CN215266662U

CN215266662U - Single printed dipole, double dipole, four dipole and eight dipole array antennas

Info

Publication number: CN215266662U
Application number: CN202121562327.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 侯宇庆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-07-09
Filing date: 2021-07-09
Publication date: 2021-12-21
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-09

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single printing dipole, four dipoles and eight dipole array antennas relates to 5G antenna technical field. The single printed dipole antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, wherein a front dipole arm is formed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate, a back dipole arm is formed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate, a front connection strip line with one end connected with the front dipole arm is formed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate, a back connection strip line with one end connected with the back dipole arm is formed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate, the other end of the front connection strip line is connected with one end of a front strip feed line, the other end of the front strip feed line is a signal input end, the other end of the back connection strip line is connected with one end of a back strip feed line, and the other end of the back strip feed line is a grounding end. The antenna has the advantages of good impedance matching, high antenna gain and the like.

Description

Single printed dipole, double dipole, four dipole and eight dipole array antennas

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a 5G antenna technical field especially relates to a slim, low-cost three frequency dipole array antenna suitable for 5G Sub-6GHz micro cellular base station is used.

Background

The rapid growth in global mobile data and internet of things (IoT) demand has prompted researchers and companies to focus on fifth generation (5G) wireless communication systems. Wireless applications, such as intelligent transportation systems (trains, buses, taxis), multimedia devices, advanced mobile systems, require the rapid use of fifth generation (5G) communication systems. In 2015 world radio communication conference (WRC-15), C band 3400-. In 2017, China has formally announced that 3.3-3.6GHz for indoor and outdoor 5G services is lower than the 6GHz and 4.8-5GHz bands. Since the above-mentioned 5G new radio spectrum may not be sufficient for upcoming 5G multi-band communications, another unique unlicensed spectrum, referred to as LTE band 46 (5150-. 5G will also use the low band spectrum below 1GHz to provide deeper indoor penetration, reliable uplink and large coverage. Thus, the main spectrum options for the early 5G stage are, in addition to the mmWave band, the 5G-sub-1GHz (B1) ] and 5G sub-6GHz bands, more specifically the 3.5GHz (B2) and 5GHz (B3).

Compared with the higher frequency of the millimeter wave frequency band, in the cellular network below 6GHz, the communication propagation loss is smaller and the sensitivity to blocking is smaller. Due to the limited storage space and the increasing demand for high channel capacity for future 5G communications, antennas with low profile and high isolation have become a hot spot for research in recent years. Due to the expansion of the operating frequency band in 5G communications, one of the main challenges of 5G technology is to develop multiple frequency bands (each having a wider bandwidth) for the base station antenna. However, since most broadband designs are based on thick substrate or ground-supported stack designs, it is difficult to extend the bandwidth of a low-profile antenna, which inevitably increases the height of the antenna. This is unacceptable in many practical applications. The problem becomes more serious when the low frequency band below 1GHz needs to be added.

However, for many indoor applications, in the corridors of airplanes, trains, subways, long distance buses, as well as hotels, office buildings and shopping centers, it is preferable to use a two-way beam antenna to maximize user coverage. It has also been proposed to use such a bi-directional radiation pattern for a 5G repeater to improve the signal quality of the indoor environment.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that an array antenna that has good impedance match and antenna gain is higher is provided.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes is: a single printed dipole antenna, comprising: the front side of the dielectric substrate is provided with a front side dipole arm, the back side of the dielectric substrate is provided with a back side dipole arm, the front side dipole arm and the back side dipole arm do not have an overlapping part in the front-back projection direction, the front side of the dielectric substrate is provided with a front side connection strip line with one end connected with the front side dipole arm, the back side of the dielectric substrate is provided with a back side connection strip line with one end connected with the back side dipole arm, the front side connection strip line and the back side connection strip line do not have an overlapping part in the front-back projection direction, the other end of the front side connection strip line is connected with one end of a front side strip feed line, the other end of the front side strip feed line is a signal input end, and the other end of the back side connection strip line is connected with one end of a back side strip feed line, the other end of the back surface strip feed line is a grounding end, and the front surface strip feed line and the back surface strip feed line are positioned on the inner sides of the front surface dipole arm and the back surface dipole arm which are opposite in the projection direction; the front surface strip feed line and the back surface strip feed line are equal in size and dimension, and are mutually overlapped in the front and back projection direction; the width of the front dipole arm is 30mm and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 0.813 mm.

The utility model also discloses a double dipole antenna with feed network, its characterized in that: the single-printed dipole antenna comprises two single-printed dipole antennas which are arranged on the left and right, wherein two front strip-shaped feed lines in the single-printed dipole antennas are arranged oppositely, the inner side end of each front strip-shaped feed line is connected with one end of a front input strip line, and two back strip-shaped feed lines in the single-printed dipole antennas are arranged oppositely, and the inner side end of each back strip-shaped feed line in the single-printed dipole antennas is connected with one end of a back grounding strip line.

The utility model also discloses a quadripolar array antenna, its characterized in that: the dual-dipole antenna comprises two dual-dipole antennas which are arranged up and down, wherein the front parts of the four single-printed dipole antennas are connected together through the same front input strip line, and the back parts of the four single-printed dipole antennas are connected together through the same back grounding strip line.

The utility model also discloses an eight dipole array antenna, its characterized in that: the four-dipole array antenna comprises two four-dipole array antennas arranged on the left and the right, wherein the lower end of a front input strip line in one four-dipole array antenna on the left side is connected with one end on the left side of a conical impedance transformer, the lower end of a front input strip line in one four-dipole array antenna on the right side is connected with one end on the right side of the conical impedance transformer, the middle of the conical impedance transformer is connected with one end of an input micro-strip line, and the conical impedance transformer is used for matching 50 omega input to 100 omega output; each front input strip line positioned between the front dipole arm and the conical impedance transformer is provided with a micro-strip Tplit power divider, the micro-strip Tplit power divider comprises two parts which are symmetrical left and right, wherein the left part comprises a bent micro-strip line and a vertical micro-strip line, one end of the bent micro-strip line is connected with the front input strip line, the other end of the bent micro-strip line is connected with one end of the vertical micro-strip line, and the Tplit power divider does not have an overlapping part with the front dipole arm and the back dipole arm in the front-back projection direction; the lower ends of the back grounding striplines in the two quadripole sub-array antennas positioned on the left side and the right side are connected with the same grounding strip.

Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: the antenna array is used for base station application with bidirectional beam requirement, frequency bands lower than 1GHz can be effectively realized by introducing the embedded long-edge monopole, the total thickness of the antenna is 4.313 mm (the antenna cover is 2mm, the PCB is 0.813mm, and the distance between the antenna cover and the PCB is 1.5 mm), and the antenna array is very low compared with the latest reported base station antenna. The radiation performance of the proposed array configuration has been verified experimentally. The proposed antenna showed good impedance matching (S11< -10dB) in the B1, B2, and B3 bands, and the measured antenna gains reached about 1dBi, 6dBi, and 10dBi, respectively. Due to its bidirectional radiation pattern, the proposed antenna is an ideal choice for future compact base station antennas in tunnels, corridors, buildings, etc.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a single printed dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1b is a schematic structural diagram of the dual dipole antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1c is a schematic structural diagram of a feed network in a double dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2a is a schematic front structural diagram of the quadripolar array antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of a back structure of the quadripolar array antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3a is a schematic front structural diagram of an eight-dipole array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3b is a schematic diagram of a front structure of the eight-dipole array antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of an antenna configuration with a waterproof radome;

wherein: 1. a dielectric substrate; 2. a front dipole arm; 3. a back dipole arm; 4. the front side is connected with a strip line; 5. the back side is connected with a strip line; 6. a front side strip feed line; 7. a back-side strip feed line; 8. inputting a strip line on the front side; 9. a back side grounding strip line; 10. a tapered impedance transformer; 11. bending the microstrip line; 12. a vertical microstrip line; 13. a ground strip; 14. inputting a microstrip line; 15. a waterproof radome.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be implemented in other ways different from the specific details set forth herein, and one skilled in the art may similarly generalize the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

As shown in fig. 1a and 1c, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a single printed dipole antenna, which includes a dielectric substrate 1, wherein a front dipole arm 2 is formed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 1, a back dipole arm 3 is formed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1, the front dipole arm 2 and the back dipole arm 3 do not have an overlapping portion in the front-back projection direction, and the front dipole arm 2 and the back dipole arm 3 have the same size and dimension; a front connection strip line 4 with one end connected with the front dipole arm 2 is formed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 1, a back connection strip line 5 with one end connected with the back dipole arm 3 is formed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and the front connection strip line 4 and the back connection strip line 5 do not have an overlapping part in the front-back projection direction; the other end of the front side connecting strip line 4 is connected with one end of a front side strip feeder line 6, the other end of the front side strip feeder line 6 is a signal input end, the other end of the back side connecting strip line 5 is connected with one end of a back side strip feeder line 7, and the other end of the back side strip feeder line 7 is a grounding end; the front and rear strip feed lines 6, 7 are located on the inner side of the front dipole arm 2 opposite to the rear dipole arm 3 in the projection direction. Further, the front surface strip feed line 6 and the rear surface strip feed line 7 are equal in size and dimension, and the front surface strip feed line 6 and the rear surface strip feed line 7 overlap each other in the front-rear projection direction.

The whole design is based on dipole antenna topology, printed on both sides of a dielectric substrate 1, fed by symmetrical parallel striplines, with front dipole arms 2 and corresponding portions of the feed lines on the top interface, and back dipole arms 3 on the bottom interface; the dielectric substrate 1 was chosen to be very thin, with a thickness t of 0.813mm, er of 3.38, tan δ of 0.0027; for a single dipole antenna, the characteristic impedance of the feed is 50.

As shown in fig. 1b, the embodiment of the utility model also discloses a double dipole antenna with feed network, set up about two single printing dipole antenna, two in the single printing dipole antenna two positive strip feed line 6 set up relatively and the medial extremity is connected with the one end of positive input strip line 8, two in the single printing dipole antenna two back strip feed line 7 set up relatively and the medial extremity is connected with the one end of back ground connection strip line 9.

Further, to cover both the B2 band and the B3 band, two single printed Dipole antennas are combined into one structure, thereby creating a double Dipole (2Dipole) antenna structure, full wave optimization in CST Microwave Studio shows that this can be achieved by selecting La equal to 30mm and Wa equal to 10 mm.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 a-2 b, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses a quadripolar array antenna, which includes two dipole antennas disposed up and down, wherein the front portions of the four single-printed dipole antennas are connected together by the same front input stripline 8, and the back portions of the four single-printed dipole antennas are connected together by the same back grounding stripline 9.

In order to increase the antenna gain and adjust the radiation pattern, two double dipole antennas are placed vertically on top of each other, in this configuration the center-to-center distance of the double dipole antennas is q2, i.e. optimized to 60mm (0.7 λ at 3.5 GHz) for optimum reflection.

Further, as shown in fig. 3a-3b, the embodiment of the present invention further discloses an eight-dipole array antenna, which includes two four-dipole array antennas disposed left and right, wherein the lower end of the front input stripline 8 in the left four-dipole array antenna is connected to the left end of the tapered impedance transformer 10, the lower end of the front input stripline 8 in the right four-dipole array antenna is connected to the right end of the tapered impedance transformer 10, the middle of the tapered impedance transformer 10 is connected to one end of the input microstrip line 14, and the tapered impedance transformer 10 is used for matching the 50 Ω input to 100 Ω output; a microstrip Tplit power divider is formed on each front input strip line 8 positioned between the front dipole arm 2 and the conical impedance transformer 10, and comprises two symmetrical parts, wherein the left part comprises a bent microstrip line 11 and a vertical microstrip line 12, one end of the bent microstrip line 11 is connected with the front input strip line 8, the other end of the bent microstrip line 11 is connected with one end of the vertical microstrip line 12, and the Tplit power divider does not have an overlapping part with the front dipole arm 2 and the back dipole arm 3 in the front-back projection direction; the lower ends of the back ground striplines 9 in the two four-dipole array antennas on the left and right sides are connected to the same ground strip 13.

To compensate for the corner parasitic reactance, the tapered impedance transformer 10 is chamfered. The two arms of the power divider have the same length to provide a phase difference of 0 ° between them. The impedance bandwidth of the eight-dipole array antenna is 2.5-2.85 GHz, 3.22-3.66 GHz and 5.2-5.98 GHz, and the eight-dipole array antenna has wider impedance bandwidth in a B3 frequency band. Dimensions in mm, fig. 3a-3 b: l1 is 10, L2 is 23.3, L3 is 10.5, L4 is 81.4, L5 is 21.7, L6 is 35.5, L7 is 47, D1 is 15.6, D2 is 17.8, D3 is 43.6, D4 is 8.5, W1 is 1.4, W2 is 3, W3 is 2, W4 is 1, S1 is 1.5, S2 is 19, We is 13, Le is 14, Ls is 110, Ws is 100, Lg is 10, Wg is 100.

In order to increase B1(5G frequency band lower than 1 GHz), omit unwanted frequency band (2.5-2.85 GHz) and increase impedance bandwidth in B2 and B3, and structurally increase long strips (vertical microstrip lines and bent microstrip lines), please refer to FIG. 3 a. The length of the side strips is L4+ L5, which equals 0.3 λ at 900MHz, and by adding these two side strips another resonance occurs in the 900MHz band, the longer side strip being the primary radiator below the 1GHz band, and the dipole starting to radiate to the higher band. However, the longer side bars still function in the higher frequency band and are used here for tuning and widening the bandwidth.

In order to use the proposed antenna in a practical environment exposed to wind, rain, ice, sand, ultraviolet rays, etc., a waterproof radome is used, as shown in fig. 4. A 2mm thick radome is made of plastic with a dielectric constant of about 3 and is compounded by a thin layer of E-glass and epoxy, which has a dielectric constant of about 4.5. The materials are selected to minimize the insertion loss of the radome. To avoid a direct physical connection of the PCB to the radome, both sides between the PCB and the radome are kept at a distance of 1.5mm by teflon spacers, since this may have a negative effect on S11. This effect was examined in the new simulation.

In summary, the novel, low-cost triple-band 5G below 6GHz antenna is used for base station applications with bi-directional beam requirements. Frequency bands below 1GHz can be effectively achieved by introducing embedded long-side monopoles. The total thickness of the antenna is 4.313 mm (with a radome of 2mm, a PCB of 0.813mm, and a spacing of 1.5mm between them), which is very low compared to the latest base station antennas reported recently. The radiation performance of the proposed array configuration has been verified experimentally. The proposed antenna showed good impedance matching (S11< -10dB) in the B1, B2, and B3 bands, and the measured antenna gains reached about 1dBi, 6dBi, and 10dBi, respectively. Due to its bidirectional radiation pattern, the proposed antenna is an ideal choice for future compact base station antennas in tunnels, corridors, buildings, etc.

Claims

1. A single printed dipole antenna, comprising: comprising a dielectric substrate (1), the front surface of the dielectric substrate (1) is formed with a front dipole arm (2), the back surface of the dielectric substrate (1) is formed with a back dipole arm (3), the front dipole arm (2) and the back dipole arm (3) do not have an overlapping portion in the front-back projection direction, and the front dipole arm (2) and the back dipole arm (3) have the same size and dimension, the front surface of the dielectric substrate (1) is formed with a front connection strip line (4) having one end connected to the front dipole arm (2), the back surface of the dielectric substrate (1) is formed with a back connection strip line (5) having one end connected to the back dipole arm (3), and the front connection strip line (4) and the back connection strip line (5) do not have an overlapping portion in the front-back projection direction, the other end of the front connection strip line (4) is connected to one end of a front connection strip line (6), the other end of the front side strip-shaped feed line (6) is a signal input end, the other end of the back side connecting strip line (5) is connected with one end of the back side strip-shaped feed line (7), the other end of the back side strip-shaped feed line (7) is a grounding end, and the front side strip-shaped feed line (6) and the back side strip-shaped feed line (7) are positioned on the inner side of the front side dipole arm (2) opposite to the back side dipole arm (3) in the projection direction;

the front surface strip feed line (6) and the back surface strip feed line (7) are equal in size and dimension, and the front surface strip feed line (6) and the back surface strip feed line (7) are mutually overlapped in the front-back projection direction; the width of the front dipole arm (2) is 30mm, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate (1) is 0.813 mm.

2. The single printed dipole antenna as recited in claim 1, wherein: the width of the front strip feed line (6) from the outside to the inside starts from 0.2mm and ends with 1.2 mm.

3. The utility model provides a double dipole antenna with feed network which characterized in that: comprising two single printed dipole antennas according to any of claims 1-2 arranged side to side, of which two front strip feed lines (6) are arranged opposite and the inner end is connected to one end of a front input strip (8), and of which two back strip feed lines (7) are arranged opposite and the inner end is connected to one end of a back ground strip (9).

4. A double dipole antenna with feed network according to claim 3, wherein: the distance between the front dipole arm (2) and the front input stripline (8) is 3.5 mm; the distance between the back dipole arm (3) and the back ground stripline (9) is 3.5 mm.

5. A quadripole array antenna, characterized by: comprising two double-dipole antennas according to claim 3 arranged one above the other, the front parts of the four single-printed dipole antennas being connected together by a same front input stripline (8), and the back parts of the four single-printed dipole antennas being connected together by a same back ground stripline (9).

6. An eight-dipole array antenna, comprising: the four-dipole array antenna comprises two four-dipole array antennas which are arranged left and right, wherein the lower end of a front input strip line (8) in one four-dipole array antenna positioned on the left side is connected with one end on the left side of a tapered impedance transformer (10), the lower end of the front input strip line (8) in one four-dipole array antenna positioned on the right side is connected with one end on the right side of the tapered impedance transformer (10), the middle of the tapered impedance transformer (10) is connected with one end of an input microstrip line (14), and the tapered impedance transformer (10) is used for matching 50 omega input to 100 omega output; each front input strip line (8) positioned between the front dipole arm (2) and the conical impedance transformer (10) is provided with a micro-strip Tplit power divider, the micro-strip Tplit power divider comprises two parts which are symmetrical left and right, the left part comprises a bent micro-strip line (11) and a vertical micro-strip line (12), one end of the bent micro-strip line (11) is connected with the front input strip line (8), the other end of the bent micro-strip line (11) is connected with one end of the vertical micro-strip line (12), and the Tplit power divider does not have overlapping parts with the front dipole arm (2) and the back dipole arm (3) in the front-back projection direction; the lower ends of the back grounding strip lines (9) in the two four-dipole array antennas at the left side and the right side are connected with the same grounding strip (13).

7. The eight dipole array antenna of claim 6 wherein: the width Lg =10mm of the grounding strip (13), and the length Wg =100mm of the grounding strip (13).

8. The eight dipole array antenna of claim 6 wherein: the width W1=1.4mm of the input microstrip line (14); the length L1=10mm of the input microstrip line (14); the length L5=21.7mm of the bent microstrip line (11); the length L4=81.4mm of the vertical microstrip line (12).