CN215205340U

CN215205340U - Unmanned aerial vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN215205340U
Application number: CN202120472130.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋建平; 王建磊
Original assignee: Shenzhen Autel Intelligent Aviation Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Autel Intelligent Aviation Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-04
Filing date: 2021-03-04
Publication date: 2021-12-17
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-04
Also published as: WO2022184145A1

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to aircraft technical field, disclose an unmanned vehicles, include: a body; the driving assembly comprises a motor and a propeller, the motor is mounted on the machine body, the propeller is mounted on the motor, and the motor is used for driving the propeller to rotate; the control module is arranged on the machine body and is electrically connected with the motor; the feeder line is electrically connected with the control module; the antenna comprises a first resonance unit, the first resonance unit is installed in the machine body, the first resonance unit is electrically connected with the motor, the first resonance unit and the motor are jointly used as a resonator and used for generating signals of a first frequency band or/and receiving signals of the first frequency band sent outside, the length of the antenna is further increased, the gain of the antenna is improved, and the requirement of full coverage of the signals can be met while the requirement of small size and light weight of the unmanned aerial vehicle is met.

Description

Unmanned aerial vehicle

Technical Field

The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to aircraft technical field, especially relate to an unmanned vehicles.

Background

The unmanned aerial vehicle is called as an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for short, a built-in flight control system can realize accurate positioning hovering and autonomous stable flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle under the control of a ground station and the synergistic effect of a link, wherein the link is responsible for the communication between the aircraft and the ground station, flight data on the aircraft are transmitted to the ground station in real time through various communication modes, and control signals sent by the ground station can be transmitted to the aircraft, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle flies according to set instructions.

At present, the link mainly includes a transceiver antenna disposed at the ground station and a transceiver antenna disposed at the unmanned aerial vehicle, and communication between the aircraft and the ground station is realized by transmitting uplink and downlink signals between the transceiver antennas.

In the process of implementing the present invention, the inventor finds that: in order to meet the requirement of small size and light weight of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the antenna on the unmanned aerial vehicle is usually hidden in the fuselage, but due to the size limitation of the fuselage, the optimal length of the antenna cannot be achieved, the antenna gain is low, and the requirement of full signal coverage cannot be met.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the utility model provides a aim at providing an antenna and unmanned vehicles, increased the effective length of antenna to make it reach the best length of antenna, when satisfying the small-size lightweight demand of unmanned vehicles, also can satisfy the requirement of signal full coverage.

In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention adopts a technical solution that: provided is an unmanned aerial vehicle including: a body; the driving assembly comprises a motor and a propeller, the motor is mounted on the machine body, the propeller is mounted on the motor, and the motor is used for driving the propeller to rotate; the control module is arranged on the machine body and is electrically connected with the motor; the feeder line is electrically connected with the control module; the antenna comprises a first resonance unit, wherein the first resonance unit is arranged on the machine body and electrically connected with the motor, and the first resonance unit and the motor are jointly used as a resonator and used for resonating to generate a signal of a first frequency band and/or receiving a signal of the first frequency band transmitted from the outside.

Optionally, the machine body includes a machine body, a pan-tilt head, a machine arm and a support frame; the cloud platform set up in on the fuselage, the one end of horn connect in the fuselage, and the other end of horn is installed the motor, the other end of horn is by being close to the motor is to keeping away from the direction of motor extends there the support frame, first resonance unit install in the support frame.

Optionally, the first resonance unit and the motor are both located in the axial direction of the support frame, the first resonance unit has a first center frequency, and the total length of the first resonance unit and the motor is a quarter wavelength or a multiple thereof of an electromagnetic wave of the first center frequency.

Optionally, the antenna further comprises a second resonance unit; the second resonance unit is arranged on the support frame and is used for generating a signal of a second frequency band in a resonance mode or receiving an externally sent signal of the second frequency band, wherein the second frequency band is different from the first frequency band; the feeder line includes an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the outer conductor is connected to the first resonance unit, and the inner conductor is connected to the second resonance unit.

Optionally, the first frequency band is 890MHz to 940MHz, and the second frequency band is 2.26GHz to 2.56 GHz.

Optionally, the outer conductor is disposed coaxially with the inner conductor.

Optionally, the second resonance unit has a second center frequency, and the total length of the second resonance unit is a quarter wavelength or a multiple thereof of the electromagnetic wave of the second center frequency.

Optionally the antenna further comprises an insulating plate; the first resonance unit and the second resonance unit are arranged on the insulating plate, and the insulating plate is arranged on the supporting frame.

Optionally, the insulating plate includes a first surface and a second surface, and the first resonant unit and the second resonant unit are disposed on the first surface and/or the second surface.

Optionally, the antenna further comprises a good conductor; the good conductor is arranged on the horn, one end of the good conductor is connected to the motor, and the other end of the good conductor is connected to the first resonance unit.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a beneficial effect is: be different from prior art's condition, the embodiment of the utility model provides a pair of antenna and unmanned vehicles regards motor and first resonance unit as the syntonizer of antenna jointly for the signal of first frequency channel is produced in the resonance or receives the signal of the first frequency channel of outside transmission, has increased the effective length of antenna, and then has improved antenna gain, when satisfying the small-size lightweight demand of unmanned vehicles, also can satisfy the requirement of signal full coverage.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for a person skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of a horn and support frame portion of the UAV of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a motor structure of a drive assembly of the UAV of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna of the UAV of FIG. 2 connected to a feed line;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of impedance changes of a first resonance unit and a second resonance unit of the antenna of the UAV of FIG. 1 under electromagnetic wave induction;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of scattering parameters of a first resonant cell of the antenna of the UAV of FIG. 1;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of scattering parameters of a second resonant cell of the antenna of the unmanned aerial vehicle of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "affixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like as used herein are for descriptive purposes only.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Referring to fig. 1, an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a body 10, a driving assembly 20, a control module (not shown), an antenna 30, a feeder 40, and a good conductor 50. The control module, the antenna 30 and the feeder line 40 are all installed in the machine body 10, the driving component 20 is installed on the machine body 10 through the good conductor 50, the driving component 20 is connected to the control module, and the control module is further connected to the antenna 30 through the feeder line 40, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle can communicate with a ground station, flight data on the unmanned aerial vehicle are transmitted to the ground station in real time, a control signal sent by the ground station can be transmitted to the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the unmanned aerial vehicle can fly according to a set instruction.

With reference to fig. 2, the main body 10 further includes a main body 100, an arm 110, a support frame 120 and a cradle head 130, the cradle head 130 is disposed on the main body 100 and is located at an end of the main body 100, the cradle head 130 is used for connecting with a control module, so that the cradle head 130 scans and monitors a surrounding space of the main body 100 according to a predetermined command, the arm 110 is located at one side of the main body 100 and is disposed along a length direction of the main body 100, a screw hole (not shown) is disposed at an end of the arm 110 away from the main body 100, the screw hole is used for passing a good conductor 50, so as to mount the driving element 20 on the arm 110, the support frame 120 extends from the end of the arm 110 away from the main body 100 to a direction away from the driving element 20, wherein the main body 100 is used for accommodating the control module, the arm 110 is used for accommodating the feeder line 40, and the support frame 120 is used for accommodating the antenna 30.

As for the above-mentioned driving assembly 20, please refer to fig. 2 with reference to fig. 3, the driving assembly 20 includes a motor 200 and a propeller (not shown), the motor 200 includes a motor stator 210, a motor rotor 220 and a bearing (not shown), the motor stator 210 is fixed at one end of the horn 110 far away from the fuselage 100, the motor stator 210 is located above the supporting frame 120, the motor rotor 220 is rotatably installed in the motor stator 210 through the bearing, the propeller is further sleeved on the motor rotor 220, wherein both the motor stator 210 and the motor rotor 220 can be used for connecting with the antenna 30, and the motor rotor 220 is further used for connecting with the control module, specifically, the motor stator 210 further includes a motor stator main body 211 and a connecting portion 212, the connecting portion 212 is located at one end of the motor stator main body 211 far away from the propeller, and both the connecting portion 212 and the motor stator main body 211 are arranged around a rotating shaft of the motor rotor 220, the connecting portion 212 is provided with a nut column 213, and the nut column 213 is used for the good conductor 50 to match, so as to fix the motor stator main body 211 on the horn 110. For convenience of illustration, in the embodiment of the present invention, an end of the motor stator body 211 close to the propeller of the unmanned aerial vehicle is defined as a top of the motor 200, and an end of the motor stator 210 far from the propeller of the unmanned aerial vehicle is defined as a bottom of the motor 200.

It should be understood that, in order to firmly fix the motor stator main body 211 on the horn 110, in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the nut columns 213 of the connecting portion 212 is three, and the three nut columns 213 surround the rotating shaft of the motor rotor 220 and are arranged in an equilateral triangle, but in other embodiments of the present invention, the number of the nut columns 213 is not limited to three, but may be more than three, and a plurality of nut columns 213 all surround the rotating shaft of the motor rotor 220 and the distance between two adjacent nut columns 213 is equal, of course, according to the actual use requirement, the number of the nut columns 213 may also be one or two.

It should also be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the motor 200 is used as the resonator of the antenna 30, on one hand, because the motor stator 210 itself is one of the components of the structure of the unmanned aerial vehicle, which ensures the compactness of the structure of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the aesthetic appearance thereof, on the other hand, while effectively increasing the length of the extension first resonance unit 310, the motor rotor 220 can also achieve 360-degree radiation to the surrounding space due to the feature of being rotatable relative to the motor stator 210, and of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the motor 200 may not be used as the resonator of the antenna 30, for example, a circuit board and a resonance unit may be used instead, the resonance unit is disposed on the circuit board, the circuit board is fixed to the body 100 portion of the unmanned aerial vehicle or mounted to the wing portion of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and, in addition, in another embodiment of the present invention, in order to combine the compactness of the structure of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the aesthetic property of the appearance thereof, the horn 110 portion of the unmanned aerial vehicle may be made of a metal material, the horn 110 portion of the unmanned aerial vehicle is used as a resonator of the antenna 30, the first resonance unit 310 is connected to the horn 110 portion of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the good conductor 50, or the first resonance unit 310 is directly connected to the horn 110 portion of the unmanned aerial vehicle, so as to increase the effective length of the first resonance unit 310.

For the above control module, the control module is accommodated in the fuselage 100, the control module may be composed of electronic components such as an MCU, and the control module includes various types of control modules, for example, a flight control module connected to the motor rotor 220 to control the flight attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle, a beidou module for navigating the unmanned aerial vehicle, and a data processing module connected to the motor stator 210 to process the environmental information obtained by the relevant onboard device.

As for the antenna 30, please refer to fig. 2 with reference to fig. 4, the antenna 30 includes an insulating plate 300, a first resonant unit 310 and a second resonant unit 320, the insulating plate 300 is accommodated in the supporting frame 120, and both the first resonant unit 310 and the second resonant unit 320 are disposed on the insulating plate 300. For convenience of illustration, the antenna 30 in the embodiment of the present invention is exemplified by an omnidirectional antenna 30, and it should be understood that, in other embodiments of the present invention, the antenna 30 may also be a directional antenna 30 according to actual use needs.

Specifically, the insulating plate 300 includes an insulating plate main body 301, a first surface 301a and a second surface 301b, the insulating plate main body 301 is substantially in an inverted trapezoid plate-shaped structure, and a vertical cross-sectional shape of the insulating plate main body 301 matches a vertical cross-sectional shape of the support frame 120, that is, each side wall of the insulating plate main body 301 is parallel to each inner side wall of the support frame 120, the first surface 301a and the second surface 301b are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the insulating plate main body 301, the first resonant unit 310 and the second resonant unit 320 are disposed on the first surface 301a, preferably, the first resonant unit 310 and the second resonant unit 320 are both disposed on the first surface 301a, wherein the first resonant unit 310 is provided with a first feeding portion connected to the feeder line 40, the second resonant unit 320 is provided with a second feeding portion connected to the feeder line 40, the first surface 301a is provided with a via hole (not shown), the via hole passes through the first feeding part of the first resonance unit 310, the connection circuit is embedded in the inner layer of the insulation board main body 301, the second surface 301b is provided with a solder joint, one end of the connection circuit is connected to the via hole, and the other end of the connection circuit is connected to the solder joint, so that the via hole, the connection circuit and the solder joint form a conductive loop together.

The first resonant unit 310 includes a first main body 311 and a first extension 312, the first main body 311 extends from one end of the insulating plate 300 close to the bottom of the motor 200 to one end of the insulating plate 300 away from the bottom of the motor 200, a first feeding part is disposed at one end of the first main body 311 close to the bottom of the motor 200, one end of the first main body 311 away from the bottom of the motor 200 is connected to the first extension 312, and the first extension 312 is substantially pentagonal.

The second resonant unit 320 includes a second main body portion 321 and a second extending portion 322, the second main body portion 321 is disposed adjacent to the first main body portion 311, the second main body portion 321 extends to a side away from the first main body portion 311 in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first main body portion 311, and then extends to one end of the insulating plate 300 away from the bottom of the motor 200 in a direction parallel to the extending direction of the first main body portion 311, a second feed-in portion is disposed at one end of the second main body portion 321 close to the bottom of the motor 200, the second feed-in portion and the first feed-in portion are located on the same axis, one end of the second main body portion 321 away from the bottom of the motor 200 is connected to the second extending portion 322, the second extending portion 322 is substantially V-shaped, preferably, the number of the second main body portion 321 and the second extending portion 322 is two, and one main body portion and one second extending portion 322 are mirror-symmetric to the other main body portion and the second extending portion 322 along the axis formed by the second feed-in portion and the first feed-in portion.

It should be noted that the insulating plate 300 is an insulating medium, for example, a substrate made of polycarbonate or a material of FR4 grade, wherein FR4 is a code of a flame-retardant material grade, which means a material specification that the resin material must be self-extinguishing after burning, and it is not a material name but a material grade, and there are a very large variety of FR4 grade materials used at present, for example, a composite material made of so-called four-functional epoxy resin plus filler and glass fiber. In addition, the first resonance unit 310 has a first center frequency, for example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the total length of the first resonance unit 310 and the motor 200 is preferably a quarter wavelength or a multiple of the electromagnetic wave of the first center frequency, the second resonance unit 320 has a second center frequency, and the length of the second resonance unit 320 is preferably a quarter wavelength or a multiple of the electromagnetic wave of the second center frequency, so the first frequency band or the second frequency band can be finely adjusted by adjusting the shape and size of the first resonance unit 310 and the second resonance unit 320, and finally, the size of other parts of the antenna 30, for example, the ground component, is finely adjusted to optimize the matching.

It should be understood that the first resonance unit 310 and the second resonance unit 320 are both metal sheets. The two resonators can be formed on the same surface of the insulating plate 300 by photolithography and etching, but in other embodiments of the present invention, a metal sheet can be made into the resonators and then fixed on the surface of the insulating plate 300. In addition, the first extension 312 and the second extension 322 are not limited to the above shapes, and only need to utilize the space on the upper first surface 301a as much as possible, and it should be understood that the antenna 30 may not include the insulating plate 300, that is, the first resonant unit 310 and the second resonant unit 320 are accommodated in the supporting frame 120 in an exposed manner.

For the above-mentioned feeder 40, the feeder 40 is accommodated in the horn 110, the feeder 40 includes an outer conductor 41 and an inner conductor 42, one end of the outer conductor 41 and one end of the inner conductor 42 are both connected to the control module, the other end of the outer conductor 41 is connected to the second feeding portion, the other end of the inner conductor 42 passes through the via hole to communicate with the first feeding portion and one end of the connection line, preferably, the feeder 40 is a coaxial cable, one end of the feeder 40 is stripped of the outer jacket and the braid to obtain the outer conductor 41, the insulation layer is stripped continuously to obtain the outer conductor 41, and the insulation layer can be connected to the ground of the control module.

For the good conductor 50, the good conductor 50 is located below the connection portion 212, the good conductor 50 is used for generating a first frequency band for feeding signals transmitted and received by the feeder line to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves outwards and transmit the feeding signals to the motor 200, specifically, the good conductor 50 includes a first conductor 51 and a second conductor 52, one end of the first conductor 51 is connected to the connection portion 212, the other end of the first conductor 51 is connected to the insulation board 300 and fixed at the welding point, and the first conductor 51 passes through a screw hole located on the horn along the direction away from the bottom of the motor 200 to the direction close to the bottom of the motor 200 and is screwed and fixed on the nut column 213, so as to fix the motor 200 on the horn of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

It should be understood that, in order to satisfy the demand that first electric conductor 51 can be enough electrically conductive, can fix again, and the demand that second electric conductor 52 can electrically conduct, in the embodiment of the utility model, first electric conductor 51 is the metal screw, and second electric conductor 52 is electrically conductive cotton, of course, in the other embodiments of the utility model, first electric conductor 51 is not restricted to electrically conductive cotton, also can adopt other modes such as wire, spring, shell fragment or soldering tin to realize electrically conductive, in addition, in the embodiment of the utility model discloses a mode that the spiro union is fixed realizes that motor stator 210 detachably is fixed in the foot rest, nevertheless in the other embodiments of the utility model, can also adopt riveted mode detachably to be fixed in on the foot rest, connecting portion 212 rivets on good conductor 50 promptly.

It should also be understood that, in order to enhance the stability of the unmanned aerial vehicle during flying, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first conductive body 51 is installed in the screw hole of the nut column 213 by a metal screw, which achieves the purpose of reducing air resistance due to the streamlined body 100 of the unmanned aerial vehicle during flying, but in other embodiments of the present invention, if only from the perspective of connecting the first resonance unit 310 and the second resonance unit 320, the connection between the first resonance unit 310 and the second resonance unit 320 may not be achieved through the good conductor 50, that is, the motor stator main body 211 is directly connected to the second resonance unit 320.

For the convenience of the reader to understand the present invention, please refer to fig. 5, and refer to fig. 6 and fig. 7 together, fig. 5 is an impedance variation diagram of the first resonance unit 310 and the second resonance unit 320 of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna 30 in the case of electromagnetic wave induction according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is obtained by actual measurement, as shown in fig. 4, the first frequency band of the first resonance unit 310 is 890MHz to 940MHz, the first center frequency is 900MHz, the second frequency band is 2.26GHz to 2.56GHz, the second center frequency is 2.4GHz, and as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna 30 can respectively satisfy the common omnidirectional coverage of 900MHz and 2.4GHz bands.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, regard as the syntonizer of antenna 30 with motor 200 and first resonance unit 310 jointly for the signal of first frequency channel is produced in the resonance or the signal of the first frequency channel of receiving outside transmission has increased antenna 30's effective length, and then has improved antenna 30 gain, when satisfying unmanned vehicles small-size lightweight demand, also can satisfy the requirement of signal full coverage.

The above only is the embodiment of the present invention, not limiting the patent scope of the present invention, all the equivalent structures or equivalent processes that are used in the specification and the attached drawings or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising:

a body;

the driving assembly comprises a motor and a propeller, the motor is mounted on the machine body, the propeller is mounted on the motor, and the motor is used for driving the propeller to rotate;

the control module is arranged on the machine body and is electrically connected with the motor;

the feeder line is electrically connected with the control module;

the antenna comprises a first resonance unit, wherein the first resonance unit is arranged on the machine body and electrically connected with the motor, and the first resonance unit and the motor are jointly used as a resonator and used for resonating to generate a signal of a first frequency band or/and receiving a signal of the first frequency band sent from the outside.

2. The unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 1,

the machine body comprises a machine body, a holder, a machine arm and a support frame;

the cloud platform set up in on the fuselage, the one end of horn connect in the fuselage, the other end of horn is installed the motor, and the other end of horn is by being close to the motor is to keeping away from the direction of motor extends there the support frame, first resonance unit install in the support frame.

3. The UAV according to claim 2 wherein the first resonance unit and the motor are both in an axial direction of the support frame, the first resonance unit has a first center frequency, and a total length of the first resonance unit and the motor is a quarter wavelength or a multiple thereof of an electromagnetic wave of the first center frequency.

4. The UAV according to claim 2 wherein the antenna further comprises a second resonating unit;

the second resonance unit is arranged on the support frame and is used for generating a signal of a second frequency band in a resonance mode or receiving an externally sent signal of the second frequency band, wherein the second frequency band is different from the first frequency band;

the feeder line includes an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the outer conductor is connected to the first resonance unit, and the inner conductor is connected to the second resonance unit.

5. The UAV according to claim 4 wherein the first frequency band is 890-940 MHz and the second frequency band is 2.26-2.56 GHz.

6. The UAV of claim 4 wherein the outer conductor is disposed coaxially with the inner conductor.

7. The UAV according to claim 4 wherein the second resonance unit has a second center frequency and the second resonance unit has a total length of one quarter wavelength or a multiple thereof of the electromagnetic wave at the second center frequency.

8. The UAV of claim 4 wherein the antenna further comprises an insulating plate;

the first resonance unit and the second resonance unit are arranged on the insulating plate, and the insulating plate is arranged on the supporting frame.

9. The UAV according to claim 8 wherein the insulating plate comprises a first surface and a second surface, the first and second resonant cells being disposed on the first and/or second surface.

10. The UAV of claim 8 wherein the antenna further comprises a good conductor;

the good conductor is arranged on the horn, one end of the good conductor is connected to the motor, and the other end of the good conductor is connected to the first resonance unit.