WO2022199361A1

WO2022199361A1 - Antenna, antenna debugging method, external antenna structure, and unmanned aerial vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2022199361A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/079354
Authority: WO
Inventors: 宋建平; 王建磊
Original assignee: 深圳市道通智能航空技术股份有限公司
Priority date: 2021-03-22
Filing date: 2022-03-04
Publication date: 2022-09-29
Also published as: CN112909504A

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of antennas, and in particular to an antenna, an antenna debugging method, an external antenna structure, and an unmanned aerial vehicle. The antenna comprises: a substrate having at least one flat substrate surface; and a first radiating part disposed on the substrate surface, the first radiating part comprising a first vibrator and a second vibrator which face opposite directions, the first vibrator and the second vibrator comprising vibrator bodies constituted by a plurality of enclosing structures, wherein adjacent enclosing structures have at least an overlapped portion to form a through vibrator body, and one or more of the enclosing structures constituting the vibrator bodies are provided with openings, so that the vibrator bodies form a curved serpentine-like structure. The antenna uses a reasonable wiring and structural design, and can meet use requirements of a multiband antenna on a substrate with a small volume. Moreover, a wiring mode for making an antenna debugging process simpler and faster is provided.

Description

Antenna, debugging method thereof, external antenna structure and unmanned aerial vehicle

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed on March 22, 2021 with the application number 2021103026821 and the application name "Antenna, its debugging method, external antenna structure and unmanned aerial vehicle", the entire contents of which are Incorporated herein by reference.

【Technical field】

The invention relates to the technical field of antenna structures, in particular to an antenna, a debugging method thereof, an external antenna structure and an unmanned aerial vehicle.

【Background technique】

Antenna is a key component used to realize the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave wireless signals. Its performance has a major impact on devices such as drones that require long-range wireless data transmission. With the continuous development of society, more and more frequency bands are used in wireless transmission, and the demand for multi-band antennas is increasing.

When the frequencies of multiple antenna frequency bands are relatively close, it is often necessary to use antennas with complex structural designs to meet the needs of use.

However, these antennas with complex structural designs are difficult to apply to small products such as drones and remote controllers that are sensitive to size and structure. Moreover, it also increases the difficulty of the antenna debugging process and the time required for the debugging.

[Content of the invention]

The embodiments of the present invention aim to provide an antenna, a debugging method thereof, an external antenna structure and an unmanned aerial vehicle, which can solve the defects of the existing multi-frequency antenna.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: an antenna. The antenna includes:

a substrate having at least one flat substrate surface;

a first radiating portion disposed on the surface of the substrate, the first radiating portion comprising: a first vibrator and a second vibrator facing opposite;

The first vibrator and the second vibrator include: a vibrator main body composed of several enclosed structures;

Wherein, at least a part of the adjacent enclosed structures overlap to form a connected vibrator main body; one or more of the enclosed structures constituting the vibrator main body are provided with openings, so that the vibrator main body is formed Curved serpentine structure.

Optionally, the enclosed structure is a rectangle composed of a pair of long sides and a pair of wide sides, and the long sides of two adjacent enclosed structures overlap.

Optionally, the first vibrator and the second vibrator also include:

a connecting part that communicates the vibrator main body and the feed line; and a vibrator tail end formed by gathering the ends of the vibrator main body away from the connecting part.

Optionally, the vibrator bodies of the first vibrator and the second vibrator are symmetrically distributed; the vibrator tail of the first vibrator is arc-shaped; the vibrator tail of the second vibrator is square.

Optionally, the enclosing structure adjacent to the first vibrator and the tail end is provided with an opening facing the inner side of the substrate.

Optionally, the antenna further includes: a second radiating portion disposed on the surface of the substrate;

The second radiation part includes: a third vibrator and a fourth vibrator facing oppositely;

The third vibrator and the fourth vibrator include: a vibrating body provided with bending parts at two ends and a pair of vibrating arms formed by extending the bending parts by a predetermined length; The extension part extending in the direction forms a flag-shaped structure with the vibrating arm.

Optionally, the antenna further includes: a third radiating portion disposed on the surface of the substrate; the third radiating portion includes: a fifth vibrator and a sixth vibrator facing oppositely; the fifth vibrator and the sixth vibrator It includes: a vibrating body provided with bending parts at two ends and a pair of vibrating arms formed by extending the bending parts to a predetermined length.

Optionally, the vibrating body of the third vibrator is a part of the vibrating body of the fifth vibrator; the vibrating body of the fourth vibrator is a part of the vibrating body of the sixth vibrator.

Optionally, the total length of the first vibrator is between 1/8 and 3/4 of the low frequency resonance wavelength; the total length of the vibrating body and the vibrating arm of the third vibrator is between 1/8 and 3/4 of the intermediate frequency resonance wavelength. 3/4; the total length of the vibrating body and the vibrating arm of the fifth vibrator is between 1/8 and 3/4 of the high-frequency resonance wavelength.

Optionally, the first vibrator, the third vibrator and the fifth vibrator are front vibrators facing opposite to the extension direction of the feeder, and the second vibrator, the fourth vibrator and the sixth vibrator are towards the extension direction of the feeder the same rear vibrator;

The front vibrator is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line, and the rear vibrator is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial line.

Optionally, the frequency band corresponding to the first radiation part is 900MHz, the frequency band corresponding to the second radiation part is 2.4GHz, and the frequency band corresponding to the third radiation part is 5.8GHz.

To solve the above technical problem, the embodiments of the present invention further provide the following technical solution: an antenna debugging method. The antenna tuning method is applied to the antenna as described above. The method includes:

The total length of the first vibrator and/or the second vibrator is changed by adjusting the number of the enclosing structures with openings in the several enclosing structures constituting the vibrator main body.

To solve the above technical problem, the embodiments of the present invention further provide the following technical solution: an external antenna structure. The external antenna structure includes:

The antenna as described above; an antenna casing wrapped outside the antenna; a pin shaft arranged at one end of the antenna casing; The connector rotates around the pin.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention also provide the following technical solutions: a drone. The drone includes: a fuselage on which a plurality of propellers are arranged; a motor mounted on the fuselage for driving the propellers to rotate and providing flight power for the drone; as described above The antenna is installed on the fuselage.

The antenna of the embodiment of the present invention adopts a reasonable wiring and structural design, and can meet the usage requirements of a multi-band antenna on a substrate with a small volume. Moreover, through the unique wiring method, the process of antenna debugging is simpler and faster, which effectively saves the time of antenna debugging.

【Description of drawings】

One or more embodiments are exemplified by the pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplifications do not constitute limitations of the embodiments, and elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements, Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the accompanying drawings do not constitute a scale limitation.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a third vibrator and a fifth vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second vibrator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an S parameter of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a directional diagram of an antenna in a low frequency band provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a directional diagram of an antenna in an intermediate frequency band provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a directional diagram of an antenna in a high frequency band provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an external antenna structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

【Detailed ways】

In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween. The terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "bottom" and other terms used in this specification indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention. The invention and simplified description do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used in the description of the present invention in this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not used to limit the present invention. As used in this specification, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the antenna mainly includes a substrate 10 serving as an antenna structure foundation or base, a radiating portion (21, 22, 23) composed of a plurality of vibrators with specific structural shapes arranged on the surface of the substrate, and connected to the vibrators , forming the feeder 30 of the feed point and the ground point.

Wherein, the substrate can be made of any type of material (eg, plastic, foam), and has a non-conductive structure with a specific shape (eg, a long rectangle). It has a relatively flat shape, resulting in a flat substrate surface.

The "radiating part" refers to a resonance unit used to receive or transmit wireless signals in a specific frequency band, and is the core of the entire antenna system. It can usually be composed of one or more same or different vibrators with a specific shape or structure, corresponding to a wireless signal of a specific frequency band.

The vibrator constituting the radiation part may be a conductor with a specific length fixed on the surface of the substrate 10 in any suitable form (eg, a patch type or similar copper foil arranged on the surface of the PCB board). It realizes the reception or transmission of wireless signals through the principle of electromagnetic induction. In this embodiment, the antenna may be provided with three radiating parts, a first radiating part 21 , a second radiating part 22 and a third radiating part 23 , which correspond to wireless signals of different frequency bands respectively.

The first radiating part 21 may correspond to low-frequency signals, the second radiating part 22 may correspond to mid-frequency signals, and the third radiating part 23 may correspond to high-frequency signals (eg, 5G full frequency band). Of course, the "low frequency band", "middle frequency band" and "high frequency band" are only used to indicate relative frequency bands, but are not used to limit specific frequency bands, which can be determined according to actual usage needs.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the first radiation part 21 includes a first vibrator 211 and a second vibrator 212 .

The first vibrator 211 and the second vibrator 212 are oriented in opposite directions, and are symmetrically arranged along the substrate. In this embodiment, they may be referred to as "front vibrator" and "rear vibrator", respectively. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , the first vibrator 211 is closer to the root of the antenna (ie, the extension direction of the feeder) than the second vibrator 212 , and is located at a rearward position. Thus, the first vibrator 211 may be referred to as a "rear vibrator", and the second vibrator 212 may be referred to as a "front vibrator".

The main body parts of the first vibrator 211 and the second vibrator 212 have substantially the same structural shape. As shown in Figure 1, it can be considered to be composed of n enclosed structures. The "enclosed structure" refers to a structure enclosed by the complete edge A1 (the oblique line filling part). Specifically, any type of shape or size can be selected according to actual needs, such as a rectangle with a specific aspect ratio.

On the one hand, a part of the two adjacent enclosed structures overlaps to form a vibrator main body connected from the first to the last enclosed structure. That is, a part of the edges between adjacent enclosed structures overlaps, or is shared.

On the other hand, an opening A2 is provided or opened in a part of the enclosing structure constituting the main body of the vibrator. The "opening" refers to a notch provided at the edge of the enclosed structure or a discontinuous portion where fracture occurs.

Based on the arrangement of these openings, the vibrator body can be bent at different angles for many times within a limited area space, filling the space to make full use of the space on the surface of the substrate, forming a curved serpentine structure as shown in Figure 1 or similar Shapes with multiple bends.

The curved serpentine structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention can arrange a vibrator with a long length in a limited space, which is beneficial to reduce the loss of energy transmission. Moreover, the design of the enclosed structure can also conveniently change or adjust the effective size and length of the vibrator by adjusting the number of openings, which is beneficial to improve the antenna debugging efficiency and shorten the debugging time.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the first vibrator 211 and the second vibrator 212 may have similar or close structures, which are symmetrically distributed along the transverse axis of the substrate 10 . Preferably, the specific structure and shape between the first vibrator 211 and the second vibrator 212 can also be slightly adjusted to correct the signal coverage or improve the antenna performance. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , the tail end of the first vibrator 211 A circular arc can be used for the end, and a square end is used for the end of the second vibrator 212, so that the signal coverage can be corrected through the mutual cooperation between the two.

Among them, "arc-shaped" means that the edge of the end of the vibrator consists of a circular arc with a certain radian. On the other hand, "square" refers to a structure with convex corners, etc., as opposed to a smooth circular arc. For example, the edge of the tip of the vibrator can be composed of straight lines that are perpendicular to each other.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 1 , the second radiating part 22 may include: a pair of oppositely oriented third vibrators 221 and fourth vibrators 222 .

Wherein, the third vibrator 221 and the fourth vibrator 222 generally adopt a structure similar to a half-open shape, and are also symmetrically distributed along the transverse axis of the substrate 10 (ie, the width direction of the substrate 10 ).

For the sake of simplicity, the following takes the third vibrator 221 as an example to describe the specific shape and structure of the vibrator used in the second radiating part 22 in detail. Of course, the fourth vibrator 222 may adopt a structure that is basically the same as or similar to that of the third vibrator 221 , and may also be adjusted based on the third vibrator 221 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the third vibrator 221 includes a vibrating body 221a, a vibrating arm 221b and an extension portion 221c. Wherein, the vibrating body 221a may be a structure extending for a certain length along the transverse axis direction of the base body. Its two ends are bent portions with a certain bending angle (eg, 90° or a larger or smaller angle).

The vibrating arm 221b is formed by extending a predetermined length of the bent portion along a straight line or in other forms (eg, a serpentine shape), thereby forming a semi-open shape. The predetermined length is determined according to the signal requirements of the radiation part or the antenna, and can be set by a technician according to the actual situation.

The expanded portion 221c is located at the end of the vibrating arm 221b, and is an expanded portion extending to a certain extent in the width direction (ie, the transverse axis direction of the base). Specifically, the technician can use any shape or size (the trapezoid as shown in Fig. 1 ) according to the needs of the actual situation, and transition from the vibrating arm 221b to the expansion portion 221c.

The extension portion 221c has a larger width to occupy a larger area than the vibrating arm 221b. Therefore, the expansion part 221c and the vibrating arm 221b can form a structure similar to a flag, the vibrating arm 221b is used as a "flagpole" and the expansion part 221c is used as a "flag" unfolded on the flagpole.

In other embodiments, the third radiating portion 23 may include: a pair of oppositely oriented fifth vibrators 231 and sixth vibrators 232 .

The fifth vibrator 231 and the sixth vibrator 232 may also adopt a semi-open vibrator shape. The two can be symmetrically distributed along the transverse axis of the substrate 10, and the openings of the vibrators are opposite.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the fifth vibrator 231 is similar to the second radiating portion, and includes two vibrating bodies 231 a with bent portions at both ends and a pair of vibrating arms 231 b formed by extending the bent portions to a predetermined length. However, the end of the vibrating arm 231b is not provided with an additional expansion part but maintains a similar vibrating arm width, thereby forming a semi-open vibrator shape similar to a "U-shaped".

Specifically, the third vibrator 221 and the fifth vibrator 231 may share a part of the vibrating body. The fourth vibrator 222 and the sixth vibrator 232 with symmetrical design also share a part of the vibrating body. For simplicity of presentation, the third oscillator 221 and the fifth oscillator 231 are used as examples for description:

As shown in FIG. 2 , the vibrating body 231a of the fifth vibrator 231 can extend upward at a certain distance from the bending portion to form the vibrating arm 221b of the third vibrating member 221 and the extension portion 221c at the end of the vibrating arm 221b. The bent portion at the end of the vibrating body 231a extends upward to form a vibrating arm 231b. In other words, the vibrating body 231a can extend upwards from two pairs of vibrating arms (221b, 231b) at different positions to form the third vibrator 221 and the fifth vibrator 231 respectively.

Therefore, the vibrating body 221a of the third vibrator 221 is actually a part of the vibrating body of the fifth vibrator 231 (that is, a part of the two overlaps). Similarly, the vibrating body of the fourth vibrator 222 is also a part of the vibrating body of the fifth vibrator.

The feeder 30 is a signal transmission path connecting the "radiating part" and other signal processing systems. It usually has good shielding and signal transmission performance, so as to avoid the wireless signal received or transmitted by the "radiating part" from being adversely interfered during the transmission process. In particular, any suitable type of wire, such as coaxial wire, can be used.

Specifically, when the coaxial cable is used as the feed line, the first vibrator 211 , the third vibrator 221 and the fifth vibrator 231 are used as the rear vibrator and can be electrically connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable. The second vibrator 212, the fourth vibrator 222 and the sixth vibrator 232 are used as front vibrators, and are electrically connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line to form corresponding feed points and ground points.

In other embodiments, based on different signal frequency bands corresponding to different radiating parts, it is also necessary to control the size and length of the vibrator to ensure that the use requirements of the antenna are met.

Specifically, the total length (ie, the effective dimension length) of the first vibrator 211 using the serpentine wire needs to be controlled between 1/8 to 3/4 of the low-frequency resonance wavelength. The total length of the third vibrator 231 in the shape of the flag vibrator (the total length of the vibrating body and the vibrating arm or the effective dimension length) needs to be controlled between 1/8 to 3/4 of the resonance wavelength of the intermediate frequency. The total length of the fifth vibrator 231 using the "U"-shaped vibrator shape (the total length of the vibrating body and the vibrating arm or the effective dimension length) needs to be controlled between 1/8 to 3/4 of the high frequency resonance wavelength.

It should be noted that the antenna shown in FIG. 1 is only used for exemplary illustration, and those skilled in the art can add, adjust, replace or reduce one or more functional components according to the needs of the actual situation, and are not limited to the FIG. 1 shown. The technical features involved in the embodiment of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other, and can be independently applied in different embodiments as long as they do not depend on each other.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the second vibrator 212 (rear vibrator) according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3 , the enclosing structure used by the second vibrator may be a rectangle with predetermined length and width.

The sides or edges of the rectangle are conductors with a certain width, and the interior enclosed by the rectangular enclosure structure is non-conductive. Specifically, such an enclosed structure can be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, it can be achieved by arranging copper foil traces with rectangular edges as shown in FIG. 3 on a non-conductive substrate.

Two adjacent rectangular enclosure structures share a long side (ie, the long sides overlap), so that the entire vibrator body is in a connected state. In this embodiment, for simplicity of description, in the rectangular enclosure structure, the side where the length of the rectangle is located is called the "long side", and the side where the width of the rectangle is located is called the "wide side".

The openings of the rectangular enclosure structure are arranged on the side where the width of the rectangle is located, and the openings of the adjacent rectangular enclosure structures can be arranged in a staggered manner. For example, the opening of the nth rectangular enclosure structure is located on the broad side near the inner side of the substrate, and the opening of the n+1th rectangular enclosure structure is located on the broad side near the outer side of the substrate. Such a staggered arrangement can form a serpentine structure that is bent multiple times.

In the actual implementation process, a "serpentine line" or a similar routing method can be used, and microstrip lines corresponding to the sides of the above rectangular enclosure structure are arranged on the surface of the substrate to form the oscillator body.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 3 , in some embodiments, the second vibrator 212 may further include a connecting portion 212b and a vibrator tail 212c in addition to the vibrator main body 212a.

The connecting portion 212b is connected to the head of the vibrator body 212b, and is used for connecting the vibrator body 211a and the feed line 30 to form a corresponding feed point. Specifically, any form of connection line or other conductive structures can be used.

The tail end 212c of the vibrator is a tail formed by gathering the end of the vibrator body away from the connecting portion. Based on different actual needs, the tail end 212c of the vibrator may have a corresponding shape, structure or size. For example, as shown in Figure 1, one of the vibrators adopts a circular arc-shaped end, and the other vibrator adopts a square end.

Preferably, the second vibrator 212 can be additionally provided with different structures to improve the performance of the antenna. In the process of implementing the present application, it was surprisingly found that the signal coverage of the first radiating portion can be improved and corrected by setting a specific opening in the portion of the first vibrator 212 close to the end of the vibrator.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the specific opening 212d is specifically an opening provided on the enclosing structure adjacent to the tail end of the vibrator, which opens toward the inner side of the substrate.

Compared with the antenna without the specific opening 211d, the setting of the opening 211d can increase the signal by about 3 to 4 dB, which has better antenna performance.

The embodiment of the present invention provides a specific example of an external tri-band antenna that can operate in three frequency bands of 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz.

As shown in FIG. 1, the external tri-band antenna includes: a substrate 10, a first vibrator 211, a second vibrator 212, a third vibrator 221, a fourth vibrator 222, a fifth vibrator 231, a sixth vibrator 232, a feeder ( coaxial line) 30 and feed coupling line 40.

The first vibrator 211 and the second vibrator 212 both adopt the vibrator shape of a serpentine line, the end of the vibrator of the first vibrator is square, and the end of the vibrator of the second vibrator is arc-shaped. Also, the total length of the first vibrator 211 is 1/8 to 3/4 of the resonance wavelength of the low frequency (900 MHz).

The first vibrator 211 is used as a rear vibrator, and the second vibrator 212 is used as a front vibrator, forming the first radiation part 21 . The front vibrator is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line, and the rear vibrator is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial line, thereby being communicated with the feed line 30 to form a feed point. In addition, a portion of the second vibrator 212 close to the end of the vibrator is further provided with a specific opening 212d.

The third vibrator 221 and the fourth vibrator 222 are a pair of symmetrically arranged vibrators in the shape of a flag vibrator. Among them, the third vibrator 221 is used as the rear vibrator, and the fourth vibrator 222 is used as the front vibrator, forming the second radiation part. The front vibrator is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line, and the rear vibrator is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial line, thereby being communicated with the feed line 30 to form a feed point. Also, the size length of the third vibrator 221 is controlled to be 1/8 to 3/4 of the resonance wavelength of the intermediate frequency (2.4 GHz).

The fifth vibrator 231 and the sixth vibrator 232 are both in the shape of a "U"-shaped vibrator, forming the third radiating part 23 . The vibrating body of the fifth vibrator 231 includes the vibrating body of the third vibrator 221 . The vibrating body of the sixth vibrator 232 includes the vibrating body of the fourth vibrator 222 .

The size and length of the fifth vibrator 231 needs to be controlled at 1/8 to 3/4 of the resonance wavelength of the high frequency (5.8 GHz). The fifth vibrator 231 is the rear vibrator, and the sixth vibrator 232 is the front vibrator. The front vibrator is connected with the inner conductor of the coaxial line, and the rear vibrator is connected with the outer conductor of the coaxial line to form a feed point.

Those skilled in the art can understand that the total length of the vibrator (also referred to as the effective size length, size length or effective length) and the shape of the vibrator are important size parameters in the antenna, which are closely related to the frequency band of wireless signal reception or transmission. It is a very important adjustment method in the process of debugging the antenna.

Based on the one or more antennas provided in the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention further provide an antenna debugging method. The antenna debugging method may include the following steps:

First, adjust the number of enclosed structures with openings among the several enclosed structures that make up the main body of the vibrator. As shown in FIG. 3 , the effective length of the first vibrator or the second vibrator can be increased by breaking the broad side of the rectangular enclosure structure (ie, setting it as an opening). Therefore, the effective length of the first vibrator or the second vibrator can be easily changed by adjusting the number of openings.

Then, it is determined whether the first oscillator and/or the second oscillator meet the debugging requirements. If so, end the debugging, if not, re-adjust the number of setting openings.

The antenna debugging method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, based on the special wiring form of the first vibrator or the second vibrator, can conveniently adjust the effective length of the vibrator, realize the purpose of wire-opening debugging, and has the advantages of short debugging period and convenient debugging operation. .

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an S parameter of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4 , the antenna provided in the above embodiment can work in 870MHz-950MHz (low frequency band), 2.36GHz-2.54GHz (middle frequency band) and 4GHz-6GHz (high frequency band). Therefore, coverage of three frequency bands of 900MHz, 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz can be achieved.

FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 are antenna pattern diagrams of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention in the low frequency band, the middle frequency band, and the high frequency band, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 , the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention has good directivity in three frequency bands, low frequency band, mid frequency band and high frequency band, has good omnidirectionality, and has no defects in specific directions.

Based on the antenna provided by the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention further provides an external antenna structure. This embodiment does not limit the specific application scenarios of the external antenna structure. It can be used as a transceiver device for wireless signals, and can be applied to any type or type of electronic equipment with wireless signal transceiver functions, such as remote controls, smart terminals, Signal transceivers for wearable devices or mobile vehicles.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an external antenna structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8 , the external antenna structure includes an antenna 100 , an antenna housing 200 , a pin shaft 300 and a connector 400 .

The antenna 100 may specifically be the antenna described in one or more of the above embodiments, which is determined by the specific implementation or application scenario. For example, the antenna 100 may be an omnidirectional antenna covering three frequency bands.

The antenna housing 200 is a casing that wraps around the antenna 100 and is used for protection and the like. The antenna housing 200 can be made of any type of non-conductive material (eg, plastic), and has a shape suitable for the antenna 100 , such as the elongated shape shown in FIG. 8 .

The pin shaft 300 is a rotating shaft disposed at one end of the antenna housing 300 , so that the antenna housing 300 has a certain degree of rotational freedom. Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that any other suitable type of hinge structure or other similar structures (eg, a swingable elastic member) can be used instead to enable the antenna housing 300 to have rotational freedom relative to the connector 400 .

The connector 400 is a component that establishes the connection between the external antenna structure and other electronic devices, and it can adopt any type of connection form (eg, screw connection, snap connection or bonding), and be made of any suitable material. As shown in FIG. 8 , the connector 400 can be regarded as a fixed seat or a fixed part of the hinged structure formed by the pin shaft 300 , and the antenna housing 200 is relatively rotated to swing to an appropriate angle according to actual needs. In addition, the feeder drawn from the antenna 100 is also connected to a corresponding electronic device (such as a radio frequency unit or a decoding unit) through the connector 400, so as to realize the sending and receiving of wireless signals.

With the development of UAV technology, it is always expected to reduce the fuselage volume of the UAV as much as possible, so that the UAV can be suitable for performing flight tasks in more scenarios. However, in the case of the shrinking size of the UAV body, higher requirements are put forward for the size and structure of the antenna, which is expected to be realized in a limited volume and as simple structure as possible.

Therefore, by applying the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the requirements on the volume and structure of the antenna of the unmanned aerial vehicle with a small body can be well satisfied. The UAV may include: a fuselage, a motor, and an external antenna structure.

Among them, the fuselage, as the main structure of the drone, can be made of any suitable material and has a structure and size that meet the needs of use. The fuselage can be provided with a variety of different functional parts such as a tripod and a propeller.

The motor is mounted on the fuselage and is used to provide flight power for the drone (eg by driving the propeller to rotate).

The external antenna structure can be installed on a specific position of the fuselage through its own connector, as part of the wireless signal transceiver device, to receive remote control operation instructions from the remote control or to feed back relevant information to the remote control or other smart terminals. data information (such as captured images, operating state parameters of the drone itself).

Of course, based on the UAV application scenarios provided by the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can also apply the antennas provided by the above embodiments to other similar devices (such as remote controllers) with smaller structural volume requirements, not limited to unmanned aerial vehicles. machine.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; under the idea of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, The steps may be carried out in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the invention has been The skilled person should understand that it is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or to perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the implementation of the present invention. scope of technical solutions.

Claims

An antenna, characterized in that, comprising:

a substrate having at least one flat substrate surface;

a first radiating part disposed on the surface of the substrate, the first radiating part comprising: a first vibrator and a second vibrator facing oppositely;

The first vibrator and the second vibrator include: a vibrator main body composed of several enclosed structures;

Wherein, at least a part of the adjacent enclosed structures overlap to form a connected vibrator main body; one or more of the enclosed structures constituting the vibrator main body are provided with openings, so that the vibrator main body is formed Curved serpentine structure.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the enclosed structure is a rectangle composed of a pair of long sides and a pair of broad sides, and the long sides of two adjacent enclosed structures overlap.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first vibrator and the second vibrator further comprise:

a connection part that communicates the vibrator body and the feeder; and

The end of the vibrator body is gathered at the end separated from the connecting part to form the end of the vibrator.
The antenna according to claim 3, wherein the oscillator bodies of the first oscillator and the second oscillator are symmetrically distributed;

The end of the vibrator of the second vibrator is arc-shaped; the end of the vibrator of the first vibrator is square.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the enclosing structure of the second vibrator and the tail end of the vibrator adjacent to the vibrator is provided with an opening facing the inner side of the substrate.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna further comprises: a second radiating portion disposed on the surface of the substrate;

The second radiation part includes: a third vibrator and a fourth vibrator facing oppositely;

The third vibrator and the fourth vibrator include: a vibrating body provided with bending parts at two ends and a pair of vibrating arms formed by extending the bending parts by a predetermined length; The extension part extending in the direction forms a flag-shaped structure with the vibrating arm.
The antenna according to claim 6, wherein the antenna further comprises: a third radiating part disposed on the surface of the substrate;

The third radiating part includes: a fifth vibrator and a sixth vibrator facing oppositely;

The fifth vibrator and the sixth vibrator include: a vibrating body provided with bent portions at two ends, and a pair of vibrating arms formed by extending the bent portions by a predetermined length.
The antenna according to claim 7, wherein the vibrating body of the third vibrator is a part of the vibrating body of the fifth vibrator; the vibrating body of the fourth vibrator is the vibrating body of the sixth vibrator part of the vibrating body.
The antenna according to claim 7, wherein the total length of the first vibrator is between 1/8 and 3/4 of the low frequency resonance wavelength; the total length of the third vibrator is between 1/8 and 3/4 of the intermediate frequency resonance wavelength. between 1/8 and 3/4; the total length of the fifth oscillator is between 1/8 and 3/4 of the high-frequency resonance wavelength.
The antenna according to claim 7, wherein the first vibrator, the third vibrator and the fifth vibrator are rear vibrators oriented in the same direction as the extension of the feeder, the second vibrator, the fourth vibrator and the sixth vibrator The vibrator is a front vibrator facing opposite to the extending direction of the feeder, and the feeder is a coaxial wire;

The front vibrator is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial wire, and the rear vibrator is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial wire.
The antenna according to claim 7, wherein the frequency band corresponding to the first radiation part is 900MHz, the frequency band corresponding to the second radiation part is 2.4GHz, and the frequency band corresponding to the third radiation part is 5.8GHz .
An antenna debugging method, applied to the antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, comprising:

The total length of the first vibrator and/or the second vibrator can be adjusted by changing the number of enclosing structures provided with openings.
An external antenna structure, characterized in that it includes:

The antenna of any one of claims 1-11;

an antenna housing wrapped around the antenna;

a pin shaft disposed at one end of the antenna housing; and

As a connector for the fixing seat of the pin, the antenna housing can rotate around the pin relative to the connector.
An unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that it includes:

a fuselage, a plurality of propellers are arranged on the fuselage;

a motor, mounted on the fuselage, for driving the propeller to rotate, and providing flying power for the drone;

The external antenna structure of claim 13, mounted on the body.