CN215253844U

CN215253844U - Shock attenuation reinforcement type roof structure for building

Info

Publication number: CN215253844U
Application number: CN202121667861.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高红娟; 袁晓柯
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-07-22
Filing date: 2021-07-22
Publication date: 2021-12-21
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-22

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of buildings, in particular to a shock-absorbing reinforced roof structure for buildings, which comprises a base, a cross beam, a top beam, a roof slab, a shock-absorbing mechanism and a reinforcing mechanism, wherein a group of reinforcing slabs are symmetrically arranged at the top end part of the base; the utility model discloses a first telescopic link, first expanding spring, first sliding tray, first sliding block and fourth expanding spring in the damper are used for playing the effect of shock attenuation buffering, when piling up more snow on the roof top, first telescopic link and first expanding spring shrink, and roof board eave end uses the pivot post to displace downwards as the center, and first telescopic link and first expanding spring can be assisted to second telescopic link and second expanding spring, play the effect of consolidating the support.

Description

Shock attenuation reinforcement type roof structure for building

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a building technical field, concretely relates to shock attenuation reinforcement type roof structure for building.

Background

The roof is a bearing and enclosing member of the top of the building and generally consists of a roof, a heat preservation (heat insulation) layer and a bearing structure. The roof is also called as the 'fifth facade' of the building, which has a great influence on the shape and the facade image of the building, and the form of the roof directly influences the overall image of the building. The traditional sloping roof is mainly made by additionally laying various tile roofs on a wood roof truss or a steel-wood roof truss, a wood purline and a wood roof boarding; modern pitched roofs are mostly changed into reinforced concrete roof trusses (or roof beams) and roof panels, and then waterproof roofs and the like are added. The slope roof is generally big in slope, if the high-span ratio is 1/6 ~ 1/4, no matter be two slopes or four slopes, the drainage is all more unobstructed, sets up the furred ceiling down. The heat preservation and insulation effect is better.

However, the existing roof structure does not have a damping and buffering mechanism, so that on one hand, when heavy snow exists, the snow can be accumulated on the roof to cause pile pressure, and the roof cannot be cleaned in time, and on the other hand, when heavy rain weather exists, rainwater can directly fall on the roof from high altitude because the roof does not have the damping and buffering mechanism, and the roof can be damaged after long-time falling; in addition, the existing roof structure is not provided with a reinforcing mechanism, so that the firmness of the roof is reduced, and the safety performance is low.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the above-mentioned shortcoming that prior art exists, the utility model provides a shock attenuation reinforcement type roof structure for building solves the technical problem who provides among the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes: a shock-absorbing reinforced roof structure for buildings comprises a base, cross beams, top beams, roof plates, a shock-absorbing mechanism and a reinforcing mechanism, wherein a group of reinforcing plates are symmetrically arranged at the top end part of the base; the damping mechanism comprises a first telescopic rod, a first telescopic spring is sleeved outside the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod, and the top end of the first telescopic rod is connected to the top end of the roof slab in a sliding mode through a first hinge block; three groups of second telescopic rods which are matched with each other are obliquely and symmetrically arranged between the cross beam and the roof plate, and the outer side of the telescopic end of each second telescopic rod is sleeved with a second telescopic spring; the top end part of the base is provided with three bearing columns in an array mode, and the bearing columns are connected with two opposite surfaces of the reinforcing plate through cross beams to play a role in damping and buffering a roof structure;

the reinforcing mechanism comprises a third telescopic rod, a third telescopic spring is sleeved on the outer side of the telescopic end of the third telescopic rod, two sides of the top end part of the bearing column are connected with force dividing rods in a sliding mode through eighth hinging blocks, and one end part, far away from the bearing column, of each force dividing rod is connected with the bottom end part of the roof slab in an inclined mode through a ninth hinging block; the top end part of the force dividing rod is rotatably connected with a bidirectional telescopic rod through a sixth hinging block, the outer side of the middle part of the bidirectional telescopic rod is sleeved with a first extension spring, and one end part of the bidirectional telescopic rod, which is far away from the force dividing rod, is obliquely connected with the bottom end part of the roof slab through a seventh hinging block; the bottom end of the force-dividing rod is rotatably connected with a push rod through a fifth hinged block, and one end of the push rod, which is far away from the force-dividing rod, is connected inside the cross beam through a fourth hinged block in a sliding manner, so that the roof structure is reinforced.

Furthermore, rotating shaft grooves matched with the rotating shaft columns are formed in two sides of the top beam, the rotating shaft columns are connected to the inner sides of the rotating shaft grooves in a rotating mode through the rotating shafts, the outer end faces, far away from the rotating shaft grooves, of the rotating shaft columns are connected with one end portion, close to the top beam, of the roof plate, and the rotating shaft columns can rotate in the rotating shaft grooves in a small range by taking the rotating shafts as center shafts.

Furthermore, a first telescopic rod is arranged inside the top end portion of the reinforcing plate, three groups of first sliding grooves matched with each other are symmetrically formed in the bottom end portion of the roof plate, a first sliding block matched with the first sliding groove is connected inside the first sliding groove in a sliding mode, a first hinge block is fixedly connected to the bottom end portion of the first sliding block, and the top end portion of the first telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the first hinge block through a rotating shaft, so that the roof plate is damped and buffered.

Furthermore, a fourth expansion spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first sliding groove, and one end, away from the inner wall of the first sliding groove, of the fourth expansion spring is connected with one end face of the first sliding block.

Furthermore, three groups of third hinge blocks which are matched with each other are symmetrically arranged at the bottom end part of the roof plate, three groups of second hinge blocks which are matched with each other are symmetrically arranged at the top end part of the cross beam, the inner side of each second hinge block is rotatably connected with a second telescopic rod through a rotating shaft, and one end part, far away from the second hinge blocks, of each second telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of each third hinge block through the rotating shaft, so that the first telescopic rods and the first telescopic springs can be assisted to play a role in reinforcing and supporting.

Furthermore, a supporting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the top beam, a third telescopic rod is arranged between the bottom end of the supporting plate and the top end of the bearing column, second sliding grooves are formed in two sides of the top end of the bearing column, a second sliding block adaptive to the second sliding grooves is slidably connected to the inside of the second sliding groove, an eighth hinge block is fixedly connected to one end face, away from the second sliding groove, of the second sliding block, the inner side of the eighth hinge block is rotatably connected with a force dividing rod through a rotating shaft, one end portion, away from the eighth hinge block, of the force dividing rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the ninth hinge block through the rotating shaft, the ninth hinge block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the roof plate, a rubber pad is fixedly connected to the top end of the second sliding block, and the third telescopic rod and the third telescopic spring can contract along with contraction of the first telescopic rod and the first telescopic spring in the damping mechanism, the problem of damage to the roof caused by heavy rain falling on the roof for a long time is avoided, and the force dividing rod is used for sharing the acting force on the roof.

Furthermore, a sixth hinged block is fixedly connected to the top end of the force dividing rod, a bidirectional telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the sixth hinged block through a rotating shaft, one end part, far away from the sixth hinged block, of the bidirectional telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the seventh hinged block through the rotating shaft, the seventh hinged block is fixedly connected to the bottom end part of the roof plate, and can stretch along with displacement of the force dividing rod, so that the force borne by the force dividing rod is shared on one hand, and the reinforcing mechanism is reinforced and stabilized on the other hand.

Furthermore, three groups of third sliding grooves which are matched with each other are symmetrically formed in the top end portion of the cross beam, a third sliding block which is matched with the third sliding grooves is connected to the inside of the third sliding grooves in a sliding mode, a fourth hinged block is fixedly connected to the top end portion of the third sliding block, the inner side of the fourth hinged block is rotatably connected with a push rod through a rotating shaft, one end portion, far away from the fourth hinged block, of the push rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the fifth hinged block through the rotating shaft, the fifth hinged block is fixedly connected to the bottom end portion of the force dividing rod, the push rod can expand towards two sides along with displacement of the force dividing rod (the third sliding block at the bottom end portion of the push rod slides towards the outer side in the third sliding grooves), and the reinforcing mechanism and the damping mechanism perform damping buffering and support and reinforcing on the roof slab.

Furthermore, a second extension spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the third sliding groove, and one end part of the second extension spring, which is far away from the inner wall of the third sliding groove, is connected with one end surface of a third sliding block.

Furthermore, the top end of the top beam is fixedly connected with a shielding ceiling, and the width of the bottom end of the shielding ceiling is larger than that of the top beam, so that rainwater is prevented from directly entering the rotating shaft groove and affecting the normal operation and the service life of the rotating shaft column.

Adopt the utility model provides a technical scheme compares with known public technique, has following beneficial effect:

1. the utility model has the advantages that the first telescopic rod, the first telescopic spring, the first sliding groove, the first sliding block and the fourth telescopic spring in the damping mechanism are used for damping and buffering, when more accumulated snow is accumulated on the top of the roof, the first telescopic rod and the first telescopic spring are contracted, and the eave end of the roof plate is displaced downwards by taking the rotating shaft column as the center (the rotating shaft column rotates in the rotating shaft groove by a small amplitude by taking the rotating shaft as the center shaft); at the moment, the first sliding block upwards slides in the first sliding groove, the inclination of the roof plate is increased, accumulated snow on the top end of the roof plate can slide down, accumulated snow can be timely cleaned, and the accumulated snow is prevented from being accumulated on the roof plate for a long time to corrode the roof plate. In addition, the second telescopic rod and the second telescopic spring can assist the first telescopic rod and the first telescopic spring to play a role in reinforcing and supporting.

2. The utility model discloses a reinforcing mechanism who sets up is used for assisting damper shock attenuation buffering, improves the fastness of roof structure simultaneously, when meeting with heavy rain weather, the rainwater can fall on the roof from the high altitude with straight line acceleration, and third telescopic link and third expanding spring can contract along with the shrink of first telescopic link and the first expanding spring in the damper, avoid heavy rain to drop for a long time and cause the problem of damage to it on the roof; at the moment, the component force rods on the two sides of the bearing column simultaneously move downwards (the second sliding block at one end of the component force rod slides downwards in the second sliding groove), the push rod can expand towards the two sides along with the displacement of the component force rod (the third sliding block at the bottom end part of the push rod slides outwards in the third sliding groove), the reinforcing mechanism and the damping mechanism perform damping buffering and support and reinforce on the roof plate, and the safety performance of the roof structure is improved. In addition, the bidirectional telescopic rod and the first extension spring can expand and contract along with the displacement of the force dividing rod, so that on one hand, the force borne by the force dividing rod is shared, and on the other hand, the reinforcing mechanism is stably reinforced, so that the service life of a roof structure (member) is prolonged.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional front view structure of a roof of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional bottom structure of the roof of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial three-dimensional structure of a roof according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at A of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of the reinforcing mechanism of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of the force-distributing rod of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a partial three-dimensional anatomical structure of the reinforcing mechanism of the present invention;

the reference numerals in the drawings denote: 1. a base; 2. a reinforcing plate; 3. a load-bearing column; 4. a cross beam; 5. a top beam; 6. a rotating shaft column; 7. a roof deck; 8. covering a ceiling; 9. a damping mechanism; 901. a first telescopic rod; 902. a first extension spring; 903. a first sliding groove; 904. a fourth extension spring; 905. a first slider; 906. a second telescopic rod; 907. a second extension spring; 908. a first hinge block; 909. a second hinge block; 910. a third hinge block; 10. a reinforcement mechanism; 101. a third telescopic rod; 102. a third extension spring; 103. a second sliding groove; 104. a second slider; 105. a force-dividing rod; 106. a bidirectional telescopic rod; 107. a first extension spring; 108. a third sliding groove; 109. a third slider; 1010. a second extension spring; 1011. a push rod; 1012. a rubber pad; 1013. a fourth hinge block; 1014. a fifth articulated block; 1015. a sixth hinge block; 1016. a seventh hinge block; 1017. an eighth hinged block; 1018. a ninth hinge block; 11. and a support plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention are combined below to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the shock-absorbing reinforced roof structure for building of the present embodiment includes a base 1, a cross beam 4, a top beam 5, roof plates 7, a shock-absorbing mechanism 9, and a reinforcing mechanism 10, wherein a set of reinforcing plates 2 are symmetrically disposed at the top end of the base 1; the top end part of the base 1 is provided with three bearing columns 3 in an array mode, and the two opposite surfaces of the bearing columns 3 and the reinforcing plate 2 are connected through a cross beam 4; two sides of the top beam 5 are respectively provided with a rotating shaft groove which is adaptive to the rotating shaft column 6, the inner side of the rotating shaft groove is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft column 6 through a rotating shaft, and the outer end surface of the rotating shaft column 6 far away from the rotating shaft groove is connected with one end part of the roof plate 7 close to the top beam 5; the top end part of the top beam 5 is fixedly connected with a shielding ceiling 8, and the width of the bottom end part of the shielding ceiling 8 is larger than that of the top beam 5; the shock absorption mechanism 9 comprises a first telescopic rod 901, a first telescopic spring 902 is sleeved on the outer side of the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod 901, and the top end of the first telescopic rod 901 is slidably connected to the top end of the roof plate 7 through a first hinge block 908; three groups of mutually matched second telescopic rods 906 are obliquely and symmetrically arranged between the cross beam 4 and the roof plate 7, and the outer side of the telescopic end of each second telescopic rod 906 is sleeved with a second telescopic spring 907; a first telescopic rod 901 is arranged inside the top end part of the reinforcing plate 2, three groups of first sliding grooves 903 matched with each other are symmetrically formed in the bottom end part of the roof plate 7, a first sliding block 905 matched with the first sliding groove 903 is slidably connected inside the first sliding groove 903, a first hinge block 908 is fixedly connected to the bottom end part of the first sliding block 905, and the top end part of the first telescopic rod 901 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the first hinge block 908 through a rotating shaft; a fourth expansion spring 904 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first sliding groove 903, and one end of the fourth expansion spring 904, which is far away from the inner wall of the first sliding groove 903, is connected to one end face of a first sliding block 905; three sets of third hinge blocks 910 are symmetrically disposed at the bottom end of the roof slab 7, three sets of second hinge blocks 909 are symmetrically disposed at the top end of the cross beam 4, the second telescopic rod 906 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the second hinge blocks 909 through a rotating shaft, and one end of the second telescopic rod 906 far away from the second hinge blocks 909 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the third hinge blocks 910 through a rotating shaft.

When more accumulated snow is accumulated on the top of the roof, the first telescopic rod 901 and the first telescopic spring 902 are contracted, and the eave end of the roof plate 7 is displaced downwards by taking the rotating shaft column 6 as the center (the rotating shaft column 6 rotates in the rotating shaft groove by a small angle by taking the rotating shaft as the center axis); at this time, the first sliding block 905 slides upwards in the first sliding groove 903, and the inclination of the roof plate 7 is increased, so that the accumulated snow on the top end of the roof plate can slide down, the accumulated snow can be cleaned in time, and the accumulated snow is prevented from being eroded by being piled on the roof plate 7 for a long time. In addition, the second telescopic rod 906 and the second telescopic spring 907 can assist the first telescopic rod 901 and the first telescopic spring 902 to play a role in reinforcing and supporting.

As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the reinforcing mechanism 10 includes a third telescopic rod 101, a third telescopic spring 102 is sleeved outside a telescopic end of the third telescopic rod 101, two sides of a top end portion of the load-bearing column 3 are slidably connected with a force-dividing rod 105 through an eighth hinge block 1017, and an end portion of the force-dividing rod 105 far away from the load-bearing column 3 is connected with a bottom end portion of the roof plate 7 in an inclined manner through a ninth hinge block 1018; the top end part of the force dividing rod 105 is rotatably connected with a bidirectional expansion link 106 through a sixth hinge block 1015, the outer side of the middle part of the bidirectional expansion link 106 is sleeved with a first extension spring 107, and one end part of the bidirectional expansion link 106, which is far away from the force dividing rod 105, is obliquely connected with the bottom end part of the roof plate 7 through a seventh hinge block 1016; the bottom end of the force-dividing rod 105 is rotatably connected with a pushing rod 1011 through a fifth hinge block 1014, and one end of the pushing rod 1011 away from the force-dividing rod 105 is slidably connected inside the cross beam 4 through a fourth hinge block 1013; a supporting plate 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the top beam 5, a third telescopic rod 101 is arranged between the bottom end of the supporting plate 11 and the top end of the bearing column 3, second sliding grooves 103 are formed in two sides of the top end of the bearing column 3, a second sliding block 104 adaptive to the second sliding grooves 103 is slidably connected inside the second sliding grooves 103, an eighth hinge block 1017 is fixedly connected to one end face, away from the second sliding grooves 103, of the second sliding block 104, the inner side of the eighth hinge block 1017 is rotatably connected with a force dividing rod 105 through a rotating shaft, one end, away from the eighth hinge block 1017, of the force dividing rod 105 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the ninth hinge block 1018 through the rotating shaft, the ninth hinge block 1018 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the roof plate 7, and a rubber pad 1012 is fixedly connected to the top end of the second sliding block 104; the top end part of the force dividing rod 105 is fixedly connected with a sixth hinge block 1015, the inner side of the sixth hinge block 1015 is rotatably connected with a bidirectional telescopic rod 106 through a rotating shaft, one end part of the bidirectional telescopic rod 106 far away from the sixth hinge block 1015 is rotatably connected with the inner side of a seventh hinge block 1016 through the rotating shaft, and the seventh hinge block 1016 is fixedly connected with the bottom end part of the roof plate 7; three sets of mutually matched third sliding grooves 108 are symmetrically formed in the top end portion of the cross beam 4, a third sliding block 109 matched with the third sliding grooves 108 is connected in the third sliding grooves 108 in a sliding mode, a fourth hinge block 1013 is fixedly connected to the top end portion of the third sliding block 109, the inner side of the fourth hinge block 1013 is rotatably connected with a pushing rod 1011 through a rotating shaft, one end portion, far away from the fourth hinge block 1013, of the pushing rod 1011 is rotatably connected to the inner side of a fifth hinge block 1014 through the rotating shaft, and the fifth hinge block 1014 is fixedly connected to the bottom end portion of the force dividing rod 105; a second extension spring 1010 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the third sliding groove 108, and one end of the second extension spring 1010, which is far away from the inner wall of the third sliding groove 108, is connected to one end face of the third sliding block 109.

When rainstorm weather occurs, rainwater can fall on a roof from high altitude in a linear acceleration manner, the third telescopic rod 101 and the third telescopic spring 102 can contract along with the contraction of the first telescopic rod 901 and the first telescopic spring 902 in the shock absorption mechanism 9, and the problem that the rainstorm falls on the roof for a long time to damage the roof is avoided; at this time, the force-dividing rods 105 on both sides of the load-bearing column 3 simultaneously displace downward (the second sliding block 104 at one end of the force-dividing rod 105 slides downward in the second sliding groove 103), the pushing rods 1011 expand toward both sides along with the displacement of the force-dividing rods 105 (the third sliding block 109 at the bottom end of the pushing rods 1011 slides outward in the third sliding groove 108), and the reinforcing mechanism 10 and the damping mechanism 9 perform damping and buffering and simultaneously support and reinforce the roof plate 7, thereby improving the safety performance of the roof structure. Further, the two-way telescopic rod 106 and the first extension spring 107 expand and contract with the displacement of the force-dividing rod 105, and on one hand, share the ground force received by the force-dividing rod 105, and on the other hand, stabilize the reinforcing mechanism 10.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a shock attenuation reinforcement type roof structure for building, includes base (1), crossbeam (4), back timber (5), shingle (7), damper (9) and strengthening mechanism (10), its characterized in that: a group of reinforcing plates (2) are symmetrically arranged at the top end part of the base (1); the damping mechanism (9) comprises a first telescopic rod (901), a first telescopic spring (902) is sleeved on the outer side of the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod (901), and the top end of the first telescopic rod (901) is connected to the top end of the roof plate (7) in a sliding mode through a first hinge block (908); three groups of mutually matched second telescopic rods (906) are obliquely and symmetrically arranged between the cross beam (4) and the roof plate (7), and the outer side of the telescopic end of each second telescopic rod (906) is sleeved with a second telescopic spring (907); the top end part of the base (1) is provided with three bearing columns (3) in an array mode, and the two opposite surfaces of the bearing columns (3) and the reinforcing plate (2) are connected through a cross beam (4);

the reinforcing mechanism (10) comprises a third telescopic rod (101), a third telescopic spring (102) is sleeved on the outer side of the telescopic end of the third telescopic rod (101), two sides of the top end of the bearing column (3) are connected with a force dividing rod (105) through eighth hinging blocks (1017) in a sliding mode, and one end, far away from the bearing column (3), of the force dividing rod (105) is connected with the bottom end of the roof plate (7) in an inclined mode through a ninth hinging block (1018); the top end of the force dividing rod (105) is rotatably connected with a bidirectional telescopic rod (106) through a sixth hinging block (1015), the outer side of the middle part of the bidirectional telescopic rod (106) is sleeved with a first extension spring (107), and one end part, far away from the force dividing rod (105), of the bidirectional telescopic rod (106) is obliquely connected with the bottom end part of the roof plate (7) through a seventh hinging block (1016); the bottom end of the force dividing rod (105) is rotatably connected with a pushing rod (1011) through a fifth hinge block (1014), and one end of the pushing rod (1011) far away from the force dividing rod (105) is slidably connected inside the cross beam (4) through a fourth hinge block (1013).

2. The roof structure of claim 1, wherein the top beam (5) has a rotation shaft slot corresponding to the rotation shaft column (6) on both sides, the rotation shaft column (6) is rotatably connected to the inside of the rotation shaft slot, and the outer end surface of the rotation shaft column (6) far away from the rotation shaft slot is connected to one end of the roof plate (7) close to the top beam (5).

3. The roof structure of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing plate (2) has a first telescopic rod (901) inside the top end, the roof plate (7) has three sets of first sliding grooves (903) symmetrically formed in the bottom end, the first sliding grooves (903) have a first sliding block (905) inside, the first sliding block (905) is adapted to the first sliding grooves, the first hinge block (908) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first sliding block (905), and the top end of the first telescopic rod (901) is rotatably connected to the inside of the first hinge block (908) through a rotating shaft.

4. A shock-absorbing and reinforcing roof structure for building according to claim 3, wherein a fourth expansion spring (904) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first sliding groove (903), and an end of the fourth expansion spring (904) away from the inner wall of the first sliding groove (903) is connected to one end face of the first sliding block (905).

5. A shock-absorbing and reinforcing roof structure for building according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the roof plate (7) is symmetrically provided with three sets of third hinge blocks (910) engaged with each other, the top end of the cross beam (4) is symmetrically provided with three sets of second hinge blocks (909) engaged with each other, the inner side of the second hinge blocks (909) is rotatably connected with the second telescopic rod (906) through the rotating shaft, and one end of the second telescopic rod (906) far away from the second hinge blocks (909) is rotatably connected with the inner side of the third hinge blocks (910) through the rotating shaft.

6. The roof structure of claim 1, wherein a supporting plate (11) is fixedly connected to a bottom end of the top beam (5), a third telescopic rod (101) is disposed between the bottom end of the supporting plate (11) and a top end of the bearing column (3), second sliding grooves (103) are formed in both sides of the top end of the bearing column (3), a second sliding block (104) adapted to the second sliding groove (103) is slidably connected to an inner side of the second sliding groove (103), an eighth hinge block (1017) is fixedly connected to an end face of the second sliding block (104) far away from the second sliding groove (103), a force dividing rod (105) is rotatably connected to an inner side of the eighth hinge block (1017) through a rotating shaft, and an end portion of the force dividing rod (105) far away from the eighth hinge block (1017) is rotatably connected to an inner side of the ninth hinge block (1018) through a rotating shaft, and the ninth hinging block (1018) is fixedly connected with the bottom end part of the roof plate (7), and the top end part of the second sliding block (104) is fixedly connected with a rubber pad (1012).

7. The roof structure of claim 1, wherein a sixth hinge block (1015) is fixedly connected to the top end of the force-dividing rod (105), a bi-directional expansion rod (106) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the sixth hinge block (1015) through a rotation shaft, an end of the bi-directional expansion rod (106) far away from the sixth hinge block (1015) is rotatably connected to the inner side of a seventh hinge block (1016) through a rotation shaft, and the seventh hinge block (1016) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the roof plate (7).

8. The roof structure of claim 1, wherein the top end of the cross beam (4) is symmetrically provided with three sets of third sliding grooves (108) matching with each other, the third sliding grooves (108) are slidably connected with the third sliding blocks (109) in a matching manner, the top end of the third sliding blocks (109) is fixedly connected with a fourth hinged block (1013), the inner side of the fourth hinged block (1013) is rotatably connected with a pushing rod (1011) through a rotating shaft, one end of the pushing rod (1011) far away from the fourth hinged block (1013) is rotatably connected with the inner side of a fifth hinged block (1014) through a rotating shaft, and the fifth hinged block (1014) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the force-dividing rod (105).

9. A roof structure with shock-absorbing and reinforcing functions for buildings according to claim 8, wherein the inner wall of the third sliding groove (108) is fixedly connected with a second tension spring (1010), and one end of the second tension spring (1010) far away from the inner wall of the third sliding groove (108) is connected with one end face of the third sliding block (109).

10. The roof structure of claim 1, wherein the top end of the top beam (5) is fixedly connected with a shielding ceiling (8), and the width of the bottom end of the shielding ceiling (8) is larger than that of the top beam (5).