CN215301830U

CN215301830U - Thin film full-open type arch-shaped thin film greenhouse unit and greenhouse thereof

Info

Publication number: CN215301830U
Application number: CN202120257628.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵茂香; 王磊; 马超; 张才喜; 王世平; 纠松涛
Original assignee: Shanghai Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Shanghai Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2021-01-29
Filing date: 2021-01-29
Publication date: 2021-12-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a film full open type arch film greenhouse unit and its greenhouse, including: an arc-shaped arch stem; the film winding device comprises a traction rope, a film winding, a guide rail, a film winding pull rod and a film. Under the conditions of not changing the physical structure of the existing greenhouse, not increasing too much cost, not causing a complicated structure and not causing too much maintenance, the width of the skylight can be freely opened according to the temperature requirement of the greenhouse, and even all the greenhouse film can be rolled to the vault in a sunny day in summer, so that high-temperature hazard is not caused, and the illumination condition of crops in the greenhouse can be improved. Meanwhile, the service life of the film can be prolonged, the land utilization rate can be improved, typhoon, strong wind and strong snow hazards can be resisted, and secondary salinization hazards can be reduced.

Description

Thin film full-open type arch-shaped thin film greenhouse unit and greenhouse thereof

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of modern agricultural facilities, in particular to a film fully-opened arch-shaped film greenhouse unit and a greenhouse thereof.

Background

The plastic greenhouse is an agricultural production facility with the fastest global increase speed and the largest area, has multiple functions of heat preservation, rain sheltering and the like, plays an active role in the aspects of increasing the yield, improving the quality, adjusting the production period and the like, and is a development direction of modern agriculture. However, there are 3 drawbacks: 1) the temperature is too high in summer, the temperature is difficult to reduce, and adverse effects are brought to the growth of crops; 2) the light transmittance is reduced due to the aging of the plastic film and the adhesion of dust, the growth and development of plants are influenced, and the yield and the quality are influenced; 3) in order to improve the ventilation effect, the area of the plastic greenhouse is controlled to be 2000m²In the following, ventilation space needs to be reserved between greenhouses, the land utilization rate is 76% -86%, and in some large agricultural parks, the utilization rate is even lower, so that limited high-quality land resources are wasted.

In the existing multi-span arch-shaped plastic greenhouse, a skylight is generally arranged below the side, close to a gutter, of an arch crown for ventilation, a film rolling device is adopted to drive a rolled film to be dried and rolled to form a ventilation skylight, and a plastic film is unfolded by means of the gravity of the rolled film for drying when the film is unfolded. However, the vault of the existing greenhouse is gentle, and the plastic film cannot be unfolded by utilizing gravity after the rolled film reaches the vault. Therefore, the skylight opening can only be arranged at the position, close to the upper edge of the gutter, of the lower side of the vault, and the slope is relatively steep, the skylight plastic film can be unfolded by means of gravity, the width is generally between 1.0 and 1.5m, and the cooling effect is extremely limited. Although a wet curtain, a sunshade net and the like can be arranged to reduce the temperature, the cost is increased, the illumination intensity is reduced and the like, so that the application is limited.

The utility model aims to freely open the width of a skylight according to the temperature requirement of the greenhouse without changing the physical structure of the existing greenhouse, increasing too much cost, causing a complicated structure and not causing too much maintenance, and even completely roll a greenhouse film to a vault in a sunny day in summer, thereby not only causing no high-temperature hazard, but also improving the illumination condition of crops in the greenhouse.

The utility model changes various types of film greenhouses into full-open type film greenhouses, and has the following advantages: 1) high-temperature summer ventilation and light transmission are good: in the weather of wind and rain in low-temperature seasons and high-temperature summer, the greenhouse is sealed, the heat preservation and rain sheltering are the same as those of the existing greenhouse, but in the weather of no wind and no rain in high-temperature summer, the film is rolled to the roof of the greenhouse, the film is almost not shielded in the greenhouse, the illumination condition is almost the same as that of open field cultivation, the influence of overhigh temperature on the growth and development of crops is avoided, and the photosynthetic production capacity of the crops in the greenhouse can be improved; 2) prolonging the service life of the film: the film is completely rolled up to the roof, so that the light aging and dust contamination of the film can be slowed down, and the service life of the film is prolonged; 3) the land utilization rate is improved: the film can be rolled completely, so that the problem of insufficient cooling is avoided, the greenhouse area can be covered completely according to the size of the land area, and the land utilization efficiency can be improved; 4) resistance to typhoon, gale and snow hazards: the film is fully rolled to the roof before typhoon or strong wind, high wind and snow, so that the film and a greenhouse structure can be effectively prevented from being blown and damaged by the strong wind or being crushed by the strong snow, and the wind damage and the snow damage are reduced. When strong snowfall occurs in winter, the film is fully rolled to the roof and snowfalls into the greenhouse, so that the greenhouse can be effectively prevented from being collapsed by snow; 5) reducing secondary salinization harm: in leisure seasons, the film is completely rolled to the shed roof, rainwater enters the shed, salt on the surface layer of eluviated soil reaches the deep layer, and secondary salinization of the soil in the greenhouse is reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a film full-open type arch film greenhouse unit which has the advantages of good ventilation and light transmission, high land utilization rate and capability of prolonging the service life of a film.

In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a membrane full open type arch type thin film greenhouse unit, comprising:

an arc-shaped arch stem;

the two ends of the traction rope (M) are respectively fixed on the traction rope connecting parts at the bottom ends of the two sides of the arc-shaped arch trunk and are arranged along the arch trunk;

the film rolling device (B) is arranged on the outer side of the arched stem and is dynamically connected with the traction rope so as to move along the arched stem between the traction rope and the arched stem;

the guide rail (C) is positioned on the arch stem surface;

a film rolling pull rod (A), which is perpendicular to the arched rod and is fixed on the film rolling device, and can be driven by the film rolling device to move relative to the guide rail;

the film covers the arched stem.

In another preferred embodiment, the guide rail and the arched stem are integrated.

In another preferred example, the hauling rope (M) is a steel wire rope.

In another preferred embodiment, the film is a plastic film.

In another preferred example, the greenhouse unit comprises a first film rolling device and a second film rolling device; the first film rolling device and the second film rolling device are respectively arranged at two ends of the outer side of the arched stem and are dynamically connected with the traction rope, so that the first film rolling device and the second film rolling device can move along the arched stem between the traction rope and the arched stem.

In another preferred example, the first film winder and the second film winder are respectively fixed at two ends of the traction rope.

In another preferred embodiment, the greenhouse unit comprises a first film rolling draw bar and a second film rolling draw bar.

In another preferred example, the first film rolling pull rod is fixed on the first film rolling device; and the second film rolling pull rod is fixed on the second film rolling device.

In another preferred example, the first film winding pull rod and the second film winding pull rod run in opposite directions.

In another preferred example, the arc-shaped arched rod is fixed on the support frame.

In another preferred embodiment, the connecting part of the arc-shaped arched rod and the support frame is further provided with a gutter, and the traction rope is fixed on a fixing part at the bottom of the gutter.

In another preferred embodiment, the fixing part is selected from the group consisting of: a hook, a hanging ring and a clamping part.

In another preferred embodiment, the arc-shaped arched beam is fixed on the ground.

In another preferred embodiment, the arc-shaped arch is fixed on the wall of the gutter.

In another preferred embodiment, the film winder (B) includes:

a gear (K), through which the film winding pull rod (A) passes and is locked so as to be fixed to the film winder;

a chain (L);

a fixing plate (G);

a guide wheel (D);

a traction wheel (E), wherein the traction rope is movably wound on the traction wheel (E) so as to be dynamically connected with the film rolling device;

the transmission rod (Q) is connected with the traction wheel (E) through a gear (K);

a support bar (H);

and the motor (J) is connected with the gear (K) through a chain (L) and drives the traction wheel to rotate, so that the film rolling pull rod is driven to rotate.

In another preferred example, when the motor rotates in the positive direction, the traction wheel and the film winding pull rod are driven to rotate in the positive direction, so that the film is driven to be wound; and is

When the motor rotates reversely, the traction wheel and the film rolling pull rod are driven to rotate reversely, so that the film is driven to be unfolded.

In another preferred embodiment, the fixing plate is preferably a metal plate, and more preferably a steel plate.

In another preferred embodiment, the guide wheel (D) is a plurality, preferably an even number, more preferably 4.

In another preferred embodiment, said traction wheels (E) are in plurality, preferably in an even number, more preferably in 2.

In another preferred embodiment, the support rods (H) are multiple, preferably even, more preferably 6.

In another preferred embodiment, the number of the gears (K) is multiple, preferably 3.

In another preferred embodiment, the greenhouse unit comprises:

a fixation membrane region, said fixation membrane region comprising:

an arc-shaped arch stem;

a film covering the arc-shaped arched beam; and

a film fixing device; and

a movable membrane region, said movable membrane region comprising:

an arc-shaped arch stem;

a film rolling pull rod;

the bottom end of the film is fixed on the film rolling pull rod.

In another preferred embodiment, said fixed membrane region and said movable membrane region are spaced apart.

In another preferred example, the fixed film area is an area (FM) composed of 4 adjacent arched stems, and the film rolling device (B) is positioned in the middle of the fixed film area.

In another preferred embodiment, the film fixing device is a film pressing groove.

In another preferred embodiment, the lamination groove is provided with a lamination spring, so that the film is locked.

In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an arch-type thin film greenhouse, wherein the greenhouse comprises a plurality of greenhouse units as described in the first aspect.

It is to be understood that within the scope of the present invention, the above-described features of the present invention and those specifically described below (e.g., in the examples) may be combined with each other to form new or preferred embodiments. Not to be reiterated herein, but to the extent of space.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fully open type thin film greenhouse.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the film winding mechanism (B) of the fully open type film greenhouse.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the film winding mechanism (B).

A-a roll-dry assembly; b-a film winding mechanism; c (C1, C2) -guide rails (corbels); d (D1, D2, D3, D4) -guide wheel; e (E1, E2) -traction wheels; m (M1, M2) -pull cord; g-a metal plate; q-drive link; h (H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6) -traction wheel support bar; a J-motor; k (K1, K2, K3) -gears; an L-chain; MM-membrane mobile region; FM-stationary membrane region; a. b, c, covering 3 fixed film areas formed by plastic films after 4 arch trunks in the middle of the greenhouse are provided with clamping grooves, wherein the area b is a moving area of the film rolling mechanism; TG-gutter.

Detailed Description

The inventor of the utility model has studied intensively for a long time to develop a fully-opened type film greenhouse which has good ventilation and light transmission, high land utilization rate and can prolong the service life of the film. On this basis, the inventors have completed the present invention.

Full-open type film greenhouse

On the premise of completely keeping the original multi-span plastic greenhouse structure unchanged, 4 arched trunks in the middle of the greenhouse are provided with film pressing grooves and fixed plastic films, and the fixed plastic film covering areas are divided into areas a, b and c by the 4 arched trunks. The fixed plastic film coverage area divides the plastic greenhouse into south and north 2 movable plastic film coverage areas. Plastic films are loaded on two sides of the film rolling pull rod (A), and the width of the plastic films on the two sides can cover about 80% of a region a and a region c of the middle fixed film coating region (shown in figures 1 and 2) in an overlapping mode.

1) The key component of the full-open plastic greenhouse is a film rolling device (B), wherein the film rolling device (B) consists of a 4mm thick steel plate (G), 4 film rolling device guide wheels (D1, D2, D3 and D4), 2 film rolling device movable traction wheels (E1 and E2), 1 transmission rod (Q) for driving the traction wheels, 6 traction wheel support rods (H1, H2, H3, H4, H5 and H6), a motor (J), a gear combination (K1, K2 and K3) and a chain (L) (figure 3).

2) The middle 2 arch trunks of the middle fixed film of the greenhouse are used as guide rails (C1, C2), and a film rolling device (B) is installed to enable 4 guide wheels (D1, D2, D3 and D4) to be tightly attached to the guide rails (C1 and C2) (figure 2).

3) 2 movable traction wheels (E1, E2) of the film rolling device (B) are provided

The steel wire ropes (M1, M2) are used as hauling ropes. One end of each hauling rope (M1, M2) passes through the vault after winding around the movable hauling wheel for 2-3 weeks, and the two ends of each hauling rope (M1, M2) are respectively connected with the hooks of the gutter at the two sides. The steel wire rope is tensioned to the maximum, and guide wheels (D1, D2, D3 and D4) on two sides of the film winder (B) are tightly attached to guide rails (C1 and C2) (figure 3).

4) The film rolling pull rod (A) penetrates through a K1 gear of a gear combination, a motor (J) is connected with K1, K2 and K3 gears of the gear combination through a chain (L), a transmission rod (Q) is connected with traction wheels (E1 and E2) through gears, the film rolling pull rod (A) and the traction wheels (E1 and E2) are driven by the motor (J) to rotate, and the film rolling pull rod (A) moves up and down under the action of a plastic film and traction ropes (M1 and M2) to roll or unwind the plastic film.

5) Film winders (B) (figure 3) are arranged at two ends of the two steel wire ropes (M1 and M2) to wind or unwind the plastic films at two sides of the vault.

The utility model will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality", and "a plurality" mean two or more unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

A5-span standard 8432 greenhouse (a single span is 40m long and 8m long), the internal area of the greenhouse is 1600m². The greenhouse is constructed according to the conventional greenhouse specification, and the distance between arch trunks is 1.33 meters. The conventional greenhouse can be changed into a fully-opened plastic greenhouse by adding the following engineering steps:

1) and moving the film pressing grooves of the skylight on the two sides of the gutter close to the original arched shed upwards to a position 50cm away from the arch crown.

2) From north to south, the 1 st-2 nd, 14 th-17 th and 30 th-31 th arch stems are all provided with a film pressing groove and a plastic film to form 3 covering fixed plastic film areas. Each vault is similarly additionally engineered.

3) And 2 hooks are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the gutter right below the two sides of the 15 th arch trunk and the 16 th arch trunk. Each vault is similarly additionally engineered.

4) The 15 th and 16 th arch trunks are used as guide rails (C1, C2), 10 sets (2 sets per span) of film rolling devices (B) assembled according to the figure 2 are respectively installed between the 15 th arch trunk and the 16 th arch trunk of each span of a 5-span greenhouse, 2 guide wheels on the same side of each two sets are respectively inosculated with the two guide rails (15 th and 16 th arch trunks), 10 steel wire ropes with the length of 4mm are used as traction ropes, 2 traction ropes are installed per span, and two ends of each traction rope are fixed on a hook at the bottom of a gutter after respectively penetrating through the traction wheels (wound by 2 circles) of the two film rolling devices. The traction rope is tensioned to enable the guide wheel of the film rolling device to be tightly attached to the guide rail.

5) The thickness of the wall is 3mm,

And (3) rolling and drawing dry (A) the galvanized steel pipes with the length of 40 meters, wherein each span comprises 2 steel pipes and the total number of the steel pipes is 10. Each film winding and drawing rod passes through a gear 1(K1) of the film winding device and is fixedly locked with the gear 1(K1) after being aligned with the 1 st arch rod and the 31 th arch rod.

6) Two plastic films (the width of the north side is 10cm less than the length of the 1 st-15 th arch stem, and the width of the south side is 10cm less than the length of the 16 th-31 th arch stem) are taken and respectively covered on the north side and the south side of the fixed film area through the arch cover. And (3) a film pressing spring is additionally arranged in a film pressing groove 50cm below the arch crown to lock the shed film so as to prevent the shed film from moving. The lower ends of the films are respectively fixed and locked with the film roll pulling device.

7) The film rolling and drying device is driven by the forward rotation of the motor to roll up the film and the traction wheel to roll up the plastic film in the forward rotation mode, and the film rolling and drying device is driven by the reverse rotation of the motor to reversely rotate the traction wheel to unwind the plastic film.

Example 2

One shed inner area 160000m²The greenhouse (south-north span direction, south-north length 400m, south-north bay 4m, supply 100 bays, arch trunk spacing 1.33 m, east-west length 400m, east-west single arch span 8m, total 50 spans) is built according to the conventional greenhouse specification, and the following projects are added:

1) and moving the skylight film pressing groove of each vault upwards to a position 50cm away from the vault.

2) From north to south, film pressing grooves and plastic films are arranged in the 1-2, 14-17, 30-31, 44-47, 60-61, 74-77, 90-91, 104-107, 120-121, 134-137, 150-151, 164-167, 180-181, 194-197, 210-211, 224-227, 240-241, 254-257, 270-271, 284-287 and 299-300 arch trunks. Each vault is similarly additionally engineered.

3) The 15 th and 16 th, 45 th and 46 th, 75 th and 76 th, 105 th and 106 th, 135 th and 136 th, 165 th and 166 th, 195 th and 196 th, 225 th and 226 th, 255 th and 256 th, 285 th and 286 th arched trunks are made into guide rails (C1, C2), and 2 hooks are respectively installed at the bottom of the gutter directly below the guide rails. Each vault is similarly additionally engineered.

4) The film rolling device (B) assembled according to the figure 2 is respectively arranged between the 15 th and 16 th, 45 th and 46 th, 75 th and 76 th, 105 th and 106 th, 135 th and 136 th, 165 th and 166 th, 195 th and 196 th, 225 th and 226 th, 255 th and 256 th, 285 th and 286 th arch trunks, 2 guide wheels on the same side in pairs are respectively matched with two guide rails, 20 steel wire ropes with 4mm are taken as traction ropes for spanning, and the two ends of the traction ropes respectively pass through the traction wheels (winding 2 circles) of the two film rolling devices and then are fixed on a hook at the bottom of a gutter. The traction rope is tensioned to enable the guide wheel of the film rolling device to be tightly attached to the guide rail.

5) The film is rolled and dried by a galvanized steel pipe with the wall thickness of 3mm, the diameter of 32mm and the length of 39.5 meters (A), and the length of each span is 20 (the length of the 1 st and 20 th rolled films is preferably 35.75 meters). Each film rolling and drying device passes through a gear 1(K1) of the film rolling device and is fixedly locked with the gear 1(K1),

6) Plastic films with corresponding lengths are taken and are respectively covered on the north and south sides of the fixed film area through the vault covering. And (3) a film pressing spring is additionally arranged in a film pressing groove 50cm below the arch crown to lock the shed film so as to prevent the shed film from moving. The lower ends of the films are respectively fixed and locked with the film roll pulling device.

All documents referred to herein are incorporated by reference into this application as if each were individually incorporated by reference. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the above teachings of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A membrane full open arch type membrane greenhouse unit comprising:

an arc-shaped arch stem;

the two ends of the traction rope are respectively fixed on the traction rope connecting parts at the bottom ends of the two sides of the arc-shaped arch trunk and are arranged along the arch trunk;

the film rolling device is arranged on the outer side of the arched stem and is dynamically connected with the traction rope so as to move along the arched stem between the traction rope and the arched stem;

the guide rail is positioned on the surface of the arch stem;

the film rolling pull rod is perpendicular to the arched rod, is fixed on the film rolling device and can be driven by the film rolling device to move relative to the guide rail; and

the film covers the arched stem.

2. A greenhouse unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arched stems are fixed to the support frame.

3. The greenhouse unit of claim 2, wherein the arched shank and the support frame connection portion further comprise a gutter, and the pulling rope is fixed to a fixing portion of the bottom of the gutter.

4. A greenhouse unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arched beams are fixed to the ground.

5. A greenhouse unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the film winder comprises:

the film winding pull rod penetrates through the gear and is locked so as to be fixed on the film winder;

a chain;

a fixing plate;

a guide wheel;

the traction wheel is movably wound on the traction rope so as to be dynamically connected with the film rolling device;

the transmission rod is connected with the traction wheel through a gear;

a support bar; and

the motor is connected with the gear through a chain and drives the traction wheel to rotate, so that the film rolling pull rod is driven.

6. Greenhouse unit according to claim 5, wherein when the motor is rotating in the forward direction, the traction wheels and the film take-up draw bar are driven to rotate in the forward direction, thereby bringing about the film take-up; and is

7. Greenhouse unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the greenhouse unit comprises:

fixing the membrane area; the fixation membrane region comprises:

an arc-shaped arch stem;

a film covering the arc-shaped arched beam; and

a film fixing device; and

a movable membrane region, said movable membrane region comprising:

an arc-shaped arch stem;

a film rolling pull rod;

the bottom end of the film is fixed on the film rolling pull rod.

8. A greenhouse unit as claimed in claim 7, where the film fixture is a squeeze film tank.

9. Greenhouse unit according to claim 8, wherein the squeeze film tank has squeeze film springs to lock the film.

10. A thin film fully open arch type thin film greenhouse, characterized in that the greenhouse comprises a plurality of greenhouse units as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.