CN215301000U - High-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device - Google Patents
High-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN215301000U CN215301000U CN202121933261.0U CN202121933261U CN215301000U CN 215301000 U CN215301000 U CN 215301000U CN 202121933261 U CN202121933261 U CN 202121933261U CN 215301000 U CN215301000 U CN 215301000U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- microwave
- plasma
- cavity
- quartz tube
- pulverized coal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a plasma equipment field indicates a high-power microwave plasma buggy cracker, has solved among the prior art by the little, the low and buggy schizolysis problem that arouses of plasma size. The utility model comprises a coal powder grinding device, a coal powder input device, a plasma generating device, a cracked gas processing device and a microwave cavity; the axis position of the microwave cavity is superposed with the axis of the reaction cavity; the microwave generating device is arranged around the microwave cavity; the number of the microwave generating devices is not less than three; the microwave cavity is a hollow cylindrical multi-cavity. The utility model uses a high-power microwave plasma device as a coal powder cracking reaction device, and realizes the excitation of the high-power and large-size coal powder plasma by arranging a plurality of microwave generating devices at different distances and in staggered heights and uniformly and intensively binding electromagnetic waves at the central position of the quartz tube; the utility model discloses simple structure, arouse efficient, low cost, satisfy the large-scale requirement of industrialization.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a plasma equipment field especially indicates a high-power microwave plasma buggy cracker.
Background
The main production processes of industrial acetylene include a calcium carbide method and a hydrocarbon cracking method, wherein the calcium carbide method, namely a wet calcium carbide method, generates a large amount of waste water and carbide slag when acetylene is generated, and has high energy consumption and high pollution; the resource consumption of acetylene obtained by cracking olefin with petroleum is large and is not a long-term measure.
In the cracking method, the application of plasma cracking coal powder in the industrial acetylene production is more and more extensive, and the plasma torch has the following characteristics: 1) the plasma has extremely high energy density, temperature and extremely fast reaction time, can thoroughly decompose various organic matters into micromolecular combustible gas, has small occupied area, can achieve large treatment capacity, and can realize fast start and stop; 2) because fuel combustion does not exist, the heat source is generated without oxidant, and compared with the conventional heat treatment process, the method has the advantages of much less smoke generated, easy treatment and low cost. But the problems of insufficient high voltage, weak current stability, complex power supply control system and limited service life of high power exist.
And the following defects exist in the production process, which causes the blockage of the production quantity:
1. most microwave plasmas realize plasmas in a waveguide compression or waveguide mode, the diameter of the plasmas is small, the diameter of the plasmas is only 3-4cm under 2450MHz, the microwave action area is short, and the maximum diameter of the plasmas is 5cm under the action of microwaves;
2. the microwave plasma generator forms plasma under a single mold cavity, so that the area of a plasma region is small, and the energy utilization rate is low;
3. the microwave plasma generator cannot radiate heat to the reaction cavity through self airflow due to low ventilation volume, so that high external heat radiation capacity is required. The device cannot realize large-scale gas treatment or large-scale plasma treatment application.
There is a need for a new pulverized coal cracking apparatus that can solve the above problems.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a high-power microwave plasma buggy cracker has solved among the prior art by the little, the low and buggy schizolysis problem that arouses of plasma size.
The technical scheme of the utility model is realized like this: a high-power microwave plasma coal powder cracking device comprises a coal powder grinding device, a coal powder input device, a plasma generating device and a cracking gas treatment device; the plasma generating device comprises a plasma ignition device, a microwave generating device, a waveguide, a reaction cavity for exciting gas into plasma, and an air inlet for introducing coal powder into the reaction cavity; the microwave cavity is sleeved outside the reaction cavity; the axis position of the microwave cavity is superposed with the axis of the reaction cavity; the microwave generating device is arranged around the microwave cavity in a staggered manner at different distances through the waveguide; the number of the microwave generating devices is not less than three; the microwave cavity is a hollow cylindrical multi-cavity; the ignition device and the gas inlet are arranged at the lower end of the reaction cavity; the microwave plasma also comprises a combustion-supporting gas input port.
Furthermore, the electromagnetic waves at the center of the reaction cavity are uniformly and intensively distributed; the microwave cavity and the waveguide positions are simulated and optimized by a finite element method.
Further, the microwave cavity is a metallic microwave cavity for concentrating microwave energy.
Furthermore, the reaction cavity is made of a material with small electromagnetic loss and high temperature resistance.
Further, the reaction chamber is a quartz tube, a cylindrical metal tube is further sleeved outside the quartz tube, the diameter of the metal tube is larger than that of the quartz tube, and the height of the metal tube is consistent with that of the quartz tube.
Preferably, the reaction chambers may be cascaded, in particular with the upper end of a quartz tube being coupled to the lower end of another quartz tube.
Further, the microwave generators are uniformly distributed at the longitudinal section of the quartz tube.
Further, the microwave generating device and the waveguide can be three groups, four groups or five groups.
Further, the microwave plasma also comprises a combustion-supporting gas input port.
The utility model discloses a high-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device, which takes a high-power microwave plasma device as a pulverized coal cracking reaction device, arranges a plurality of microwave generating devices by different distances and staggered heights, and evenly and intensively binds electromagnetic waves at the central position of a quartz tube, thereby realizing the excitation of the large-power and large-size pulverized coal plasma; the utility model has simple structure, high excitation efficiency and low cost, and meets the large-scale requirement of industrialization; the utility model discloses can cascade, realize the effective stack of power.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1: the system module schematic diagram of the utility model;
FIG. 2: the structure schematic diagram of the four microwave sources;
FIG. 3: a simulation schematic diagram of four paths of microwave sources;
FIG. 4: a simulation schematic diagram of three paths of microwave sources;
FIG. 5: a simulation schematic diagram of five paths of microwave sources;
FIG. 6: the utility model discloses a cascade schematic diagram;
wherein: 10. a feed inlet; 20. a pulverized coal grinding device; 30. a pulverized coal input device; 40. a plasma generating device; 41. a microwave cavity; 42. a waveguide; 43. a microwave generating device; 44. an air inlet; 45. a plasma ignition device; 46. a reaction chamber; 47. a combustion supporting gas input port; 48. a cylindrical metal tube; 50. a cracked gas treatment unit; 60. a harmless drain 60.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a high-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device, which comprises a pulverized coal grinding device 20, a pulverized coal input device 30, a plasma generating device 40 and a cracking gas processing device 50; the plasma generating device 40 comprises a plasma ignition device 45, a microwave generating device 43, a waveguide 42, a reaction cavity 46 for exciting gas into plasma, and an air inlet 44 for introducing coal powder into the reaction cavity 46; also comprises a microwave cavity sleeved outside the reaction cavity 46; the axis position of the microwave cavity is superposed with the axis of the reaction cavity 46; the microwave generating devices 43 are arranged around the microwave cavity in a staggered manner at different distances through the waveguide 42; the number of the microwave generating devices 43 is not less than three; the microwave cavity is a hollow cylindrical multi-cavity; the ignition device and the air inlet 44 are arranged at the lower end of the reaction cavity 46; the microwave plasma also includes a combustion supporting gas inlet 47.
Further, the electromagnetic waves are uniformly and intensively distributed at the center of the reaction cavity 46; the microwave cavity and waveguide 42 positions are simulated and optimized by finite element method.
And (3) simulation process:
a. variables in the optimization process, such as the Z-axis coordinates of the four waveguides 42 and the radius of the metal cylindrical cavity, are defined, and the electric field distribution can be optimized by changing the numerical values;
b. constructing a geometric model: four metal rectangular BJ26 waveguides 42, metal cylindrical cavities, metal tubes and quartz tubes;
c. creating a definition: assigning actual meaning to each domain and boundary;
d. adding materials: giving each cavity and boundary different material properties;
e. defining physical field, adding four microwave source feed-in ports;
f. setting a parametric scan: writing the variation range of the optimizable variable, calculating all permutation and combination through comsol, and selecting the parameter value when the electric field distribution is optimized;
g. and (4) dividing a grid, running analysis, and obtaining an optimal result according to the electric field distribution diagram and the S11 value.
Further, the microwave cavity is a metallic microwave cavity for concentrating microwave energy. Further, the reaction chamber 46 is made of a material with low electromagnetic loss and high temperature resistance. Further, the reaction chamber 46 is a quartz tube, and a cylindrical metal tube 48 is further sleeved outside the quartz tube, wherein the diameter of the metal tube is larger than that of the quartz tube, and the height of the metal tube is consistent with that of the quartz tube.
Preferably, the reaction chambers 46 may be cascaded, in particular with the upper end of a quartz tube being coupled to the lower end of another quartz tube. The plasma generating device 40 is composed of a plurality of cavities, microwaves are input into the microwave cavity through the rectangular waveguide 42, the plasmas are confined in the quartz tube reaction cavity 46 and are isolated from the microwave cavity through the quartz tube, electromagnetic waves are inhibited from radiating outwards from an opening caused by the quartz tube through the metal tube isolation cavity, microwave energy is concentrated, stability of a plasma torch is facilitated, the microwave energy can be efficiently converted into the microwave plasmas through the multi-cavity structural design, the device cascade is realized, and the two devices are cascaded in a mode of connecting the quartz tubes, so that effective superposition of power is realized.
Further, the microwave generators are uniformly distributed at the longitudinal section of the quartz tube.
As shown in the figure, the system module of the present invention is schematically illustrated, in the using process, the pulverized coal grinding device 20 grinds the coal briquette into pulverized coal, and the pulverized coal enters the plasma generating device 40 through the air duct. Under 2450MHz, the microwave power can reach 4-12kW, microwave energy is fed into the multiple mold cavities, the microwave energy is focused in the multiple mold cavities through calculation design, and high-power microwave plasma is generated through an ignition device. The treatment reaction zone is a quartz tube, is isolated from the microwave cavity, and is filled with combustion-supporting gas hydrogen from a combustion-supporting port, so that the heating efficiency of the hydrogen plasma is high under the high-temperature condition, the temperature of the plasma torch is greatly increased, and an ultrahigh-temperature heat source is generated. The cracking reaction is carried out in the ultra-high temperature reaction environment, various gases such as acetylene, ethylene and the like and solid particles are generated and discharged from an outlet. Because the temperature of the pyrolysis gas generated by the reaction exceeds 1500K, the pyrolysis gas discharged from the outlet is quenched to prevent acetylene decomposition, and then gas-solid separation is carried out by a dust removal technology. Finally, various gases in the cracked gas are separated by a purification technology to obtain acetylene with higher purity.
The plasma generating devices 40 can be three, four or five groups. Plasma electron density, electron temperature and gas temperature all increase with increasing microwave input power. The increase of the microwave power can accelerate the collision reaction in the plasma, thereby leading to the increase of the electron density generation speed and providing more heat sources for heating the gas. The multiple inputs greatly improve the quality of the plasma torch within the reaction chamber 46.
Four microwave sources:
the utility model discloses constitute by four BJ26 waveguides 42, a metal cylinder cavity, a tubular metal resonator and a quartz capsule. The four rectangular waveguides 42 are embedded on the wall of the metal cylinder, the quartz tube penetrates through the center of the cylinder cavity, and the metal tube covers the outer layer of the quartz tube to separate the cylinder cavity from the quartz tube; the method adopts the finite element method-based multi-physical field simulation software COMSOL5.4 to carry out geometric modeling and creation definition, endows each domain and boundary with actual significance, sets material properties, defines related physical fields and divides grids, and carries out simulation and numerical analysis.
The four-way plasma structure is designed, microwaves are input by the four waveguide 42 ports with certain power, the microwave power is effectively increased, the electron density, the electron temperature and the gas temperature of the plasma are increased along with the increase of the microwave input power, and meanwhile, the collision reaction in the plasma is accelerated, so that the electron density generation speed is accelerated, and more heat sources are provided for heating the gas.
After microwave is input by the ports of the four waveguides 42 with certain power, an electric field distribution diagram in the cylindrical cavity is observed, and the geometric dimension of the cylindrical cavity and the corresponding positions of the four waveguides 42 and the bottom of the cylindrical cavity are continuously changed: specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
when the coordinates z of the four microwave sources are 0, namely the four microwave sources are parallel, the four microwave sources are positioned in the middle of the microwave cavity and feed microwaves, and at the moment, the electric field distribution in the microwave cavity cannot be concentrated in the quartz tube in the microwave cavity, so that the four microwave sources are distributed in a staggered manner, and the purpose of concentrating the electric field at the center of the circle is realized.
When three microwave sources are located on the same Z plane, two microwave sources are located on the same Z plane, and none of the microwave sources are located on the same Z plane, the Z-axis coordinates of the four microwave sources are respectively set as Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4, a parameterized scanning list is added, a Z coordinate dislocation range is given, the optimal electric field distribution is selected through different arrangement combinations, and when none of the four microwave sources is parallel, the electric field is favorably concentrated at the circle center.
Increasing power, and determining the optimal electric field distribution as shown by the graph by simulating different staggered distances of the four microwave sources; furthermore, when the z-axis coordinate of each microwave source is fixed and unchanged, the maximum electric field intensity and the best focusing effect can be obtained by simulating electric field patterns under different metal cylindrical cavity radiuses.
And then constantly optimize electric field focusing effect, form powerful microwave plasma torch, finally confirm that cylinder cavity radius is 115mm, four metal rectangle BJ26 wave guides 42 are wide for 84.6mm, high for 43.2mm, the depth is 205mm apart from cylinder cavity outer most ring distance, four metal rectangle wave guides 42 rotate 90 degrees and distribute in proper order in the cylinder cavity wall, its distance apart from the top is respectively: 18.4mm, 33.4mm, 28.4mm and 23.4mm, and the heights are staggered.
As shown in the simulation diagram of the first embodiment of fig. 2, the temperature in the quartz tube is concentrated and uniform.
Three and five microwave sources:
on the basis of four microwave sources, the structures of the plasma generators of three microwave sources and five microwave sources are respectively, and the design and the size of the rest parts of the device are not changed except the number and the positions of the waveguides 42; the simulation optimization process is the same as the steps of the plasma generators of the four microwave sources, the comsol is used for carrying out optimization simulation analysis on the plasma generators of the three microwave sources and the five microwave sources, and after the optimal optimization parameters are respectively determined, the optimal electric field distribution diagram is obtained; the maximum electric field of the plasma generator of the three-way microwave source is 2.12 x 103V/m, the plasma generator of five microwave sources is difficult to focus the highest electric field energy at the center of a circle, while the plasma generator of four microwave sources has the maximum electric field of 2.49-103V/m, and perfectly concentrates electric field energy in a certain range.
Plasma electron density, electron temperature and gas temperature all increase with increasing microwave input power. The increase of the microwave power can accelerate the collision reaction in the plasma, thereby leading the electron density generation speed to be accelerated, simultaneously providing more heat sources for heating the gas, and greatly improving the quality of the plasma torch in the reaction cavity 46 by multi-path input.
The utility model discloses a high-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device, which arranges a plurality of microwave generating devices 43 in different distances and staggered heights, and evenly and intensively binds electromagnetic waves at the central position of a quartz tube, thereby realizing the excitation of large-power and large-size pulverized coal plasma; the utility model has simple structure, high excitation efficiency and low cost, and meets the large-scale requirement of industrialization; the utility model discloses can cascade, realize the effective stack of power.
Of course, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art should be able to make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, and these corresponding changes and modifications should fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A high-power microwave plasma coal powder cracking device comprises a coal powder grinding device, a coal powder input device, a plasma generating device and a cracking gas treatment device; the plasma generating device comprises a plasma ignition device, a microwave generating device, a waveguide, a reaction cavity for exciting gas into plasma, and an air inlet for introducing coal powder into the reaction cavity; the method is characterized in that:
the microwave cavity is sleeved outside the reaction cavity; the axis position of the microwave cavity is superposed with the axis of the reaction cavity; the microwave generating device is arranged around the microwave cavity in a staggered manner at different distances through the waveguide;
the number of the microwave generating devices is not less than three;
the microwave cavity is a hollow cylindrical multi-cavity;
the ignition device and the gas inlet are arranged at the lower end of the reaction cavity;
the plasma generating device also comprises a combustion-supporting gas input port.
2. The high-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electromagnetic waves at the center of the reaction cavity are uniformly and intensively distributed.
3. The high-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the microwave cavity is a metallic microwave cavity for concentrating microwave energy.
4. The high-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the reaction cavity is made of a material with small electromagnetic loss and high temperature resistance.
5. The high-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the reaction chamber is a quartz tube, a cylindrical metal tube is further sleeved outside the quartz tube, the diameter of the metal tube is larger than that of the quartz tube, and the height of the metal tube is consistent with that of the quartz tube.
6. The high-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the reaction chambers can be cascaded, and particularly, the upper end of one quartz tube is connected with the lower end of another quartz tube.
7. The high-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the microwave generating devices are uniformly distributed at the longitudinal section of the quartz tube.
8. The high-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the microwave generating device and the waveguide are three groups, four groups and five groups.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022212051 | 2020-10-05 | ||
| CN2020222120514 | 2020-10-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN215301000U true CN215301000U (en) | 2021-12-24 |
Family
ID=79527394
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121933261.0U Active CN215301000U (en) | 2020-10-05 | 2021-08-17 | High-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN215301000U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112074071A (en) * | 2020-10-05 | 2020-12-11 | 四川大学 | High-power plasma generating device of multichannel microwave source |
| CN112383997A (en) * | 2020-10-05 | 2021-02-19 | 四川大学 | High-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device |
-
2021
- 2021-08-17 CN CN202121933261.0U patent/CN215301000U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112074071A (en) * | 2020-10-05 | 2020-12-11 | 四川大学 | High-power plasma generating device of multichannel microwave source |
| CN112383997A (en) * | 2020-10-05 | 2021-02-19 | 四川大学 | High-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device |
| CN112074071B (en) * | 2020-10-05 | 2024-06-18 | 四川大学 | High-power plasma generating device of multipath microwave source |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112383997A (en) | High-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device | |
| CN215301000U (en) | High-power microwave plasma pulverized coal cracking device | |
| Shao et al. | Atmospheric‐pressure pulsed discharges and plasmas: mechanism, characteristics and applications | |
| CN112074071B (en) | High-power plasma generating device of multipath microwave source | |
| CN216501452U (en) | Dangerous solid useless processing apparatus of high-power microwave plasma | |
| Mokhta et al. | Simulation studies on microwave-assisted pyrolysis of biomass for bioenergy production with special attention on waveguide number and location | |
| CN105027685B (en) | The method and apparatus for handling two-phase fragment shape or pulverulent material by non-isothermal reaction plasma auxiliary agent | |
| CN215301001U (en) | High-power plasma generating device of multichannel microwave source | |
| CN100476065C (en) | Textile and non-woven cloth plasma surface treating device | |
| CN104357810A (en) | Coaxial microwave plasma film-deposition equipment | |
| CN107794067A (en) | A kind of microwave reaction device | |
| CN212166996U (en) | Plasma formula tail gas processing apparatus based on microwave | |
| CN112371687A (en) | Dangerous solid useless processing apparatus of high-power microwave plasma | |
| CN103118478A (en) | Pulse penning discharge big-aperture plasma generating device | |
| CN200988925Y (en) | Textile and non-woven cloth plasma surface treating device | |
| CN111491437B (en) | Non-jet normal-pressure large-volume microwave plasma generation method | |
| CN204185556U (en) | The equipment of the plasma-deposited film of a kind of coaxial microwave | |
| CN203645905U (en) | Large-power V-shaped plasma torch | |
| CN109442422B (en) | High-temperature microwave plasma generator and waste treatment system | |
| CN210075674U (en) | Non-jet-flow normal-pressure thermal plasma generator | |
| CN202590778U (en) | Microwave high-temperature continuous oxidization and reduction device | |
| JP7202749B1 (en) | Fuel gas generator and method | |
| JP7534806B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for recycling tires | |
| CN111491435A (en) | Non-jet-flow normal-pressure thermal plasma generator | |
| CN216432493U (en) | Continuous graphitization system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |