter with a balloon is placed in the aorta, and the balloon is inflated, expanded and emptied correspondingly according to a cardiac cycle to realize an auxiliary blood pumping function. However, when the device is used, the heart rhythm synchronization is needed, and medicines with positive inotropic action on the heart are supplemented, the myocardial contractility is enhanced, and the cardiac output is improved, so the complexity and the limitation of the IABP clinical operation are increased, especially for patients with serious cardiac function deficiency, the IABP cannot provide an effective treatment environment, and meanwhile, the introduction of the air bag increases the operation risk.
In view of the above, there is an urgent need to improve the conventional ventricular assist device and provide a cardiac assist device suitable for patients with severe cardiac dysfunction.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses an intravascular heart assist device, which is used for solving the problem that an IABP (artificial intelligence BP) technology in the prior art cannot be suitable for patients with serious heart function deficiency and further solving the problem that an implanted assist device is too long.
In order to solve the problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
provided is an intravascular heart assist device, comprising:
a driving part including a motor and a motor case disposed outside the motor;
a body part including an inflow chamber, a sleeve, an outflow chamber, and an impeller, the inflow chamber being connected with the sleeve, the sleeve being connected with the outflow chamber, the outflow chamber being connected with the driving part;
the impeller is disposed within the cannula and/or the outflow chamber;
the impeller comprises an impeller shaft and at least two blades arranged on the periphery of the impeller shaft, the blades are arranged at intervals on the periphery of the impeller shaft, the blades are approximately spiral, and the blades extend from the inflow end to the outflow end of the impeller shaft; one side of the outflow end of the impeller shaft is directly connected with the output shaft of the motor.
In the above scheme, the inflow end of the impeller shaft is a spherical structure, and the impeller shaft is a three-dimensional structure with a diameter increasing from the inflow end to the outflow end and in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the impeller shaft.
In the scheme, the length of the impeller shaft is 5-7 mm, the diameter of the impeller shaft is 1.5-4 mm, and the inflow angle between the blade and the impeller shaft is 10-30 DEG
In the scheme, the length of the impeller shaft is 7-10 mm, the diameter of the impeller shaft is 1.5-4 mm, and the inflow angle between the blade and the impeller shaft is 20-40 degrees.
In the above scheme, the method further comprises: and the controller is in signal connection with the motor and is used for controlling the speed of the motor for driving the impeller.
In the above aspect, the outflow chamber includes a plurality of outflow chamber brackets, and the outflow chamber brackets are connected to the motor case.
In the above aspect, the outflow housing holder is substantially helical.
In the above aspect, the body portion further includes:
one end of the pump stator is connected with the motor box, the other end of the pump stator is arranged close to the impeller shaft, and the pump stator is arranged in the outflow chamber;
the periphery of pump stator sets up at least three stator, the stator is attached the inboard of outflow room support.
In the scheme, the inflow angle between the guide vane and the pump stator is 30-50 degrees.
In the above scheme, the method further comprises: an extension pipe connected with the inflow chamber.
In the above scheme, the method further comprises: the guide pipe is connected with the motor, and a circuit line used for being electrically connected with the motor is arranged in the guide pipe.
In the above scheme, at least one developing ring is arranged on the periphery of the sleeve in a pressing and holding mode.
In the above aspect, the outer diameter of the catheter is not greater than 7 mm.
In the above solution, the combined length of the impeller and the outflow chamber does not exceed 15mm, and the length of the motor does not exceed 25 mm.
In the above scheme, the blades are arranged in three pieces.
In the scheme, the rotating speed of the impeller shaft is 30000-50000 r/min.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model can achieve the following beneficial effects:
through the structural design of drive division and body part, the motor is as drive element drive blood flow, and is unrestricted to patient's heart function own, and the serious patient of heart function disappearance also can use, has solved the problem that IABP can't be applicable to the serious patient of heart function disappearance among the prior art, and application scope is wide, has reduced the operation risk. And further, the motor is directly connected with the impeller shaft, a built-in transmission device is not needed, the motor can stably control the impeller shaft, the designed rotating speed of the motor can be directly transmitted to the impeller shaft, the high-speed rotation is ensured without energy loss, the length of the auxiliary device is shortened, the size is reduced, the operation is convenient, and the adaptability is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below to form a part of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments and the description thereof illustrate the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an intravascular heart assist device disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of the intravascular heart assist device disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an inflow chamber of an intravascular cardiac assist device disclosed in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the impeller and motor connection of the endovascular heart assist device disclosed in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the impeller and motor connection of the intravascular heart assist device disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a perspective view of an impeller of the intravascular heart assist device disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the impeller of the endovascular heart assist device disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another preferred embodiment of the impeller of the endovascular heart assist device disclosed in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a front view of another preferred embodiment of the impeller of the endovascular heart assist device disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the impeller and motor connection of the endovascular heart assist device disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a front view of the impeller and motor connection of the endovascular heart assist device disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a perspective view of the impeller of the endovascular heart assist device disclosed in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a front view of the impeller of the endovascular heart assist device disclosed in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
The following reference signs are specifically included:
a motor-10; impeller-20; an outflow chamber-30; a sleeve-40; an inflow chamber-50; an extension tube-60; a conduit-70; an impeller shaft-21; a blade-22; a pump stator-23; a guide vane-24; an effluent chamber support-31; a developing ring 41; blood inlet-51.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the utility model, and not restrictive of the full scope of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the intravascular heart assist device provided by the utility model comprises a driving part, a driving part and a control part, wherein the driving part comprises a motor 10 and a motor box arranged outside the motor 10; the main body part includes an inflow chamber 50, a sleeve 40, an outflow chamber 30, and an impeller 20, the inflow chamber 50 is connected to the sleeve 40, the sleeve 40 is connected to the outflow chamber 30, and the outflow chamber 30 is connected to the driving part.
The impeller 20 is disposed within the sleeve 40 and/or the outflow chamber 30. The impeller 20 comprises an impeller shaft 21 and at least two blades 22 arranged on the periphery of the impeller shaft 21, the blades 22 are arranged at intervals on the periphery of the impeller shaft 21, the blades 22 are approximately spiral, and the blades 22 extend from the inflow end to the outflow end of the impeller shaft 21; the outflow end side of the impeller shaft 21 is directly connected to the output shaft of the motor 10.
Through the structural design of the driving part and the body part, the motor 10 is used as a driving element to drive blood to flow, the function of the heart of a patient is not limited, the patient with serious heart function loss can use the motor, and the problem that the IABP in the prior art cannot be suitable for the patient with serious heart function loss is solved. Further motor 10 and impeller shaft 21 lug connection need not built-in transmission, have guaranteed that motor 10 can stable control impeller shaft 21, and the design rotational speed of motor 10 can directly be conducted to impeller shaft 21 moreover, guarantee that high-speed rotation does not have the energy loss to make auxiliary device length shorten, the volume reduces, makes things convenient for the operation, has improved the adaptability.
In the present embodiment, the inflow end of the impeller shaft 21 is preferably a spherical structure, and the impeller shaft 21 is a three-dimensional structure in which the diameter of the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the impeller shaft 21 increases from the inflow end to the outflow end.
Referring to fig. 6 to 9, it is preferable that the number of the blades 22 is 2 or 3, the length of the impeller shaft 21 is 5mm to 7mm, the diameter thereof is 1.5mm to 4mm, and the inflow angle between the blades 22 and the impeller shaft 21 is 10 to 30 °.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the vanes 22 are 3 pieces. The design of the inflow angle between the blades 22 and the impeller shaft 21 can effectively reduce the phenomena of rotational flow, mixed flow and hemolysis inevitably generated when the impeller 20 pumps blood, and ensure the axial kinetic energy with the best effect of pumping blood. Since the number of blades 22 is approximately proportional to the amount of energy that the impeller shaft 21 can provide to the blood flow, providing three blades 22 provides better pumping.
In the present embodiment, the inflow chamber 50 is preferably fixed to the sleeve 40, and the outflow chamber 30 is preferably fixed to the driving unit.
The device provided by the utility model also comprises: and the controller is in signal connection with the motor 10 and is used for controlling the speed of the motor 10 for driving the impeller 20.
The outflow chamber 30 includes a plurality of outflow chamber holders 31, and the outflow chamber holders 31 are connected to the motor case. In the present embodiment, the connection is preferably made by welding, the effusion cell holder 31 is formed by laser cutting, and the effusion cell holder 31 is substantially spiral-shaped. The outflow chamber holder 31 is designed to conform to the outflow direction of blood.
The body portion further includes: one end of the pump stator 23 is connected with the motor box, the other end of the pump stator 23 is arranged close to the impeller shaft 21, and the pump stator 23 is arranged inside the outflow chamber 30; at least one guide vane 24 is arranged on the periphery of the pump stator 23, and the guide vane 24 is attached to the inner side of the outflow chamber bracket 31. Preferably, the outflow housing holder 31 conforms completely to the shape of the guide vane 24. The fluid design of the outflow chamber 30 and the pump stator 23 is not affected by the ease of assembly, and the rotational energy of the blood flow pumped out of the outflow chamber 30 is further converted into axial kinetic energy, and the blood is made to flow along the motor housing, somewhat reducing the temperature at the surface of the high speed motor 10. The length of the pump stator 23 can be properly shortened, so that the whole size is smaller, and the requirement of clinical intervention through blood vessels with different inner diameters is met.
In the embodiment, the inflow angle between the guide vane 24 and the pump stator 23 is preferably 30-50 °, so that the axial kinetic energy with the best blood pumping effect is ensured.
The device provided by the utility model also comprises: the extension pipe 60 is connected to the inflow chamber 50, and preferably, the extension pipe 60 is fixed to the inflow chamber 50. A conduit 70 connected to the motor 10, preferably, the conduit 70 is fixed to the motor 10, and a circuit line is provided in the conduit 70 for electrically connecting to the motor 10.
At least one developing ring 41 is press-fitted to the outer periphery of the sleeve 40. In operation, the position of the sleeve 40 is determined by observing the developer ring 41.
The inflow chamber 50 is further provided with at least one blood inlet 51, the blood inlet 51 is formed by laser cutting, and blood enters the sleeve 40 from the blood inlet 51.
In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the outer diameter of the duct 70 is not more than 7mm, the combined length of the impeller 20 and the outflow chamber 30 (the total length from the tip on the inflow end side of the impeller 20 to the tip on the outflow end side of the outflow chamber 30) is not more than 15mm, and the length of the motor 10 is not more than 25 mm. The whole volume is small, the operation is convenient, and the application range is wide.
The rotating speed of the impeller shaft 21 is 30000-50000 r/min, and the rotating speed of the impeller shaft 21 is 40000r/min in the embodiment.
In the utility model, the using method of the intravascular heart assist device comprises the following steps:
the elongated tube 60, the inflow chamber 50, the cannula 40 are positioned through the aortic valve into the left ventricle through the catheter 70, and the impeller 20, the outflow chamber 30, the motor 10 are positioned in the ascending aorta. The circuit lines controlling the motor 10 are in signal connection with an extracorporeal controller along the conduit 70 within the lumen of the conduit 70. The motor 10 drives the impeller shaft 21 to rotate at a high speed in blood, and positive and negative pressures are generated on both surfaces of the blades 22, respectively. The negative pressure has a flow suction effect, the positive pressure has a flow discharge effect, the blood is pushed to flow axially under the combined action, enters from the blood inlet 51 of the inflow chamber 50, passes through the sleeve 40, is discharged from the outflow chamber 30, and is continuously pumped, so that the average arterial pressure is 60-80 mmHg, and the pumping flow is not lower than 3L/min.
Practice ofExample 2
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, unlike embodiment 1, the present embodiment does not include a pump stator, thereby simplifying the overall structure, reducing the contact area between blood and foreign matter, and reducing the probability of thrombus formation. In a preferred embodiment of this example 2, the impeller 20 may be partially disposed within the sleeve 40 and another portion located within the outflow chamber 30. Preferably, only a small portion of the impeller 20 is located within the outflow chamber 30.
As a preferable mode, in example 2, a part of the driving portion, that is, a partial region of the motor case in the vicinity of the motor output shaft, protrudes into the outflow chamber 30. This preferred solution provides a very compact structure, enabling the auxiliary device to provide a shorter overall length.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, unlike example 1, in this example, the impeller shaft 21 has a length of 7mm to 10mm and a diameter of 1.5mm to 4mm, and preferably, the impeller shaft 21 has a length of 2 mm to 4mm longer than the impeller shaft 21 of example 1, and in a preferred embodiment, the impeller shaft 21 has a length of 3mm longer than the impeller shaft 21 of example 1.
In the present embodiment, the number of the blades 22 is preferably 3, and the inflow angle of the blades 22 to the impeller shaft 21 is preferably 20 to 40 °.
By adjusting the shape and size of the impeller shaft 21 and the rotating curved surface of the blades 22, the flow of blood along the impeller shaft 21 and the shear stress of the blades 22 are improved, and the compatibility of blood pumping efficiency and blood compatibility is realized.
According to the utility model, through the structural design of the driving part and the body part, the motor is used as a driving element to drive blood to flow, so that the function of the heart of a patient is not limited, the patient with serious heart function loss can use the motor, the problem that the IABP in the prior art cannot be suitable for the patient with serious heart function loss is solved, the application range is wide, and the operation risk is reduced. And further, the motor is directly connected with the impeller shaft, a built-in transmission device is not needed, the motor can stably control the impeller shaft, the designed rotating speed of the motor can be directly transmitted to the impeller shaft, the high-speed rotation is ensured without energy loss, the length of the auxiliary device is shortened, the size is reduced, the operation is convenient, and the adaptability is improved.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined in the appended claims.